CHN WEEK 1 social, mental and physiological

changes”
Community 4. Eudaimonistic Model
● a group or collection of people “An elevated level of wellness
sharing common geographic suggests optimal health and illness
boundaries and/or common values is reflected by a lack of vitality. views
and interests within a specific social health as wellness”
system.
● This social system includes the Health equity
health system, family system, ● It is when everyone has the
economic system, educational opportunity to be as healthy as
system, religious systems, welfare possible.
system, political system, recreational
system, legal system and What is the difference between public
communication system. health and community health?

Health Public health

● It is a basic human right. ● Is the science and art of preventing
● WHO: “It is a state of complete disease, prolonging life and
physical, mental and social well- promoting health and efficiency
being and not merely the absence of through organized community effort.
disease or infirmity” ● Generally regarded as a
● Florence Nightingale: she looked responsibility of the government. It
into health and illness in relation to connotes organized, legislated and
the environment. She prescribed tax-supported efforts that serve all
ways to improve health by people through health departments
manipulating the environment. or related governmental agencies.
● Dorothea Orem: A state character by ● Focuses on the population health in
soundness and wholeness of human national and local levels.
structures and bodily and mental Community health
functions. ● Extends the realm of public health to
include organized health efforts at
Models of health the community level through both
1. Clinical Model government and private efforts.
“It is the absence of signs and ● Participants include privately funded
symptoms of disease and illness that agencies.
refers to its presence.
2. Role Performance Model What is community health nursing?
“ The individuals; ability to perform ● It is one of the two major fields of
societal roles” nursing in the philippines; the other
3. Adaptive Model is hospital nursing.
“It is a dynamic state. Individual is ● It is broader than public health
considered to be healthy if he/she nursing.
was able to adjust positively to
 ● It includes public health nursing, Community and Public Health Nurse?
occupational health nursing, school ● Constitute a large group of health
nursing,correctional nursing and care workers. Therefore, they are in
independent practice. a position to assist in the transition
● Synthesis of nursing knowledge and of the Philippine Health Care system
practice of public health, to a health-oriented system.
implemented via a systematic use of
the nursing process and other Public Health Workers
processes to promote health and ● Medical Officer - Physician
prevent illness in population groups. ● Public Health Nurse
● It is associated with health and the ● Rural Health Midwife
identification of populations at risk ● Dentist
rather than with an episodic ● Nutritionist
response to patient demand. ● Medical Technologist
● Pharmacist
● Rural Sanitary Inspector
Goal of Community and Public Health
Nursing Roles of CPHN
Major goal is to preserve health of the ● Healthcare Provider
community and surrounding populations ● Health Educator
by focusing on: Program Implementer
● Health promotion ● Community Organizer
● Health maintenance of individuals, ● Manager/Leader
families and groups within the ● Researcher/Epidemiologist
community. ● Client Advocate
● Disease prevention
Public Health
Basic Principles of CPHN The art and science of
● CPHN practice is affected by ● preventing disease
developments in health, technology, ● prolong life
in particular, change in society in ● promoting health and efficiency
general through organized community effort
● The goal of CPHN is achieved
through multi-sectoral efforts objectives of public health nursing
● CPHN is a part of health care CODES
system and the larger human ● Control of communicable diseases
service system ● Organization of Medical and Nursing
services
Clients of Community and Public Health ● Development of Social Machineries
Nurse ● Education
● Individual ● Sanitation of the environment
● Family
● Population group
● Community
Public health 3 core functions development and health system
● Assessment planning).
Regular collection, analysis and 6. Enforce laws and regulations that
information sharing about health protect health and ensure safety
conditions, risks, and resources in a (e,g, enforcement of sanitary codes
community. to ensure safety of environment).
● Policy Development 7. Link people to needed personal
use information gathered during services and ensure that provision of
assessment to develop local and health care when otherwise
state health policies and to direct unavailable ( services that increase
resources toward those policies. access to healthcare).
● Assurance 8. Assure competent: public and
Focuses on the availability of personal health care workforce (e,g
necessary services throughout the education and training for all public
community. It includes maintaining health care providers).
the ability of both public health and 9. Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility,
agencies and private providers to and quality of personal and
manage day to day operations and population-based health services
capacity to respond to critical (e,g, continuous evaluation of public
situations and emergencies. health programs).
10. Research for new insights and
Essential public health services innovative solutions to health
1. Monitor health status to identify and problems (e,g, links with academic
solve community health problems institutions and capacity for
(e,g, community health profile, vital epidemiologic and economic
statistics, and health status). analyses).
2. Diagnose and investigate health Factors affecting health
problems and health hazards in the ● Poverty
community (e,g, epidemiologic ● Culture
surveillance systems, laboratory ● Environment
support). Politics
3. Inform, educate, and empower Global and national health situations
people about health issues (e,g, DEFINITION OF TERMS:
health promotion and social HEALTH
marketing). ● a state of complete physical, mental,
4. Mobilize community partnership and and social well being and not,
action to identify and solve health merely the absence of disease or
problems (e,g, convening and infirmity.
facilitating community groups to HEALTH SITUATIONS
promote health). ● the state of being bodily and
5. Develop policies and plans that mentally vigorous and free from
support individual and community disease.
health efforts (e,g, leadership
NATIONAL HEALTH SITUATION
● the condition of any unit, society etc.
the economic health of a nation.

