DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

Reading and Use of English Part 7 Multiple matching

1 You are going to read an article in which four teenagers talk about their part-time jobs.
Don’t forget! For questions 1–10, choose from the teenagers (A–D). The teenagers may be chosen
Read all the questions more than once.
to see the kind of Which teenager
information you are is working for the family business? 1
looking for. Underline 2
is not content with the earnings they receive?
the relevant parts of
has parents who didn’t work in their teens? 3
the text as you answer
the questions. is gaining work experience for their future career? 4
finds it hard to get up early for work? 5
doesn’t have to travel far from home to work? 6
is worried about finding time for their studies? 7
used to be lazy and stay in bed half the day? 8
has made some good mates at work? 9
enjoys the independence of the job? 10

PART-TIME JOBS

A FINN
Well, unlike a lot of people my age, I like my part-time

job. It could be a lot worse. I don’t have to work that hard

and can relax when we’re quiet. I’m not keen on that though

because time drags when that happens. It’s much better to

be busy. I work in a gym and the only thing I’m not really into

is doing the 6am shifts. It’s so hard to get out of bed then,

especially when it’s cold and wet outside. We have a rota, so

it’s not like we get the early shift all the time. The best thing is

I get on with the other guys there. We’ve become pretty close

over the past year and hang out when we’re not there. But,

I must admit, it’s not exactly the kind of thing I’d want to be

doing when I leave school. I want to get into something more

corporate. Maybe go into business like my parents.

B GIOVANNI
I’m a dog walker. I gave up my last job at a restaurant

because it was so stressful and tiring. We weren’t even allowed

to take a break at busy times. This is much more me. It’s just

around the corner, so I don’t even have to take the bus. I can

just walk in. Then there’s the fact that I don’t have the boss

constantly telling me what to do. I can do my own thing. I

mean, obviously they need to have a good walk, but I can

choose the route and time really. I like that. Even when I have

a lot on at school, it’s just nice to take an hour off and get

outside. Mum and Dad have their own business and are away

a lot. I keep asking them to get a dog of our own. They reckon

their lives are too busy right now, but I just think they don’t

want to get up super early before work to take it out.

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 DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

2 Excluding part-time, underline the nine expressions with time in the article above.
3 Replace the underlined words in the following sentences with the correct form of an
expression with time from the box. There is an example at the beginning (0).
do time down time high time in next to no time keep time
make up for lost time on time pass the time time out
0 Henry read his book to make the time go quicker on the
long train journey. pass the time

1 No matter how hard I try, I am never punctual for lessons.

2 You’ll see – before you know it, you’ll be flying off
on holiday.
3 I think it is appropriate that we left and went home now.
4 Fiona needs her relaxation or she will get too stressed.
5 My father is useless at maintaining rhythm while
he dances.
6 It is reported that the criminal is now serving a sentence
in jail.
7 I’m so sorry I’m late – I’ll catch up on what I’ve missed.
8 The manager needed to take a break from the frustrating
negotiations.

C LAUREN
My job is OK. To be honest, I didn’t go out looking for

one. I’m perfectly happy relying on the bank of Mum and Dad!

I’m not exactly in a rush to work a nine-to-five job. Mum just

said they needed a hand with the gardening jobs. They have

their own company and it was expanding, so I agreed to it for

a short time. The stuff I do is outside the city mainly, so a lot

of the time is spent going to and from places with Dad, which

can be time-consuming. Mum mainly does the accounts and

bookings in an office at the end of our garden. It’s challenging

because I don’t want my schoolwork to suffer. It hasn’t yet, but

it’s always at the back of my mind. And actually, my parents

have such a good work ethic. They’ve always paid their way,

even as teens, so I guess I ought to take their example.

D TARA
Having a part-time job has been a big wake-up call

for me. Before I worked weekends, I would lie in until midday

surfing the internet or just sleeping. Looking back, it was

such a waste of time. Now, I work at the bakery. It’s a bit

monotonous and the wages really could be better. On the

other hand, the cakes and bread that they give away at the

end of the day are so worth it. My parents would rather I focus

on schoolwork but, you know, that’s probably because my

grandparents didn’t let them have a job until they finished

uni. I’m not planning on that and being in the kitchen every

weekend is just a great way to learn things for when I go to

catering college. The other people there are mainly full-time.

They’re OK, but I wouldn’t say they’re people I’d make plans

with in my free time.

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 DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

Language focus Obligation, necessity and permission

1 Read the university library rules below. Choose the correct options to complete the
sentences. There is an example at the beginning (0).

