1/ Which of the following is the most appropriate position of the ankle during the first phase

of the gait cycle?

O A. Neutral position

O B. 5-degree dorsiflexion

O C. 5-degree plantarflexion

O D. 10-degree plantarflexion

2/ Which of the following muscles is an abductor of the shoulder joint and responsible for
the first 30° of shoulder abduction?

O A. Teres minor
The primary muscles involved in the action of arm
abduction include the:
O B. Teres major supraspinatus, deltoid, trapezius, and serratus anterior.
O C. Subscapularis

O D. Supraspinatus The angular movement of bones in the human body occurs as a result of a
combination of rolls, spins, and slides.

1. A roll is a rotary movement, one bone rolling on another.

2. A spin is a rotary movement, one body spinning on another.
3. A slide is a translatory movement, sliding of one joint surface over another.
3/ During the joint motion, there are fundamental arthrokinematic movements that occur
inside the joint. Arthrokinematics means joint movement
Osteokinematics means bone movement
Which of the following describes the "roll" fundamental arthokinematic movements?

O A. Multiple points on 1 articular surface contact single points on another surface

O B. Multiple points on 1 articular surface contact multiple points on another surface

O C. A single point on 1 articular surface contacts multiple points on another surface

O D. A single point on 1 articular surface rotates on a single point on another surface

rise the toes? dorsiflexion roll: multiple points on multiple points
glide/slide: one point on multiple points
spin: one point on same one point on other surface
4/ Which of the following muscles lowest work when a therapist asks the patient to rise on
the toes and push the body weight directly upward?

O A. Soleus

O B. Peroneus longus it acts to tilt the sole of the foot away from the midline of the body (eversion) and
to extend the foot downward away from the body (plantar flexion) at the ankle.
O C. Extensor halluces longus

O D. Extensor digitorum longus

5/ During knee extension, there are fundamental arthokinematic movements that occur
inside the joint.

Which of the following describes the "glide/slide" fundamental arthokinematic movements?

O A. Multiple points on 1 articular surface contact single points on another surface

O B. Multiple points on 1 multiple points on another surface rticular surface contact

O C. Single point on 1 articular surface contacts multiple points on another surface

O D. Single point on 1 articular surface rotates on a single point on another surface

*6/ If a straight line across the middle of the patella and a straight line going down through
the center of the tibial tuberosity and another straight line going upward toward the
anterior superior iliac spine is drawn, then an angle can be obtained (see image).

Which of the following is the angle that will be obtained?

The Q angle, which is also known as quadriceps angle, is defined as the
O A. A angle formed between the quadriceps muscles and the patella tendon.
O B. L one line from ASIS to patella
other line from the center of the patella to the tibial tubercle
O C.K
Normally 15 degrees
O D.Q in male: small q angle bow-leg <10
in females: large q angle knock-kneed >20
Women usually have a higher Q angle due to their naturally wider pelvis

7/ A 28-year-old man comes to the clinic with weakness in the left elbow muscles. The
physical therapist decides to start the treatment plan by strengthening exercises of the
elbow muscles and asks the patient to carry weight in hand and hold it without any
movement in the elbow joint.

What is the type of contraction at the elbow flexion muscles?

O A. Isometric

O B. Eccentric

O C. Isokinetic

O D. Concentric
(GRF) is the force exerted by the ground on a body in contact with it. When a person is just standing, the GRF
corresponds with the person's weight. When the body is moving, the GRF increases due to acceleration forces.
8/ A 28-year-old man presents to the clinic a pain in his right hip before one month ago. The
physical therapist applies a measurement of the ground reaction force of the hip joint.

Where does the ground reaction force pass at heel strike during normal gait?
(GRF) occurs when contact occurs with a support surface, it is equalling and
O A. Lateral opposing the force due to body mass passing through the foot to the ground surface.
@A. heel strike (initial contact) GRF is @C. midstance
O B. Central 1. posterior to the ankle joint 1. anterior to ankle @E. toe off
2. Anterior to the knee 2. anterior to knee 1. antior to ankle
O C. Anterior 3. Anterior to the hip 3. posterior to hip 2. posterior to knee
3. posterior to hip
O D. Posterior @B. foot flat GRF is @D. heel off
1. posterior to the ankle 1. anterior to ankle Ankle: P P A A A
2. Posterior to the knee 2. anterior to knee Knee: A P A A P
3. Anterior to the hip 3. posterior to the hip Hip: A A P P P
9/ Which of the following is the most likely cause of mechanical joint instability?

O A. Mal-alignment Risk factors that may cause joint instability include:

O B. Muscle weakness *Injury — such as a fall — can cause a dislocation of a joint or stretch or
tear the ligaments.
O C. Ligamentous injury *Overuse or repeating a movement over time can cause instability.
Swimming, for example, can lead to shoulder instability.
O D. Loss of proprioception *Multidirectional instability — known as being “double jointed” —
happens to some people who are born with looser joints than most others.

10/ A 36-year-old football player developed severe knee pain while playing. He was unable
to move his leg. Examination revealed his knee had swelling and limited range of motion.
There was a spring-like end feel to the joint.

Which of the following is the most likely joint pathology?

O A. Arthritis
The springy end feel is always abnormal. There is a spring,
O B. Inflammation or rebound, before the normal end range of motion, and it
may be painful. The most common example of springy end
O C. Meniscal injury feel is the MENICUS in stifle extension when the canine
patient has a medial meniscal tear.
O D. Ligamentous injury An empty end feel is also always abnormal.

11/ While examining a patient's gait, the physical therapist observes muscle weakness in
right side hip abductors and also shows lateral deviation of trunk as compensatory reaction.

What is the compensatory gait the patient used?

O A. Vaulting a gait compensatory mechanism used by transfemoral amputees to assist toe clearance during the prosthetic
swing phase. It is defined by a plantar flexion of the contralateral ankle during the single-limb support phase.
O B. Crouched excessive ankle dorsiflexion, knee and hip flexion during the stance
phase. This gait disorder is common among patients with cerebral palsy.
characterized by the knees and thighs pressed together or crossing each other while
O C. Scissoringwalking. It's caused by high muscle tone (spasticity) in the hip adductors. The hip
adductors are the muscles responsible for bringing the thighs together.
O D. Trendelenburg an abnormal gait resulting from a defective hip abductor mechanism.
12/ A 43-year-old woman with walking dysfunction and inability to clear her foot from the
ground during swing phase. The physical therapist assessed her gait and found the following
in mid-swing: 25-degree hip flexion, 25-degree knee flexion, and 25-degree ankle planter-
flexion.

Where is the expected dysfunctional site that needs intervention?

O A. Hip

O B. Knee

O C. Ankle

O D. Spine and pelvic

13/ Which of the following muscles is responsible for wrist flexion and abduction?

O A. Flexor carpi ulnaris

O B. Flexor carpi radialis

O C. Flexor digitorum profundus

O D. Flexor digitorum superficialis

14/ Which of the following features is about Pacinian corpuscles?