GLOBAL HEALTH
● is the health of populations in the
global context:, it has been defined
as “the area of study. research and
practice that places a priority on
improving health and achieving
equity for all people worldwide”.

CPHN Nursing process

● Planning
● Implementation
● Monitoring
● Evaluation
CHN WEEK 2 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSES:
OVERVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH ● Health Educator: Providing
NURSING IN THE PHILIPPINES communities with information about
healthy lifestyles, disease
INTRODUCTION TO PUBLIC HEALTH prevention, and proper hygiene
NURSING: practices.
● crucial in promoting the health and ● Advocate: Promoting health policies
wellbeing of communities focuses on and advocating for the needs of the
preventive care, health education, community to ensure they receive
and improving the overall health of appropriate healthcare services.
populations, an essential component ● Care Provider: Delivering basic
of the healthcare system, addressing healthcare services such as
the unique health challenges faced immunizations, maternal and child
by diverse communities. health services, and health
screenings.
DEFINITION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF ● Community Organizer: Facilitating
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING: community involvement and
Definition: empowerment to address health
● Public Health Nursing is a issues collectively.
specialized field of nursing that ● Coordinator: Collaborating with
involves working with communities other healthcare professionals,
and populations to promote health, agencies, and organizations to
prevent diseases, and provide ensure comprehensive care
healthcare services. It emphasizes ● Responsibilities: Conducting health
the importance of preventive care assessments to identify community
and health education to improve the health needs.
overall health status of the ○ Developing and
community. implementing health
● Significance in the Philippines: In a education programs.
country with diverse cultures, ○ Monitoring disease outbreaks
economic disparities, and and participating in
geographic challenges, Public emergency response efforts.
Health Nursing is vital. It addresses ○ Providing prenatal and
the healthcare needs of postnatal care to mothers
marginalized and underserved and infants.
populations, ensuring access to ○ Administering vaccinations
quality healthcare services. It also and conducting health
helps in reducing the burden on screenings.
hospitals by focusing on prevention ○ Collaborating with local
and early intervention. leaders to address health
disparities.
 ○
Collecting and analyzing stakeholders to address health
health data to make informed disparities.
decisions.
COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT AND THE HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM
HEALTH PROMOTION: IN THE PHILIPPINES
COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT:
INTRODUCTION TO THE HEALTH CARE
● DEMOGRAPHICS - Understanding DELIVERY SYSTEM:
the population's age, gender, ● Understanding the health care
ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. delivery system is crucial for
● ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS - Community Health Nursing in the
Identifying potential health hazards Philippines. It involves
in the community's environment. comprehending the structure,
● HEALTH NEEDS - Determining components, and processes that
prevalent health issues and gaps in contribute to the provision of
healthcare services. healthcare services. This module will
explore the Philippine health care
COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT AND system, its components, and how it
HEALTH PROMOTION: affects community health nursing
● RESOURCES -·Identifying existing practice.
healthcare facilities, organizations,
and community resources. THE PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE
● CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS - DELIVERY SYSTEM: AN OVERVIEW
Recognizing cultural beliefs and ● refers to the organized network of
practices that influence health healthcare services provided to
behaviors. individuals and communities in the
● HEALTH PROMOTION - Activities country. It encompasses various
done for wellness. levels of care, from primary health
● EDUCATION - Providing information centers to specialized hospitals, and
on disease prevention, healthy is designed to promote access to
lifestyles, and self-care. quality health services.
● PREVENTIVE SERVICES -·Offering
immunizations, screenings, and THE PHILIPPINE HEALTH CARE
regular health check-ups. SYSTEM IS STRUCTURED INTO THREE
● ADVOCACY-·Promoting policies MAIN LEVELS:
that support community health and ● Primary Level: This level provides
well-being. basic health services through
● COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT - barangay health centers and rural
Involving the community in decision- health units. It focuses on preventive
making and health initiatives. and promotive care

● COLLABORATION - Working with ● Secondary Level: Secondary

other healthcare providers and hospitals offer specialized services
and manage more complex cases
 that require advanced medical programs and promote health
intervention. awareness.
● Tertiary Level: Tertiary hospitals are ● Assessor: Community Health Nurses
equipped with advanced medical conduct health assessments to
technology and expertise to handle identify health needs and tailor
highly specialized medical cases. interventions accordingly

