Fuels and Combustion Science

- Introduction

Dr. Kawnish Kirtania

Department of Chemical Engineering, BUET

2019

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course assessment - class tests etc.

Attendance – 10 % marks
Class Tests – Four class tests - best three out of four class tests
20 % marks

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course assessment - class tests etc.

Attendance – 10 % marks
Class Tests – Four class tests - best three out of four class tests
20 % marks

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course assessment - class tests etc.

Attendance – 10 % marks
Class Tests – Four class tests - best three out of four class tests
20 % marks

Final exam - 70 % marks

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

The discovery that changed our world

More than 600000 years ago human discovered

and controlled fire

1
Kentucky coal education
KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction
The discovery that changed our world

More than 600000 years ago human discovered

and controlled fire
Initially, the fuel was mostly biomass

1
Kentucky coal education
KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction
The discovery that changed our world

More than 600000 years ago human discovered

and controlled fire
Initially, the fuel was mostly biomass
Things changed quickly just 3000 yrs ago
When Chinese started using coal 1

1
Kentucky coal education
KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction
Fuel usage in USA

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

World energy usage

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

The most common chemical reaction in the world

Combustion?
Typically anything made of carbon and hydrogen can be burned to
produce energy

C + O2 = CO2
H2 + O2 = H2 O
S + O2 = SO2

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

The most common chemical reaction in the world

Combustion?
Typically anything made of carbon and hydrogen can be burned to
produce energy

C + O2 = CO2
H2 + O2 = H2 O
S + O2 = SO2

Is it that simple? - Probably not

Is it one step? - No
Needs to overcome activation energy? - Of course
Whiteboard

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

The most common chemical reaction in the world

For complete combustion we need:

Excess air
Temperature above 800 C (depending on the fuel)
Few seconds of residence time

Whiteboard

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Combustion

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Combustion

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Combustion

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Combustion

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Combustion

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Combined heat and power

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Road to sustainability

What is ’sustainability’ ?

Why is it so important?

Are we sustainable on this earth right now?

Can we remain sustainable? Are there enough resources?

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Global warming - is it a hoax?

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

I am not so sure - what is global warming again?

CO2 emission reaching over 400 ppm

Definitely we did not make that happen just by breathing out CO2
image source - Scripps Institute of Oceanography Mauna Loa Observatory/Climate Central

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Feeling warm!

Hottest year,
2016 - 1.30 C higher
than 19th century
What can we do?
Alternative fuels
Highly
efficient energy
production
CO2 capture
and storage

image source - NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Renewables

Bioenergy constituted approx. 10% of the global primary energy

supply in 2013

source - Renewables information, IEA 2015

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction
Renewables

Of the total renewables, biomass contributes around 74 % in 2013

source - Renewables information, IEA 2015

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

To know about the fuels and their types

Combustion fundamentals and practices

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

To know about the fuels and their types

Combustion fundamentals and practices
Different types of combustion flames
Thermochemical processes involved in combustion
Elementary combustion calculation

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

To know about the fuels and their types

Combustion fundamentals and practices
Different types of combustion flames
Thermochemical processes involved in combustion
Elementary combustion calculation
Thermodynamics of combustion
Efficiency of thermal processes

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

To know about the fuels and their types

Combustion fundamentals and practices
Different types of combustion flames
Thermochemical processes involved in combustion
Elementary combustion calculation
Thermodynamics of combustion
Efficiency of thermal processes
Combustion engines and their operating principles
Efficient power generation techniques

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

To know about the fuels and their types

Combustion fundamentals and practices
Different types of combustion flames
Thermochemical processes involved in combustion
Elementary combustion calculation
Thermodynamics of combustion
Efficiency of thermal processes
Combustion engines and their operating principles
Efficient power generation techniques
Environmental impacts
State of the art and current energy scenario

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

You should be able to determine energy efficiency of a fuel

conversion process

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

You should be able to determine energy efficiency of a fuel

conversion process
You should understand fuel conversion from small scale to
industrial scale/ power plants

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

You should be able to determine energy efficiency of a fuel

conversion process
You should understand fuel conversion from small scale to
industrial scale/ power plants
You should be acquainted with the fuel conversion
technologies

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

You should be able to determine energy efficiency of a fuel

conversion process
You should understand fuel conversion from small scale to
industrial scale/ power plants
You should be acquainted with the fuel conversion
technologies
You should understand the underlying mechanism of
conversion process

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Course intro....and aim

You should be able to determine energy efficiency of a fuel

conversion process
You should understand fuel conversion from small scale to
industrial scale/ power plants
You should be acquainted with the fuel conversion
technologies
You should understand the underlying mechanism of
conversion process
You should be aware of the current energy (Fossil and
Renewables) scenario and be prepared for conducting further
study in the area of energy engineering

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction

Questions?

End of Lecture

You can always ask by email:

[email protected]

KK Fuels and Combustion Science - Introduction