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16 views14 pages

Dev Ism File

Uploaded by

Devyang Bothra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PRACTICAL – 1

Q1. Write SQL Query to create a table Employee with columns


Emp Id, Name and Salary
Ans- CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE (EMPLOYEE_ID INT,
Name
Varchar, Salary Int);
PRACTICAL – 2

Q2. Write SQL Query to insert values into the Employee table for
3 employees.
Ans- INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES (444,'RAM',4000);
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES (567,'MOHAN',4550);
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE VALUES (345,'RADHA',4700);
PRACTICAL – 3

Q3. Write SQL Query to retrieve all data from the Employee
table.
Ans- SELECT * FROM Employee;
PRACTICAL – 4

Q4. Write SQL Query to Alter the table Employee and add a
column
City.
Ans- ALTER TABLE Employee ADD City VARCHAR (30);
PRACTICAL – 5

Q5. Write SQL Query to Alter the table Employee and drop the
column City.
Ans- ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE DROP COLUMN CITY;
PRACTICLE-6

Q6. Write SQL Query to Rename the table Employee and give a
new name as Emp.
Ans- ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE RENAME TO EMP;
PRACTICAL-7

Q7. Write SQL Query to delete the record from the Emp table,
where employee id is 1.
Ans- DELETE FROM Emp WHERE Id = 444;
PRACTICAL-8

Q8. Write SQL Query to drop the table Emp.


Ans- DROP TABLE Employee;
Note- The table has been dropped
PRACTICAL-9

Q9. Draw all symbols of the ER model and mention what they
represent.
Ans- ER Model is used to model the logical view of the system from a data perspective which
consists of these symbols:

• Rectangles: Rectangles represent Entities in the ER Model.

• Ellipses: Ellipses represent Attributes in the ER Model.

• Diamond: Diamonds represent Relationships among Entities.

• Lines: Lines represent attributes to entities and entity sets with other relationship types.

• Double Ellipse: Double Ellipses represent Multi-Valued Attributes.

• Double Rectangle: Double Rectangle represents a Weak Entity.


An entity may be any object, class, person or place. In the ER diagram,
an entity can be represented as rectangles.
Consider an organization as an example- manager, product, employee,
department etc. can be taken as an entity.

Weak Entity
An entity that depends on another entity called a weak entity. The weak
entity doesn't contain any key attribute of its own. The weak entity is
represented by a double rectangle.

2. Attribute
The attribute is used to describe the property of an entity. Eclipse is used
to represent an attribute.

For example, id, age, contact number, name, etc. can be attributes of a
student.
a. Key Attribute
The key attribute is used to represent the main characteristics of an entity.
It represents a primary key. The key attribute is represented by an ellipse
with the text underlined.

b. Composite Attribute
An attribute that composed of many other attributes is known as a
composite attribute. The composite attribute is represented by an ellipse,
and those ellipses are connected with an ellipse.

c. Multivalued Attribute
An attribute can have more than one value. These attributes are known
as a multivalued attribute. The double oval is used to represent
multivalued attribute.

For example, a student can have more than one phone number.
d. Derived Attribute
An attribute that can be derived from other attribute is known as a
derived attribute. It can be represented by a dashed ellipse.
For example, A person's age changes over time and can be derived from
another attribute like Date of birth

3. Relationship
A relationship is used to describe the relation between entities. Diamond
or rhombus is used to represent the relationship.

Types of relationships are as follows: a. One-to-One Relationship


hen only one instance of an entity is associated with the relationship,
then it is known as one to one relationship. For example, A female can
marry to one male, and a male can marry to one female.
b. One-to-many relationship
When only one instance of the entity on the left, and more than one
instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship then
this is known as a one-to-many relationship. For example, Scientist can
invent many inventions, but the invention is done by the only specific
scientist.

c. Many-to-one relationship
When more than one instance of the entity on the left, and only one
instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship then it
is known as a many-to-one relationship. For example, Student enrolls for
only one course, but a course can have many students.

d. Many-to-many relationship
When more than one instance of the entity on the left, and more than
one instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship
then it is known as a many-to-many relationship.
For example, Employee can assign by many projects and project can
have many employ
PRACTICAL-10
Q10. Using the symbols of ER model, represent an entity Patient along
with its attributes Pid, Name, Age, Address, Phone number

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