PRIMARY HEALTH CARE LEVEL: SECONDARY HEALTH CARE LEVEL:

● frontline of the health care system. ● more specialized medical care and
● It focuses on preventive, promotive, diagnostic services that go beyond
and basic curative care, catering to basic health care. It deals with more
the immediate health needs of complex health issues and refers
individuals and families within the cases that cannot be managed at
community the primary level
● Barangay Health Centers: These ● District Hospitals: District hospitals
centers offer primary health care offer more specialized services than
services at the community level. primary health care centers. They
They provide immunizations, can manage common surgical
maternal and child health services, procedures, diagnostic tests, and
health education, and basic curative treatment for moderately complex
care cases.
● Rural Health Units (RHUs): RHUs ● Provincial Hospitals: These hospitals
are slightly larger health centers that provide higher-level services than
serve a group of barangays. They district hospitals. They have
provide more comprehensive health specialists and advanced facilities to
services, including family planning, handle more complex medical
disease prevention, and minor conditions.
surgical procedures.
NURSE'S ROLE AT THE SECONDARY
NURSE'S ROLE AT THE PRIMARY LEVEL:
LEVEL:
● Health Educator: Community Health ● Care Coordinator: Nurses at this
Nurses educate individuals and level coordinate care for patients
families about healthy behaviors, with complex health conditions,
disease prevention, and the ensuring proper referral and follow-
importance of immunizations. up.
● Service Provider: They offer ● Patient Educator: They provide
essential health services like information and support to patients
immunizations, maternal and child and their families about managing
health care, family planning, and health conditions and treatment
basic wound care. options.
● Community Organizer: Nurses ● Health Promoter: Nurses continue
collaborate with community leaders health education efforts,
and members to organize health
 emphasizing disease management
and prevention strategies.
● Clinical Nurse Specialist: They assist CONCLUSION:
physicians in diagnosing and
treating patients and may also ● The Philippine health care system's
engage in specialized procedures three tiered approach ensures that
individuals and communities receive
TERTIARY HEALTH CARE LEVEL: comprehensive care, from basic
● The tertiary health care level deals health services to specialized
with highly specialized and treatments. Community Health
advanced medical care, often Nurses play distinct and essential
involving complex procedures and roles across all levels, promoting
treatments. It is generally provided in health, providing care, and
large, well equipped hospitals. advocating for better health
● Regional and National Referral outcomes in the Philippines.
Centers: These are major medical
centers that offer specialized
services, advanced surgeries, and
treatments for rare or complicated
conditions.

NURSE'S ROLE AT THE TERTIARY

LEVEL:

● Specialist Nurse: Nurses in this

setting often specialize in areas like
intensive care, surgery, oncology, or
cardiology, providing specialized
care and interventions.
● Educator and Researcher: Nurses at
the tertiary level might engage in
teaching and research activities,
contributing to the advancement of
medical knowledge and practice.
● Advanced Practice Nurse: Some
nurses obtain advanced degrees
and certifications, allowing them to
independently diagnose, treat, and
manage patients within their
specialized areas.
 HANDS OF THE PEOPLE by the
year 2020.
CHN WEEK 3
PRIMARY HEALTH CARE ● An improved state of health and
quality of life for all people attained
● A whole-of-society approach to through SELF RELIANCE.
effectively organize and strengthen
national health systems to bring Principles of Primary Health Care
services for health and well being
closer to communities. 1. 4 A’s = Accessibility, Availability,
● Widely regarded as the most Affordability & Acceptability,
inclusive, equitable and cost Appropriateness of health services
effective way to achieve universal 2. Community Participation
health coverage. 3. People are the center, object and subject
of development.
OVERVIEW 4. Self-reliance
5. Partnership between the community and
● May 1977 -30th World Health the health agencies
Assembly decided that the main 6. Recognition of interrelationship between
health target of the government and the health and development
WHO is the attainment of a level of 7. Social Mobilization
health that would permit them to 8. Decentralization
lead a socially and economically
productive life by the year 2000. Key Strategy to Achieve the Goal:
● September 6-12, 1978 – First
International Conference on PHC in ● Partnership with and Empowerment
Alma Ata, Russia (USSR) The Alma of the people –core strategy in the
Ata Declaration stated that PHC was effective provision of essential health
the key to attain the “health for all” services that are community based,
goal. accessible, acceptable, and
● October 19, 1979 – Letter of sustainable, at a cost, which the
Instruction (LOI) 949, the legal basis community and the government can
of PHCwas signed by Pres. afford.
Ferdinand E. Marcos, which adopted
PHC as an approach towards the
design, development and
implementation of programs
focusing on health development at
community level.

