Conversion

Traditional
Traditional Factor, SI Reference
Name Specimen Reference SI Units
Units Multiply Interval
Interval
Divide
Acetaminophen (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 10-30 μg/mL 6.62 70-200 μmol/L
Acetoacetic acid Serum, plasma <1 mg/dL 0.098 <0.1 mmol/L
Acetone Serum, plasma <2.0 mg/dL 0.172 <0.34 mmol/L
Acetylcholinesterase Red blood cells 5-10 U/mL 1 5-10 U/L
Activated partial
Whole blood 25-40 s 1 25-40 s
thromboplastin time (APTT)
Adenosine deaminasea Serum 11.5-25.0 U/L 0.017 0.20-0.43 μKat/L
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) (see corticotropin)
Alanineb (adult) Plasma 1.87-5.88 mg/dL 112.2 210-661 μmol/day
Alanine aminotransferase
Serum 10-40 U/L 1 10-40 U/L
(ALT, SGPT)b
Albuminb Serum 3.5-5.0 g/dL 10 35-50 g/L
Alcohol (see ethanol, isopropanol, methanol)
Alcohol dehydrogenasea Serum <2.8 U/L 0.017 <0.05 μKat/L
Aldolasea,b Serum 1.0-7.5 U/L 0.017 0.02-0.13 μKat/L
Aldosteroneb (upright) Plasma 7-30 ng/dL 0.0277 0.19-0.83 nmol/L
Aldosterone Urine, 24 h 3-20 μg/24 h 2.77 8-55 nmol/day
Alkaline phosphataseb Serum 50-120 U/L 1 50-120 U/L
α1-Acid glycoprotein Serum 50-120 mg/dL 0.01 0.5-1.2 g/L
α2-Macroglobulin Serum 130-300 mg/dL 0.01 1.3-3.0 g/L
Alprazolam (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 10-50 ng/mL 3.24 32-162 nmol/L
Aluminum Serum, plasma <6 ng/mL 37.06 0.0-222.4 nmol/L
Amikacin (therapeutic, peak) Serum, plasma 20-30 μg/mL 1.71 34-52 μmol/L
Amino acid fractionation
Alanineb Plasma 1.87-5.89 mg/dL 112.2 210-661 μmol/L
α-Aminobutyric acidb Plasma 0.08-0.36 mg/dL 97 8-35 μmol/L
Arginineb Plasma 0.37-2.40 mg/dL 57.4 21-138 μmol/L
Asparagineb Plasma 0.40-0.91 mg/dL 75.7 30-69 μmol/L
 Aspartic acidb Plasma <0.3 mg/dL 75.1 <25 μmol/L
Citrullineb Plasma 0.2-1.0 mg/dL 57.1 12-55 μmol/L
Cystineb Plasma 0.40-1.40 mg/dL 83.3 33-117 μmol/L
Glutamic acidb Plasma 0.2-2.8 mg/dL 67.97 15-190 μmol/L
Glutamineb Plasma 6.1-10.2 mg/dL 68.42 420-700 μmol/L
Glycineb Plasma 0.9-4.2 mg/dL 133.3 120-560 μmol/L
Histidineb Plasma 0.5-1.7 mg/dL 64.5 32-110 μmol/L
Hydroxyprolineb Plasma <0.55 mg/dL 76.3 <42 μmol/L
Isoleucineb Plasma 0.5-1.3 mg/dL 76.24 40-100 μmol/L
Leucineb Plasma 1.0-2.3 mg/dL 76.3 75-175 μmol/L
Lysineb Plasma 1.2-3.5 mg/dL 68.5 80-240 μmol/L
Methionineb Plasma 0.1-0.6 mg/dL 67.1 6-40 μmol/L
Ornithineb Plasma 0.4-1.4 mg/dL 75.8 30-106 μmol/L
Phenylalanineb Plasma 0.6-1.5 mg/dL 60.5 35-90 μmol/L
Prolineb Plasma 1.2-3.9 mg/dL 86.9 104-340 μmol/L
Serineb Plasma 0.7-2.0 mg/dL 95.2 65-193 μmol/L
Taurineb Plasma 0.3-2.1 mg/dL 80 24-168 μmol/L
Threonineb Plasma 0.9-2.5 mg/dL 84 75-210 μmol/L
Tryptophanb Plasma 0.5-1.5 mg/dL 48.97 25-73 μmol/L
Tyrosineb Plasma 0.4-1.6 mg/dL 55.19 20-90 μmol/L
Valineb Plasma 1.7-3.7 mg/dL 85.5 145-315 μmol/L
α-Aminobutyric acidb Plasma 0.08-0.36 mg/dL 97 8-35 μmol/L
Amiodarone (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 0.5-2.5 μg/mL 1.55 0.8-3.9 μmol/L
δ-Aminolevulinic acid Urine 1.0-7.0 mg/24 h 7.626 8-53 μmol/day
Amitriptyline (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 80-250 ng/mL 3.61 289-903 nmol/L
Ammonia (as NH3)b Plasma 15-50 μg/dL 0.714 11-35 μmol/L
Amobarbital (therapeutic) Serum 1-5 μg/mL 4.42 4-22 μmol/L
Amoxapine (therapeutic) Plasma 200-600 ng/mL 1 200-600 μg/L
Amylasea,b Serum 27-130 U/L 0.017 0.46-2.21 μKat/L
Androstenedione,b male Serum 75-205 ng/dL 0.0349 2.6-7.2 nmol/L
Androstenedione,b female Serum 85-275 ng/dL 0.0349 3.0-9.6 nmol/L
Angiotensin I Plasma <25 pg/mL 1 <25 ng/L
 Angiotensin II Plasma 10-60 pg/mL 1 10-60 ng/L
Angiotensin-converting
Serum 8-52 U/L 0.017 0.14-0.88 μKat/L
enzyme (ACE)a,b
Anion gap (Na+)−(Cl− +
Serum, plasma 8-16 mEq/L 1 8-16 nmol/L
HCO3−)
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH,
vasopressin) (varies with Plasma 1-5 pg/mL 0.926 0.9-4.6 pmol/L
osmolality: 285-290 mOsm/kg)
α2-Antiplasmin Plasma 80-130 % 0.01 0.8-1.3 Fraction of 1.0
Antithrombin III Plasma 21-30 mg/dL 10 210-300 mg/L
Antithrombin III activity Plasma 80-130 % 0.01 0.8-1.3 Fraction of 1.0
α1-Antitrypsin Serum 80-200 mg/dL 0.01 0.8-2.0 g/L
b
Apolipoprotein A
Male Serum 80-151 mg/dL 0.01 0.8-1.5 g/L
Female Serum 80-170 mg/dL 0.01 0.8-1.7 g/L
b
Apolipoprotein B
Male Serum, plasma 50-123 mg/dL 0.01 0.5-1.2 g/L
