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Future Forms 1

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11 views

Future Forms 1

Uploaded by

2157010233
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FUTURE FORMS

1. Present Continuous, be going to & will


 Form:
o be going to: p. 122
o will/shall: p. 123
 Uses:
o talk about personal plans and arrangements in the future
 be going to: it’s still an intention and we haven’t made all the
arrangements yet
be going to is also used to talk about what we plan to do
in the immediate future
 present continuous: we have already made all the
arrangements; therefore, the form is normally used to explain
why we can’t do something in the future
o talk about predictions:
 be going to: based something we can see now or general
opinion/knowledge
 will: based on our personal opinion or knowledge (often used
with expressions I think, I don’t think, etc)
adverbs such as probably, certainly, definitely can be
used to make the predictions weaker or stronger
o other uses of will
 talk about events that are certain to happen
 talk about something we decide to do at the same time as
speaking, i.e. something we didn’t plan
 make offers, promises, warnings
 for suggestions: use shall

2. Future Continuous
 Form: p. 126
 Uses:
o talk about an action that will be in progress at or around a time in
the future
e.g. By this time next month I’ll be living in my new flat!
o talk about a future action that may affect another action or may
make another action possible or necessary
e.g. I’ll be meeting my friends after work so I may be home late.
e.g. I’ll be seeing the doctor tomorrow. Do you want me to ask
her about your prescription?
o ask about personal plans and arrangements (more polite than
present continuous or be going to)
e.g. Will you be coming to the party? is more polite than Are
you coming to the party?
o talk about something that will happen if everything happens as we
expect, i.e. something happening as part of a course of events.
e.g. The ceremony will be starting at seven o’clock. (Once the
reception is complete.)

3. Future Perfect and Future Perfect Continuous


 Form: p. 128
 Uses:
o Future Perfect: talk about an action which we expect to be
completed by a particular time in the future (the work is completed)
e.g. By ten o’clock I’ll have finished my essay.
o Future Perfect Continuous: talk about an action which is happening
up to a particular time in the future (emphasise “how long”); the
action may stop at that time or continue after it (the work may not be
completed)
e.g. By ten o’clock I’ll have been writing my essay for four
hours.
 Future Perfect Continuous can be used to explain the reason for
a future situation
e.g. They’ll have been working since eight o’clock so
they’ll be tired.

4. Present Simple
 Uses:
o talk about future events on a timetable or fixed programme,
definite arrangements that we can’t change
 will is also possible for this use
 use present continuous or be going to for personal arrangements
o we use the Present Simple after conjunctions about time such as
when, as soon as, before, after, once, until (emphasise a definite
point of time)
e.g. Our next meeting is at 11.00 on Thursday.
 Present Perfect can be used after these conjunctions to
emphasise a completed action
e.g. I’ll tell you what it’s like after I’ve seen it.
 don’t use will after these conjunctions
5. was/were going to
 Uses:
o Talk about something that was expected or planned for the future
but didn’t happen (the future in the past)
 normally used to make excuses about something we failed to do
e.g. I was going to finish my homework but I didn’t have time.

6. Other Structures
o am/is/are + to-inf: talk about future events; used in formal situations
such as in news report, instructions or orders
e.g. The bridge is to be opened by the mayor on July 20th.
o am/is/are about + to-inf: talk about an action that will happen in the
immediate future
e.g. Hurry up! The train is about to leave.
o Other structures: p. 132
 be due to: an event that is expected in the future
e.g. Rose is due to start school in January.

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