ENGLISH LANGUAGE

Lecture: 02
Topic: Pronoun & Its Classification, Vocabulary
(D-F)

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 PRONOUN

Pronoun : Noun এর পিরবেতর্ েয word ব+বহৃত হয় তােক pronoun বেল।

Pronoun েক িবেশ্লষণ কির, Pronoun = Pro + Noun

পিরবেতর্ িবেশষ*

Pronoun েকেনা দরকার? একই Noun বারবার ব+বহার করেল শৰ্ুিতকটু হয়। তাই বাক+েক সহজ ও শৰ্ুিতমধুর
করেত Pronoun দরকার হয়।

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 PRONOUN
Pronoun সাধারণত ৮ পৰ্কার।
Personal pronoun I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours, you, thee, your, yours, he, him,
(including possessive adj.) his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, their, theirs
Reflexive pronoun & Myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves
Emphatic pronoun etc. (noun/pronoun এর পের বসেলই এরা Emphatic)
Demonstrative pronoun This, these, that, those, so, such, the same, one, ones etc.
Indefinite pronoun One, any, some, many, all, few, several, none, no one, everyone,
someone, nobody, anybody, somebody, anything, nothing everything
they, another other (s)
Interrogative pronoun What, which, who, whom, whose etc.
Relative pronoun What, which, who, whom, whose, that, as, but whoever, whatever,
whichever etc.
Distributive pronoun Each, either, neither etc.
Reciprocal pronoun Each other, one another etc.

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 PRONOUN
Personal Pronoun
Subjective/No Objective Possessive Possessive
Person Number
minative from Adjective Pronoun
Singular I Me My Mine
1st Person
Plural We Us Our Ours
Singular You, Thou You, thee Your, thy Yours, thine
2nd person
Plural You You Your Yours
Singular He/She Him/her His/her His/hers
3rd Person Plural They Them Their Theirs
Singular It It its

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 POSSESSIVE PRONOUN
Possessive Pronoun: এই Pronoun দব্ারা Possession বা অিধকার েবাঝােনা হয়। েযমন: Mine, Ours, Yours etc.
উদাহরণ িহেসেব বলেত পাির,
‘Jane takes pride in Jane’s Outfits.’

Ø Personal pronoun এর Possessive form–এর দু’িট রূপ রেয়েছ।

v একিট রূপ: My, our, your, his, her, their, its এরা সাধারণত েকান Noun–এর আেগ বেস Adjective
এর ন+ায় ব+বহৃত হয়। েস জন+ এগ‌ুেলােক Pronominal adjective বা Possessive adjective বলা হয়।
েযমন: These are their pens.
v অপরিট হেলা: Mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs ইত+ািদ। এগ‌ুেলা Verb এর পের বেস এবং Pronoun
এর কাজ কের। েস জন+ এগ‌ুেলােক বলা হয় Possessive pronoun. এেদর পের েকান Noun ব+বহৃত হয় না।
েযমন: Teachers are more respectable to their students

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 POLL QUESTION-01
Ü Which one of the following is an example of an indefinite pronoun?.

(a) such

(b) this

(c) any

(d) either

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 REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
Reflexive Pronoun: এই pronoun self, selves েযােগ গিঠত হয় এবং কতর্া ও কমর্ একই ব+িক্তেক েবাঝায়।
েযমন : Myself, Ourselves, Yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, oneself, Itself

উদাহরণ :
(1) I believe in myself.
(2) He does his work by himself.
(3) She is ashamed of herself.

