Calculus AA HL [120 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 5] EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.6

2
2x cos(x )
Use l’Hôpital’s rule to determine the value of lim ( ).
x→0
5 tan x [5]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior

examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA
course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam
papers.
2
2x cos(x )
attempts to apply l’Hôpital’s rule on lim ( 5 tan x
) M1
x→0

2 2 2
2 cos(x )−4x sin(x )
= lim (
5 sec
2
x
) M1A1A1
x→0

Note: Award M1 for attempting to use product and chain rule differentiation on
the numerator, A1 for a correct numerator and A1 for a correct denominator.
The awarding of A1 for the denominator is independent of the M1.

=
2

5
A1

[5 marks]

2. [Maximum mark: 21] EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.11

A function f is defined by f (x) =
3
2
x +2
, x ∈ R.

(a) Sketch the curve y = f (x), clearly indicating any asymptotes

with their equations and stating the coordinates of any points of
intersection with the axes.
 [4]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior

examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA
course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam
papers.

a curve symmetrical about the y-axis with correct concavity that has a local
maximum point on the positive y-axis A1

a curve clearly showing that y → 0 as x → ±∞ A1

(0,
3

2
) A1

horizontal asymptote y = 0 ( x-axis) A1

[4 marks]

The region R is bounded by the curve y = f (x), the x-axis and the lines x = 0

and x = √ 6. Let A be the area of R.

(b) √ 2π
Show that A =
2
. [4]
 Markscheme

attempts to find ∫ x +2
2
3
dx (M1)

= [
3
arctan
x
] A1
√2 √2

x 3
Note: Award M1A0 for obtaining [k arctan ] where k ≠ .
√2 √2

Note: Condone the absence of or use of incorrect limits to this stage.

3
= (arctan √ 3 − arctan 0) (M1)
√2

π π
=
3
×
3
(= ) A1
√2 √2

√ 2π
A =
2
AG

[4 marks]

The line x = k divides R into two regions of equal area.

(c) Find the value of k. [4]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

EITHER

k
3 √ 2π
∫ 2
dx =
x +2 4
0
 √ 2π
(M1)
3 k
arctan =
√2 √2 4

OR

√6
3 √ 2π
∫ 2
dx =
x +2 4
k

√ 2π
(M1)
3 k
(arctan √ 3 − arctan ) =
√2 √2 4

k π
arctan √ 3 − arctan =
√2 6

THEN

π
arctan
k
=
6
A1
√2

k π 1
= tan
6
(= ) A1
√2 √3

√6
k =
3
(= √
2

3
) A1

METHOD 2

k √6
3 3
∫ 2
dx = ∫ 2
dx
x +2 x +2
0 k

3
arctan
k
=
3
(arctan √ 3 − arctan
k
) (M1)
√2 √2 √2 √2

π
arctan
k
=
6
A1
√2

k π 1
= tan
6
(= ) A1
√2 √3
 √6 2
k =
3
(= √
3
) A1

[4 marks]

Let m be the gradient of a tangent to the curve y = f (x).

(d) Show that m = −

6x
.
2
(x +2)
2
[2]

Markscheme

d 3
attempts to find dx
(
x +2
2
) (M1)

−2
= (3)(−1)(2x)(x
2
+ 2) A1

6x
so m = −
2
2
AG
(x +2)

[2 marks]

(e)
Show that the maximum value of m is .
27 2
√
32 3 [7]

Markscheme

attempts product rule or quotient rule differentiation M1

EITHER

−3 −2
A1
dm 2 2
= (−6x)(−2)(2x)(x + 2) + (x + 2) (−6)
dx

OR
 2
2 2
(x +2) (−6)−(−6x)(2)(2x)(x +2)
A1
dm
= 4
dx 2
(x +2)

Note: Award A0 if the denominator is incorrect. Subsequent marks can be

awarded.

THEN

attempts to express their as a rational fraction with a factorized numerator

dm

dx

M1
2 2 2
6(x +2)(3x −2) 6(3x −2)
dm
= 4
(= 3
)
dx 2
(x +2)
2
(x +2)

attempts to solve their = 0 for x M1

dm

dx

A1
2
x = ±√
3

from the curve, the maximum value of m occurs at x R1

2
= −√
3

(the minimum value of m occurs at x )

2
= √
3

Note: Award R1 for any equivalent valid reasoning.