Female Serum, plasma 25-120 mg/dL 0.01 0.25-1.20 g/L
Arginine b
Plasma 0.37-2.40 mg/dL 57.4 21-138 μmol/L
Arsenic (As) Whole blood <23 μg/L 0.0133 <0.31 μmol/L
Arsenic (As), chronic
Whole blood 100-500 μg/L 0.0133 1.33-6.65 μmol/L
poisoning
Arsenic (As), acute poisoning Whole blood 600-9300 μg/L 0.0133 7.9-123.7 μmol/L
Ascorbate, ascorbic acid (see
vitamin C)
Asparagineb Plasma 0.40-0.91 mg/dL 75.7 30-69 μmol/L
Aspartate aminotransferase
Serum 20-48 U/L 0.017 0.34-0.82 μKat/L
(AST, SGOT)a,b
Aspartic acidb Plasma <0.3 mg/dL 75.1 <25 μmol/L
Atrial natriuretic hormone Plasma 20-77 pg/mL 1 20-77 ng/L
Barbiturates (see individual drugs; pentobarbital, phenobarbital, thiopental)
Basophils (see complete blood count, white blood cell count)
Benzodiazepines (see individual drugs; alprazolam, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, lorazepam)
 Beryllium, toxic Urine >20 μg/L 0.111 >2.22 μmol/L
Bicarbonate Plasma 21-28 mEq/L 1 21-28 mmol/L
Bile acids (total) Serum 0.3-2.3 μg/mL 2.448 0.73-5.63 μmol/L
Bilirubin
Totalb Serum 0.3-1.2 mg/dL 17.1 2-18 μmol/L
Direct (conjugated) Serum <0.2 mg/dL 17.1 <3.4 μmol/L
Whole blood,
Biotin 200-500 pg/mL 0.0041 0.82-2.05 nmol/L
serum
Bismuth Whole blood 1-12 μg/L 4.785 4.8-57.4 nmol/L
Blood gases
PCO2 Arterial blood 35-45 mm Hg 1 35-45 mm Hg
pH Arterial blood 7.35-7.45 — 1 7.35-7.45 —
PO2 Arterial blood 80-100 mm Hg 1 80-100 mm Hg
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN, see urea nitrogen)
BNP Plasma <100 pg/mL 1 <100 pg/mL
Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban) Serum, plasma 25-100 ng/mL 3.62 91-362 nmol/L
C1 esterase inhibitor Serum 12-30 mg/dL 0.01 0.12-0.30 g/L
C3 complement b
Serum 1200-1500 μg/mL 0.001 1.2-1.5 g/L
C4 complement b
Serum 350-600 μg/mL 0.001 0.35-0.60 g/L
CA125 Serum <35 U/mL 1.0 <35 kU/L
CA19-9 Serum <37 U/mL 1.0 <37 kU/L
CA15-3 Serum <30 U/mL 1.0 <30 kU/L
CA27.29 Serum <37.7 U/mL 1.0 <37.7 kU/L
Cadmium (nonsmoker) Whole blood 0.3-1.2 μg/L 8.897 2.7-10.7 nmol/L
Caffeine (therapeutic, infants) Serum, plasma 8-20 μg/mL 5.15 41-103 μmol/L
Calciferol (see vitamin D)
Calcitonin Serum, plasma <19 pg/mL 1 <19 ng/L
Calcium, ionized Serum 4.60-5.08 mg/dL 0.25 1.15-1.27 mmol/L
Calcium, total Serum 8.2-10.2 mg/dL 0.25 2.05-2.55 mmol/L
Calcium, normal diet Urine <250 mg/24 h 0.025 <6.2 mmol/day
Carbamazepine (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 8-12 μg/mL 4.23 34-51 μmol/L
Carbon dioxide Serum, plasma, 22-28 mEq/L 1 22-28 mmol/L
 venous blood
Carboxyhemoglobin (carbon monoxide), as fraction of hemoglobin saturation
Nonsmoker Whole blood <2.0 % 0.01 <0.02 Fraction of 1.0
Toxic Whole blood >20 % 0.01 >0.2 Fraction of 1.0
β-Carotene Serum 10-85 μg/dL 0.0186 0.2-1.6 μmol/L
Catecholamines, total (see norepinephrine)
CEA, nonsmoker Serum <3 ng/mL 1.0 <3 μg/L
CEA, smoker Serum <5 ng/mL 1.0 <5 μg/L
b
Ceruloplasmin Serum 20-40 mg/dL 10 200-400 mg/L
Chloramphenicol (therapeutic) Serum 10-25 μg/mL 3.1 31-77 μmol/L
Chlordiazepoxide (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 0.7-1.0 μg/mL 3.34 2.3-3.3 μmol/L
Chloride Serum, plasma 96-106 mEq/L 1 96-106 mmol/L
Chloride CSF 118-132 mEq/L 1 118-132 mmol/L
Chlorpromazine (therapeutic,
Plasma 50-300 ng/mL 3.14 157-942 nmol/L
adult)
Chlorpromazine (therapeutic,
Plasma 40-80 ng/mL 3.14 126-251 nmol/L
child)
Chlorpropamide (therapeutic) Plasma 75-250 mg/L 3.61 270-900 μmol/L
Cholesterol, high-density
Plasma 40-60 mg/dL 0.02586 1.03-1.55 mmol/L
lipoproteins (HDL)
Cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL)b
Optimal Plasma <100 mg/dL 0.02586 <2.59 mmol/L
Near optimal Plasma 100-129 mg/dL 0.02586 2.59-3.34 mmol/L
Borderline high Plasma 130-159 mg/dL 0.02586 3.37-4.12 mmol/L
High Plasma 160-189 mg/dL 0.02586 4.15-4.90 mmol/L
Very high Plasma >190 mg/dL 0.02586 >4.90 mmol/L
Cholesterol (total), adult
Desirable Serum <200 mg/dL 0.02586 <5.17 mmol/L
Borderline high Serum 200-239 mg/dL 0.02586 5.17-6.18 mmol/L
High Serum >240 mg/dL 0.02586 >6.21 mmol/L
Cholesterol (total), children
Desirable Serum <170 mg/dL 0.02586 4.40 mmol/L
 Borderline high Serum 170-199 mg/dL 0.02586 4.40-5.15 mmol/L
High Serum >200 mg/dL 0.02586 >5.18 mmol/L
Chromium Whole blood 0.7-28.0 μg/L 19.2 13.4-538.6 nmol/L