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 REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
Ø Preposition-এর object িহেসেব:
• He said to himself (= thought, ভাবনা), ‘I can go now’.
• She looked at herself. (েস িনেজর িদেক তাকাল।)
Ø কতকগ‌ুেলা Verb, reflexive pronoun সহ ব+বহৃত হয়। েযমন: avail, absent, pride, plume, exert
i) He availed himself of the opportunity.
ii) She absented herself from the meeting.
Ø Emphatic Pronouns: Noun বা Pronoun এর পের বেস েয Pronoun তার ওপর েজার আেরাপ কের
তােক Emphatic Pronoun বেল।
* Emphatic Pronoun েয Noun এর ওপর েজার িদেত হেব তার িঠক পের বেস। েযমন:
i) I met the president. (আিম েপৰ্িসেডেন্টর সেঙ্গ সাক্ষাৎ কেরিছলাম)
ii) I myself met the president. (আিম িনেজই েপৰ্িসেডেন্টর সেঙ্গ সাক্ষাৎ কেরিছলাম)

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 REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
Common errors with Reflexive Pronoun:
(1) Incorrect : Andrew and myself will conduct the meeting.
Correct : Andrew and I will conduct the meeting.

(2) Incorrect : You may submit your expenses to myself before Friday.
Correct : You may submit your expenses to me before Friday.

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 DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN

Demonstrative Pronoun: েকান িবষয়েক িনিদর্ষ্ট কের েবাঝােত আমরা Demonstrative Pronoun ব+বহার কির।
েযমন : this, that, these, those, it etc.

উদাহরণ :
(1) This is a present for my brother.
(2) These mangoes are not as sour as those mangoes.
(3) Darjeeling tea is better than that of Assam.

িব.দৰ্: Demonstrative Pronoun যখন েকান noun এর পূেবর্ বেস তখন তােক Demonstrative adjective বেল।
েযমন:
• These pencils are new. এখােন ‘These’ demonstrative adjective
• Such is the result of treachery. এখােন ‘Such’ demonstrative pronoun.

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 INTERROGATIVE & RELATIVE PRONOUN
q Interrogative Pronoun:
Who (েক) Who is he?
What (িক) What do you want?
Which (েকানিট) Which pen do you like?
Whom (কােক) Whom do you love most?
Whose (কার) Whose car is this?

q Relative Pronoun:
Which (েযিট) This is the book which I bought yesterday
Whom (যােক) I know whom he loves most.
Whose (যার) Everybody can tell you whose house this is.
Who (েয/িযিন) I know the man who came here yesterday.
What (যা) I do not know what he likes.
That (েয) He said that he did not do the work.

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 INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN
q Who, Which, what, whom, Whose- এগ‌ুেলা তখনই Interrogative Pronoun হেব যখন এগ‌ুেলা
sentence এর subject িহেসেব বসেব। আর এগ‌ুেলা তখনই Relative Pronoun যখন Sub-ordinate
Clause (Complex Sentence) এর Conjunction/Clause Marker িহেসেব বসেব।
q W এবং H দব্ারা েযসব Pronoun গিঠত তােদর ব+বহার কের েকােনা পৰ্শ্ন করেল তােক W/H Question বলা
হয়। েযমন- Who, Whom, What, Which, Whose, When, Where, How, Why ইত+ািদ এেদর দব্ারা
গিঠত পৰ্শ্নই W/H Question. Ex: Why do you not study sincerely? How should we prepare
ourselves? পৰ্ভৃিত।
অন+িদেক, Do, Does, Did পৰ্ভৃিত ব+বহার কের েকােনা পৰ্শ্ন করেল, যার উত্তর Yes বা No এর মাধ+েম েদওয়া
যায় তােক Yes/No Question বেল। Ex: Do you like folk song?

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 POLL QUESTION-02

Ü Which one is correct?

(a) One of my cousins are a doctor.

(b) One of my cousin is a doctor.

(c) One of my cousins is a doctor.

(d) One of my cousin are a doctor.