2
6(−√ )
3

maximum value of m is − 2
A1
2

2
((−√ ) +2)
3

leading to a maximum value of AG

27 2
√
32 3
 [7 marks]

3. [Maximum mark: 6] 23M.1.AHL.TZ2.4

The following diagram shows part of the graph of y =
x
2
x +2
for x ≥ 0.

The shaded region R is bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the line
x = c.

The area of R is ln 3.

Find the value of c. [6]

Markscheme

c
x
A = ∫ 2
dx
x +2
0

EITHER

attempts to integrate by inspection or substitution using u = x

2
+ 2 or

u = x
2
(M1)
Note: If candidate simply states u = x
2
+ 2 or u = x
2
, but does not
attempt to integrate, do not award the (M1).

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state the u-substitution, award the (M1)
only for expressions of the form k ln u or k ln(u + 2).

2 2
c +2 c c
OR OR A1
1 1 1 2
[ ln u] [ ln (u + 2)] [ ln (x + 2)]
2 2 2 0 2 0

Note: Limits may be seen in the substitution step.

OR

attempts to integrate by inspection (M1)

Note: Award the (M1) only for expressions of the form k ln (x

2
+ 2).

c
1
[
2
ln (x
2
+ 2)]
0
A1

Note: Limits may be seen in the substitution step.

THEN

correctly substitutes their limits into their integrated expression (M1)

2
(ln (c
2
+ 2) − ln 2) (= ln 3) OR
1 2 1
ln (c + 2) − ln 2 (= ln 3)
2 2

correctly applies at least one log law to their expression (M1)

 2
1 c +2

2
ln(
2
) (= ln 3) OR ln √ c 2 + 2 − ln √ 2 (= ln 3) OR
2
c +2
ln( ) = ln 9
2

OR ln (c
2
+ 2) − ln 2 − ln 9 OR ln √
c +2

2
(= ln 3) OR

2
c +2
ln √ (= ln 3)
√2

Note: Condone the absence of ln 3 up to this stage.

2 2

OR A1
c +2 c +2
= 9 √ = 3
2 2

2
c = 16

c = 4 A1

Note: Award A0 for c = ±4 as a final answer.

[6 marks]

4. [Maximum mark: 14] 23M.1.AHL.TZ2.10

A circle with equation x 2
+ y
2
= 9 has centre (0, 0) and radius 3.

A triangle, PQR, is inscribed in the circle with its vertices at P(−3, 0), Q(x, y)

and R(x, − y), where Q and R are variable points in the first and fourth
quadrants respectively. This is shown in the following diagram.
(a) For point Q, show that y = √9 − x .
2
[1]

Markscheme

y
2
= 9 − x
2
OR y = ±√ 9 − x
2
A1

(since y > 0) ⇒ y = √ 9 − x
2
AG

[1 mark]

(b) Hence, find an expression for A, the area of triangle PQR, in terms
of x. [3]

Markscheme

b = 2y (= 2√ 9 − x ) or h = x + 3 (A1)
2

attempts to substitute their base expression and height expression into

1
A =
2
bh (M1)
 A = √ 9 − x 2 (x + 3) (or equivalent)

2(x+3)√ 9−x
2

(=
2
2 2
= x√ 9 − x + 3√ 9 − x ) A1

[3 marks]

(c)
2

Show that .
dA 9−3x−2x

dx
=
√ 9−x 2 [4]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

dA
attempts to use the product rule to find dx
(M1)

attempts to use the chain rule to find d

dx
√9 − x 2 (M1)

1
dA 1 − 2
x +3x
2 2 2 2
( =)√ 9 − x + (3 + x)( )(9 − x ) (−2x)(= √ 9 − x − )
dx 2 √ 9−x 2

A1
2 2
2 2 9−x −(x +3x)
dA 9−x x +3x
(
dx
=) − (= ) A1
√ 9−x 2 √ 9−x 2 √ 9−x 2

AG
dA 9−3x−2x
=
dx √ 9−x 2

METHOD 2

dA dA dy
= ×
dx dy dx

dy
attempts to find where A = y(x + 3) and where y 2
dA 2
= 9 − x
dy dx

(M1)

dy
+ x + 3 and (or equivalent) A1
dA dx x
= y = −
dy dy dx y
 dy dy
substitutes their and their into (M1)
dA dA dA
= ×
dy dx dx dy dx

dA y x
= (y(− ) + x + 3)(− ) (or equivalent)
dx x y

2 2

(or equivalent) A1
9−x −x −3x
=
√ 9−x 2

AG
dA 9−3x−2x
=
dx √ 9−x 2

[4 marks]

