CHAPTER-10

VECTORS
03 MARKS TYPE QUESTIONS
Q. NO QUESTION MARK
1. The scalar product of the vector î+ ĵ+ k̂ with a unit vector along the sum of 3
vectors 2 î+ 4 ĵ-5 k̂ and λî+ 2 ĵ+3 k̂ is equal to one. Find the value of λ.
2. If a⃗ , b⃗ , c⃗ are unit vectors such that a⃗ + b⃗ + c⃗ = 0,then find the value of 3
a⃗ . b⃗ + b⃗ . c⃗ + c⃗ . a⃗
3. If a⃗ , b⃗ and c⃗ be three vectors such that a⃗ + b⃗ + c⃗ = 0 and | a⃗ | = 3 , | 3
b⃗ | = 5, | c⃗ | = 7 find the angle between a⃗ and b⃗
4. If 𝑎⃗ = 3𝑖̂+4𝑗̂+5𝑘̂ and 𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂+𝑗̂-4𝑘̂ , then express 𝑏⃗⃗ in the form 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑏⃗⃗1+𝑏⃗⃗2, where 𝑏⃗⃗1 is parallel 3
to 𝑎⃗ and 𝑏⃗⃗2 is perpendicular to 𝑎⃗.
5. If the sum of two unit vectors 𝑎̂ and 𝑏̂ is a unit vector, show that the magnitude of their 3
difference is √3.
6. Using vector show that the points A(-2,3,5), B(7,0,-1), C(-3,-2,-5) and D(3,4,7) are such that 3
AB and CD intersect at P(1,2,3).
7. 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ − 𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ − 5𝑘̂ . Find a unit vector parallel to 3
𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗
8. Find the area of a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are given by vectors 𝑎⃗ = 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ , 3
𝑏⃗⃗ = 2𝑖̂ − 7𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂.
9. 𝑝𝑖̂ − 5𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂ and 2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ − 𝑞𝑘̂ are collinear, find 𝑝, 𝑞 3
10. Let the vectors 𝑎⃗, 𝑏⃗⃗, 𝑐⃗ be given as 𝑎1 𝑖̂ + 𝑎2 𝑗̂ + 𝑎3 𝑘̂ , 𝑏1 𝑖̂ + 𝑏2 𝑗̂ + 𝑏3 𝑘̂ , 𝑐1 𝑖̂ + 3
𝑐2 𝑗̂ + 𝑐3 𝑘̂ . then show that 𝑎⃗ × (𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑐⃗) = 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ + 𝑎⃗ × 𝑐⃗.
11. If the position vectors of the vertices of a triangle are 𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘 ̂ , 2𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ + 3
𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂, show that the triangle is an equilateral triangle.
12. If vectors 𝑎⃗ = 2𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘 ⃗⃗ , 𝑏⃗⃗ = −𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐⃗ = 3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ are such that 𝑎⃗ + 3
𝜆𝑏⃗⃗ is perpendicular to 𝑐⃗, then find the value of 𝜆.
13. If vectors vectors 𝑎⃗ =2𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ , 𝑏⃗⃗= -𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ and 𝑐⃗3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂= are such that 𝑎⃗ + 𝜆𝑏⃗⃗ is 3
perpendicular to 𝑐⃗ ,then find the value of 𝜆.
14. For any vector 𝑎⃗ ,show that 3
𝑎⃗ =(𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑖̂) 𝑖̂ + (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑗̂) 𝑗̂ +(𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑘̂ ) 𝑘̂
15. Using vectors find the area of triangle ABC with vertices A(1,2,3),B(2,-1,4) and C(4,5,-1). 3
 ANSWERS:

Q. NO ANSWER MARKS
1. 3

2. 3
3.
3

4. 𝑏⃗⃗1 is parallel to 𝑎⃗ 3
⇒ 𝑏⃗⃗1 = m𝑎⃗ for some scalar m
⇒ 𝑏⃗⃗1 = m(3𝑖̂+4𝑗̂+5𝑘̂) = 3m𝑖̂ + 4m𝑗̂ + 5m𝑘̂ …..(i)
If 𝑏⃗⃗ = 𝑏⃗⃗1+𝑏⃗⃗2
⇒ 𝑏⃗⃗2 = 𝑏⃗⃗-𝑏⃗⃗1 = (2-3m)𝑖̂ + (1-4m)𝑗̂ + (-4-5m)𝑘̂ …..(ii)
Also given that 𝑏⃗⃗2 is perpendicular to 𝑎⃗
⇒ 𝑏⃗⃗2. 𝑎⃗ = 0
⇒ 3(2 - 3m) + 4(1 - 4m) + 5(- 4 - 5m) = 0
⇒ - 10 - 50m = 0
⇒ m = -1/5
Therefore,
1
𝑏⃗⃗1 = - 5(3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 5𝑘̂)
13 9
And 𝑏⃗⃗2 = 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ - 3𝑘̂
5 5
3 4 13 9
∴ 𝑏⃗⃗ =(- 5 𝑖̂ - 5 𝑗̂ - 𝑘̂) + ( 5 𝑖̂ + 5 𝑗̂ - 3𝑘̂) = 2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ - 4𝑘̂ is the required expression.
5. Given 𝑎̂ and 𝑏̂ are unit vectors and 𝑎̂+𝑏̂ is also a unit vector. 3
⇒ |𝑎̂| = 1, |𝑏̂| = 1 and |𝑎̂ + 𝑏̂| = 1
We have |𝑎̂ + 𝑏̂ |2 = |𝑎̂|2 + |𝑏̂|2 + 2𝑎̂. 𝑏̂
⇒ 1 = 1 + 1 +2𝑎̂. 𝑏̂ ⇒ 2𝑎̂. 𝑏̂ = -1
Also we have,
|𝑎̂ − 𝑏̂|2 = |𝑎̂|2 + |𝑏̂|2 - 2𝑎̂. 𝑏̂ ⇒ |𝑎̂ − 𝑏̂ |2 = 1 + 1 - (-1) = 3
⇒ |𝑎̂ − 𝑏̂| = √3
i.e., the magnitude of the difference is √3
6. To prove P intersects 𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ and 𝐶𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , we have to show that A,P,B are collinear and C,P,D 3
are collinear
𝐴𝑃 = (1+2)𝑖̂ + (2-3) 𝑗̂ + (3-5) 𝑘̂ = 3𝑖̂ – 𝑗̂ - 2𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝐵 = (7-1)𝑖̂ + (0-2) 𝑗̂ + (-1-3) 𝑘̂ = 6𝑖̂ - 2𝑗̂ - 4𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝐵 = 2(3𝑖̂ – 𝑗̂ - 2𝑘̂) = 2AP
⇒ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⇒the vectors ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗𝐴𝑃 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝐵 are collinear.
 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ and 𝑃𝐵
Since P is a common point to 𝐴𝑃 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗, the points A, P, B are collinear.