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 RECIPROCAL PRONOUN

Reciprocal Pronoun : এই Pronoun একািধক ব+িক্ত বা বস্তুর মেধ+ পরস্পািরক সম্পকর্ বুিঝেয় েদয়।
েযমন : Each other, one other.
Example :
(1) Maria and Jessica gave each other books.
(2) The defendants blame one another for the crime they were charged with.
When referring to two people we normally use ‘each other’
In case of more than two people we use ‘one another’

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 PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS
Ü ‘Who’s that?’ in this sentence ‘that’ is a/an [41th BCS]
(a) pronoun (b) conjunction
(c) adjective (d) adverb
Ü Which one of the following words is an example of a distributive pronoun? [38th BCS]
(a) such (b) either
(c) that (d) any
Ü My uncle has three sons— work in the same office. Which of the following is the best
form of Pronoun in the above sentence? [15th BCS]
(a) all to them (b) Each
(c) they all (d) all of whom
Ü Who, Which, What are— [12th BCS]
(a) Demonstrative pronoun (b) Relative Pronoun
(c) Reflexive pronoun (d) Indefinite Pronoun

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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Ü Dan and I waved ‘Hello’ to ______
(a) each other (b) one another
(c) ourselves (d) us

Ü The students talked to ______

(a) each other (b) one another
(c) themselves (d) anyone

Ü The two boys threw the ball back and forth to _________.
(a) each other (b) one another
(c) oneself (d) everyone

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 DISTRIBUTIVE PRONOUN
Distributive Pronoun : এই Pronoun এক জাতীয় একািধক ব+িক্ত বা বস্তুর মেধ+ পৰ্েত+কিটেক পৃথকভােব
েবাঝায়। েযমন : Each, Either, Neither

Example :
(1) Each of the boys is healthy.
(2) These boys received each a prize.
(3) Either of the roads leads to the market.
(4) Neither accusation is true.
Distributive Pronoun এর েক্ষেতৰ্ verb সবর্দা Singular হয়।

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 POLL QUESTION-03

Ü It was I ____________ he wanted to sing to.

(a) which

(b) that

(c) who

(d) whom

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 INDEFINITE PRONOUN
Indefinite Pronoun : সাধারণত অিনিদর্ষ্ট েকান ব+িক্ত বা বস্তুেক েবাঝােত আমরা Indefinite pronoun ব+বহার
কির।
েযমন : Any, one, anyone, some, someone, no one, anybody, somebody, nobody, many,
everyone all etc.

উদাহরণ :
(1) Anybody can do this easy task.
(2) Many of them were injured but a few escaped unhurt.

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 USES OF INDEFINITE PRONOUS
Some: ব+িক্তর েক্ষেতৰ্ Plural countable noun-এর পিরবেতর্ এবং বস্তুর েক্ষেতৰ্ Uncountable noun-এর পিরবেতর্ Some
ব+বহৃত হয়।
Plural countable noun-এর েক্ষেতৰ্ Some এর পরবতর্ী Verb-এর Plural number এবং Uncountable noun-এর
েক্ষেতৰ্ Uncountable noun-এর Verb Singular number হয়। েযমন:
There are many books on the table. ® Some are new and some are old.
Many people live in our village. ® Some are happy and some are unhappy.

Many/few: ‘Many’ ও ‘few’ Countable plural noun-এর েক্ষেতৰ্ ব+বহৃত হয়। অিধক সংখ+ক েবাঝােত Many এবং অল্প
সংখ+ক েবাঝােত few ব+বহৃত হয়। উভয় েক্ষেতৰ্ Verb-এর Plural number হয়। েযমন:
Many were called at the interview but few were chosen.
The building has many flats but few are good.

Much/little: ‘Much’ ও ‘little’ Uncountable noun-এর পিরবেতর্ বেস। অিধক পিরমাণ েবাঝােত Much এবং অিত
সামান+ পিরমাণ েবাঝােত little ব+বহৃত হয়। উভয় েক্ষেতৰ্ Verb-এর Singular number হয়। েযমন:
The little that I have seen of his work is satisfactory.

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 POLL QUESTION-04
Ü Do you know anyone __ could help me fix my computer?