(d) Hence or otherwise, find the y-coordinate of R such that A is a

maximum. [6]

Markscheme

2
dA 9−3x−2x

dx
= 0 ( = 0) (M1)
√ 9−x 2

attempts to solve 9 − 3x − 2x 2 = 0 (or equivalent) (M1)

2
3±√ (−3) −4(−2)(9)

−(2x − 3)(x + 3)(= 0) OR x = (or

2(−2)

equivalent) (A1)

x =
3

2
A1

Note: Award the above A1 if x = −3 is also given.

substitutes their value of x into either y = √9 − x 2 or y = −√ 9 − x 2

Note: Do not award the above (M1) if x ≤ 0. (M1)

 2
3
y = −√ 9 − ( )
2

√ 27 3√ 3 27
= −
2
(= −
2
, = −√
4
, = −√ 6. 75) A1

[6 marks]

5. [Maximum mark: 5] 22M.1.AHL.TZ1.1

9 3√x−5
Find the value of ∫ 1 ( ) d x.
[5]
√x

Markscheme

1
3√x−5
∫ d x = ∫ (3 − 5x
−
2 ) d x (A1)
√x

1
3√x−5
∫ d x = 3x − 10x 2 (+c) A1A1
√x

substituting limits into their integrated function and subtracting (M1)

1 1

3(9) − 10(9) 2
− (3(1) − 10(1) 2
) OR 27 − 10 × 3 − (3 − 10)

= 4 A1

[5 marks]

6. [Maximum mark: 20] 22M.1.AHL.TZ2.11

1
A function f is defined by f (x) = 2
x −2x−3
, where x ∈ R, x ≠ −1, x ≠ 3.
(a) Sketch the curve y = f (x), clearly indicating any asymptotes
with their equations. State the coordinates of any local maximum or
minimum points and any points of intersection with the coordinate
axes. [6]

Markscheme

y-intercept (0, − A1
1
)
3

Note: Accept an indication of − 13 on the y-axis.

vertical asymptotes x = −1 and x = 3 A1

horizontal asymptote y = 0 A1

uses a valid method to find the x-coordinate of the local maximum point
(M1)
 Note: For example, uses the axis of symmetry or attempts to solve f ′(x) = 0.

local maximum point (1, − 14 ) A1

Note: Award (M1)A0 for a local maximum point at x = 1 and coordinates

not given.

three correct branches with correct asymptotic behaviour and the key features
in approximately correct relative positions to each other A1

[6 marks]

A function g is defined by g(x) = 2

1

x −2x−3
, where x ∈ R, x > 3.

The inverse of g is g −1 .

(b.i) Show that g −1 (x) = 1 +

√ 4x 2 +x
. [6]
x

Markscheme

x = 2
1

y −2y−3
M1

Note: Award M1 for interchanging x and y (this can be done at a later stage).

EITHER

attempts to complete the square M1

2
y
2
− 2y − 3 = (y − 1) − 4 A1
 1
x = 2
(y−1) −4

2 1 2 1
(y − 1) − 4 =
x
((y − 1) = 4 +
x
) A1

1 4x+1
y − 1 = ±√ 4 + (= ±√ )
x x

OR

attempts to solve xy 2 − 2xy − 3x − 1 = 0 for y M1

2
−(−2x)±√ (−2x) +4x(3x+1)
y =
2x
A1

Note: Award A1 even if − (in ±) is missing

2
2x±√ 16x +4x
=
2x
A1

THEN

√ 4x 2 +x
= 1 ±
x
A1

√ 4x 2 +x
y > 3 and hence y = 1 − is rejected R1
x

Note: Award R1 for concluding that the expression for y must have the ‘+’ sign.
The R1 may be awarded earlier for using the condition x > 3.

