Lemery Colleges Inc.

A. Bonifacio St. Bagong Sikat, Lemery,

Batangas

ETHICS
C
U
L
T
U
R
E
CULTURE
It is the complex whole which includes knowledge,
belief, art, law morals, custom and any other
capabilities and habits acquired by an individual as
a member of a society.
It can also be considered as the sum total of human
knowledge and the acquired behaviors of humans.

Each society has a body of norms governing its

moral and belief systems to which individuals are
introduced at birth.

ETHICS
CHARACTERISTICS
OF CULTURE
1. CULTURE IS SHARED AND
TRANSMITTED

Culture is shared by and is transmitted to and

among the members of a social group.

The acquired learning of culture is passed on to

succeeding generations primarily through language
and other symbolic means of communication.

ETHICS
2. CULTURE IS LEARNED AND
ACQUIRED

Not all things shared generally by people in a

particular group are cultural. It is acquired through
experiences.

No one is born equipped with a particular language,

values, or knowledge.

ETHICS
3. CULTURE IS A SOCIAL
PHENOMENON

Cultural practices and beliefs are shaped through

the interactions of individuals living in the same
social environment.

It is a product developed by many persons

interacting in a group. It is social due to the natural
tendency of human to be social, whether voluntary
or not.

ETHICS
4. CULTURE GRATIFIES HUMAN
NEEDS

Patterns of culture exist and persist because they

continue to satisfy human needs.

People tend to habitually use systems that satiate

their basic human desires in all aspects of life.

ETHICS
5. CULTURE IS DYNAMIC
It is dynamic and not static. It changes over time.
These changes may come in the form of
discoveries, inventions, or cultural adaptation.

6. CULTURE IS INTEGRATED
The components of culture (attitudes, values,
ideals, and moral norms) are integrated into a whole
system for individuals in the same social
environment to share.

ETHICS
CULTURAL
VALUES
ETHNOCENTRISM

It is the tendency to perceive and judge others

according to one’s cultural standards.

One sees his or her culture as yardstick in judging

the behaviors of others in other social contexts.

ETHICS
XENOCENTRISM

It is the tendency to value other cultures more

highly than one’s own.

Fascination with other’s culture and contempt for

one’s own culture can be traced back to a culture’s
colonial experience through cultural brainwashing
via media.

ETHICS
CULTURE AND ETHICS
✓ Culture are diverse.
✓ No culture is perfect.
✓ Level of advancement is not the basis in judging
whether a culture is superior or inferior.
✓ Every culture is different from the other.
✓ Human limitations and weaknesses can cause cultures
to progress or regress.
✓ What is lacking in one may be found in another.

ETHICS
ORGANIZATIONAL
CULTURE AND
ETHICS
ORGANIZATIONAL
CULTURE AND ETHICS
The organization’s culture also
reveals the unwritten ethical
standards that guide employees
in their decision-making.

Ethical standards are the explicit

code of conduct an organization
sets to be followed by its
members.

ETHICS
ORGANIZATIONAL
CULTURE AND ETHICS
The success or failure of any
organization is built on a culture
of integrity, honesty and trust.

Leaders should exemplify these

moral values so that this practice
will have a trickle-down effect on
their constituents.

ETHICS
HUMAN BEINGS,
CULTURE AND
MORAL CHOICES
What makes human
beings unique?
What makes human beings
unique?
Charles Darwin states that human
beings belong to the animal
kingdom but are far different from
other animals.

The human body has

extraordinary characteristics and
functions that are not found in
animals.

ETHICS
What makes human beings unique?
Human beings distinct from those
of other animals because of
superiority of human intelligence
and consciousness which makes
humans the highest form of
animals.
Human beings are also special
beings who have a more complex
and sophisticated way of creating
formal organizations and
alliances.
ETHICS
What makes human beings
unique?
The uniqueness of human beings
lies in their ability to know what is
good and bad.

Only humans have the power to

choose among different
alternatives, evaluate their
actions, make rules and
guidelines, and learn from their
mistakes.
ETHICS
Attributes of Human
Beings
1. Personhood

A person is not born with a

complete or perfect personhood,
but has all the potentials to
become a unique and special
individual.

One’s future depends on the ideal

self that he or she strongly
desires to realize.

ETHICS
1. Personhood

Understanding the complexity of

one’s own personhood helps to
understand others.

The society, with all the

established institutions within it,
provides avenues for one to
create what kind of ideal person
he or she wants to be.

ETHICS
2. Family

Family is a product of a particular

culture. Since the family is the
basic unity of society, so they are
the primary source of morality.

As one grows up, he or she

becomes wiser and more
independent and spends more
time with friends and less with
family.

ETHICS
2. Family

Growing up comes with being

more open to other sources of
knowledge, information and moral
values.

When one matures, one begins to

question even the principles and
ideals that he or she holds dearly
from the start.

ETHICS
3. Culture

Moral values evolve along with

society. As society and culture
change and improve, moral
values and norms also change
and develop.

Culture affects and challenges

morality. It becomes more
civilized, humanized, united, and
peaceful because of morality.

ETHICS
Culture and Moral
Choices
Culture and Moral
Choices
The survival of human beings
depends on how well they interact
with each other.

Humans cannot live by hating and

hurting each other, therefore,
harmonious relationships should
be established and maintained.

ETHICS
Culture and Moral Choices
Independent-minded individuals
consider that the values of justice
and fairness should correspond to
the amount of efforts one has
exerted even if an action
becomes disadvantageous to a
les deserving person.
Moral values promoting
cooperation and honesty are
always influenced by strict or
loose laws.
ETHICS