O A. Rapidly adapting Pacinian corpuscles, also known as Vater-Pacini or lamellar

corpuscles, are sensory receptors for vibration and deep pressure
O B. Change in muscle length and are essential for proprioception. They can be found throughout
the whole body; however, it is the hands and feet where they occur
O C. Change in muscle tension most numerously and tightly grouped.

O D. Detection of acceleration and deceleration

15/ Absorption of calcium in the intestine depends on which of the following vitamins?

O A. A

O B. B

O C. C

O D. D
*16/ A Image(s) Which of the following anatomical data is about the indicated muscle (see
image)?

O A. Supplied by the suprascapular nerve

O B. Produces the last degree of shoulder abduction

O C. The deltoid muscle supplied by the axillary nerve

O D. Originated from the infraspinous fossa of scapula

17/ Which of the following is the source of nutrition of hyaline cartilage?

O A. Synovial fluid Hyaline cartilage is found in the synovial joints and assists the motion of joints.

O B. Haversian canals

O C. Vessels from the periosteum

O D. Nutrient arteries of the diaphysis

18/ Which of the following nerves is compressed in the tunnel of Guyon?

O A. Ulnar Guyon's canal also called ulnar tunnel or ulnar canal, is an

anatomical fibro-osseous canal located on the medial side
O B. Radial of the hand. It extends between the proximal boarder of the
pisiform bone and distally at the hook of the hamate.
O C. Median

O D. Peroneal

19/ A 6-month-old baby boy is refered by a neurosurgeon for management. He has an

adducted shoulder with a flaccid and intermally rotated arm and a pronated forearm. The
boy's mother has gestational diabetes and difficult labor.

Which of the following is the most likely brachial plexus injury?

O A. Erb's palsy

O B. Klumpke's palsy
Horner syndrome is a relatively rare disorder characterized by a constricted pupil
O C. Horner's syndrome (miosis), drooping of the upper eyelid (ptosis), absence of sweating of the face (anhidrosis),
and sinking of the eyeball into the bony cavity that protects the eye (enophthalmos).
O D. Brachial plexus syndrome
 Frozen shoulder, also called adhesive capsulitis,
involves stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint.
20/ A 60-year-old woman developed severe pain and restriction of the shoulder movements
in all directions. She was diagnosed as a case of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint and
prescribed an intra-articular steroid injection. Following the injection, she developed wasting
at the injection site.

How long, in weeks, will it take before recovery from the wasting?

O A. 10

O B. 15

O C. 20

O D. 25

21/ A 60-year-old man sustained a fracture of the hip joint following a fall. He was given
skeletal traction for conservative management of the fracture. He received regular
physiotherapy to prevent muscle wasting and has started regular cyclic loading exercise
plan.

How long, in months, will it take him to regain normal muscle strength?

O A. 4

O B. 5

O C. 6

O D. 7

22/ A 37-year-old man complained of weakness in his arm. 6 weeks ago, he fell off his
motorbike and landed on his shoulder. Examination revealed wasting of the flexor surface of
his arm and difficulty with elbow flexion, especially with a supinated elbow are noted. His
shoulder, hand movements and elbow extension were normal.

Which of the following nerves is most likely injured?

O A. Ulnar

O B. Radial injuries to the musculocutaneous nerve and the lateral

head of the median nerve result in a motor deficit
O C. Median consisting of palsy in
1. elbow flexion and
2. a deficit of muscle pronators in the forearm, wrist, and
O D. Musculocutaneous finger flexors.
*23/ The angle between the longitudinal axes of the femoral neck and shaft is about 126° in
adults (see image).

An abnormally large angle is known as which of the following?

Text

O A. Coxa valga - Coxa valga is defined as the femoral neck shaft angle being greater than 139 °
- Coxa vara is as a varus deformity of the femoral neck. It is defined as the angle between the neck and
shaft of the femur being less than 110 – 120 ° (which is normally between 135 ° - 145 °) in children.
O B. Genu varum

O C. Genu valgum

O D. Genu recurvatum

24/ A 39-year-old patient with lower limb problem, during the assessment, there is a
weakness in the gastrocnemius muscle.

Where is this muscle located?

O A. Back of leg

O B. Front of leg

O C. Back of thigh

OD. Front of thigh

25/ Which of the following nerve injuries is a condition in which degeneration of the axon
takes place, but the sheath of the nerve remains intact?

O A. Neuropathy

O B. Neurapraxia

O C. Axonotmesis

O D. Neurotmesis

26/ A 51-year-old man comes to the Physical Therapy Clinic for assessment of right hip pain
(lateral side) that started 2 weeks ago. Pain worsens when the physical therapist tests a
muscle that abducts, flexes, internally rotates the hip.

Which of the following muscles is the most likely cause of this pain?

O A. Iliopsoas The tensor fasciae latae (TFL) is a muscle on the front of the hip that connects to the lower leg via
the IT band. It is positioned above the gluteus minimus and some of the gluteus medius muscle.
O B. Psoas minor The functions of the TFL muscle are to help flex, abduct, and medially rotate the hip.

O C. Psoas major Hip joint: Thigh internal rotation, (Weak abduction);

Knee joint: Leg external rotation, (Weak leg flexion/ extension);
O D. Tensor fascia latae Stabilizes hip & knee joints
27/ A 41-year-old patient with posterior hip dislocation after trauma, during assessment,
there is nerve damage associated with this injury.

Which of the following nerves is affected?

O A. Sciatic

OB. Femoral

OC. Superior gluteal

O D. Inferior gluteal

28/ A 22-year-old patient with weak shoulder flexor. The physical therapist decided to give
him some exercises to strengthen the shoulder flexor muscle in standing.

Which of the followwing planes of motion is the most appropriate to do these exercises?

O A. Frontal If we are moving the shoulder in the sagittal plane, it means that we are moving around the
transversal axis. These movements in the shoulder joint are called flexion or anteversion or
O B. Sagittal extension or retroversion.

O C. Coronal

O D. Transverse

29/ A 66-year-old patient complains of sensory changes due to a narrowed spinal canal as a
result of degeneration.

Which of the following postures is most likely recommended to increase the canal size?

O A. 0-degree Flexion

O B. 15-degree Flexion

O C. 0-degree extension

O D. 15-degree extension

30/ A 35-year-old woman with hip/pelvic dysfunction is referred to physical therapy. The
physical therapist instructed the patient to do bridging exercise.

What is the muscle group working most in bridging exercise?

O A. Hip flexors and spine flexors A bridge exercise isolates and strengthens your
gluteus (butt) muscles — the gluteus maximus,
medius and minimus — and hamstrings, which are
O B. Hip flexors and spine extensors the main muscles that make up the posterior chain.
O C. Hip extensors and spine flexors

O D. Hip extensors and spine extensors

EE
31/ Which of the following is the primary aim of the physical therapy profession?

