Anxiety Clinical

Diagnostic Criteria Statistics Causes Treatment

Disorder Description
• Patients must have
excessive anxiety
and worry about a • GAD
number of affects 6.8
activities or million
adults or • Stress
events (eg, work
3.1% of • A physical
and school
the U.S. condition
performance),
population, such as • SSRIs
• Timeline: occurring
yet only diabetes or (Selective
An anxiety more days than not
43.2% are other serotonin
disorder wherein for ≥ 6 months. It
receiving comorbidities reuptake
its most common is also NOT
treatment. such as inhibitors)
symptoms mean associated with a
NIMH: Ge depression
that you are specific person or
Generalized neralized • Genetic, first- • SNRIs
worrying event.
Anxiety Anxiety degree (Serotonin
constantly and • The worries are
Disorder Disorder. relatives with and norepi
can't control the difficult to control
Women generalized nephrine
worrying. and must be
are twice anxiety reuptake
Characterized by associated with ≥
as likely to disorder(25% inhibitors)
EXCESSIVE 3 of the following:
be affected )
WORRY. • CBT
• Restlessness or a as men. • Environment
GAD often al factors as
keyed-up or on-
edge feeling co-occurs child abuse
with major • Substance
• Easy fatigability
• Difficulty depression use disorder
.
concentrating
• Irritability
• Muscle tension
• Disturbed sleep
 is an anxiety • Timeline: 1+months
disorder
characterized • An abrupt surge of
by unexpected intense fear or
and repeated intense discomfort
episodes of that reaches a peak
intense fear within minutes and
accompanied by during which time
physical four or more of the
symptoms that following symptoms Family history
may include occur. of anxiety
PD affects 6
chest pain, heart disorders or depress
• Palpitations, pounding million adults or Maintenance:
palpitations, heart, or accelerated
ive
2.7% of the U.S. SSRIs+CBT
Panic shortness of heart rate population. NIMH
Disorder breath, negative life
• Sweating : Panic Disorders. Abortive:
and dizziness, or experiences
Women are twice Benzodiazepines
Agoraphobia abdominal • Trembling or shaking as likely to be
distress. Fear of physical medical
• Sensations of affected as men.
panic attacks conditions
that cause shortness of breath or
smothering
change of
behavior and • Feeling of choking
avoidance.
• Chest pain or
discomfort
Irrational fear of
public spaces, • Nausea or abdominal
closed spaces, distress
public
• Feeling dizzy,
transportation, unsteady, lightheaded,
and lines. or faint
 • Derealization (feelings
of unreality) or
depersonalization
(being detached from
oneself)

• Fear of losing control

or “going crazy”

• Fear of dying
• Paresthesias
(numbness or tingling
sensation)

• Chills or hot flushes

Timeline: 6+ Months
List of Symptoms:
Temperament:
Women are twice Research suggests
is an intense, Unreasonable,
as likely to be that people who
persistent, excessive fear
affected than exhibit
irrational fear of
men. more behavioral Systematic
a specific object, Immediate anxiety
inhibition have a Desensitization
Specific situation, or response: The fear
Symptoms higher risk for a (Behavioral
Phobia activity, or reaction must be out of
typically begin in variety of anxiety Therapy)
person. Ego- proportion to the actual
childhood; the disorders, including
dystonic(aware) danger.
average age of specific phobias.
onset is 7 years Genetics
Avoidance or extreme
old. Experiences
distress: The individual
goes out of their way to
avoid the object or
 situation, or endures it
with extreme distress.

Life-limiting

Six months duration

Not caused by another

disorder: Many anxiety
disorders have similar
symptoms. A doctor or
therapist would first have
to rule out similar
conditions such
as agoraphobia, obsessio
nal-compulsive
disorder (OCD), and
separation anxiety
disorder before diagnosing
a specific phobia.

everyday Inherited Traits

interactions Persistent, intense fear or Maintenance:
SAD is equally
cause significant anxiety about specific SSRIs/CBT
common among Brain Structure
anxiety, self- social situations
Social men and women (Overactive
consciousness Performance:
Anxiety and typically Amygdala)
and Avoidance of anxiety- Beta-blockers
Disorder begins around
embarrassment producing social situations
age 13 Environment
because you or enduring them with Benzodiazepines
(Learned Behavior)
fear being intense fear or anxiety
scrutinized or
 judged Excessive anxiety that's
negatively by out of proportion to the
others situation

Interferes with daily living

Fear or anxiety that is not

better explained by a
medical condition,
medication or substance
abuse

Timeline: Greater than 1 Women are 5x

month more likely to be
affected than
is a real disorder Trauma Symptoms men. Stressful
that develops experiences and
when a person Hyperarousal Rape is the most trauma Maintenance:
has experienced likely trigger of SSRIs
or witnessed a Avoidance PTSD: 65% of Inherited mental
Posttraumati
scary, shocking, men and 45.9% health risks Symptomatic
c-Stress
terrifying, or Intrusive symptoms of women who (Nightmares):
Disorder
dangerous (Nightmares and are raped will Temperament Prazosin
event. These Flashbacks) develop the
events are disorder. Brain chemistry
usually life- Cognitive Change (GAD,
threatening Major Depressive Childhood sexual
Disorders) abuse is a strong
predictor of the
lifetime likelihood
 of developing
PTSD.