√ 4x 2 +x
y = 1 +
x

√ 4x 2 +x
g
−1
(x) = 1 +
x
AG
 [6 marks]

(b.ii) State the domain of g −1 . [1]

Markscheme

domain of g −1 is x > 0 A1

[1 mark]

A function h is defined by h(x) , where x ∈ R.

x
= arctan
2

(c) Given that (h ∘ g)(a) =

π
, find the value of a.
4

q
Give your answer in the form p + 2
√ r, where p, q, r ∈ Z
+
. [7]

Markscheme

attempts to find (h ∘ g)(a) (M1)

g(a) 1
(h ∘ g)(a) = arctan( ) ((h ∘ g)(a) = arctan( 2
))
2 2(a −2a−3)

(A1)

g(a) π 1 π
arctan( )= (arctan( 2
)= )
2 4 2(a −2a−3) 4

attempts to solve for g(a) M1

1
⇒ g(a) = 2 ( 2
= 2)
(a −2a−3)

EITHER
 ⇒ a = g
−1
(2) A1

attempts to find their g −1 (2) M1

2
√ 4(2) +2

a = 1 +
2
A1

Note: Award all available marks to this stage if x is used instead of a.

OR

⇒ 2a
2
− 4a − 7 = 0 A1

attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1

2
−(−4)±√ (−4) +4(2)(7)
4±√ 72
a =
4
(=
4
) A1

Note: Award all available marks to this stage if x is used instead of a.

THEN

3
a = 1 +
2
√2 (as a > 3) A1

(p = 1, q = 3, r = 2)

Note: Award A1 for a

1
= 1 + √ 18 (p = 1, q = 1, r = 18)
2

[7 marks]

7. [Maximum mark: 7] EXN.2.AHL.TZ0.6

The curve C has equation e 2y = x
3
+ y.

(a) Show that

dy
=
3x
2y
2

. [3]
dx 2e −1

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior

examiners to aid teachers in preparing for external assessment in the new MAA
course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam
papers.

attempts implicit differentiation on both sides of the equation M1

2y dy dy
A1
2
2e = 3x +
dx dx

dy
A1
2y 2
(2e − 1) = 3x
dx

2
dy
so AG
3x
= 2y
dx 2e −1

[3 marks]

(b) The tangent to C at the point Ρ is parallel to the y-axis.

Find the x-coordinate of Ρ. [4]

Markscheme

attempts to solve 2e 2y − 1 = 0 for y (M1)

1 1
y = −0. 346 … (=
2
ln
2
) A1

attempts to solve e 2y = x
3
+ y for x given their value of y (M1)
1
1 1
x = 0. 946 (= (
2
(1 − ln
2
))
3
) A1
 [4 marks]

8. [Maximum mark: 15] 22N.2.AHL.TZ0.11

The function f is defined by f (x) = e
2x
(3x − 4), where x ∈ R.

(a) Find f ′(x). [3]

Markscheme

attempt to use product rule (M1)

f ′(x) = 3e
2x
+ 2e
2x
(3x − 4)(= e
2x
(6x − 5)) A2

Note: Award A1 for 2 out of 3 of 3e 2x , 6xe 2x and −8e 2x seen or implied.

[3 marks]

(b) Hence or otherwise, find the coordinates of the point on the graph
of y = f (x) where the tangent is parallel to the line y = x. [3]

Markscheme

f ′(x) = 1 (M1)

x = 0. 86299 …

x = 0. 863 A1

y = −7. 92719 …

y = −7. 93 A1

(0. 863, −7. 93)

 [3 marks]

The region enclosed by the curve y = f (x), the x-axis and the y-axis is rotated
through 2π radians about the x-axis to form a solid of revolution.

(c) Find the volume of this solid. [4]

Markscheme

4
x-intercept is at (1. 33) (A1)
3

attempt to use formula for volume of revolution (M1)

2
Note: Award (M1) for an integral involving π and (f (x)) . Condone use of 2π
and incorrect or absent limits.

3
2
π∫ (e
2x
(3x − 4)) d x (A1)
0

Note: This (A1) can be awarded if the dx is omitted.

= 164. 849 …

= 165 A1

[4 marks]

Consider a function g such that g(0) = 1 and g′(0) = 2.

Find the value of

(d.i) (f ∘ g)(0). [2]

Markscheme

attempt to compose functions in the correct order (M1)

(f ∘ g)(0) = f (g(0)) = f (1)

= −7. 38905 …

A1
2
= −7. 39(= −e )

[2 marks]

(d.ii) (f ∘ g)′(0). [3]

Markscheme

attempt to use the chain rule (M1)

(f ∘ g)′(0) = f ′(g(0))g′(0)

Note: For this (M1) to be awarded, multiplication of two derivatives should be

seen or implied.