O A. Primary
A physical therapist's goal is to optimize an individual's ability to function
O B. Tertiary within society by addressing prevention, wellness and rehabilitation across the
lifespan and in a variety of settings.
O C. Secondary
Physical therapists examine each person and then develops a treatment plan to
improve their ability to move, reduce or manage pain, restore function, and
OD. Transitional prevent disability.

32/ A 26-year-old football player developed severe pain in his ankle following a twisting
injury during a match. He was given ice fomentation and anti-inflammatory medications. He
had little pain on rest. Physical examination revealed stress and palpation produce severe
pain (see report).
Unremarkable meaning is commonly used when there are no
X-ray of the ankle: Unremarkable. abnormal findings in the x-ray or CT scan.

Which of the following is the most likely grade of the sprain?

O A. 1

O B. 2

O C. 3

O D. 4

33/ Which of the following is the most useful orthopedic test to differentiate intra-articular
and extra-articular injury?

O A. Ober's

O B. Gapping Intraarticular ligaments such as the anterior cruciate ligament

(ACL) act as primary stabilizers, whereas extraarticular
ligaments such as the medial collateral ligament (MCL) act as
O C. Integrity additional support structures to aid in joint stability.

O D. Quadrant

34/ Which of the following sites of fracture involving the humerus most likely causes radial
nerve palsy? Radial nerve palsy is a result of compression of the radial nerve, often
caused by fracture of the humerus bone. This results in pain, weakness,
O A. Shaft or loss of function in a person's wrist, hand, and fingers.

O B. Head Radial nerve palsies are a common complication associated with humeral
SHAFT fractures. The authors propose classifying these injuries into 4
O C. Lower end types based on intraoperative findings:

O D. Surgical neck type 1 stretch/neuropraxia,

type 2 incarcerated,
type 3 partial transection, and
type 4 complete transection.
 35/ A physiotherapist receives a referral for a patient. The referring physician has outlined
all clinical findings in the referral, one of which is "Hemiplegia".
Hemiplegia: Paralysis affects one side of the body (an arm and a leg on the same side).
What does this term mean? Monoplegia: You can't move one limb (arm or leg).
Paraplegia: Paralysis affects both legs and sometimes the torso.
quadri O A. Loss of movement in all 4 mbs
Quadriplegia (Tetraplegia): Paralysis involves all limbs.
hemi O B. Loss of movement in 1 side of the body

O C. Loss of movement in both upper or lower limb

para O D. Loss of movement in both lower limb including trunk

36/ A 28-year-old professional weight lifter is undergoing a physical therapy examination

following complaints of pain in the lower abdominal area and groin when lifting weights. A
detailed examination by the physiotherapist reveals pain in the groin on coughing, resisted
adduction sit-ups, and weight-bearing.

What is the most likely cause of the problem?

O A. Hamstring strain
(Athletic Pubalgia)
O B. Sportsman's hernia is a pain syndrome of the lower abdomen and groin.

O C. Osteoarthritis of hip joint

O D. Tightness in the hip flexors(iliopsoas)

37/ A 53-year-old patient is referred to the physical therapy for mobility training following a
prolonged hospitalization. During the hospital stay, the patient was on corticosteroids for
the management of the medical condition.

Which of the following is a potential adverse effect of prolonged use of corticosteroids?

O A. Myopathy Long-term corticosteroid use may be associated with

more serious sequel, including osteoporosis, aseptic joint
O B. Depression necrosis, adrenal insufficiency, gastrointestinal, hepatic,
and ophthalmologic effects, hyperlipidemia, growth
suppression, and possible congenital malformations.
O C. Osteoporosis and increased appetite

O D. Decreased appetite

38/ A 37-year-old man referred to the Physical Therapy Clinic for back pain. The physical
therapist needs to implement an intervention according to the prognosis. Which of the
following refers to the term "prognosis"?

O A. Predictable course of the condition The likely outcome or course of a disease; the chance of recovery or recurrence.
diagnosis O B. Determining the nature of the condition

O C. Tests and measures findings related to the physical exam

O D. Tests and measures findings related to medical history

39/ A physical therapist is searching for evidence to support the use of eccentric exercises to
decrease the pain in the patient with tendinopathy.

Which of the following study designs should be a priority during the search?

O A. Cross-sectional

O B. Prospective cohort

O C. Quasi-experimental

O D. Randomized control trial

40/ A 45-year-old school teacher with lower back pain. When evaluating the spinal X-ray, the
physical therapist observes 75% of anterior displacement of L4 vertebra over L5 vertebra.
Degenerative spondylolisthesis
What is the grade of the displacement?

O A. 1
Grade I is 1 to 25% slippage,
grade II is up to 50% slippage,
O B. 2 grade III is up to 75% slippage, and
grade IV is 76-100% slippage.
O C. 3
If there is more than 100% slippage, it is known as spondyloptosis or grade V spondylolisthesis.
O D. 4

41/ A 48-year-old woman had pain in her right shoulder 3 weeks ago. During treatment, the
therapist abducts the patient's arm away from the body passively, but the patient cannot
maintain this position.

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

O A. Frozen shoulder

O B. Bankart Lesion

O C. Rotator cuff rupture

O D. Supraspinatus impingement
42/ A 67-year-old man has some difficulty reaching overhead and grooming his hair. The
physical therapist decided to give him some exercises to help him achieve his goal of
improving this.

Which of the following aspects of the function according to the International Classification of
Functioning (ICF) the PT is looking to improve?

O A. Personal factors

O B. Activity limitation

O C. Physical Impairment

O D. Participation restriction

43/ A therapist is treating a patient with an infected wound at the lower lumbar area,

Which of the following heating modalities assists in destroying bacteria and fungi that are
commonly found in wounds?

O A. Short wave
for wound HEALING :
O B. UltrasoundUltrasound mist therapy. Electrical stimulation. Pulsed lavage.

O C. Ultraviolet ray UVC light is well known to possess a very powerful germicidal effect capable of inactivating a wide
spectrum of microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, protozoa, fungi, yeasts, and algae
O D. Low-level laser therapy

44/ Which of the following is the most appropriate characteristic of a beam of therapeutic
ultrasonic waves from transducer?

O A. Roughly cylindrical

O B. Uniform intensities

O C. More scattered in the far-field

O D. Extreme irregular near the zone

45/ Which of the following results from changes to quartz in an ultraviolet apparatus?

O A. Arsenium

O B. Theraktin

O C. Tridymite

O D. Zirconate
46/ Which of the following is the most appropriate temperature range, in Celsius, for wax
therapy?
Wax bath physiotherapy, using paraffin wax, is one of the
O A. 32-35 most effective ways of applying heat to improve joint mobility
by warming the connective tissues. It is mainly used for
O B. 36-39 painful hands and feet and is used by our physiotherapists in
conjunction with gentle mobilising techniques and a tailored
O C. 40-44 exercise programme.

O D. 45-50

47/ A 29-year-old woman comes to the clinic after 1 month of right foot tendon transfer.
The physical therapist decides to start with the faradic-type current for training a new
muscle-action.

What is the frequency of faradic-type current?