GENERAL Welcome to Southmoor University Library. Please read the rules below and if you have

any questions, you (0) should / ought ask a member of staff.

RULES
• Books (1) must be not / must not be taken off the premises without a valid library card.

• Library card holders (2) must / are allowed to take up to ten books out at a time for a

period of two weeks, but if they are returned late, you will be (3) made / have to pay

a fine.

U N IV E RS
• If another user requests a book in your possession, this (4) must / has be returned within

seven days.

(5)
R

RBI Y TI

• Children can enter the library but need / should to be accompanied by an adult.
O

(6)
O MHT

• Libraries are supposed to be / had better be places where people can quietly read.
L

Anyone making excess noise will be politely asked to leave.

(7)
UO
• Users can bring in drinks, but you don’t have to / are not allowed to bring them in

S YR A
open cups, just containers with lids.

• Finally, users (8) no need to / don’t have to become members, but we would recommend

you do as you’ll be able to enjoy the many benefits the library has to offer.

2 Match each sentence beginnings (1–8) to the endings (a–h). There is an example at
the beginning (0)
0 I think you had a sign their name before entering.
1 Be careful. We aren’t b allowed to eat in here.
2 Do students have c made to eat all my vegetables.
3 Visitors must d you stay out late?
4 He thinks he ought to e to have membership cards?
5 Do your parents let f take off our shoes?
6 She’d better g not be late for her interview.
7 As a kid I was h increase the amount of voluntary work he does.
8 Do we need to i better take an umbrella.

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 DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

Vocabulary The world of work

1 Complete each gap in the text with one word from the box. Use each word only once.
There is an example at the beginning (0).
abandoned change devote good long resign rewarding tiring worked

CAREER CHANGE

When Toby was 40, he decided to (0) change careers. He had been a banker but decided

to (1) from his job in the city after 15 years and become a teacher. This was a big

move because he had been earning (2) money. The problem was he had been

working (3) hours and didn’t see his family at all, so it was time to rethink his life.

He had wanted to (4) his life to teaching after graduating but (5)
this when he was offered the opportunity in banking.

He finished his course and found a job right away at the local school. Like all teachers, he

(6) overtime, but unlike banking, he didn’t have to work during school holidays

or commute every day. The job was (7) with a full class of 30 energetic children,

but far more (8) than his previous job had been. Best of all , he was around more

for the people who mattered.

2 Four of the following sentences contain mistakes. Find the mistakes and correct them.
1 The worker was redundant by her boss after 30 years’ service.
2 Most hospital employees have to make shifts.
3 She decided to give in her job because she disliked her new boss.
4 Excellent organisational skills are vital for this post.
5 The worker was sacked for continual lateness.
6 The summer job offered a good weekly wage for students.
7 Getting an excessive salary in a job you actually enjoy is the goal.
8 It was a monotonous job but was at least well paid.

Word formation En- prefix and -en suffix

Complete each gap with one word from the box. Use each word only once and make
changes to the words if necessary. There is an example at the beginning (0).
able courage danger high large long threat wide worse
0 Hello, I’d like to enlarge these photos if possible.
1 When the storm came, the weather across the country .
2 Can you these trousers? They’re too short.
3 I’ll always be grateful to my maths teacher. She me to believe in myself.
4 My mum is not to let me go to the party unless I clean my room.
5 This new laptop will staff to work from home.
6 The high speed limit on this road life and should be reduced.
7 The council is this road to make a bus lane.
8 Soundtracks usually the tension in horror movies.

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 DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

Listening Part 2 Sentence completion

1 5 You will hear author Sara James giving a talk about her work. For questions 1–10,
Don’t forget! complete the sentences with a word or short phrase.
You do not need to According to Sara, an essential requirement for a successful writer is
write more than three (1) .
words for each answer. Her first published book was called (2) .
Before her first book was accepted she received (3)
rejections.
Sara says she needs to have the same (4) every day.
Sara only writes in the (5) .
She sometimes gets inspiration when she is in a (6) .
Sara uses a (7) when she is writing the first draft of a story.
She has experience of getting (8) before a deadline.
She recommends writers do a (9) activity when they are
stuck for ideas.
The initial plan was for (10) writers to participate in
a documentary.
2 Complete the extracts from the listening with the correct form of the verbs from
the box.
fool go put run set write
1 Unless you have a lot of confidence in your book, it might some
writers off.
2 Don’t be into believing that it’s a glamorous or romantic life.
3 I aside four hours every morning for writing.
4 I find that I work better if I out my first drafts the old-fashioned way.
5 I’m afraid I’ve out of time today.
6 A new documentary about different writers and their working lives will
out on Channel 3 next month.