Having obsessions,
compulsions or both.

The obsessions or
compulsions take up a lot
of time (more than an hour
Women are 3x
is a long-lasting per day).
more likely to be
disorder in which affected than
a person The obsessions or
men. Genetics
experiences compulsions cause
uncontrollable distress or affect your Psychotherapy
The average age Brain Changes
and recurring participation in social and medication
of onset is 19,
thoughts activities, work
Obsessive- with 25% of PANDAs Syndrome-
(obsessions), responsibilities or other life Transcranial
Compulsive cases occurring strep
engages in events. magnetic
Disorder by age 14. One- disesase.
repetitive stimulation
third of affected
behaviors The symptoms aren’t
adults first Childhood trauma
(compulsions), caused by substances,
experienced
or both. Is Egp- alcohol, medications or
symptoms in
dystonic another medical condition.
childhood.
The symptoms aren’t
explained by a different
mental health condition,
such as generalized
anxiety disorder, eating
disorder or body image
disorder
 Preoccupation with 1 or
more perceived defects
or flaws in physical
appearance that are not
observable or appear
slight to others.
BDD rates about o Abuse or
At some point during the
adolescents and bullying
course of the disorder, the
college students o Low self-
individual has performed
is higher among esteem
is a mental repetitive behaviors (e.g. -
females than
health condition mirror checking, excessive o Fear of being
males
where a person grooming, skin picking, rejected
CBT and SRIs
spends a lot of reassurance seeking) or o Perfectionism
Body 2.4% of adults in (Serotonin
time worrying mental acts (e.g. - or comparing
Dysmorphic the United States Reuptake
about flaws in comparing his or her yourself with
Disorder struggle with Inhibitor)
their appearance with that of others
BDD, almost
appearance. others) in response to the
equally between o Genetics
appearance concerns.
men and women o Depression,
The preoccupation anxiety or
Mean age of the OCD
causes clinically
onset of BDD is
significant distress or
16-17 years old
impairment in social,
occupational, or other
important areas of
functioning.

The appearance
preoccupation is not better
explained by concerns
 with body fat or weight in
an individual whose
symptoms meet diagnostic
criteria for an eating
disorder
Hoarding- Recurrent pulling out of one's Hoarding
More common in
where someone hair which results in hair loss. • Difficult
woman than in men
acquires an feelings
Repeated attempts to decrease In women, the most • Perfectionism
excessive
or stop hair pulling. common age of and worrying
number of items
onset is near
and stores them • Childhood
Causes significant distress or menarche
in a chaotic experiences
impairment in functioning (Trichotillomania)
manner, usually • Trauma and
(social, occupational, etc.). There is variability
resulting in loss
unmanageable among studies • Family
Symptoms are not better regarding gender
amounts of explained by another history or
prevalence, but most CBT
Hoarding, clutter. The medical/psychiatric condition. habits
Trichotillom items can be of estimate that >75%
Recurrent skin picking resulting of diagnoses are SSRIs
ania, and little or no Trichotillomania
Excoriation monetary value in skin lesions. women.
• OCD
• Genetics
Repeated attempts to decrease Mean age of onset is
Trichotillomani
or stop skin picking. 12 years old,
a- is when Excoriation
typically coinciding
someone cannot • An infection,
Patients have persistent with the onset of
resist the urge to rash, or injury
difficulty discarding or parting puberty.
pull out their that’s creates
with possessions, regardless of (Excoriation)
hair. They may HD appears to affect a scab
their actual value.
pull out the hair men and women at • Stress or
on their head or The difficulty discarding is due similar rates. Mental
in other places, to the perceived need to save Health
such as their the items and to the distress conditions
 eyebrows or associated with discarding
eyelashes them.

Excoriation- is The accumulated possessions

characterized by congest and clutter active
the conscious living areas (ie, not basements
repetitive picking or storage areas) and
of skin that leads substantially compromise the
to skin lesions intended use of these areas.
and significant
The hoarding causes significant
distress or
distress or impairs social,
functional occupational, or other areas of
impairment. functioning.