O A. 50-100 Hz

O B. 150-200 Hz

O C. 250-300 Hz

O D. 350-400 Hz

48/ A 40-year-old woman presented to the physical therapy clinic with hand pain. The
physical therapist decides to use Paraffin wax for treatment.
Paraffin wax is a colorless, soft wax that can provide
What happens to the hand after treatment? therapeutic heat therapy for the hands and feet. It also has
softening and moisturizing effects on the skin.
O A. Increases in pain

O B. Stiffness of joints

O C. Local hyperemia is when your blood adjusts to support different tissues throughout your body.

O D. Reflex vasoconstriction

49/ A 35-year-old patient presented to the Physical Therapy Clinic with elbow pain. The
physical therapist decides to use ultrasonic therapy for treatment.

Which of the following the therapist has to use to check the functionality of ultrasonic
therapy?

O A. Lamp

O B. Water bath

O C. Sound meter

O D. Energy meter
 50/ A 48-year-old patient with pelvic floor muscle weakness treated by physical therapy
agent to increase muscle power.

Which of the following physical therapy agents is used?

O A. TENS

O B. Infrared

O C. Ultrasonic

O D. Interferential

51/ A 58-year-old patient comes to the Physical Therapy Clinic with lower back pain and
hypertension. The physical therapist decides to use heat modalities to reduce pain.

What factor reduces blood pressure after treatment?

Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels as a result of the
O A. Increased blood viscosity relaxation of the blood vessel's muscular walls. Vasodilation is a
mechanism to enhance blood flow to areas of the body that are
O B. Generalized vasodilatation lacking oxygen and/or nutrients.

O C. Generalized vasoconstriction Generalized vasodilatation: usually results in a decrease in

systemic blood pressure
O D. Increased peripheral resistance
Vasoconstriction is the narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls. When blood vessels
constrict, blood flow is slowed or blocked. Vasoconstriction may be slight or severe.

52/ A 33-year-old patient comes to the Physical Therapy Clinic with left shoulder pain. The
physical therapist decides to use short-wave diathermy.

What should the therapist use to ensure the short-wave diathermy is working?

O A. Neon tube

O B. Water bath

O C. Sound meter

O D. Energy meter

53/ Which type of laser is used by a physical therapist as its depth of penetration is sufficient
to produce biological effect in the tissues?

O A. Soft

O B. Mid

O C. Power

O D. Deep
54/ A therapist is treating a patient with a strain at one of the deep muscles and wants to
reduce pain.

Which of the following is the most appropriate form of ultrasound that the therapist should
use?

O A. Pulsed 1 MHz

O B. Pulsed 3 MHz

O C. Pulsed 5 MHz

O D. Non-pulsed 1 MHz

55/ Which of the following is the main contraindication to deep heat?

O A. Pain

O B. Metal

OC. Spasticity

O D. Contracture

56/ A therapist treats a patient who has an internal fixation of right humerus after a
fracture.

Which of the following modalities is most likely a contraindication for the patient?

O A. Moist heat Shortwave diathermy has the following precautions or contraindications:

Malignancy.
O B. Cryotherapy
Sensory loss.
Tuberculosis.
O C. Shortwave diathermy Metallic implants or foreign bodies.
Pregnancy.
O D. Continuous ultrasound Application over moist dressings.
Ischemic areas or arteriosclerosis.
Thromboangiitis obliterans.

57/ A 35-year-old man fell asleep with his arm on the side of a chair. In the morning, he
observed absent sensation on the dorsum of the hand and an inability to extend the wrist.
His nerve conduction studies and electromyography confirmed neurapraxia of the radial
nerve in the arm.

Which of the following is the most appropriate type of electrotherapy indicated for this
condition? Neuropraxia is the mildest form of traumatic peripheral nerve
injury. It is characterized by focal segmental demyelination at the
O A. Faradic current site of injury without disruption of axon continuity and its
surrounding connective tissues. This condition results in blockage of
O B. Interrupted direct current nerve conduction and transient weakness or paresthesia.

O C. Electrical muscle stimulation

O D. Transcutaneous nerve stimulation

58/ What is the mean age for a baby to develop the ability to hop on 1 foot while holding on,
according to normal developmental milestones?

O A. 36 months 3 years

O B. 18 months

O C. 24 months

O D. 30 months

59/ What is the mean age for a baby in months to start developing the ability to walk
upstairs?

O A. 12

O B. 18 1.5 years

O C. 24

O D. 30
Uterine prolapse occurs when pelvic floor muscles and ligaments stretch and weaken until
they no longer provide enough support for the uterus. As a result, the uterus slips down into
or protrudes out of the vagina.
60/ Which of the following is the most common adverse effect of a prolapsed uterus?

O A. Hernia

O B. Dyspnea

O C. Vaginal cancer

O D. Abnormal pregnancy

61/ Which of the following scientific terms is most likely used to describe an involuntary
movement response to the stimulus that serves to maintain normal alignment of the head
and body in space?

O A. Balance

O B. Motor program Postural control is a term used to describe the

way our central nervous system (CNS) regulates
O C. Postural control sensory information from other systems in order
to produce adequate motor output to maintain a
O D. Righting reaction controlled, upright posture.
 62/ A 68-year-old patient with Parkinson's disease with tremor at rest, slowness of
movement and rigidity.

Which area is most likely affected in the central nervous system?

O A. Pons

O B. Cerebellum

O C. Basal ganglia

O D. Medulla oblongata

63/ A 6-month-old patient with Erb's palsy, leading to loss of elbow flexion power and
supination of the forearm, is being treated in the Physical Therapy Pediatric Clinic.

Which nerve root is affected?

O A. C3-C4

O B. C5-C6

O C. C7-C8

O D. T1-T2

64/ Which of the following is the most likely cause of back pain in pregnant women?

O A. Stress
The hormone relaxin is released from the
O B. Weight gain beginning of the pregnancy which helps
enable the pelvis to expand during the
birth by increasing the laxity (looseness)
O C. Muscle weakness
in the ligaments around the pelvis.
O D. Ligamentous laxity
A hot flash is a sudden sensation of intense body heat, often with profuse sweating and reddening of the head, neck, and chest.
These symptoms can be accompanied by mild to severe heart palpitations, anxiety, irritability and, in rare cases, panic.
65/ A 50-year-old patient presents with hot flushes irritability, joint pain and lack of sleep.

Which of the following is the most appropriate management?

O A. Vitamins
Hormone replacement therapy is medication that
contains female hormones. You take the medication to
O B. Hysterectomy replace the estrogen that your body stops making
during menopause. Hormone therapy is most often
O C. Hormone replacement therapy used to treat common menopausal symptoms,
including HOT FLASHES and vaginal discomfort.
O D. Oestrogen-progesterone preparation
66/ Which of the following is the most likely cause of posterior pelvic pain associated with
prolonged sitting in pregnant women?

O A. Muscular

O B. Radicular

O C. Sacroiliac

OD. Disc prolapse

lower limb impairment

67/ Which of the following is used to describe the term "spastic diplegia"?