(a) where

(b) which

(c) who

(d) whose

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 WHO VS WHOM

01. The girl _________ hit the winning home run was a hero.
02. I don't know _________ made this mess.
03. _________ are you going to the movies with?
04. I need to know _________ will clean up this mess.
05. To _________ should I give the message?
06. For _________ the Bell Tolls is a book by Ernest Hemingway.
07. _________ are you talking about?
08. _________ will help him wash the dishes?
09. My cousin, _________ likes to dance, took me a new club last night.
10. _________ are you voting for in the election?

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 WHO VS WHOM (ANSWER)

01. who (She hit the home run.)

02. who (even though this is an object, who is functioning here as a subject: He made the mess.)
03. whom (We are going with him.)
04. who (They will clean up the mess.)
05. whom (I will give the message to her,)
06. whom (The bell tolls for him.)
07. whom (I am talking about her.)
08. who (He will help wash the dishes.)
09. who (He likes to dance.)
10. whom (I am voting for her.)

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 USE OF ‘IT’
Rules for the use of ‘it’ :
(i) For things without life or an idea.
Here is your book. Take it.
It is the opinion of the public.

(ii) For animals unless we clearly wish to speak of them as male or female
The horse fell and broke its leg.

(iii) For young child unless we clearly wish to refer to the gender.
When I saw the child, it was crying.

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 USE OF ‘IT’
Rules for the use of ‘it’ :
(iv) To refer to some statement.
He told a lie and he knew it.
He deserved his punishment as he knew it.

(v) To emphasis the noun or pronoun :

It is you who are to be blamed.

(vi) For denoting weather or time.

It is fine weather.
It is 8 O’clock.

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 POLL QUESTION-05

Ü Which one is the correct sentence given below?

(a) You, I and he went there.

(b) He, you and I went there.

(c) I, you and he are guilty.

(d) You, I and he went there.

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 MANNERS IN PRONOUN

Good manners require to say 2nd person first 3rd person next and 1st person at last.
Example :
(1) You and I will go there
(2) You, he and I is going to study tomorrow
But in admitting faults the pattern will reverse
Example :
(1) I , you and he are guilty.
(2) You and he should admit your guilt.

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 MANNERS IN PRONOUN
Some common mistakes :
(1) Incorrect : The presents are for you and I.
Correct : The presents are for you and me.

(2) Incorrect : Nobody will help you but I.

Correct : Nobody will help you but me.

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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Ü They bought new furniture for _________ house.
(a) Mine (b) Theirs
(c) Their (d) Ours

Ü I am always talking to _________

(a) myself (b) ourselves
(c) yourself (d) themselves

Ü ___________ is making my computer act up.

(a) Anyone (b) Something
(c) each (d) Everyone

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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Ü Terry is taller than _____ .
(a) I (b) me
(c) she (d) we

Ü The festival, _______ lasted all day ended with a banquet.

(a) that (b) who
(c) which (d) what

Ü This is ______ speaking.

(a) he (b) his
(c) him (d) their

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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS
Ü ______ would you prefer, coffee or tea?
(a) Who (b) Whom
(c) Which (d) Whose
Ü ______ did you tell?
(a) Whom (b) What
(c) Whose (d) Which
Ü What is all this noise?
(a) Adverb (b) Adjective
(c) Noun (d) Pronoun
Ü Some are born genius.
(a) Noun (b) Pronoun
(c) Adjective (d) Adverb

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 PRACTICE QUESTION
Ü িনেচর েকানিট Personal pronoun?
(a) And (b) This
(c) You (d) Who
Ü েকানিট reflexive pronoun?/ Which one is reflexive pronoun?
(a) He (b) Each
(c) Myself (d) Who
Ü Which one is the indefinite pronoun?
(a) Who (b) anybody
(c) myself (d) they
Ü Who, What, Which, Whom are_____________
(a) Demonstrative pronoun (b) Reflexive pronoun
(c) Relative pronoun (d) Indefinite pronoun

