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21 views

Day 5

ere

Uploaded by

ashok
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER – 8

Gr 9 CBSE
MOTION

Step 1 : First go through this link and watch a video twice.


Step 2 : Read the below notes for the topic
Step 3 : Answer the questions followed in the Physics class notebook .

Day 5 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V5E_LLUgbjI

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0VKlpetP9A

VELOCITY-TIME GRAPH
The geometrical relationship between the velocity of an object and the time taken by the object is called
the velocity-time graph.

The velocity-time graph of an object can be drown by taking the time taken along the X-axis and the
velocity along the Y-axis. The ratio of the velocity and the time taken will give the acceleration of the
object. Therefore, the slope of the velocity-time graph gives the acceleration of the given object. That is, by
using this graph one can find the acceleration of an object. The velocity-time graph under different
conditions are shown below.

(Speed)Velocity-Time Graphs:
 A velocity-time graph shows how the velocity (or speed) of an object changes over time.

Graph showing how the velocity (speed) of an object changes over time

 If the line is horizontal, the velocity is constant (no acceleration).


 If the line slopes upwards then the object is accelerating (speeding up).
 If the line goes down then the object is decelerating (slowing down).
Calculating Distance under speed( velocity) –time graph
 The distance travelled by an object can be found by determining the area beneath the graph.

The distance travelled can be found from the area beneath the graph

 If the area beneath the graph forms a triangle (the object is accelerating or decelerating) then the area can be
determined using the formula:

area = 1/2 x base x height


 If the area beneath the graph is a rectangle (constant velocity) then the area can be determined using the formula:

area = base x height


Calculating Acceleration

The acceleration of an object is given by the gradient of the graph:

Acceleration = gradient = Rise / Run

Graph showing how acceleration can be determined from gradient

Lines that slope downwards have negative gradients and so can be said to have negative accelerations: This is the
same thing as a deceleration.
If the gradient of the line changes then the acceleration of the body must be changing:
A line with constant gradient represents constant acceleration (linear motion).
A curved line represents changing acceleration – either decreasing (if the gradient gets smaller) or increasing (if
the gradient gets large).
1. What is the nature of the distance−time graphs for uniform and non-uniform motion of an object?

2. What can you say about the motion of an object whose distance−time graph is a straight
line parallel to the time axis?

3. What can you say about the motion of an object if its speed−time graph is a straight line
parallel to the time axis?

4. What is the quantity which is measured by the area occupied below the velocity−time graph?
NUMERICALS
1. The right-sided figure is the distance-time graph of an object. Do you think it represents a real situation?
If so, why? If not, why not?

2. The graph in below figure shows the positions of a body at different times. Calculate the speed of the
body as it moves from (i) A to B (ii) B to C and (iii) C to D.

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