O A. Paralysis of all limbs

Spastic diplegia is a type of spastic
O B. Paralysis of 1 limb cerebral palsy that primarily affects
motor control in the legs. Generally, this
type of spastic CP is associated with
O C. Paralysis of 2 limbs milder damage to the brain, which is
why motor impairments primarily affect
O D. Paralysis of 3 limbs the legs as opposed to the entire body.

68/ A 5-year-old patient with Erb's palsy has been referred to the Rehabilitation Centre.
During the evaluation, the therapist recognizes it as Erb- Duchenne or upper arm paralysis.

Which of the following is the most likely reason?

O A. Cord

O B. Lower trunk

O C. Upper trunk

O D. Brachial plexus division

69/ A 4-year-old child with spasticity treated in the Physical Therapy Pediatric Clinic, during
spasticity assessment the therapist found there is a considerable increase in muscle tone,
passive movement difficulty.

What is the grade of patient spasticity according to the Modified Ashworth scale?

O A. 1 SCORING

O B. 2 0 No increase in tone

1 slight increase in tone giving a catch when slight increase in muscle

O C. 3 tone, manifested by the limb was moved in flexion or extension.

O D. 4 1+ slight increase in muscle tone, manifested by a catch followed by

minimal resistance throughout (ROM )

2 more marked increase in tone but more marked increased in

muscle tone through most limb easily flexed

3 considerable increase in tone, passive movement difficult

4 limb rigid in flexion or extension

70/ Ehag for Bee Which of the following musculoskeletal problems is common during the
third trimester?

O A. Heel spur

O B. Back pain

O C. Hip arthritis

O D. knee ligament injury

71/ Which of the following is the most appropriate exercise to maintain bone mass in the
elderly population?

O A. Aerobic

O B. Aquatic

O C. Stretching

O D. Progressive resistance

72/ Which of the following durations, in months, is the time frame for the presence of an
increased level of hormones post-partum?

O A. 03-05

O B. 06-09

O C. 10-12

O D. 13-15

73/ A 23-year-old woman presented with incontinence. She developed the condition 3
months ago after childbirth. She experienced leakage when laughing or minor straining. Her
urine routine examination and culture were unremarkable.

Which of the following is the most appropriate exercise management?

O A. Perineal flexibility

O B. Adductor flexibility

O C. Pelvic floor training

O D. Abdominal exercises
74/ An older adult with osteoarthritis presents for pain management and improved mobility.
She complains of severe pain in both knees while climbing stairs and bending activities.

Which of the following types of exercise is the most appropriate management?

O A. Aquatic

O B. Isokinetic

O C. Close kinematic

O D. Open kinematic chain

75/ A 70-year-old man complains of breathlessness on mild activity. He has mild knee pain,
which is well-controlled with physiotherapy and paracetamol.

Which of the following is the most appropriate management to increase his functional
capacity?

O A. Protein intake

O B. Aerobic exercises

O C. Vitamin supplements

OD. Strengthening exercises

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1/ Which of the following is the most appropriate description of the therapeutic exercises
for timing, sequence and strength of muscles?

OA. Mobility

OB. Flexibility

OC. Endurance

OD. Coordination

2/ Which of the following training exercises is defined as overall lengthening of the muscle,
as it develops tension and contracts to control motion against the resistance of an outside
force (negative work)?

OA. Eccentric

OB. Isometric

OC. Concentric

OD. Open chain

3/ A 56-year-old man presents to the Physical Therapy clinic after removing a plaster cast,
which is covering the right knee joint. During the assessment of the right knee joint by a
physical therapist, a hypomobility has identified.

Which of the following statements describes the hypomobility?

OA. Joint mobility

OB. Joint stiffness

OC. Decrease mobility

OD. Increase mobility

4/ What is the name of the PNF technique that involves voluntary relaxation, followed by
passive or active assistive and mildly resisted movement of the agonist pattern?

O A. Slow reversal hold

OB. Rhythmic initiation

OC.Repeated contraction

OD. Rhythmic stabilization

5/ Which of the following features is most commonly associated with the term muscle
performance, in addition to strength and power?

OA. Flexibility

OB. Endurance

OC. Coordination

OD. Neuromuscular control

6/ Which of the following scientific terms describes the condition of the slowness of thought
processes and lack of concentration and attention?

OA. Akinesia
Bradyphrenia is a medical term for slowed
OB. Hypophonia thinking and processing of information. It's
sometimes referred to as mild cognitive
OC. Bradykinesia impairment. It's more serious than the slight
cognitive decline associated with the aging
OD. Bradyphrenia process, but less severe than dementia.

*7/ A 34-year-old patient with long-standing low back pain is referred to a Physiotherapy
Clinic for treatment and management. Examination reveals skin sensory loss on the lateral
aspect of the foot as shown (see image).

The sensory loss is most likely due to the involvement of which of the following nerve roots?

OA. L2

OB. L3

OC. L4

OD. S1

8/ After performing a complete muscle test for a patient with bilateral lower limb weakness,
the therapist recorded that the patient has a poor grade of the left hip abductors.

Which of the following can the patient do?

OA. Not able to abduct the leg

OB. Perform a complete range of abduction from a side-lying position

OC. Perform a complete range of abduction from the supine position

OD. Perform an incomplete range of abduction from the supine position

*9/ Which of the following group of hip muscles is being stretched (see image)?

OA. Flexors and abductors

OB. Extensors and adductors

OC. Extensors and internal rotators

OD. Extensors and external rotators

back
EE

10/ Which of the following is the most appropriate precaution during close kinematic chain
training?

OA. Avoid resistance to the distal tibia

OB. Knees do not move posteriorly to the toes

OC. Avoid extension of knee between 45° to 15°

OD.Avoid strengthening of quadriceps between 60° to 90°

11/ Which of the following is the most appropriate technique to prevent injury during
stretching exercises?

OA. Slow speed

OB. Linear force

OC. Reduced force

OD. Low repetitions

12/ Why is it recommended for a patient with controlled diabetes to practice exercise
training and walking?

OA. Decrease insulin secretion

OB. Increase patient tolerance

OC. Increase metabolism of insulin

OD. Increase glucose uptake by the muscles

13/ A 62-year-old patient is diagnosed with osteoporosis and has no fractures. For the last
month, the patient started feeling increased mid and low back pain while breathing and
during other functional movements.

Which of the following are the most appropriate exercises for this patient?

O A. Trunk flexion and rotation

OB. Trunk flexion and extension

OC. Trunk rotation and abdominal stabilization OD. Trunk extension and abdominal
stabilization

14/ A 61-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis has been advised hydrotherapy for
cardiovascular fitness.

Which of the following is the most appropriate target reduced heart rate in beats/minute for
monitoring exercise intensity?

OA. 07-20

OB. 21-34

OC. 35-50

OD. 51-63

15/ A 40-year-old woman is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. The patient complains of
severe pain in her right shoulder. She is referred to the Physical Therapy Department for
pain management from the Rheumatology Clinic.