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 PRACTICE QUESTION
Ü One should be careful about….duty. বােক+র শূ ণ+স্থােন সিঠক শe বসেব-
(a) his (b) her
(c) one’s (d) the
Ü We could not buy anything because….of the shops was open.
(a) nothing (b) all
(c) no one (d) none
Ü Which of the following sentence is correct?
(a) Which shirt he bought is blue in colour.
(b) The shirt which he bought is blue in colour.
(c) That shirt which he has bought is blue in colour.
(d) The shirt that which he bought is blue in colour.
Ü Between….., this is the greatest book I’ve ever read.
(a) you and me (b) I and you
(c) you’re and I’m (d) you and I
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 PRACTICE QUESTION

Ü Which is right?
(a) He and myself went out. (b) Myself and he went out.
(c) I and he went out (d) He and I went out.
Ü Choose the correct sentence-
(a) I, you and he were present in the class.
(b) You, he and I were present in the class
(c) You, he and I was present in the class.
(d) He, you and I was present in the class.
Ü Choose the correct sentence-
(a) Let him and you be witnesses. (b) Let you and him be witnesses.
(c) Let you and he be witnesses. (d) Let you and he witnesses.

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 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Dilemma িবপজ্জনক অবস্থা Predicament, Catch, Quandary Extrication, Rebutment, Advantage
Intentional, Premeditated,
Deliberate সু িচিন্তত, েসব্চ্ছাকৃত Accidental, Rash, Hurried
Preplanned, Intended
Contradict, Refute, Rebuff, Reject, Admit, Confess, Affirm,
Deny অগৰ্াহ*,অসব্ীকার করা
Refuse, Decline, Reject Acknowledge
Durable েটকসই, স্থায়ী Enduring, Long lasting Brittle, Fragile
Deter (v) িনবৃত্ত করা Prevent, Obstruct, Stop Assist, Aid
Decay (n) ক্ষয়/ পতন Decline, Collapse, Downfall Growth, Strength, Robustness
Demonstrate (v) পৰ্দশর্ন করা Manifest, Explain Veil, Mystify, Perplex, Mask
Deprive (v) বিঞ্চত করা Debar, Hinder, Divest, Separate Add, Assist, Refund, Repay
Daring, Reckless, Furious,
Desperate (adj) মিরয়া/ েবপেরায়া Clam, Peaceful, Hopeful
Hopeless, Irretrievable
Diligence (n) অধ*বসায়/ পিরশৰ্ম Assiduity, Industry, Intensity Laziness, Indolence, Sluggishness

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 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Dogma, Precept, Tenet, Schism, Heterodoxy, Falsehood,
Doctrine (n) মতবাদ/ িবশব্াস
Credence Incredulity, Skepticism
Argument, Disagreement,
Disput (n) িববাদ/ িবতকর্ করা Agree, Accordance, Congruity
Contest, Variance
Disagree, Contend, Dispute, Agree, Approve, Credit,
Dissent (v) মতেভদ/ িভন্নমত হওয়া
Disapprove, Demur Section, Endorsee
অন+মনস্ক করা/ হতবুিদ্ধ Perplex, Bewilder, Confuse, Placate, Mollify, Assuage,
Distract (v)
করা Mystify, Embarrass Mitigate, Conciliate
Dearth দুষ্পৰ্াপ+তা Scarcity, Paucity, Shortage Abundance, Plethora
Decry িনন্দা করা Censure, Disparage Extol, Laud, Praise
Defamatory িনন্দামূ লক কাজ Libelous, Slanderous Admiring, Laundatory
Dejected মনমরা/হতাশা Dispirited, Despondent Happy, Elated, Content
Deleterious ক্ষিতকর Detrimental, Harmful Beneficial, Helpful
Denounce েদাষােরাপ করা Condemn, Censure, Vilify Commend, Extol, Laud

