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Stalking and Eve Teasing - PPTX 2 PDF

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14 views

Stalking and Eve Teasing - PPTX 2 PDF

Uploaded by

harmanjotsinghh20
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ignorantia juris non excusat

Non-compoundable
Cognizable (the police can offences (cannot be
arrest the accused without a settled outside the court)
warrant)
Stalking

Stalking is a type of behaviour that involves


persistent and unwanted surveillance, attention,
harassment or any other type of conduct that is
directed towards a specific person and causes
them considerable fear or anxiety.
Stalking

8.
Stalking :A precursor to serious crimes
One in every 4 women and one in every 10 men are
stalked at least once their lifetime.
94% women murdered were stalked by their intimate
partner in the year prior.
Up to 35% stalking cases lead to violence.
Stalking

7.

27% Have violence endings

8.
Eve
Teasing
Eve teasing is an act of harassing women
playfully or maliciously, either physically or
psychologically. It includes making fun of,
irritating, provoking, annoying or embarrassing
through comments, remarks, gestures, perverted
jokes, songs, physical contact or taunts.
Impact
Sections dealing with eve-teasing are:
Section 294: This section penalises acts of obscenity in public
places. These acts include singing songs, reciting poems,
stating words or making gestures to a woman that are obscene
in nature.

Punishment: Three months of imprisonment or fine or both.

National commission for Women helpline number


1091, Punjab helpline : 181, 1043
tel:7827170170
Section 11 : POCSO

A person is said to commit sexual harassment upon a child when


such person with sexual intent,--

i. utters any word or makes any sound, or makes any gesture or


exhibits any object or part of body with the intention that such
word or sound shall be heard, or such gesture or object or part
of body shall be seen by the child; or

(ii) makes a child exhibit his body or any part of his body so as
it is seen by such person or any other person; or

(iii) shows any object to a child in any form or media for


pornographic purposes; or
(iv) repeatedly or constantly follows or watches or contacts a
child either directly or through electronic, digital or any other
means; or

(v) threatens to use, in any form of media, a real or fabricated


depiction through electronic, film or digital or any other mode, of
any part of the body of the child or the involvement of the child
in a sexual act;

(vi) entices a child for pornographic purposes or gives


gratification therefore.

1098 : child helpline number


Punishment ; 5 to 7 years upto 5 lakhs penalty
Non bailable 6 months
The case of cyberstalking is dealt with in India mainly by the Information
Technology Act, 2000. Section 66A of the IT Act, 2000, illustrates
‘punishment for sending offensive messages through communication
service, etc.’

As per this Section, any individual “who sends, by means of a computer


resource or a communication device, (a) any information that is grossly
offensive or has menacing character; or (b) any information which he
knows to be false, but for the purpose of causing annoyance,
inconvenience, danger, obstruction, insult, injury, criminal intimidation,
enmity, hatred or ill will, persistently by making use of such computer
resource or a communication device; shall be punishable with imprisonment
for a term which may extend to three years and with fine.”
Section 66E of the IT Act deals with voyeurism through the internet,
commonly as a result of cyberstalking.

Also, Section 67A and Section 67B of the IT Act provide ‘punishment for
publishing or transmitting of material containing sexually explicit act,
etc., in electronic form’ and ‘punishment for publishing or transmitting
of material depicting children in sexually explicit act, etc., in electronic
form’ respectively. (Applicable for morphing images/videos)

The punishment is 5 years and with fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees
and in the event of second or subsequent conviction with imprisonment of
either description for a term which may extend to seven years and also with
fine which may extend to ten lakh rupees.”
Section 354A of the IPC deals with sexual harassment offences including
un welcomed physical contact, pornography against the woman’s will,
and making sexually coloured remarks.

Section 354B of the IPC addresses the offence of assault or use of criminal
force with the intent to disrobe a woman. While not directly related to
stalking, it deals with a specific form of assault that can be associated with
cases of stalking, wherein the stalker intends to cause humiliation or exert
control over the victim.

Section 354C of the IPC pertains to voyeurism, which involves capturing or


recording the image of a person engaged in a private act without their
consent. This Section punishes the one who disseminates such images or
recordings.
Under Section 354D of the IPC where stalking is defined as
the act of following, contacting, or attempting to contact a
person persistently despite their clear indication of
disinterest or through any other means of communication,
causing fear or distress in the victim.