Which of the following is the most appropriate management regarding grades of

mobilization?

OA. Large amplitude rhythmic oscillations are performed with in the range

OB. Small amplitude rhythmic oscillations are performed at the beginning of the range

OC. Small amplitude rhythmic oscillations are performed at the limit of available motion.

OD. Large amplitude rhythmic oscillations are performed up to limit of the available motion

16/ A 55-year-old patient with a cardiac problem and used artificial pacemaker to regulate
the heartbeat instead of the sinus node, which is the heart's natural pacemaker.

Where is the sinus node located in the heart? O A. Left atrium

OB. Right atrium

OC. Left ventricle

OD. Right ventricle

17/ Which of the following is the main benefit of adaptation in aerobic exercise?

OA. Decreases mental stress

OB. Decreases hypercholesterolemia

OC. Enhances neuromuscular coordination

OD. Increases efficiency of cardiovascular system

18/ A 56-year-old patient with an ejection fraction of 38%.

Ejection fraction measures the amount of blood the left ventricle of
Blood pressure 110/80 mmHg the heart pumps out to your body with each heartbeat.

69 /min Heart rate

Which of the following is indicated by the clinical characteristics?

OA. Left heart failure The left ventricle is the heart's main pumping chamber

OB. Right heart failure

OC. Myocardial infarction

OD. Coronary artery insufficiency

19/ A 64-year-old patient presented with heart valves disorders, there was a blood return
from the right ventricle back to the right atrium.

Which of the following valves is most likely responsible for prevention?

OA. Mitral

OB. Aortic

OC. Tricuspid The tricuspid valve sits between the heart's two right chambers.

OD. Pulmonary

20/ Which of the following is the most likely cause of loss of consciousness following an
electric shock?

OA. Pain

OB. Fright

OC. Low heart rate

OD. Low blood pressure

21/ Which of the following scientific terms is defined as chronic inflammation of the
innermost layer of the arteries?

OA. Aneurysm

OB. Angina pectoris

Atherosclerosis is thickening or hardening of the arteries caused by
OC. Atherosclerosis a buildup of plaque in the inner lining of an artery.

OD. Deep arterial thrombosis

22/ Which of the following is the most likely cause of cardiac arrest following an electric
shock?

OA. Fright

OB. Low heart rate

OC. Low blood pressure

OD. Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation is a type of abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia).

23/ A therapist is evaluating a patient with chronic emphysema and mention in the file that
the patient is showing a barrel-shape chest deformity.

On which of the following, the therapist based this comment?

OA. Depression of the ribs Barrel chest happens when the lungs
become overfilled (hyperinflated) with air
OB. Widening of the intercostal spaces — like a balloon — as they work harder.

This keeps the rib cage open or expanded

OC. Narrowing of the intercostal spaces for a long time
OD. Decreasing the anterior diameter of the chest

24/ Which of the following is most likely to develop during exercise?

OA. Larger lung volume

OB. Larger diffusion capacities

OC. Tidal volume within normal

OD. Maximum minute ventilation

25/ A patient with Buerger's disease has been referred to a physical therapist to assist in
reducing leg pain.
Buerger's disease
Which of the following goals of treatment should be planned? (thromboangiitis obliterans) is
a rare disease that affects the
OA. Improving venous return blood vessels in your legs,
arms, feet and hands.
OB. Establishing collateral circulation

OC. Increasing strength of the calf muscles OD. Reducing muscle spasm to reduce pain

26/ A 60-year-old man underwent cardiac surgery yesterday. His SpO2, is currently 84, and
crackles are heard on breathing.

Which of the following is the most appropriate mouth position to perform forced
expiration?

OA. Any

OB. Open

OC. Close

OD. Alternate

27/ A 66-year-old man presented with dyspnoea and chronic fatigue. He was being managed
with oral steroids and an inhaler for his asthma. Physical examination revealed reduced left
lower chest movement. Chest physiotherapy has been recommended.

Which of the following is the most appropriate method to improve chest wall mobility?

OA. Purse lipped breathing

OB. Lateral basal expansion

OC. Deep breathing exercises

OD. Posterior basal expansion

28/ Which of the following is the main cause of adductor tendinopathy in sportsmen?

OA. Neuropathies

OB. Overuse injury

OC. Muscular weakness

OD. Congenital hip deformity

29/ A 21-year-old football player complains of right ankle pain after an ankle sprain.

What is the type of sports injury accounts for most sprained ankles?

OA. Eversion

OB. Inversion

OC. Dorsiflexion

OD. Dorsiflexion and Inversion

30/ A 20-year-old athlete is complaining that his knee locks, and he has to move it around to
unlock it.

Which of the following is th e most likely cause for his knee lock?

OA. Torn meniscus

OB. Chondral Lesion

OC. Patellar Subluxation

OD. Quadriceps Tendonitis

31/ A 24-year-old runner complained of sudden onset of pain in the calf. Upon examination
by the physical therapist at the same time of injury, calf muscles appeared to be intact, as
did the hamstrings. The knee was stable, and no tenderness was present over the knee
ligaments. The therapist advised the patient to get some rest, after 2 days of rest, the
symptoms disappeared, and the patient has been able to run pain-free for the last year.

Which of the following is the most likely injury?

Shin splints refer to the pain and tenderness
OA. Shin splints along or just behind the large bone in the
lower leg. They develop after hard exercise,
OB. Achilles tendonitis sports, or repetitive activity. Shin splints cause
pain on the front or outside of the shins or on
OC. Rupture of plantaris muscle the inside of the lower leg above the ankle.

OD. Rupture of the deep portion of soleus muscle

32/ A 26-year-old athlete twists a knee during a practice session.

During the assessment, the physiotherapist performs the Lachman test to check the stability
of which of the following?

OA. Anterior cruciate ligament

OB. Lateral collateral ligament

OC. Medial collateral ligament

OD. Posterior cruciate ligament

33/ Which of the following strains on the knee causes tears of the meniscus?

OA. Adduction

OB. Abduction

OC. Hyperextension

OD. Combined flexion and rotation

34/ An athlete developed recurrent ankle sprain following a twisting injury to the ankle.

Loss of which of the following is the most likely cause?

OA. Sensation

OB. Proprioception

OC. Muscle strength

OD. Ligament stretch

35/ A 28-year-old basketball player underwent knee injury a few days ago and referred to
the Rehabilitation Clinic for assessment. The therapist performs a test in the supine position.
The knee joint is held in 90-degree flexion by 1 hand, and the foot is held by the other hand
and rotates the leg medially and laterally.

Which of the following describes this particular test?

OA. Ober

OB. Faber

OC. Lachman

OD. McMurray

A criterion is a standard for judging something.

36/ Which of the following is the most appropriate criterion to initiate an active range of
motion in injury?

OA. Analgesia

OB. Stable joint

OC. Non-constant pain

OD. Absence of swelling

37/ Which of the following is the most appropriate on the third postoperative day after
anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?