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 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Deprecate িবরুেদ্ধ বলা Disapprove, Condemn Endorse, Approve
Depressed মনমরা Dispirited, Dejected, Gloomy Elated, Cheerful, Joyful
Despise অবজ্ঞা/ঘৃণা করা Scorn, Loathe, Abhor Admire, Esteem
Unsound, Misinstructive,
Didactic িশক্ষামূ লক Educational, Instructive
Erroneous
Din ৈহৈচ Clamor, Uproar, Hubbub Quiet, Silence
১.মতাৈনক+ 1. Dispute, Conflict 1. Agreement
Discord
২. েবসু েরা 2. Cacophony, Dissonance 2. Consonance, Harmony
Disparage অবজ্ঞা/েহয় করা Criticize, Belittle,, Deride Applaud, Extol, Praise
Disparity অসমতা Inequality, Dissimilarity Harmony, Accord
Dispute তকর্ করা Challenge, Disagree, Argue Agree, Concur
Docile বাধ+, বশ মােন Obedient, Compliant Unruly, Disobedient
Dormant সু প্ত/অিকৰ্য় Inactive, Sleeping, Latent Active, Awake
Dreadful ভয়ঙ্কর Terrible, Horrible, Tragic Delightful, Pleasant

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Dastard কাপুরুষ Cowardly, Creven, Timorous Brave, Gallant, Valiant
Daunt ভীত/িনরুৎসািহত Intimidate, Frighten, Cow Encourage, Hearten
Debacle পতন/চরম পরাজয় Disaster, Collapse, Fiasco Success, Victory
Desultory এেলােমেলা Indiscriminate, Random Planned, Organized
Industrious, Hardworking, Lazy, Indolent, Slothful, Apathetic,
Diligent পিরশৰ্মী
Assiduous, Persevering Lethergic
Discontented অতৃপ্ত/অসন্তুষ্ট Dissatisfied, Unhappy Satisfied, Content
Dishevelled অিবন*স্ত/আলুথালু Unkempt, Ruffled, Disorderly Unruffled,
Disinterested িনরেপক্ষ Impartial, Neutral, Unbiased Biased, Prejudiced
Disparate অসদৃ শ Dissimiliar, Different Smiliar, Like, Akin
Disperse ছিড়েয় েদয়া Extend, Scatter, Spread Amass,
Dissent মতেভদ করা Disagree, Oppose, Differ Agree, Concur, Coincide
Distinguished সম্মািনত Famous, Celebrated, Renowned Unknown, Unfaimiliar
Dulcet সু েরলা/শৰ্ুিতমধুর Mellifluous, Melodious Harsh
Deceit, Deception, Fraud, Pretence,
Duplicity কপটতা/ছলনা Frankness, Candor, Openness
Trickery, Treachery

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Eccentric অদ্ভুত Peculiar, Odd, Strange Common, Ordinary
Ecstasy পরমানন্দ/উচ্ছব্াস Elation, Rapture, Euphoria Agony, Depression
Effortless সহজ, অনায়াস Facile, Easy, Simplistic Hard, Difficult, Tough
Eligible মেনানয়েনর েযাগ+ Fit to be chosen, Suitable Ineligible, Disqualified
Eloquent বাকপটু Persuasive, Expressive Inarticulate, Mumbling
Endanger িবপদগৰ্স্ত/িবপন্ন করা Imperil, Jeopardize Protect, Defend
Approbation, Commendation,
Endorsement (n) অনু েমাদন/ সমথর্ন Censure, Reprimand, Reproach
Consent, Sanctions
Endurance সিহষ্ণুতা, ৈধযর্+ Stamina, Durability, Patience Frailty,(Weakness)
Endure (v) সহ+ করা/স্থায়ী হওয়া Sustain, Tolerate, Undergo, Persist Falter, Succinct, Disperse, Wane
Enmity শতৰ্ুতা, িবেদব্ষ Animosity, Hostility, Malice Amity, Friendship
Earnestness, Excitement,
Enthusiasm (n) গভীর আগৰ্হ Apathy, Ennui, Unconcern
Fanaticism, Fervency, Fervor, Zeal