Goal of Primary Health Care

● HEALTH FOR ALL FILIPINOS by
the year 2000 AND HEALTH IN THE
 Rural Sanitary Inspector and
midwives.

Levels of Prevention
1. Primary prevention
2. Secondary prevention
3. Tertiary prevention

UNIVERSAL HEALTHCARE
● Universal Health Care (UHC), also
referred to as Kalusugan
Pangkalahatan(KP), is the “provision
to every Filipino of the highest
possible quality of healthcare that is
Elements of Primary Health Care (PHC) accessible, efficient, equitably
E Education about prevailing health distributed, adequately funded, fairly
problems and methods of preventing and financed, and appropriately used by
controlling them an informed and empowered public”
L Prevention and control of locally Thrusts To attain UHC, three
endemic diseases strategic thrusts are to be pursued,
E Provision of essential drugs namely:
M Maternal and child health care; 1. Financial risk protection through
including family planning expansion in enrollment and benefit
E Expanded immunization against major delivery of the National Health
infectious diseases Insurance Program (NHIP);
N Promotion of food supply and proper 2. Improved access to quality hospitals
nutrition and health care facilities; and
T Appropriate treatment of common 3. Attainment of health-related
diseases and injuries Millennium Development Goals
S Adequate supply of safe water and (MDGs)
basic sanitation

Two Levels of Primary Health Care

Workers

1. Barangay Health Workers – trained

community health workers or health
auxiliary volunteers or traditional
birth attendants or healers.

National Objectives
2. Intermediate level health workers-
include the Public Health Nurse,
 ● The National Objectives for Health  It is a systematic approach used by
(NOH) 2017-2022 serves as the nurses, particularly those working in
medium -term roadmap of the home health care and community
Philippines towards achieving settings, to prevent the spread of
universal healthcare (UHC). It infections and ensure the safe, efficient
specifies the objectives, strategies delivery of care.
and targets of the Department of
Health (DOH) FOURmula One Plus Principles
for Health (F1 Plus for Health) built
along the health system pillars of 1. Infection Control. The primary goal of
financing, service delivery, the bag technique is to minimize the
regulation governance and risk of cross-contamination between
performance accountability. patients and from the nurse to the
patient.
ALL FILIPINOS ARE NOW GUARANTEED 2. Organization and Accessibility. The
EQUITABLE ACCESS TO AFFORDABLE nursing bag is systematically organized
AND QUALITY HEALTH SERVICES WITH so that all supplies are easily
THE ENACTMENT OF REPUBLIC accessible and can be used efficiently
ACT11223 OR THE UNIVERSAL HEALTH 3. Minimize Cross- Contamination.
CARE LAW. SIGNED ON FEBRUARY 20, Minimizing cross contamination is a
2019 BY PRESIDENT RODRIGO critical aspect of the bag technique in
DUTERTE nursing, particularly in home health and
community care settings.
Learning Objectives 4. Patient and Environment Safety. In
the bag technique, ensuring patient and
 Model a professional behavior as a environment safety is paramount to
community health nurse providing effective care while
 Assess the individual and family’s minimizing the risk of infection
health status and competence transmission.
 Formulate with the client a plan of care 5. Documentation and Monitoring.
to address health conditions, needs, Documentation and Monitoring play
problems and issues based on priorities integral roles in the bag technique,
 Provide Health Education using ensuring accountability, continuity of
planning models to target client care, and adherence to infection control
( individuals and families) in the protocols.
community 6. Education and Training. Proper
instruction ensures nurses have the
Bag Technique knowledge and skills needed to perform
this technique effectively and safely.
 The bag technique is a tool by which
the nurse during the visit, will be able to
perform nursing procedures with ease,
to save time and effort to render Public Health Bag
effective nursing care to clients.
 an essential and indispensable
equipment of a public health nurse
which she has to carry long during her
home visits.
 It contains basic medication and articles
which are necessary for giving care.
 It is a flexible, or dilated sac or pouch
designed to contain needed articles to
carry from one place to another place to
do the health related services to the
people.
 The bag should be made of strong but
lightweight materials.

Purpose of the Public Health Bag

 Serves as a first aid kit

 To work efficiently during nursing
procedures
 To conserve time and energy
 To minimize or prevent the spread of
infection
 To render effective nursing care to
clients or members of the family during
home visit

Different types of Family-Nurse

Interaction

 HOME VISIT
 INDUSTRIAL CLINIC VISIT
 SCHOOL CLINIC VISIT

Purpose of Home Visit

 It provides necessary health care

activities
 Impart Health techniques to the family
for maintenance of health
 To evaluate results of the outcomes of
the nursing care given
 To know the health status of an
individual or a family