OA. Stationary cycle, close chain exercise, elliptical trainer

OB. Close chain exercises, balance board, full weight-bearing

OC. Isometric exercise, partial weight-bearing, ankle pumping

OD. Patellar mobilization, open chain exercises, balance training

38/ Which of the following is the main rehabilitation goal for medial collateral ligament in
the minimum protection phase?

OA. Decrease pain

OB. Normalize gait

OC. Range of motion

OD. Increase strength

39/ A 19-year-old tennis player had severe training for several hours for the past 2 weeks.
He describes continuous pain over the lateral epicondyle and common extensor origin and
subsides with rest.

Which muscle-strengthening exercise is the most appropriate to be prescribed?

OA. Wrist flexor

OB. Wrist extensor

OC. Shoulder flexor

OD. Shoulder extensor

40/ A cerebral embolism can cause serious cerebrovascular accidents.

Which of the following is the main site of origin for cerebral emboli?

OA. Lungs A cerebral embolism is a blood clot (thrombus) that starts

from the HEART or blood vessel where the clot originates
OB. Heart and stops in an artery that leads to or rests within the brain.

OC. Superficial leg veins

OD. Cervical lymphatic system

41/ A 9-year-old patient with cerebral palsy was referred to physical therapy for assessment
and treatment. The referral note describes the patient as having severe torticollis to the left
side.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of this torticollis?

OA. Left sternocleidomastoid muscle weakness

OB. Left sternocleidomastoid muscle shortening

OC. Right sternocleidomastoid muscle weakness

OD. Right sternocleidomastoid muscle shortening

42/ A 28-year-old woman complained of progressive worsening of physical functions and

was diagnosed by her physician with multiple sclerosis.

Which of the following is the most appropriate regarding the immediate referral to physical
therapy?

OA. Recommended to avoid complications related to inactivity

OB. Delay physical therapy to avoid progression of the symptoms

OC. Delay physical therapy to avoid complications related to inactivity

OD. Recommended to avoid progression of the central nervous system (CNS) impairments

43/ A 45-year-old patient was complaining of tingling sensation and numbness on his 1st 2nd
and the radial half of the 3rd finger of his right hand. Median nerve = carpal tunnel

Examination showed that his right-hand grip strength was weak compared to his left hand.
No other symptoms were reported.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of the symptoms?

OA. Wrist arthritis

OB. Cervical radiculopathy Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is pressure on the

median nerve in your wrist. It causes tingling,
OC. Carpal tunnel syndrome numbness and pain in your hand and fingers.

OD. Ulnar nerve entrapment

44/ A 50-year-old suffering from a stroke was referred to a Physical Therapy Rehabilitation
Center. The treating physical therapist found that the patient is having visual disturbance,
contralateral homonymous field defect, memory disturbance, and contralateral sensory loss.

Which of the following cerebral arteries is most likely affected?

OA. Middle

OB. Lateral

OC. Anterior
PCA strokes will primarily cause a visual field loss or
OD. Posterior homonymous hemianopia to the opposite side.

45/ A therapist is evaluating the range of motion of a patient diagnosed as having

Parkinson's disease finds a smooth, uniform resistance to passive movement.

Which of the following is the scientific term used to describe the condition?
Lead-pipe rigidity is the term used to describe the hypertonicity felt in a
OA. Mutism parkinsonian limb throughout the range of movements of a joint.

OB. Spasticity
Lead pipe rigidity is defined as a constant resistance to
OC. Lead pipe rigidity motion throughout the entire range of movement.

OD. Cogwheel rigidity Cogwheel rigidity refers to resistance that stops and
starts as the limb is moved through its range of motion.

46/ Which of the following neurological conditions is associated with orofacial dysfunction?

OA. Paraplegia

OB. Parkinsonism

OC. Diabetic neuropathy

OD. Spinal cord lesion at the cervical area

47/ During the physical evaluation of a hemiplegic patient, the therapist determines that the
patient is unable to recognize the weight of any object.

What is the scientific term for this condition?

OA. Allesthesia

OB. Barognosis the ability to estimate or perceive differences in the weight of an ob

OC. Astereognosis

OD. Prosopagnosia
48/ When evaluating a patient with an upper motor neuron lesion, the therapist reads the
scientific term "rigidity" written in the patient's file.

What does this term mean?

OA. Muscle stiffness

OB. Decreased volume of speech

OC. Involuntary oscillation of the body

OD. Movements that are reduced in speed, amplitude, and range

49/ A therapist is evaluating a patient with an upper motor neuron lesion. During the
assessment, the therapist finds that the patient has a postural tremor associated with the
slowness of the movements.

Which of the following neurological disorders does this patient most likely have?

OA. Stroke

OB. Multiple sclerosis

OC. Parkinson's disease

OD. Motor neuron disease

50/ A 12-year-old patient is diagnosed as having facial palsy. During the physical assessment,
the therapist detected that the patient was unable to look horizontally toward the right side.

In which of the following muscles, the patient has a weakness?

O A. Lateral rectus

OB. Medial rectus

OC. Inferior oblique

OD. Superior oblique

51/ A 45-year-old patient with chronic neck pain, during the neurological examination, the
physiotherapist finds a dull response of the triceps reflex.

What does this reflex give information about spinal levels?

OA. C1-C3
The triceps reflex is mediated by the C6 and C7 nerve roots, predominantly by C7.
OB. C3-C4

OC. C4-C5

OD. C6-C8
52/ A 59-year-old patient comes to the Physical Therapy Clinic with left hemiplegia. The
physical therapist decides to do positioning for a spastic lower limb in the antispastic
pattern.

Which of the following positioning does the therapist have to refrain from?
to not let yourself do something
OA. Hip, knee and ankle flexion

OB. Protraction of hip with inward rotation

OC. Retraction of hip without inward rotation OD. Elongation of the trunk on the affected
side
chronic condition characterized by severe
burning pain, most often affecting one of the
extremities (arms, legs, HANDS, or feet).
53/ A 57-year-old patient diagnosed as reflex sympathetic dystrophy and referred to the
Outpatient Physical Therapy Clinic.

Which of the following is the most important line of treatment?

OA. Skincare to prevent trophic ulcer

OB. Vigorous mobilization of stiff joints

OC. Interruption of the sympathetic reflex arc OD. Strengthening of the hand muscle to
preventing wasting

54/ A 45-year-old patient with Parkinson's disease has been referred for physical therapy
and mobility exercise.

Which of the following exercise programs is the best for this patient?

OA. Isometric exercise training

OB. Strengthening of both flexors and extensors

OC. Strengthening of the weak elongated extensors and stretching of the rigid flexors

OD. Strengthening of the weak elongated flexors and stretching of the rigid extensors

55/ A 65-year-old patient who suffered a stroke has been referred to rehabilitation with a
request to improve stability.

Which therapeutic technique should be selected to improve the patient's stability?