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
১. অিনয়িমত 1. Abnormal, Irregular 1. Peculiar, Natural
Erratic
২. েখয়ািল 2. Capricious, Odd 2. Stable, Consistent
Faulty, Improper,
Erroneous (adj) ভৰ্ান্ত Correct, Right, Proper
Aberrant, Iniquitous
Crucial, Indispensable, Vital, Unimportant, Trivial, Petty,
Essential অপিরহাযর্
Important, Necessary Minor
Ceaseless, Everlasting,
Ephemeral, Finite, Temporal,
Ceaseless
Eternal (adj) অনন্ত/ িচরস্থায়ী Transient, Transitory,
Infinite, Perpetual, Endless,
Transient, Temporary
Permanent, Perpetual
Excess মাতৰ্ািধক+, বাড়িত Surplus, Excessive, Extra Enadequate, Scarce
সম্পাদন করা/ পৰ্াণদণ্ড Accomplish, Achieve,
Execute (v) Block, Defeat, Unaccomplished
েদয়া Consummate, Perform

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
1. Manipulate, Utilize, Handle,
১. েশাষণ করা 1. Ignore, Neglect, Waste
Exploit (v) Manage
২. বীরতব্পূ ণর্ কাজ 2. Failure, Defeat
2. Achievement, Feat, Deed,
Expose পৰ্কাশ করা Reveal, Disclose, Divulge Hide, Conceal, Cover
Equivocal দব্+থর্ক/অিনিশ্চত Ambiguous, Vague, Unclear Precise, Definite
Eulogy পৰ্শংসাপূ ণর্ উিক্ত Encomium, Panegyric Criticism, Censure
Everlasting িচরস্থায়ী/অনন্ত Eternal, Perpetual,Permanent Ephemeral, Fleeting
১. অপৰ্াসিঙ্গক 1. Not Germane 1. Germane, Relevant
Extraneous
২. িবেদিশ 2. Foreign, Alien, Exotic 2. Indigenous (েদশীয়)
Elated অত+ন্ত উল্লািসত Overjoyed, Jubilant, Joyful Sad, Dejected (মন-মরা)
Engender উৎপাদন করা Generate, Produce Destroy, Obliterate
Passing, Temporary,
Ephemeral ক্ষণস্থায়ী Eternal, Lasting, Perpetual
Transitory
Exaggeration অিতরঞ্জন, চাপাবািজ Hyperbole, Overstatement Understatement, Sarcasm

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Acquit, Absolve, Exculpate,
Exonerate অিভেযাগ হেত মুিক্ত েদয়া Prove Guilty, Convict
Free
Exorbitant অত+িধক Excessive, Too Much Reasonable, Moderate
Extol পৰ্শংসা করা Praise, Eulogize, Exalt, Laud Belittle, Criticize
Fascinating (Adj) আকষর্ণীয়/ মেনারম Charming, Interesting Boring, Dull
Facetious সরস Humorous, Jocular Solemn (গম্ভীর)
Sturdy, Difficult,
Facile (Adj) সহজ সাধ+ Weak, Easy, Docile, Flexible,
Determined, Inflexible
Facilitate (V) সহজতর করা Expedite, Make easier Hinder, Deter
Facsimile হবহু পৰ্িতিলিপ Copy, Duplicate, Replica Original, Real
Familiar সু পিরিচত, পৰ্চিলত Common, Well-known Unknown, Unfamiliar
Eccentric, Humorous,
Literal, Real, Realistic,
Fanciful (Adj) কল্পনািপৰ্য় Capricious, Whimsical,
Accurate, Truthful
Imaginary