Citrate Serum 1.2-3.0 mg/dL 52.05 60-160 μmol/L
Citrullineb Plasma 0.4-2.4 mg/dL 57.1 20-135 μmol/L
Clonazepam (therapeutic) Serum 15-60 ng/mL 3.17 48-190 nmol/L
Coagulation factor I
Plasma 150-400 mg/dL 0.01 1.5-4.0 g/L
(fibrinogen)
Coagulation factor II
Plasma 60-140 % 0.01 0.60-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
(prothrombin)
Coagulation factor V Plasma 60-140 % 0.01 0.60-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Coagulation factor VII Plasma 60-140 % 0.01 0.60-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Coagulation factor VIII Plasma 50-200 % 0.01 0.50-2.00 Fraction of 1.0
Coagulation factor IX Plasma 60-140 % 0.01 0.60-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Coagulation factor X Plasma 60-140 % 0.01 0.60-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Coagulation factor XI Plasma 60-140 % 0.01 0.60-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Coagulation factor XII Plasma 60-140 % 0.01 0.60-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Cobalt Serum <1.0 μg/L 16.97 <17 nmol/L
Codeine (therapeutic) Serum 10-100 ng/mL 3.34 33-334 nmol/L
Complete blood count (CBC)
Hematocritb
Male Whole blood 41-50 % 0.01 0.41-0.50 Fraction of 1.0
Female Whole blood 35-45 % 0.01 0.35-0.45 Fraction of 1.0
Hemoglobin (mass
concentration)b
Male Whole blood 13.5-17.5 g/dL 10 135-175 g/L
Female Whole blood 12.0-15.5 g/dL 10 120-155 g/L
Hemoglobin (substance concentration, Hb [Fe])
Male Whole blood 13.6-17.2 g/dL 0.6206 8.44-10.65 mmol/L
Female Whole blood 12.0-15.0 g/dL 0.6206 7.45-9.30 mmol/L
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
Whole blood 27-33 pg/cell 1 27-33 pg/cell
(MCH), mass concentrationb
MCH, substance concentration,
Whole blood 27-33 pg/cell 0.06206 1.70-2.05 fmol
Hb [Fe]
Mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentration (MCHC), mass Whole blood 33-37 g Hb/dL 10 330-370 g Hb/L
concentration
MCHC, substance
Whole blood 33-37 g Hb/dL 0.6206 20-23 mmol/L
concentration, Hb [Fe]
Mean cell volume (MCV)b Whole blood 80-100 μm3 1 80-100 fL
Platelet count Whole blood 150-450 103 μL−1 1 150-450 109 L−1
Red blood cell count
Female Whole blood 3.9-5.5 106 μL−1 1 3.9-5.5 1012 L−1
Male Whole blood 4.6-6.0 106 μL−1 1 4.6-6.0 1012 L−1
Reticulocyte countb Whole blood 25-75 103 μL−1 1 25-75 109 L−1
Fraction of
Reticulocyte countb (fraction) Whole blood 0.5-1.5 % of RBCs 0.01 0.005-0.015
RBCs
White blood cell countb Whole blood 4.5-11.0 103 μL−1 1 4.5-11.0 109 L−1
b
Differential count (absolute)
Neutrophils Whole blood 1800-7800 μL−1 1 1.8-7.8 109 L−1
−1
Bands Whole blood 0-700 μL 1 0.00-0.70 109 L−1
−1
Lymphocytes Whole blood 1000-4800 μL 1 1.0-4.8 109 L−1
−1
Monocytes Whole blood 0-800 μL 1 0.00-0.80 109 L−1
−1
Eosinophils Whole blood 0-450 μL 1 0.00-0.45 109 L−1
−1
Basophils Whole blood 0-200 μL 1 0.00-0.20 109 L−1
b
Differential count (number fraction)
Neutrophils Whole blood 56 % 0.01 0.56 Fraction of 1.0
Bands Whole blood 3 % 0.01 0.03 Fraction of 1.0
Lymphocytes Whole blood 34 % 0.01 0.34 Fraction of 1.0
Monocytes Whole blood 4 % 0.01 0.04 Fraction of 1.0
Eosinophils Whole blood 2.7 % 0.01 0.027 Fraction of 1.0
Basophils Whole blood 0.3 % 0.01 0.003 Fraction of 1.0
Copperb Serum 70-140 μg/dL 0.1574 11.0-22.0 μmol/L
Coproporphyrin Urine <200 μg/24 h 1.527 <300 nmol/day
 Corticotropinb (08:00) Plasma <120 pg/mL 0.22 <26 pmol/L
Cortisol, totalb
08:00 Plasma 5-25 μg/dL 27.6 138-690 nmol/L
16:00 Plasma 3-16 μg/dL 27.6 83-442 nmol/L
<50% of
20:00 Plasma μg/dL 1 <50% of 08:00 nmol/L
08:00
Cortisol, freeb Urine 30-100 μg/24 h 2.76 80-280 nmol/day
Cotinine (smoker) Plasma 16-145 ng/mL 5.68 91-823 nmol/L
C-peptide Serum 0.5-3.5 ng/mL 0.333 0.17-1.17 nmol/L
Creatine, male Serum 0.2-0.7 mg/dL 76.3 15.3-53.3 μmol/L
Creatine, female Serum 0.3-0.9 mg/dL 76.3 22.9-68.6 μmol/L
Creatine kinase (CK)a Serum 50-200 U/L 0.017 0.85-3.40 μKat/L
CK-MB fraction Serum <6 % 0.01 <0.06 Fraction of 1.0
Creatinineb Serum, plasma 0.6-1.2 mg/dL 88.4 53-106 μmol/L
Creatinine Urine 1-2 g/24 h 8.84 8.8-17.7 mmol/day
Creatinine clearance, mL/min/1.73
Serum, urine 75-125 0.00963 0.72-1.2 mL/s/m2
glomerular filtration rate m2
C-telopeptide
Men Serum, plasma 60-700 pg/mL 1 60-700 pg/mL
