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CONDITIONALS

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26 views

CONDITIONALS

Uploaded by

Marisa Dp
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CONDITIONALS

• Zero conditional or a true conditional, as the events described both happen.

If I stay up late, I feel awful the next day.

If/ When + present tense + present tense

• First conditional Used to talk about likely events in the future if something happens.

If I pass Cambridge First, I'll have a big party!

If+ present tense + future tense will

• Second conditional Used to talk about unlikely or impossible situations.

If I won the lottery, I'd give all the money to Oxfam.

If+ past tense + would, could, might

• Third conditional Used to speculate about the past.

If we'd had more money, we'd have gone to the States last year

If+ past perfect + would have, could have, might have + past participle

Unless is a conjunction meaning 'if no (so the clause following unless never contains a negative verb form: I'll see you
at the station at 7.00 unless I hear from you. Unless we book train tickets in advance, we won't get a discount.

MIXED CONDITIONALS
• If+ past tense (second form) + would have, could have, might have + past participle (third form):

If I weren't so busy all the time, I could have come along.

This is used when a change in a present situation would have affected a past situation.

• If+ past perfect tense (third form) + would(n't)/might(n't)/ could(n't)lshould(n't) + infinitive (second form):

If you had told me about the skiing trip, I would be there with you now!

This is used when a change in a past situation would have caused a different present situation.
IF ONLY – WISH
 Talking about the past - things you regret doing/not doing:

wish - if only + past perfect

I wish I hadn't been so rude to my mother last night.

 Talking about the present - things that haven't come true now and things that might come true in the
future:

wish - if only + past simple

I wish I were/was lying on a beach somewhere instead of being here.

I wish I could speak Japanese.

Both were and was are acceptable but were is more formal.

 Talking about irritating habits - things which are annoying you:

wish - if only + would

He wishes his daughter would wear smarter clothes.

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