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Fastidious খুঁতখুঁেত Meticulous, Painstaking Careless, Easygoing
Fatuous েবাকা/েবাকােট Asinine, Inane, Silly, Idiotic Judicious, Prudent, Sage
Favoritism পক্ষপািততব্ Partiality, Bias, Prejudice Neutrality, Impatiality
Feasible (Adj) বাস্তবায়ন েযাগ+ Practicable, Workable Impossible, Impractical
Frail, Exhausted, Faint, Forceful, Stout, Strong,
Feeble (Adj) দুবর্ল/ অেযাগ+
Weak, Dull Vigorous
Productive, Fruitful, Rich,
Unproductive, Fruitless,
Fertile (Adj) উবর্র/ ফলপৰ্সূ Luxuriant, Prolific, Fecund,
Barren, Sterile
Conducive
Fervour উৎসাহ Ardor, Zeal (আকুলতা) Apathy (উদাসীনতা)
Feverish (Adj) অিত ব+াকুল Zealous, Ardent Nonchalant
Capricious, Fanciful,
Fickle েখয়ািল, চঞ্চল Firm, Steady, Unstable
Whimsical

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
Faithfulness, Integrity, Infidelity, Disloyalty,
Fidelity (N) িবশব্স্ততা Loyalty, Honesty, Treachery, Faithlessness,
Truthfulness Dishonesty
Flamboyant আরমব্রপূণর্ Showy, Ornate Simple (সাদামাটা)
Flatter েতাষােমাদ করা Over-Praise, Cajole Censure (িনন্দা করা)
Flaunt জািহর করা Show Off, Exhibit Conceal, Hide
Elastic, Easy, Changeable, Hard, Rigid, Inflexible,
Flexible (Adj) নমনীয়
Yielding Tough, Stiff
Flimsy পাতলা Thin, Delicate, Slight, Frail Strong, Brawny
Pallid, Bare, Chaste,
Florid (Adj) বেণর্াজ্জব্ল Ornate, Flowery, Adorned
Unadorned
Flourishing উন্নিত/সমৃদ্ধশীল Prospering, Thriving Declining, Failing

English Language-02
 VOCABULARY
Word Meaning Synonyms Antonyms
১. উঠামানা করা 1. Change Often 1. Remain Steady
Fluctuate
২. মনিস্থর না হওয়া 2. Waver, Vacillate 2. Be Resolute, Determine
Foolishness, Idiocy, Silliness,
Folly মুখর্তা/েবাকািম Prudence, Discretion (িবচক্ষণতা)
Stupidity, Imprudence
Formidable (Adj) ভীিতকর/ দুদর্ান্ত Dreadful, Horrible Enjoyable, Pleasant
Breakable, Brittle, Feeble,
Fragile (Adj) ভঙ্গুর Adhere, Persist, Stick
Frail, Weak, Frangible
Awful, Terrible, Dreadful, Attractive, Beautiful, Lovely,
Frightful (Adj) ভীিতজনক
Alarming Pleasant
Frugal (Adj) িমতব+য়ী Economical, Stingy, Thrifty Extravagant, Wasteful
Funereal (Adj) েশাকাবহ Mournful, Dismal, Obsequies Cheerful, Gay
Furtive েগাপেনকৃত/েচারা Stealthy, Clandestine, Secret Unconcealed, Open
Futile (Adj) অকাযর্কর/ ব+থর্ Ineffective, Vain Effective, Successful

English Language-02
 POLL QUESTION-06

Ü What do you mean by the word ‘expunge’?

(a) to delete

(b) to add

(c) to improve

(d) to include

English Language-02
 PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTION
Ü What is the antonym for the word ‘deformation’? [43rd BCS]
(a) distortion (b) contortion (c) wholeness (d) disfigurement
Ü Choose the word opposite in meaning to ‘terse’: [41st BCS]
(a) concise (b) detailed (c) expressive (d) descriptive
Ü The word ‘florid’ indicates- [39th BCS]
(a) flour (b) foliage (c) floor (d) flower
Ü The word ‘culinary’ is related to. [39th BCS]
(a) Printing (b) cooking (c) dress (d) musical instruments
Ü Select the word that is the most closely opposite in meaning to
the capitalized word : DELETERIOUS. [37th BCS]
(a) toxic (b) spurious (c) harmless (d) lethal

English Language-02
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