Scribd
Upload
14 views

Lecture 5 Gasification Intro

Uploaded by

shahrier308
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
14 views

Lecture 5 Gasification Intro

Uploaded by

shahrier308
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Gasification

- for power generation

©KK

Department of Chemical Engineering, BUET

1
Gasification Fundamentals

Gasification takes place whenever there is a deficiency of oxygen in


the system with respect to the stoichiometric amount

If oxygen is used as the gasifying agent in the gasifier, it reacts


with the char (after devolatilization)

And further reactions take place

KK Source: Thermochemical conversion processes for waste biorefinery by Kawnish Kirtania 2


Gasification Fundamentals

Reactions take place with CO2 and H2O

Another reaction takes place spontaneously

At high temperature, the following reactions also take place

These two reactions reach eq. at different temperatures


Especially, methane steam reforming needs >1600 C to reach eq.
KK 3
Gasification vs. Combustion

Reducing Oxidizing

Video of Combustion and Gasification

KK 4
A bit of history of Gasification

Gasification was first used commercially in the 1800s for industrial


and residential heating and lighting

In 1609, Jan Baptista Van Helmont, a Belgian chemist and physician,


discovered that gas could be produced from heating wood or coal

Late 1600s: John Clayton experiments with capturing gas produced


from coal

1788: Robert Gardner becomes the first to obtain a patent dealing


with gasification

1791: John Barber receives the first patent in which "producer gas"
was used to drive an internal combustion engine

1798: Biomass gasification is first conceived when Philippe Lebon


led efforts to gasify wood

KK Ref: NETL, US DOE 5


Uses of Gasification

KK 6
Gasifiers – state of art

Based on the operating principal, gasification technologies are mainly


divided by the respective reactor types—

• Moving/fixed bed,
• Fluidized bed, and
• Entrained flow

Technical Maturity -
Fixed bed > Fluidized bed > Entrained flow

Market attractiveness -
Entrained flow > Fluidized bed > Fixed bed

KK 7
Fixed bed gasifier – Sasol Lurgi gasifier

KK Source: Coal gasification and its applications, David A Bell 8


Fluidized bed gasifier – Winkler gasifier

Fluidized-bed gasifiers operate between 750°C and 900°C providing


moderate carbon conversion efficiency (<70%)

KK Source: Coal gasification and its applications, David A Bell 9


Entrained flow gasifier – GE (Texaco)

KK Source: Coal gasification and its applications, David A Bell 10


Reference materials

• National Energy Technology Laboratory, US DOE


• Coal gasification and its applications, David A Bell
• Thermochemical Conversion Processes for Waste Biorefinery by Kawnish
Kirtania

KK 11
Questions?

End of Lecture

You can always ask by


e-mail: [email protected]

KK 12

You might also like