Similarly,
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (1+3) 𝑖̂ + (2+2) 𝑗̂ + (3+5) 𝑘̂ = 4𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ + 8𝑘̂
𝐶𝑃
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (3-1) 𝑖̂ + (4-2) 𝑗̂ + (7-3) 𝑘̂ = 2𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂
𝑃𝐷
⇒ 𝐶𝑃 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 2(2𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂) = 2𝑃𝐷 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⇒ the vectors 𝐶𝑃 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ and 𝑃𝐷
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ are collinear

Since P is a common point to ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐶𝑃 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝐷, the points C, P, D are collinear.
i.e., P is a common point to 𝐴𝐵 and 𝐶𝐷 and so ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 𝐴𝐵 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐶𝐷 intersect at P.

7. 𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ = −2𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂ 3

⃗⃗
𝑎⃗⃗−𝑏 ̂
−2𝑖̂+𝑗̂ +4𝑘
𝑟𝑒𝑞. 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑎⃗ − 𝑏⃗⃗ = | 𝑎⃗⃗−𝑏⃗|
⃗
=
√21
8. 𝑖̂ 𝑗̂ 𝑘̂ 3
⃗
⃗ ̂ − 5𝑘̂
𝑎⃗ × 𝑏 = |1 −1 3| = 20𝑖̂ + 5𝑗
2 −7 1

| 𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗| = 15√2
9. 𝑝𝑖̂ − 5𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂ = 𝛼(2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ − 𝑞𝑘̂) 3
5
𝛼 = 3 on comparing
10 18
𝑝= ,𝑞 = −
3 5

10. For correct proof 3

11. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = √6 = |𝐵𝐶
|𝐴𝐵 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | = |𝐶𝐴
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗| 3
12. 𝜆 = 8. 3
13. As 𝑎⃗ + 𝜆𝑏⃗⃗ is perpendicular to ⃗⃗⃗𝑐
(𝑎⃗ + 𝜆𝑏⃗⃗) ∙ 𝑐⃗ =0
((2- 𝜆) 𝑖̂ +(2+2 𝜆)𝑗̂+(3+ 𝜆) 𝑘) ̂∙ (3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂) = 0
3(2- 𝜆)+(2+ 2𝜆) =0
𝜆 =8
14. 𝑎 =𝑙𝑖̂ + 𝑚𝑗̂ + 𝑛𝑘̂
Let ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑖̂ =(𝑙𝑖̂ + 𝑚𝑗̂ + 𝑛𝑘̂)∙ 𝑖̂
=l
𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑗̂ =(𝑙𝑖̂ + 𝑚𝑗̂ + 𝑛𝑘̂ )∙ 𝑗̂
=m
𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑘 =(𝑙𝑖̂ + 𝑚𝑗̂ + 𝑛𝑘̂)∙ 𝑘̂
̂
=n
RHS= (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑖̂) 𝑖̂ + (𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑗̂) 𝑗̂ +(𝑎⃗ ∙ 𝑘̂ ) 𝑘̂
=𝑙𝑖̂ + 𝑚𝑗̂ + 𝑛𝑘̂
= ⃗⃗⃗𝑎⃗
=LHS
 1
15. We know that Area of triangle = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝐵𝐴
|𝐵𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗|
2
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =(4-2) 𝑖̂ +(5+1) 𝑗̂ + (-1-4) 𝑘̂
𝐵𝐶
=2 𝑖̂ + 6𝑗̂ -5𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = −𝑖̂ + 3𝑗̂ - 𝑘̂
𝐵𝐴
A(1,2,3)

( 2,-1,4) B C(4,5,-
1)
𝑖̂ 𝑗̂ 𝑘̂
𝐵𝐶 × 𝐵𝐴 =[ 2 6 −5] = 9𝑖̂ + 7𝑗̂ +12 𝑘̂
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
−1 3 −1
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × 𝐵𝐴
| 𝐵𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ | =√81 + 49 + 144 =√274
1
Area of triangle = |𝐵𝐶 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ × ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐵𝐴|
2

1
= 2 √274 sq. units