= 2f ′(1)(= 2 × 7. 38905 …) (A1)

= 14. 7781 …

= 14. 8(= 2e )
2
A1
 [3 marks]

9. [Maximum mark: 5] 22M.2.AHL.TZ2.6

2
2
(y−4)
The following diagram shows the curve = 1, where
x
+
36 16

h ≤ y ≤ 4.

The curve from point Q to point B is rotated 360° about the y-axis to
form the interior surface of a bowl. The rectangle OPQR, of height h cm
, is rotated 360° about the y-axis to form a solid base.

The bowl is assumed to have negligible thickness.

Given that the interior volume of the bowl is to be 285 cm 3 , determine

the height of the base. [5]

Markscheme

attempts to express x 2 in terms of y (M1)

4 2
(y−4)
V = π∫ 36(1 −
16
) d y A1
h
 Note: Correct limits are required.

4 2
(y−4)
Attempts to solve π ∫ 36(1 −
16
) d y = 285 for h (M1)
h

3 2
h h 8
Note: Award M1 for attempting to solve 36π( 48 −
4
+
3
) = 285 or

equivalent for h.

h = 0. 7926 …

h = 0. 793 (cm) A2

[5 marks]

10. [Maximum mark: 15] 18N.2.AHL.TZ0.H_9

The function f is defined by f (x) , 0 < x < 3.
2 ln x+1
=
x−3

(b) Hence, or otherwise, find the coordinates of the point of inflexion on

the graph of y = f (x). [4]

Markscheme

finding turning point of y = f

′
(x) or finding root of y = f
′′
(x) (M1)

x = 0.899 A1

y = f (0.899048 …) = −0.375 (M1)A1

(0.899, −0.375)
 Note: Do not accept x = 0.9. Accept y-coordinates rounding to −0.37 or
−0.375 but not −0.38.

[4 marks]

Draw a set of axes showing x and y values between −3 and 3. On these axes

(c.i) sketch the graph of y = f (x), showing clearly any axis intercepts
and giving the equations of any asymptotes. [4]

Markscheme

smooth curve over the correct domain which does not cross the y-axis

and is concave down for x > 1 A1

x-intercept at 0.607 A1
 equations of asymptotes given as x = 0 and x = 3 (the latter must be drawn)
A1A1

[4 marks]

(c.ii) sketch the graph of y = f

−1
(x), showing clearly any axis
intercepts and giving the equations of any asymptotes. [4]

Markscheme

attempt to reflect graph of f in y = x (M1)

smooth curve over the correct domain which does not cross the x-axis and is
concave down for y > 1 A1

y-intercept at 0.607 A1

equations of asymptotes given as y = 0 and y = 3 (the latter must be drawn)

A1
 Note: For FT from (i) to (ii) award max M1A0A1A0.

[4 marks]

(d) Hence, or otherwise, solve the inequality f (x) > f

−1
(x). [3]

Markscheme

solve f (x) = f
−1
(x) or f (x) = x to get x = 0.372 (M1)A1

0 < x < 0.372 A1

Note: Do not award FT marks.

[3 marks]

11. [Maximum mark: 7] 18M.2.AHL.TZ1.H_5

(a) Given that 2x 3 − 3x + 1 can be expressed in the form
+ 1) + Bx + C , find the values of the constants A, B
2
Ax (x

and C . [2]

Markscheme

* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain minor
differences in marking or structure.

3 2
2x − 3x + 1 = Ax (x + 1) + Bx + C

A = 2, C = 1, A1

A + B = −3 ⇒ B = −5 A1

[2 marks]
(b) Hence find ∫
3
2x −3x+1
dx. [5]
2
x +1

Markscheme

3
2x −3x+1 5x 1
∫
x +1
2
dx = ∫ (2x −
x +1
2
+ 2
x +1
)dx M1M1

Note: Award M1 for dividing by (x + 1) to get 2x, M1 for separating the 5x

2

and 1.

= x
2
−
5

2
ln (x
2
+ 1) + arctan x (+c) (M1)A1A1

5x
Note: Award (M1)A1 for integrating x +1
2
, A1 for the other two terms.

[5 marks]

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