Premenopausal women Serum, plasma 40-465 pg/mL 1 40-465 pg/mL
Cyanide (toxic) Whole blood >1.0 μg/mL 38.4 >38.4 μmol/L
Cyanocobalamin (see vitamin
B12)
Cyclic adenosine
Plasma 4.6-8.6 ng/mL 3.04 14-26 nmol/L
monophosphate (cAMP)
Cyclosporine (toxic) Whole blood >400 ng/mL 0.832 >333 nmol/L
Cystineb Plasma 0.40-1.40 mg/dL 83.3 33-117 μmol/L
Negative
D-dimer Plasma ng/mL 1 Negative (<500) ng/mL
(<500)
Dehydroepiandrosterone
Plasma, serum 180-1250 ng/dL 0.0347 6.2-43.3 nmol/L
(DHEA) (unconjugated, male)b
Dehydroepiandrosterone
Plasma, serum 10-619 μg/dL 0.027 0.3-16.7 μmol/L
sulfate (DHEA-S) (male)b
 Desipramine (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 50-200 ng/mL 3.75 170-700 nmol/L
Diazepam (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 100-1000 ng/mL 0.00351 0.35-3.51 μmol/L
Digoxin (therapeutic) Plasma 0.5-2.0 ng/mL 1.281 0.6-2.6 nmol/L
Disopyramide (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 2.8-7.0 mg/L 2.95 8-21 μmol/L
Doxepin (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 150-250 ng/mL 3.58 540-890 nmol/L
Electrolytes
Chloride Serum, plasma 96-106 mEq/L 1 96-106 mmol/L
Serum, plasma,
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 22-28 mEq/L 1 22-28 mmol/L
venous blood
Potassium Plasma 3.5-5.0 mEq/L 1 3.5-5.0 mmol/L
Sodiumb Plasma 136-142 mEq/L 1 136-142 mmol/L
Eosinophils (see complete blood count, white blood cell count)
Epinephrine (supine) Plasma <50 pg/mL 5.46 <273 pmol/L
Epinephrineb Urine <20 μg/24 h 5.46 <109 nmol/day
Erythrocyte count (see complete blood count, red blood cell count)
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Whole blood 0-20 mm/h 1 0-20 mm/h
(ESR)b
Erythropoietin Serum 5-36 mU/mL 1 5-36 IU/L
Estradiol (E2,
unconjugated),bfemale
Follicular phase Serum 20-350 pg/mL 3.69 73-1285 pmol/L
Midcycle peak Serum 150-750 pg/mL 3.69 551-2753 pmol/L
Luteal phase Serum 30-450 pg/mL 3.69 110-1652 pmol/L
Postmenopausal Serum <59 pg/mL 3.69 <218 pmol/L
Estradiol (unconjugated),b male Serum <20 pg/mL 3.67 <184 pmol/L
Estriol (E3, unconjugated),
males and nonpregnant
Serum <2 ng/mL 3.47 <6.9 nmol/L
females, varies with length of
gestation
Estrogens (total),b female
Follicular phase Serum 60-200 pg/mL 1 60-200 ng/L
Luteal phase Serum 160-400 pg/mL 1 160-400 ng/L
 Postmenopausal Serum <130 pg/mL 1 <130 ng/L
Estrogens (total),b male Serum 20-80 pg/mL 1 20-80 ng/L
Estrone (E1),b female
Follicular phase Plasma, serum 100-250 pg/mL 3.69 370-925 pmol/L
Luteal phase Plasma, serum 15-200 pg/mL 3.69 55-740 pmol/L
Postmenopausal Plasma, serum 15-55 pg/mL 3.69 55-204 pmol/L
Estrone (E1),b male Plasma, serum 15-65 pg/mL 3.69 55-240 pmol/L
Serum, whole
Ethanol (ethyl alcohol), toxic >100 mg/dL 0.2171 >21.7 mmol/L
blood
Ethosuximide Plasma, serum 40-100 μg/mL 7.08 283-708 μmol/L
Ethylene glycol (toxic) Plasma, serum >30 mg/dL 0.1611 >5 mmol/L
Everolimus Whole blood 3-15 ng/mL 1.04 3-16 nmol/L
Fatty acids (nonesterified) Plasma 8-25 mg/dL 0.0354 0.28-0.89 mmol/L
Fecal fat (as stearic acid) Stool 2.0-6.0 g/day 1 2-6 g/day
Felbamate Serum, plasma 30-60 μg/mL 4.20 126-252 μmol/L
Ferritinb Plasma 15-200 ng/mL 1 15-200 μg/L
α-Fetoproteinb Serum <10 ng/mL 1 <10 μg/L
Fibrinogen Plasma 150-400 mg/dL 0.01 1.5-4.0 g/L
Fibrin breakdown products
Serum <10 μg/mL 1 <10 mg/L
(fibrin split products)
Folate (folic acid) Red blood cells 166-640 ng/mL 2.266 376-1450 nmol/L
Folate (folic acid) Serum 5-25 ng/mL 2.266 11-57 nmol/L
b
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, follitropin), female
Follicular phase Serum 1.37-9.9 mIU/mL 1 1.3-9.9 IU/L
Ovulatory phase Serum 6.17-17.2 mIU/mL 1 6.1-17.2 IU/L
Luteal phase Serum 1.09-9.2 mIU/mL 1 1.0-9.2 IU/L
Postmenopausal Serum 19.3-100.6 mIU/mL 1 19.3-100.6 IU/L
FSH (follitropin),b male Serum 1.42-15.4 mIU/mL 1 1.4-15.4 IU/L
FSH (follitropin),b female Urine 2-15 IU/24 h 1 2-15 IU/day
FSH (follitropin),b male Urine 3-12 IU/24 h 1 3-11 IU/day
Fructosamineb Serum 1.5-2.7 mmol/L 1 1.5-2.7 mmol/L
Gabapentin Serum, plasma 2-20 μg/mL 5.84 12-117 μmol/L
 Gastrin (fasting) Serum <100 pg/mL 1 <100 ng/L
Gentamicin (therapeutic, peak) Serum 6-10 μg/mL 2.1 12-21 μmol/L
b
Glucagon Plasma 20-100 pg/mL 1 20-100 ng/L
b
