76.

A positive electric charge is moved at a constant speed between two locations in an electric field, with no work
done by or against the field at any time during the motion. This situation can occur only if the
(A) charge is moved in the direction of the field
(B) charge is moved opposite to the direction of the field
(C) charge is moved perpendicular to an equipotential line
(D) charge is moved along an equipotential line
(E) electric field is uniform

77. The nonconducting hollow sphere of radius R shown above carries a large charge +Q, which is uniformly
distributed on its surface. There is a small hole in the sphere. A small charge +q is initially located at point P. a
distance r from the center of the sphere. If k = 1/4πε o , what is the work that must be done by an external agent
in moving the charge +q from P through the hole to the center O of the sphere?
(A) Zero (B) kqQ/r (C) kqQ/R (D) kq(Q – q)/r (E) kqQ(1/R – 1/r)

Questions 78 – 79
A capacitor is constructed of two identical conducting plates parallel to each other and separated by a distance
d. The capacitor is charged to a potential difference of V 0 by a battery, which is then disconnected.

78. If any edge effects are negligible, what is the magnitude of the electric field between the plates?
(A) V 0 d (B) V 0 /d (C) d/V 0 (D) V 0 /d2 (E) V 0 2/d

79. A sheet of insulating plastic material is inserted between the plates without otherwise disturbing the system.
What effect does this have on the capacitance?
(A) It causes the capacitance to increase.
(B) It causes the capacitance to decrease.
(C) None; the capacitance does not change.
(D) Nothing can be said about the effect without knowing the dielectric constant of the plastic.
(E) Nothing can be said about the effect without knowing the thickness of the sheet.

*80. A point charge +Q is inside an uncharged conducting spherical shell that in turn is near several isolated point
charges, as shown above. The electric field at point P inside the shell depends on the magnitude of
(A) Q only
(B) the charge distribution on the sphere only
(C) Q and the charge distribution on the sphere
(D) all of the point charges
(E) all of the point charges and the charge distribution on the sphere

81. A 20 μF parallel–plate capacitor is fully charged to 30 V. The energy stored in the capacitor is most nearly
(A) 9 × 103 J (B) 9 × 10–3 J (C) 6 × 10–4 J (D) 2 × 10–4 J (E) 2 × 10–7 J

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82. A potential difference V is maintained between two large, parallel conducting plates. An electron starts from
rest on the surface of one plate and accelerates toward the other. Its speed as it reaches the second plate is
proportional to
1
(A) 1/V (B) (C) V (D) V (E) V2
V

Questions 83 – 84

Particles of charge Q and –4Q are located on the x–axis as shown in the figure above. Assume the particles are
isolated from all other charges.

83. Which of the following describes the direction of the electric field at point P?
(A) +x (B) +y (C)–y
(D) Components in both the –x and +y directions
(E) Components in both the +x and –y directions

84. At which of the labeled points on the x–axis is the electric field zero?
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E

85. A solid metallic sphere of radius R has charge Q uniformly distributed on its outer surface. A graph of electric
potential V as a function of position r is shown above. Which of the following graphs best represents the
magnitude of the electric field E as a function of position r for this sphere?

20
Questions 86 – 87

As shown in the figure above, six particles, each with charge +Q, are held fixed and ate equally spaced around
the circumference of a circle of radius R.

86. What is the magnitude of the resultant electric field at the center of the circle?
6 Q 2 3 Q 3 2 Q 3 Q
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) (E)
4πε 0 R 2 4πε 0 R 2 4πε 0 R 2 2πε 0 R 2

87. With the six particles held fixed, how much work would be required to bring a seventh particle of charge + Q
from very far away and place it at the center of the circle?
6 Q 3 Q2 3 Q2 9 Q2
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) (E)
4πε 0 R 2πε 0 R 2 2πε 0 R πε 0 R

Questions 88 – 90

The diagram above shows equipotential lines produced by an unknown charge distribution. A, B, C, D, and E
are points in the plane.

88. Which vector below best describes the direction of the electric field at point A ?

(A) (B)

(C) (D)

(E) None of these; the field is zero.

89. At which point does the electric field have the greatest magnitude?
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E

90. How much net work must be done by an external force to move a –1 μC point charge from rest at point C to rest
at point E ?
(A) –20 μJ (B) –10 μJ (C) 10 μJ (D) 20 μJ (E) 30 μJ

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91. The plates of a parallel–plate capacitor of cross sectional area A are separated by a distance d, as shown above.
Between the plates is a dielectric material of constant K. The plates are connected in series with a variable
resistance R and a power supply of potential difference V. The capacitance C of this capacitor will increase if
which of the following is decreased?
(A) A (B) R (C) K (D) d (E) V

92. A physics problem starts: "A solid sphere has charge distributed uniformly throughout. . . " It may be correctly
concluded that the
(A) electric field is zero everywhere inside the sphere
(B) electric field inside the sphere is the same as the electric field outside
(C) electric potential on the surface of the sphere is not constant
(D) electric potential in the center of the sphere is zero
(E) sphere is not made of metal

*93. A uniform spherical charge distribution has radius R.. Which of the following is true of the electric field
strength due to this charge distribution at a distance r from the center of the charge?
(A) It is greatest when r = 0.
(B) It is greatest when r = R/2.
(C) It is directly proportional to r when r > R.
(D) It is directly proportional to r when r < R.
(E) It is directly proportional to r2.