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 DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

Reading and Use of English Part 1 Multiple-choice cloze

For questions 1–8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits
each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Don’t forget!
Think about meaning,
grammar and
collocation when
Effectively Managing Your Staff making your decisions.
Sometimes, two or all
three of these areas
will be important for a
particular answer.

One of the biggest things to consider when setting (0) A your own business is how

to manage your staff. The success of your company depends (1) having happy,

motivated employees.

A good place to start is learning how to delegate. You probably started the venture

alone and (2) of this, handing over control and responsibility to others can be

difficult. (3) to do everything yourself, especially as the business grows, is a mistake.

(4) your staff have the power to make decisions and they’ll be less likely to leave

and more likely to feel valued.

Next, feeling (5) they belong is important. They (6) know everything, but

allow them to be a part of decisions whenever possible. They will feel happier and more

motivated this way. (7) short, they are adults rather than children, so should be

treated as such.

Finally, be (8) who is approachable while maintaining a professional distance. You

can’t be a friend to all, but at the same time, you want your staff to be able to come to

you if they have a problem.

0 A up B in C by D for
1 A in B on C for D of
2 A because B as C so D therefore
3 A Try B Trying C Tried D Having tried
4 A Make B Should C Will D Let
5 A as B if C like D about
6 A aren’t allowed B are supposed to C needn’t D had better
7 A In B For C By D To
8 A anyone B everyone C no one D someone

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 DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

Writing Part 2 Formal email

1 Read the following Writing Part 2 task.
You see a job advertised on your university website.

Home Jobs News Contact

ARE YOU LOOKING We need an enthusiastic Activity Assistant to help

FOR WORK OVER

at a summer camp for 10–18 year-olds. If interested,

please write to Mr Jenkins, the Activity Manager,

THE SUMMER? telling him:

• why you would like the job

DO YOU ENJOY • what skills you have which would be useful
PLAYING SPORT? • what previous experience you have.

Now tick (✓) the things that should be included in the email.
1 where you live
2 where you saw the job advertised
3 the reason you want this position
4 your family
5 the sports you play
6 how much you earn at your part-time job
7 experience of working with young people
8 where you’ve travelled
9 your hobbies apart from sport
10 what you’re doing now (work or study)

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 DOING WHAT YOU HAVE TO

2 Read the model answer to the task in Exercise 1. The underlined parts of the
email are too informal. Replace the informal phrases (1–8) with the more formal
equivalents (a–h).

To: [email protected]

Subject: Application

Dear Mr Jenkins,

(1) I saw the ad for an Activity Assistant job on the uni website and was interested in applying as I’m looking for summer work.

At present, I am studying for a degree in Sport Science. (2) This job would get me a load of fantastic experience, which

I could apply to my studies.

(3) I love all sports and am really into football and volleyball. I am a member of the university football club and regularly

play on their first team. Volleyball is more of a hobby for me. (4) But, I play most weekends in summer.

Last year, I worked at a youth camp for a month. (5) I had to teach sport to small groups of teens every afternoon and

I also assisted on day trips to local sightseeing places. (6) Also, I am energetic and enjoy working with young people.

(7) I’d love the chance to work for you and would be delighted if you could consider me for the role.

(8) Write to me soon.

Yours sincerely,

Matt Parker

a I am keen on all sports but particularly football and volleyball.

b In addition to this, …
c However, …
d I saw the advertisement for an Activity Assistant on the university website …
e I would love to have the opportunity to work for your company.
f I feel this position would be valuable experience …
g I look forward to hearing from you soon.
h My responsibilities included teaching sport to small groups of teenagers …

3 Match the formal verbs in the box to their informal equivalents (1–8).
assist attend contact inform permit provide request require

1 help 5 ask for

2 tell 6 give
3 need 7 get in touch
4 go to 8 let

4 Write an answer to the task below. Write your email in 140–190 words in an Useful language
appropriate style. Use Exercises 2 and 3 to help you.
You see a job advertised in your local newspaper. Starting the email
To whom it may concern

ARE YOU LOOKING FOR PART-TIME WORK? Dear Sir/Madam

DO YOU LIKE WORKING WITH THE PUBLIC? Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms (surname)

Ending the email

Yours faithfully
We need a waiter/waitress with experience of working in a restaurant.

If interested, please write to Ms Williams, the Restaurant Manager, telling her: Kind regards

• why you would like the job Yours sincerely

• what experience you have

• when you are able to work.

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