Glucose Serum, plasma 70-110 mg/dL 0.05551 3.9-6.1 mmol/L
Glucose CSF 50-80 mg/dL 0.05551 2.8-4.4 mmol/L
Glucose-6-phosphate
Red blood cells 10-14 U/g of Hb 0.0645 0.65-0.90 U/mol of Hb
dehydrogenase
Glutamic acidb Plasma 0.2-2.8 mg/dL 67.97 15-190 μmol/L
Glutamine Plasma 6.1-10.2 mg/dL 68.42 420-700 μmol/L
γ-Glutamyltransferase (GGT; γ-glutamyl transpeptidase)b
Female Serum <30 U/L 0.017 0.51 μKat/L
Male Serum <50 U/L 0.017 <0.85 μKat/L
b
Glycerol (free) Serum <1.5 mg/dL 0.1086 <0.16 mmol/L
Glycine b
Plasma 0.9-4.2 mg/dL 133.3 120-560 μmol/L
Glycated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1, A1c)
Fraction of total
Whole blood Whole blood 4-5.6 % of total Hb 1 4-5.6
Hb
Fraction of total
Diagnosis Whole blood >6.5 % of total Hb 1 >6.5
Hb
Gold (therapeutic) Serum 100-200 μg/dL 0.05077 5.1-10.2 μmol/L
Growth hormone, adult (GH,
Plasma, serum <10 ng/mL 1 <10 μg/L
somatotropin)b
Haloperidol (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 5-20 ng/mL 2.6 13-52 nmol/L
Haptoglobinb Serum 40-180 mg/dL 0.01 0.4-1.8 g/L
Hematocrit (see complete blood count)
Hemoglobin (see complete blood count)
Hemoglobin A1c (see glycated hemoglobin)
Hemoglobin A2b Whole blood 2.0-3.5 % total Hb 2.0-3.5 Fraction of 1.0
Hemoglobin Fb (fetal
Whole blood <2 % 0.01 <2 Fraction of 1.0
hemoglobin in adult)
Histidineb Plasma 0.5-1.7 mg/dL 64.5 32-110 μmol/L
Homocysteine (total) Plasma, serum 4-12 μmol/L 1 4-12 μmol/L
 Homovanillic acidb Urine <8 mg/24 h 5.489 <45 μmol/day
Human chorionic gonadotropin
(hCG) (nonpregnant adult Serum <3 mIU/mL 1 <3 IU/L
female)
β-Hydroxybutyric acid Serum 0.21-2.81 mg/dL 96.05 20-270 μmol/L
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-
Urine <25 mg/24 h 5.23 <131 μmol/day
HIAA)
17α-
Hydroxyprogesterone,bfemale
Follicular phase Serum 15-70 ng/dL 0.03 0.4-2.1 nmol/L
Luteal phase Serum 35-290 ng/dL 0.03 1.0-8.7 nmol/L
Postmenopausal Serum <70 ng/dL 0.03 <2.1 nmol/L
17α-
Serum 27-199 ng/dL 0.03 0.8-6.0 nmol/L
Hydroxyprogesterone,bmale
Hydroxyproline Plasma <0.55 mg/dL 76.3 <42 μmol/L
5-Hydroxytryptamine (see
serotonin)
Ibuprofen (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 10-50 μg/mL 4.85 49-243 μmol/L
Imipramine (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 150-250 ng/mL 3.57 536-893 nmol/L
b
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) Serum 50-350 mg/dL 0.01 0.5-3.5 g/L
Immunoglobulin D (IgD) Serum 0.5-3.0 mg/dL 10 5-30 mg/L
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Serum 10-179 IU/mL 2.4 24-430 μg/L
b
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Serum 600-1560 mg/dL 0.01 6.0-15.6 g/L
b
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) Serum 54-222 mg/dL 0.01 0.5-2.2 g/L
Insulin Plasma 5-20 μU/mL 6.945 34.7-138.9 pmol/L
Inhibin A
Males Serum 1.0-3.6 pg/mL 1 1.0-3.6 ng/L
Female, early follicular Serum 5.5-28.2 pg/mL 1 5.5-28.2 ng/L
Female, late follicular Serum 19.5-102.3 pg/mL 1 19.5-102.3 ng/L
Female, midcycle Serum 49.9-155.5 pg/mL 1 49.9-155.5 ng/L
Female, midluteal Serum 13.2-159.6 pg/mL 1 13.2-159.6 ng/L
Female, postmenopausal Serum 1.0-3.9 pg/mL 1 1.0-3.9 ng/L
 Insulin C-peptide (see C-
peptide)
Insulin-like growth factorb Serum 130-450 ng/mL 1 130-450 μg/L
Ionized calcium (see calcium)
Iron (total)b Serum 60-150 μg/dL 0.179 10.7-26.9 μmol/L
Iron-binding capacity Serum 250-400 μg/dL 0.179 44.8-71.6 μmol/L
Isoleucine b
Plasma 0.5-1.3 mg/dL 76.24 40-100 μmol/L
Isoniazid (therapeutic) Plasma or serum 1-7 μg/mL 7.29 7-51 μmol/L
Isopropanol (toxic) Plasma, serum >400 mg/L 0.0166 >6.64 mmol/L
Lactate (lactic acid) Arterial blood 3-11.3 mg/dL 0.111 0.3-1.3 mmol/L
Lactate (lactic acid) Venous blood 4.5-19.8 mg/dL 0.111 0.5-2.2 mmol/L
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) Serum 50-200 U/L 1 50-200 U/L
Lamotrigine Serum, plasma 2.5-15 μg/dL 3.91 10-59 μmol/L
Lead Whole blood <25 μg/dL 0.0483 <1.21 μmol/L
Leucine b
Plasma 1.0-2.3 mg/dL 76.3 75-175 μmol/L
Leukocyte count (see complete blood count, white blood cell count)
Levetiracetam Serum, plasma 12-46 μg/mL 5.88 71-270 μmol/L
Lidocaine (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 1.5-6.0 μmL g/mL 4.27 6.4-25.6 μmol/L
Lipase a
Serum 0-160 U/L 0.017 0-2.72 μKat/L
Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) Serum, plasma 10-30 mg/dL 0.01 0.1-0.3 g/L
Lithium (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 0.6-1.2 mEq/L 1 0.6-1.2 mmol/L
Lorazepam (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 50-240 ng/mL 3.11 156-746 nmol/L
b
LDL cholesterol Serum, plasma 60-130 mg/dL 0.02586 1.55-3.37 mmol/L
Luteinizing hormone
(LH),bfemale
Follicular phase Serum 2.0-15.0 mIU/L 1 2.0-15.0 IU/L
Ovulatory peak Serum 22.0-105.0 mIU/L 1 22.0-105.0 IU/L
Luteal phase Serum 0.6-19.0 mIU/L 1 0.6-19.0 IU/L
Postmenopausal Serum 16.0-64.0 mIU/L 1 16.0-64.0 IU/L
b
LH, male Serum 2.0-12.0 mIU/L 1 2.0-12.0 IU/L
Lymphocytes (see complete blood count, white blood cell count)
Lysine b
Plasma 1.2-3.5 mg/dL 68.5 80-240 μmol/L
 Lysozyme (muramidase) Serum 4-13 mg/L 1 4-13 mg/L
Magnesiumb Serum 1.5-2.5 mg/dL 0.4114 0.62-1.03 mmol/L
Magnesiumb Serum 1.3-2.1 mEq/L 0.5 0.65-1.05 mmol/L
Manganese Whole blood 10-12 μg/L 18.2 182-218 nmol/L
Maprotiline (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 200-600 ng/mL 1 200-600 μg/L
MCH (see complete blood
count)
MCHC (see complete blood
count)
Meperidine (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 0.4-0.7 μg/mL 4.04 1.6-2.8 μmol/L
Mercury Whole blood 0.6-59.0 μg/L 4.99 3.0-294.4 nmol/L
Metanephrines (total)b Urine <1.0 mg/24 h 5.07 <5 μmol/day
Methadone (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 100-400 ng/mL 0.00323 0.32-1.29 μmol/L
Whole blood,
Methanol <1.5 mg/L 0.0312 <0.05 mmol/L
serum
Methemoglobin Whole blood <0.24 g/dL 155 <37.2 μmol/L
Fraction of total
Methemoglobin Whole blood <1.0 % of total Hb 0.01 <0.01
Hb
Methionineb Plasma 0.1-0.6 mg/dL 67.1 6-40 μmol/L
Methsuximide (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 10-40 μg/mL 5.29 53-212 μmol/L
Methyldopa (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 1-5 μg/mL 4.73 5-24 μmol/L
Metoprolol (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 75-200 ng/mL 3.74 281-748 nmol/L
Mexthotrexate
Toxic 24 h after dose Serum, plasma ≥10 μmol/L 1 ≥10 μmol/L
Toxic 48 h after dose Serum, plasma ≥1 μmol/L 1 ≥1 μmol/L
Toxic 72 h after dose Serum, plasma ≥0.1 μmol/L 1 ≥0.1 μmol/L
β2-Microglobulin Serum <2 μg/mL 85 <170 nmol/L
Monocytes (see complete blood count, white blood cell count)
Morphine (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 10-80 ng/mL 3.5 35-280 nmol/L
Muramidase (see lysozyme)
Mycophenolic acid Serum, plasma 1.3-3.5 μg/mL 3.12 4-11 μmol/L
Naproxen (therapeutic trough) Plasma, serum >50 μg/mL 4.34 >217 μmol/L
 Neutrophils (see complete blood count, white blood cell count)
Niacin (nicotinic acid) Urine 2.4-6.4 mg/24 h 7.3 17.5-46.7 μmol/day
Nickel Whole blood 1.0-28.0 μg/L 17 17-476 nmol/L
Nicotine (smoker) Plasma 0.01-0.05 mg/L 6.16 0.062-0.308 μmol/L
Norepinephrineb Plasma 110-410 pg/mL 5.91 650-2423 nmol/L
Norepinephrineb Urine 15-80 μg/24 h 5.91 89-473 nmol/day
Nortriptyline (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 50-150 ng/mL 3.8 190-570 nmol/L
N-telopeptide (BCE, bone collagen equivalents)
Men Serum 5.4-24.2 nmol BCE/L 1 5.4-24.2 nmol BCE/L
Premenopausal women Serum 6.2-19.0 nmol BCE/L 1 6.2-19.0 nmol BCE/L
Ornithineb Plasma 0.4-1.4 mg/dL 75.8 30-106 μmol/L
Osmolalityb Serum 275-295 mOsm/kg H2O 1 275-295 mmol/kg H2O
Osmolality Urine 250-900 mOsm/kg H2O 1 250-900 mmol/kg H2O
Osteocalcinb Serum 3.0-13.0 ng/mL 1 3.0-13.0 μg/L
Oxalate Serum 1.0-2.4 mg/L 11.4 11-27 μmol/L
Oxazepam (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 0.2-1.4 μg/mL 3.49 0.7-54.9 μmol/L
Oxycodone (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 10-100 ng/mL 3.17 32-317 nmol/L
Oxygen, partial pressure (PO2) Arterial blood 80-100 mm Hg 1 80-100 mm Hg
Pantothenic acid (see vitamin
B5)
Parathyroid hormone
Intactb Serum 10-50 pg/mL 1 10-50 ng/L
N-terminal specificb Serum 8-24 pg/mL 1 8-24 ng/L
C-terminal (mid-molecule) Serum 0-340 pg/mL 1 0-340 ng/L
Pentobarbital (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 1-5 μg/mL 4.42 4.0-22 μmol/L
Pepsinogen Ib Serum 28-100 ng/mL 1 28-100 μg/L
pH (see blood gases)
Phenobarbital (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 15-40 μg/mL 4.31 65-172 μmol/L
Phenylalanineb Plasma 0.6-1.5 mg/dL 60.5 35-90 μmol/L