OA. Slow reversal hold

OB. Rhythmic initiation

OC. Placing and holding

OD. Alternating isometrics

56/ A 35-year-old patient with drop foot due to S1-S2 injury referred to the Rehabilitation
Clinic; the therapist needs to improve foot clearance during gait training.

What is the proper intervention to improve gait pattern?

OA. Ankle foot orthosis

OB. Ankle pump exercise

OC. Proprioceptive exercise

OD. Knee ankle-foot orthosis

57/ A 48-year-old patient with epilepsy was referred to the Outpatient Physical Therapy
Clinic with Dupuytren's contracture for treatment.

Which splint is used to prevent this contracture?

OA. Knee It is a HAND deformity that usually develops over years.

OB. Hand The condition affects a layer of tissue that lies under the skin of your palm.
Knots of tissue form under the skin — eventually creating a thick cord that
can pull one or more fingers into a bent position.
OC. Elbow

OD. Ankle

58/ Which of the following is another name of tuberculosis of the spine?

OA. Still's disease

OB. Pott's disease

OC. Little's disease

OD. Legg-Calvé Perthes disease

59/ A 22-year-old patient was referred to the Physical Therapy Clinic for Anterior Cruciate
Ligament (ACL) reconstruction rehabilitation. MMT of knee extension showed that the
patient was able to extend his knee against minimal resistance for the full range of motion
but not against maximal resistance.

What is the appropriate Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) grade for this knee extension?

OA. Grade 2

OB. Grade 3

OC. Grade 4

OD. Grade 5
60/ Which area is affected by Volkmann's contracture?

OA. Affects the palmar fascia

Volkmann contracture is a deformity of the hand, fingers, and
OB. Follows ulnar nerve palsy wrist caused by injury to the muscles of the forearm.

OC. Affects the forearm flexor muscles

OD. Scars the skin of the axilla and upper arm

61/ A 63-year-old patient with lower back pain that started a year ago was referred to the
Physical Therapy Clinic for assessment and treatment. The therapist found tightness of a
group of muscles that predisposes to the development of the pain.
‫ﯾﮭﯿﺊ‬
Which of the following is the most likely group of muscles?

OA. Quadriceps

OB. Hamstrings

OC. Gastrocnemius

OD. Tibialis anterior

62/ A 27-year-old man presents to the Physical Therapy Department with pain and swelling
(see report).

X-ray: Burst fracture.

Which of the following is the most likely affected area?

OA. Talus

OB. Scaphoid
A burst fracture is an injury in which the vertebra, the
OC. Vertebral primary bone of the spine, breaks in multiple directions.

OD. Femoral head

63/ A 27-year-old man presents to the Physical Therapy Department with pain, redness and
fever on the leg. He has been diagnosed with osteomyelitis (see report).

X-ray: Brodies abscess.

Which is the following is the most likely form of osteomyelitis?

OA. Acute

OB. Chronic

OC. Subacute

OD. Tubercular
*64/ Hip fractures are classified according to their location (see image).

Which of the following is the name given to the fracture site labeled as “4" in the figure?

OA. Subcapital

OB. Basicervical

OC. Subtrochanteric

OD. Intertrochanteric

65/ What does the tightness of the low back muscle produce?

OA. Lateral pelvic tilt and scoliosis

OB. Anterior tilt of the pelvis and lordosis Round Shouldered Posture (Kyphosis) is a muscular
imbalance that causes forward roundness of the LOW
OC. Posterior tilt of the pelvis and lordosis BACK (flexion of the lumbar spine on the pelvis),
increased round shoulder posture (thoracic flexion),
OD. Anterior tilt of the pelvis and kyphosis and forward head tilt (cervical flexion).

*66/ Which of the following orthopedic tests is suitable for evaluating the weakness of hip
abductors (see image)?

OA. Ober

OB. Thomas

OC. Lachman

OD. Trendelenburg Trendelenburg gait is an abnormal gait resulting

from a defective hip ABDUCTOR mechanism.

67/ A patient has been referred to a therapist complaining of neck pain, nerve root
compression, sensation changes over the middle finger and weakness of triceps.

What is the nerve root that is compressed?

OA. C6

OB. C7

OC. C5

OD. C3
68/ A 31-year-old patient is undergoing physical therapy examination following complaints
of pain in the right buttock and thigh area. The physiotherapist finds a local tenderness at
the ischial tuberosity and pain on resisted knee flexion.

Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

OA. Hamstring strain a sudden, sharp pain in the back of your thigh.
You might also feel a "popping" or tearing sensation.
OB. Sportsman's hernia

OC. Tightness in the hip flexors

OD. Osteoarthritis of the hip joint

*69/ A 34-year-old man with long-standing low back pain is referred to a Physiotherapy
Clinic for pain management. Physical examination reveals sensory loss on the dorsal aspect
of the foot as shown in the figure (see image).

Which of the following spinal levels is involved?

OA. L2

OB. L3

OC. L5

OD. S1

70/ A 32-year-old patient with a chronic shoulder pain. Examination reveals excessive
internal rotation of the shoulders and winging of the scapula during overhead motion.

Which of the following is the best approach for helping this patient?

OA. Strengthening of the rhomboids and stretching of the upper trapezius

OB. Strengthening of the pectoral muscles and the upper trapezius muscles

OC. Stretching of the upper trapezius and strengthening the middle and lower trapezius

OD. Stretching of pectoral muscles and strengthening the middle and lower trapezius

71/ A Milwaukee brace is used for the management of which of the following?
The purpose of the Milwaukee brace is to stabilize
OA. Scoliosis and prevent progression of a deformity in the spine.

OB. Tennis elbow

OC. Sacroiliac strain

OD. Phantom pain after above-knee amputation

 the tip or tongue-like projection of
the upper lobe of the LEFT lung
72/ A patient with cystic fibrosis has a great amount of secretion at the lingula.

What is the ideal position that the therapist should put the patient in to drain this secretion?

OA. Prone

OB. Supine

OC. Semi-lying

OD. Side-lying on the right side

73/ A 58-year-old woman presented with severe hip pain. She has been taking steroids for
her dermatomyositis. A CT scan hip confirmed avascular necrosis of femoral neck with an
impacted fracture.

There is a 2 cm leg-length discrepancy.

Which of the following is the most appropriate intervention to reduce hip pain?

OA. Shoe raise

OB. Walking stick

OC. Shortwave diathermy

OD. Modified seating system

74/ A 67-year-old patient with lower back pain referred to the Physical Therapy Clinic for
assessment and treatment. The therapist decided to start with the 1st performance of the
pelvic tilt exercise.

Which of the following positions was performed?

OA. Sitting

OB. Standing

OC. Lying supine on a firm surface

OD. Lying supine on a soft surface

75/ A 33-year-old patient with a reconstruction of massive tear of the rotator cuff. The
Physical Therapist decided to initiate the full active shoulder flexion.

Which of the following is the most appropriate prescribed time in weeks to initiate the
movement?

OA. 1

OB. 2

OC. 3

OD. 6
(6)

(16)
(23)

(7)
(69)
 (64)

(9)
(66)