Class 11 Gravitation

Explore the fascinating world of gravitation, from the basic principles of

Newton's law to the concept of escape velocity. Unveil the hidden forces
that shape the universe.

by Subham palai
CLASS – 11
SECTION – B
ROLL NO – 17
Introduction to Gravitation
1 Definition of Gravitation

Gravitation is the force of attraction between two objects with mass.

2 Importance of Studying Gravitation

Understanding gravitation helps us comprehend celestial motion, tidal forces, and the
structure of the universe.
Fundamental Force �� Keeping Us Grounded ��

Gravitation is one of the fundamental Gravity keeps our feet firmly on the
forces of nature, responsible for the ground, allowing us to walk, run, and live
motion of celestial bodies and the our lives without floating away.
structure of the universe.

Orbiting Satellites �� Exploring the Cosmos ��

Gravitational forces enable the smooth Understanding gravitation unlocks the

functioning of satellites, facilitating secrets of the universe, revealing insights
communication, navigation, and weather into the birth, life, and death of stars,
forecasting from space. galaxies, and black holes.
Kepler's Laws
1 Law of Orbits

Planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths with the sun at one of the foci. Explore
the fascinating shapes of planetary orbits in our solar system.

2 Law of Areas

A line connecting a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time
intervals, showcasing the conservation of angular momentum.

3 Law of Periods

The square of a planet's orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of

its average distance from the sun. Uncover the harmony in planetary motion.
Kepler's Laws
1 Law of Orbits

Planets orbit the sun in elliptical paths with the sun at one of the foci. Explore
the fascinating shapes of planetary orbits in our solar system.

2 Law of Areas

A line connecting a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time
intervals, showcasing the conservation of angular momentum.

3 Law of Periods

The square of a planet's orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of

its average distance from the sun. Uncover the harmony in planetary motion.
Law of Gravitation
1 Newton's Law of Gravitation

Every particle in the universe attracts every other particle with a force directly
proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of
the distance between their centers.

2 Formula for Calculating Gravitational Force

F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2

3 Examples Illustrating the Use of the Law

Discover the practical applications of the law of gravitation in space missions, satellite
orbits, and planetary motion.
Gravitational Field and Potential

Gravitational Field Gravitational Potential Gravity Waves

Experience the fascinating Dive into the concept of Explore the ripples in the
concept of a gravitational gravitational potential, a fabric of spacetime caused
field, a region in spacetime scalar quantity that by the acceleration of
where an object with mass determines the work needed massive objects, revealing
experiences a gravitational to move an object against the presence of gravitational
force. gravitational forces. waves.
Gravitational Field
1 Definition of Gravitational Field

A gravitational field is the region in which a mass experiences a force due to the
presence of another mass.

2 Understanding the Concept of Field Strength

The strength of the gravitational field depends on the mass of the object creating the
field.

3 Calculation of Gravitational Field Strength

G=F/m
Gravitational Potential Energy

1 Definition of 2 Calculation of 3 Examples

Gravitational Gravitational Showcasing
Potential Energy Potential Energy Gravitational
Potential Energy in
Gravitational potential Potential Energy = m * g Different Scenarios
energy is the energy *h Explore how potential
possessed by an object energy varies with
due to its position in a height, and its
gravitational field. significance in activities
such as bungee jumping
and roller coasters.
Escape Velocity
1 Definition of Escape Velocity

Escape velocity is the minimum velocity required to escape the gravitational pull of a
celestial body.

2 Calculation of Escape Velocity for Different Celestial Bodies

Escape Velocity = sqrt(2 * G * M / r)

3 Practical Applications of Escape Velocity in Space Exploration

Learn how escape velocity determines the success of rocket launches and
interplanetary missions.
Acceleration due to Gravity
Formula Below vs Above Surface

The acceleration due to gravity on the surface The acceleration due to gravity decreases
of the Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s². slightly with increasing altitude. Discover how
Uncover the factors that influence this value. gravity behaves at different heights.
Gravitational Potential Energy
1 Stored Energy

Gravitational potential energy arises from the gravitational force between objects.
Learn how this energy can be harnessed and transformed.

2 Comparing Heights

Discover the relationship between gravitational potential energy and the vertical
distance an object moves in a gravitational field.
Space Exploration: Earth Satellites
1 Types of Satellites

From communication to weather, scientific research to navigation, explore

the diverse range of satellites orbiting our planet.

2 Energy of Orbiting Satellites

Learn how the kinetic and potential energy of satellites working together
enable them to maintain their orbits around the Earth.
Summary
Essential Knowledge Inspiring Exploration ��

Reflect on the key concepts covered in W e invite you to continue your journey of
this presentation, empowering you with a exploration into the vast realm of physics,
deeper understanding of gravitation and uncovering more wonders that lie beyond.
its significance in the universe.
Conclusion
Gravitation is a fundamental force that influences the behavior of celestial bodies, shapes the structure of
the universe, and provides captivating insights into the mysteries of space and time.