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A5

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3 views

A5

Uploaded by

vinklou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Now we sketch the proof of the Alternating Series Test.

n
X
Exercise 6. Suppose that 0 < bn+1  bn for n 2 N and lim bn = 0. Let sn = ( 1)k 1
bk . We want to show
n!1
k=1
that lim sn exists.
n!1
(1) Show that s2n+2 s2n and 0 < s2n < b1 for all n 2 N. Hence {s2n } is a monotonic and bounded sequence
and lim s2n exists by the monotonic sequence theorem.
n!1

(2) Show that lim s2n+1 exists and lim s2n+1 = lim s2n . Hence lim sn exists which implies that the series
n!1 n!1 n!1 n!1
1
X
( 1)n 1
bn converges.
n=1

The proof of the Alternating Series Test also concludes that s2n  s  s2n+1 for all n 2 N. Therefore, s lies between
any two consecutive partial sums sn and sn+1 and we have the following estimation for the remainder term.

1
X
Alternating Series Estimation Theorem. Suppose that s = ( 1)n 1
bn where 0 < bn+1  bn for all n 2 N
n=1
n
X
and lim bn = 0. Let sn = ( 1)k 1
bk and Rn = s sn . Then |Rn |  bn+1 .
n!1
k=1

X1
( 1)n
Exercise 7. Consider the series .
n=1
n · 3n
(a) Show that the series is convergent.

1
X ( 1)n 4
(b) Find an integer n0 such that |Rn0 | = < 10 .
n=n0 +1
n · 3n

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