Section 354D(2) of the IPC deals with stalking punishment


in India which is imprisonment for a term that may extend
to three years and with a liable fine for first conviction. For
a second or subsequent conviction, the offender is
punished with imprisonment for a term that may extend to
five years and with a liable fine.
Section 506 of the IPC addresses criminal intimidation, which can be
relevant in cases where stalkers use threats or intimidating behaviour to
instil fear or exert control over their victims. Upto 7 years imprisonment.

Section 509 Whoever, intending to insult the modesty of any woman, utters
any word, makes any sound or gesture, or exhibits any object, intending that
such word or sound shall be heard, or that such gesture or object shall be
seen, by such woman, or intrudes upon the privacy of such woman, shall be
punished with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to three
years, and also with fine

Read more at: https://devgan.in/ipc/section/509/


Why stalkers stalk ?
Why do the stalkers stalk?
How we think vs how the science explains stalking :

Charisma and physical attractiveness.


Vulnerability : Social isolation, low self esteem.
Behavioural signals ; unintentional mixed
signals and openness on social media.
Cultural impact : Glamourising romance and
obsession
The zebra philosophy
“Stalking is the product of a
number of different states of
mind”
Psychological Factors of the Stalker
A) Delusions

Grandiose type
Belief in one’s inflated self
(power, knowledge, status,
association with some deity)
A) Delusions

Persecutory type
Belief that one has been
unfairly or malevolently
treated.
2. SUD :
Substance
use disorder
3) Underlying mental health conditions

Morbid Infatuations
MDD
1. Rejected stalker : 35%
Who are they?
A) Rejected by a person they want to have relationship with.
Why they stalk?
A) They want to salvage the relationship. (reconciliation)
B) They are angry and want revenge for rejection.
These are most likely to assault
How to deal with Rejected suitors?
1. Say no once only and then never say anything to
them. If a stalker cant have the love of his/her victim,
they will take the hatred or fear but what they cant
take is being ignored.
2. Former intimate partner stalkers have their entire
sense of self-worth caught up in the fact that, "They
love me."Therefore, any evidence to the contrary is
seen as merely an inconvenience to overcome. Since
giving up his victim means giving up his self-worth, he
is very unlikely to do so. Don't help him hang on.
2. Intimacy Seekers : 33%
They desire a close relationship with their victim;
These are the most persistent stalkers.
Such stalkers often believe that the victim is a long-
sought-after soul mate, and they were 'meant' to be
together
Cyber-stalking

Cyberstalking is the use of computers or other electronic technology


to facilitate stalking.
In Davis (2001), Lucks identified a separate category of stalkers
who instead of a terrestrial means, prefer to perpetrate crimes
against their targeted victims through electronic and online mean.
3. The Incompetent Suitor : 15%

They are poor at social skills. The context for stalking is


loneliness. The behaviour is motivated by a desire to
establish a relationship with someone who has attracted
their interest.

In this group, however, the stalking is


rarely sustained over long periods, given
the propensity to shift attention after
multiple rebuffs or legal intervention.
4. Resentful Stalkers : 11%
Seeking revenge against a perceived wrong.
They may stalk to intimidate, frighten, or make the
victim feel guilty for perceived wrongdoings or slights.
They feel like they have been mistreated in some
way and think that they have a certain amount of
power over the victim.
Such stalkers often have some form of mental illness
and can be self-pitying and self-righteous
They rarely resort to violence.
5. Predatory Stalker 4%
Predators are often sexually obsessed or have
deviant sexual fantasies. Typically male, their
victims are usually women who are strangers, but in
who the stalker has a sexual interest. It can start
with voyeurism, which becomes a precursor to
sexual assault.
Stalking Safety Tips
When out of the house or work environment, try not to travel alone and try to stay in
public areas.
Get a new, unlisted phone number. Leave the old number active and connected to
an answering machine or voicemail. Have a friend, advocate, or law enforcement
screen the calls, and save any messages from the stalker. These messages,
particularly those that are explicitly abusive or threatening, can be critical evidence
for law enforcement to build a stalking case against the offender.
Do not interact with the person stalking or harassing you. Responding to stalker's
actions may reinforce their behaviour.
Consider obtaining a protective order against the stalker. Some states offer stalking
protective orders and other victims may be eligible for protective orders under their
state's domestic violence statutes.
Trust your instincts. If you're somewhere that doesn't feel safe, either find ways to
make it safer, or leave.
Give a picture of the stalker to security and friends at work and school.
Alter routes to and from work
Draw attention to
consequences of behaviour
• Provide face saving exit
(preserve reputation/ dignity/
credibility)
Need hobbies
Get rid of substance abuse
Get rid of pornography

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