Phenytoin (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 10-20 μg/mL 3.96 40-79 μmol/L
Phosphatase, tartrate-resistant
Serum 1.5-4.5 U/L 0.017 0.03-0.08 μKat/L
acid
 Phosphorus (inorganic)b Serum 2.3-4.7 mg/dL 0.3229 0.74-1.52 mmol/L
Phosphorus (inorganic)b Urine 0.4-1.3 g/24 h 32.29 12.9-42.0 mmol/day
Plasminogen Plasma 8.4-14.0 mg/dL 10 84-140 mg/L
Plasminogen Plasma 80-120 % 0.01 0.80-1.20 Fraction of 1.0
Plasminogen activator inhibitor Plasma <15 IU/mL 1 <15 kIU/L
Platelet count (see complete blood count, platelet count)
Porphobilinogen deaminase Red blood cells >7.0 nmol/s/L 1 >7.0 nmol/(s L)
Potassium Plasma 3.5-5.0 mEq/L 1 3.5-5.0 mmol/L
Prealbumin—transthyretin Serum, plasma 18-45 mg/dL 0.01 0.18-0.45 g/L
b
Pregnanediol, female
Follicular phase Urine <2.6 mg/24 h 3.12 <8 μmol/day
Luteal phase Urine 2.3-10.6 mg/24 h 3.12 8-33 μmol/day
b
Pregnanediol, male Urine 0-1.9 mg/24 h 3.12 0-5.9 μmol/day
Pregnanetriol b
Urine <2.5 mg/24 h 2.97 <7.5 μmol/day
Primidone (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 5-12 μg/mL 4.58 23-55 μmol/L
Procainamide (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 4-10 μg/mL 4.23 17-42 μmol/L
b
Progesterone, female
Follicular phase Serum 0.1-0.7 ng/mL 3.18 0.5-2.2 nmol/L
Luteal phase Serum 2.0-25.0 ng/mL 3.18 6.4-79.5 nmol/L
b
Progesterone, male Serum 0.13-0.97 ng/mL 3.18 0.4-3.1 nmol/L
Prolactin (nonlactating subject) Serum 1-25 ng/mL 1 1-25 μg/L
Proline b
Plasma 1.2-3.9 mg/dL 86.9 104-340 μmol/L
Propoxyphene (therapeutic) Serum 0.1-0.4 μg/mL 2.946 0.3-1.2 μmol/L
Propanolol (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 50-100 ng/mL 3.86 190-386 nmol/L
b
Protein (total) Serum 6.0-8.0 g/dL 10 60-80 g/L
Protein C Plasma 70-140 % 0.01 0.70-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Protein electrophoresis (serum protein electrophoresis [SPEP]), fraction of total protein
Albumin Serum 52-65 % 0.01 0.52-0.65 Fraction of 1.0
α1-Globulin Serum 2.5-5.0 % 0.01 0.025-0.05 Fraction of 1.0
α2-Globulin Serum 7.0-13.0 % 0.01 0.07-0.13 Fraction of 1.0
β-Globulin Serum 8.0-14.0 % 0.01 0.08-0.14 Fraction of 1.0
γ-Globulin Serum 12.0-22.0 % 0.01 0.12-0.22 Fraction of 1.0
 Protein electrophoresis (SPEP), concentration
Albumin Serum 3.2-5.6 g/dL 10 32-56 g/L
α1-Globulin Serum 0.1-0.4 g/dL 10 1-10 g/L
α2-Globulin Serum 0.4-1.2 g/dL 10 4-12 g/L
β-Globulin Serum 0.5-1.1 g/dL 10 5-11 g/L
γ-Globulin Serum 0.5-1.6 g/dL 10 5-16 g/L
Protein S (activity) Plasma 70-140 % 0.01 0.70-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
Prothrombin time (PT) Plasma 10-13 s 1 10-13 s
Protoporphyrin Red blood cells 15-50 μg/dL 0.0177 0.27-0.89 μmol/L
PSA Serum 0-4.0 ng/mL 1 0-4.0 μg/L
Pyridinium cross-links (deoxypyridinoline)
nmol/mmol nmol/mmol
Male Urine 10.3-20 1 10.3-20
creatinine creatinine
nmol/mmol nmol/mmol
Premenopausal female Urine 15.3-33.6 1 15.3-33.6
creatinine creatinine
Pyridoxine (see vitamin B6)
Pyruvate (as pyruvic acid) Whole blood 0.3-0.9 mg/dL 113.6 34-102 μmol/L
Quinidine (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 2.0-5.0 μg/mL 3.08 6.2-15.4 μmol/L
Red blood cell count (see complete blood count)
Red cell folate (see folate)
Renin (normal-sodium diet)b Plasma 1.1-4.1 ng/mL/h 1 1.1-4.1 ng/(mL h)
Reticulocyte countb Whole blood 25-75 103 μL−1 1 25-75 109 L−1
Fraction of
Reticulocyte countb (fraction) Whole blood 0.5-1.5 % of RBCs 0.01 0.005-0.015
RBCs
Retinol (see vitamin A)
Rheumatoid factor Serum <30 IU/mL 1 <30 kIU/L
Riboflavin (see vitamin B2)
Salicylates (therapeutic) Serum, plasma 15-30 mg/dL 0.0724 1.08-2.17 mmol/L
Sedimentation rate (see erythrocyte sedimentation rate)
Selenium Whole blood 58-234 μg/L 0.0127 0.74-2.97 μmol/L
Serineb Plasma 0.7-2.0 mg/dL 95.2 65-193 μmol/L
Serotonin (5- Whole blood 50-200 ng/mL 0.00568 0.28-1.14 μmol/L
 hydroxytryptamine)
Sertraline (Zoloft) Serum or plasma 10-50 ng/mL 3.27 33-164 nmol/L
SPEP (see protein
electrophoresis)
Sex hormone-binding globulinb Serum 0.5-1.5 μg/dL 34.7 17.4-52.1 nmol/L
Sirolimus Whole blood 4-20 ng/mL 1.1 4-22 nmol/L
b
Sodium Plasma 136-142 mEq/L 1 136-142 mmol/L
Somatostatin Plasma <25 pg/mL 1 <25 ng/L
Somatomedin C (see insulin-like growth factor)
Strychnine (toxic) Whole blood >0.5 mg/L 2.99 >1.5 μmol/L
