PAPER 1 PAPER 2

STRAIGHT PARABOLA HYPERBOLA EXPONENTIAL SINX COSX TANX

LINE
𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑎 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑏 𝑥−𝑝 + 𝑞 y = 𝑎sink(x − p) + q y = 𝑎cosk(x − p) + q y = 𝑎tank(x − p) + q
𝑦 = + 𝑞
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑝)2 + 𝑞 𝑥−𝑝
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 )
𝑦1 − 𝑦2 𝑐 = 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 𝑥 = 𝑝 is an asymptote 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 – 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 – make x = 0 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 – make x = 0 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 – make x = 0
𝑚=
𝑥1 − 𝑥2 (𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑥 = 0) If p ≠ 0 make x = 0 Normally (0;0) Normally (0;1) Normally (0;0)
𝑇𝑃: (𝑝; 𝑞) make 𝑥 = 0 for y-
𝑐 = 𝑦 𝑖𝑛𝑡 −𝑏
𝑝 = 2𝑎 (𝑥 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑇𝑃) intercept
(𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑥 = 0)
𝟏𝒙 𝟐 𝒙 − 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒔 Sometimes 𝟏 𝒙 − Sometimes 𝟏 𝒙 − x intercepts x intercepts x intercepts
− 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕 (𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑦 = 0) 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕 𝒊𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕 (𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑦 = 0) (𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑦 = 0) (𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑦 = 0)
(𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑦 = 0) 𝑎 > 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 < 0 ONLY IF q ≠ 0 ONLY IF q < 0 Sinx starts in the middle Cosx starts at the top and Check points every 45°
𝑎 < 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 > 0 (𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑦 = 0) (𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑒 𝑦 = 0) and moves up (a>0) moves down (a>0) Normally at 0° and 180°
1 𝑥 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 Sinx starts in the middle Cosx starts at the bottom
𝑞=0 and moves down (a<0) and moves up (a<0)
𝑁𝑜 𝑥 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡𝑠 Check points every 90° Check points every 90°
𝑎 > 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 > 0 Normally at 0° and 180° Normally at 90° and 270°
𝑎 < 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞 < 0
NO NO ASYMPTOTES 2 ASYMPTOTES 1 ASYMPTOTE NO ASYMPTOTES NO ASYMPTOTES 𝒙 = −𝟐𝟕𝟎°; −𝟗𝟎°; 𝟗𝟎°;
ASYMPTOTES 𝑥=𝑝 𝑦=𝑞 𝟐𝟕𝟎°
𝑦=𝑞 Every 180° from 90°
+/- c → Graph +/- c or q → Graph moves +/- q → Graph moves +/- q → Graph +/- q → Graph moves +/- q → Graph moves +/- q → Graph moves
moves up/down up/down moves up/down up/down up/down up/down
up/down +/- p → Graph moves +/- p → Graph moves +/- p → Graph +/- p → Graph moves +/- p → Graph moves +/- p → Graph moves
left/right left/right moves left/right left/right left/right left/right
Domain: 𝑥 ∈ Domain: 𝑥 ∈ ℝ Domain: 𝑥 ∈ ℝ Domain: 𝑥 ∈ ℝ Domain: 𝑥 ∈ ℝ Domain: 𝑥 ∈ ℝ Domain: 𝑥 ∈ ℝ
ℝ 𝑥≠𝑝 𝑥 ≠ 90° + 𝑛180°
Every 180°
Range: 𝑦 ∈ Range: 𝑦 ∈ ℝ Range: 𝑦 ∈ ℝ Range: 𝑦 ∈ ℝ Range: 𝑦 ∈ ℝ Range: 𝑦 ∈ ℝ Range: 𝑦 ∈ ℝ
ℝ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑞 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 < 0 𝑦≠𝑞 𝑦 < 𝑞 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 < 0 −𝑎 + 𝑞 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ +𝑎 + 𝑞 −𝑎 + 𝑞 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ +𝑎 + 𝑞
𝑦 ≥ 𝑞 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 > 0 𝑦 > 𝑞 𝑖𝑓 𝑎 > 0
𝐴𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦 𝐴𝑥𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑦𝑚𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑦 Amplitude = a. Range / 2 Amplitude = a. Range / 2 N/A – graph never turns
𝑥=𝑝 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 𝑝) + 𝑞 Step = Period/4 Step = Period/4 around
𝑦 = −(𝑥 − 𝑝) + 𝑞 Step = Period/4
Reflect in x-axis, y becomes -y k =how many Normal period = 360° Normal period = 360° Normal period = 180°
Reflect in y-axis, x becomes -x graphs in 360° 360° 180°
“normal period” 𝑘 𝑘 𝑘