Substance P Plasma <240 pg/mL 1 <240 ng/L
Fraction of total
Sulfhemoglobin Whole blood <1.0 % of total Hb 0.01 <0.010
Hb
Tacrolimus Whole blood 3-20 ng/mL 1.24 4-25 nmol/L
Taurineb Plasma 0.3-2.1 mg/dL 80 24-168 μmol/L
Testosterone,b male Plasma, serum 300-1200 ng/dL 0.0347 10.4-41.6 nmol/L
Testosterone,b female Plasma, serum <85 ng/dL 0.0347 2.95 nmol/L
Theophylline (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 10-20 μg/mL 5.55 56-111 μmol/L
Thiamine (see vitamin B1)
Thiocyanate (nonsmoker) Plasma, serum 1-4 mg/L 17.2 17-69 μmol/L
Thiopental (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 1-5 μg/mL 4.13 4-21 μmol/L
Thioridazine (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 1.0-1.5 μg/mL 2.7 2.7-4.1 μmol/L
Thrombin time Plasma 16-24 s 1.0 16-24 s
Threonineb Plasma 0.9-2.5 mg/dL 84 75-210 μmol/L
Thyroglobulinb Serum 3-42 ng/mL 1 3-42 μg/L
Thyrotropin (thyroid-
Serum 0.5-5.0 μIU/mL 1 0.5-5.0 mU/L
stimulating hormone, TSH)b
Thyroxine, free (FT4)b Serum 0.9-2.3 ng/dL 12.87 12-30 pmol/L
Thyroxine, total (T4)b Serum 5.5-12.5 μg/dL 12.87 71-160 nmol/L
Thyroxine-binding globulin
Serum 10-26 μg/dL 12.9 129-335 nmol/L
(TBG),b as T4 binding capacity
Tissue plasminogen activator Plasma <0.04 IU/mL 1000 <40 IU/L
Tobramycin (therapeutic, peak) Plasma, serum 5-10 μg/mL 2.14 10-21 μmol/L
Tocainide (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 4-10 μg/mL 5.2 21-52 μmol/L
α-Tocopherol (see vitamin E)
Topiramate Serum, plasma 5-20 μg/mL 2.95 15-59 μmol/L
Transferrin (siderophilin)b Serum 200-380 mg/dL 0.01 2.0-3.8 g/L
Triglyceridesb Plasma, serum 10-190 mg/dL 0.01129 0.11-2.15 mmol/L
Triiodothyronine, free (FT3)b Serum 260-480 pg/dL 0.0154 4.0-7.4 pmol/L
Triiodothyronine, resin uptakeb Serum 25-35 % 0.01 0.25-0.35 Fraction of 1.0
Triiodothyronine, total (T3)b Serum 70-200 ng/dL 0.0154 1.08-3.14 nmol/L
Troponin I (cardiac) Serum 0-0.4 ng/mL 1 0-0.4 μg/L
Troponin T (cardiac) Serum 0-0.1 ng/mL 1 0-0.1 μg/L
Tryptophanb Plasma 0.5-1.5 mg/dL 48.97 25-73 μmol/L
Tyrosineb Plasma 0.4-1.6 mg/dL 55.19 20-90 μmol/L
Urea nitrogen (BUN)b Serum 8-23 mg/dL 0.0357 2.9-8.2 mmol/L
Uric acidb Serum 4.0-8.5 mg/dL 0.0595 0.24-0.51 mmol/L
Urobilinogenb Urine 0.05-2.5 mg/24 h 1.693 0.1-4.2 μmol/day
Valineb Plasma 1.7-3.7 mg/dL 85.5 145-315 μmol/L
Valproic acid (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 50-150 μg/mL 6.93 346-1040 μmol/L
Vancomycin (therapeutic,
Plasma, serum 10-20 μg/mL 0.69 6.9-13.8 μmol/L
peak)
Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)b Urine 2.1-7.6 mg/24 h 5.046 11-38 μmol/day
Vasoactive intestinal
Plasma <50 pg/mL 1 <50 ng/L
polypeptide
Verapamil (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 100-500 ng/mL 2.2 220-1100 nmol/L
Vitamin A (retinol)b Serum 30-80 μg/dL 0.0349 1.05-2.80 μmol/L
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) Whole blood 2.5-7.5 μg/dL 29.6 74-222 nmol/L
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) Plasma, serum 4-24 μg/dL 26.6 106-638 nmol/L
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) Whole blood 0.2-1.8 μg/mL 4.56 0.9-8.2 μmol/L
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) Plasma 5-30 ng/mL 4.046 20-121 nmol/L
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin)b Serum 160-950 pg/mL 0.7378 118-701 pmol/L
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Plasma, serum 0.4-1.5 mg/dL 56.78 23-85 μmol/L
Vitamin D, 1,25- Plasma, serum 16-65 pg/mL 2.6 42-169 pmol/L
 dihydroxyvitamin D
Vitamin D, 25-hydroxyvitamin
Plasma, serum 14-60 ng/mL 2.496 35-150 nmol/L
D
Vitamin E (α-tocopherol)b Plasma, serum 0.5-1.8 mg/dL 23.22 12-42 μmol/L
Vitamin K Plasma, serum 0.13-1.19 ng/mL 2.22 0.29-2.64 nmol/L
von Willebrand factor (ranges
Plasma 70-140 % 0.01 0.70-1.40 Fraction of 1.0
vary according to blood type)
Warfarin (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 1.0-10 μg/mL 3.24 3.2-32.4 μmol/L
−1
White blood cell countb Whole blood 4.5-11.0 10 μL
3
1 4.5-11.0 109 L−1
White blood cell, differential count (see complete blood count)
Xylose absorption test (25-g
Whole blood >25 mg/dL mg/dL 0.06661 >1.7 mmol/L
dose)b
Zidovudine (therapeutic) Plasma, serum 0.15-0.27 μg/mL 3.74 0.56-1.01 μmol/L
Zinc Serum 50-150 μg/dL 0.153 7.7-23.0 μmol/L