94. When a negatively charged rod is brought near, but does not touch, the initially uncharged electroscope shown
above, the leaves spring apart (I). When the electroscope is then touched with a finger, the leaves collapse (II).
When next the finger and finally the rod are removed, the leaves spring apart a second time (III). The charge on
the leaves is
(A) positive in both I and III
(B) negative in both I and III
(C) positive in I, negative in III
(D) negative in I, positive in III
(E) impossible to determine in either I or III

95. A positively charged conductor attracts a second object. Which of the following statements could be true?
I. The second object is a conductor with negative net charge.
II. The second object is a conductor with zero net charge.
III. The second object is an insulator with zero net charge..
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I & II only (E) I, II & III

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Questions 96 – 97

A point charge of +4.0 µC is placed on the negative x–axis 0.20 m to the left of the origin, as shown in the
accompanying figure. A second point charge q is placed on the positive x–axis 0.30 m to the right of the origin.

96. If the net electric field at the origin is zero. What is q?

(A) +9.0 µC (B) +6.0 µC (C) 0 (D) –6.0 µC (E) –9.0 µC

97. If the net electric potential at the origin is zero, what is q?

(A) +9.0 µC (B) +6.0 µC (C) 0 (D) –6.0 µC (E) –9.0 µC

98. Which of the following statements about solid conductors in electrostatics are true?
I. The electric field inside the conductor is always zero.
II. The electric potential inside the conductor is always zero.
III. Any net charge is on the surface.
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I & III only (E) II & III only

99. A small object with charge q and weight mg is attached to one end of a string of length L. The other end is
attached to a stationary support. The system is placed in a uniform horizontal electric field E, as shown in the
accompanying figure. In the presence of the field, the string makes a constant angle q with the vertical. What is
the sign and magnitude of q?
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
(A) positive with magnitude
𝐸𝐸
(B) positive with magnitude
𝐸𝐸
tan 𝜃𝜃
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
(C) negative with magnitude
𝐸𝐸
(D) negative with magnitude
𝐸𝐸
tan 𝜃𝜃
𝐸𝐸
(E) negative with magnitude
𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
tan 𝜃𝜃

100. An isolated conducting sphere of radius R has positive charge + Q. Which graph best depicts the electric
potential as a function of r, the distance from the center of the sphere?

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101. Two large parallel plates a distance d apart are charged by connecting them to a battery of potential difference
V. The battery is disconnected, and the plates are slowly moved apart. As the distance between plates increases:
(A) the charge on the plates decreases.
(B) the electric field intensity between the plates increases.
(C) the electric field intensity between the plates decreases.
(D) the potential difference between the plates decreases.
(E) the potential difference between the plates increases.

102. In the figure to the right, equipotential lines are drawn at 0, 20.0 V, and 40.0 V. The total work done in moving
a point charge of + 3.00 mC from position a to position b is:
(A) 4.00 mJ (B) 8.00 mJ (C) 12.0 mJ (D) 24.0 mJ (E) 120 mJ

103. Two positive point charges repel each other with force 0.36 N when their separation is 1.5 m. What force do
they exert on each other when their separation is 1.0 m?
(A) 0.81 N (B) 0.54 N (C) 0.36 N (D) 0.24 N (E) 0.16 N

*104.An amber rod is given a net negative charge and held at rest. Which of the following statements is true?
(A) The amber rod is surrounded only by a magnetic field that circles the rod.
(B) The amber rod is surrounded only by an electric field that is directed out from the rod.
(C) The amber rod is surrounded only by an electric field that is directed into the rod.
(D) The amber rod is surrounded by both a magnetic field that circles the rod and an electric field that is
directed out from the rod.
(E) The amber rod is surrounded by both a magnetic field that circles the rod and an electric field that is
directed into the rod.

105. Two isolated conducting spheres (S 1 of radius 0.030 m and initial charge + 6.0 nC and S 2 of radius 0.040 m and
initial charge + 2.0 nC) are connected by a conducting wire. Charge will flow in the wire until:
(A) both spheres are equally charged.
(B) the net charge is zero.
(C) the force of repulsion between the two spheres becomes equal.
(D) both spheres have the same surface charge density.
(E) both spheres are at the same potential.

106. A point charge +q is placed midway between two point charges +3q and –q separated by a distance 2d. If
Coulomb’s constant is k, the magnitude of the force on the charge +q is:

107. How much work is required to move – 24 mC of charge 4.0 m parallel to a uniform 6.0 N/C electric field?
(A) 1.0 mJ (B) 16 mJ (C) 36 mJ (D) 62 mJ (E) 576 mJ

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108. An isolated conducting sphere of radius R has positive charge + Q. Which graph best depicts the electric field
as a function of r, the distance from the center of the sphere?

109. Point charges 1 and 2 have equal magnitude. The diagram to above shows the electric field lines surrounding
them. Which of the following statements is true?
(A) Charge 1 is positive, charge 2 is negative.
(B) Charge 1 is negative, charge 2 is positive.
(C) Both charges 1 and 2 are positive.
(D) Both charges 1 and 2 are negative.
(E) Both charges 1 and 2 have the same sign, but it is impossible to tell which.

110. A charged rod is placed between two insulated conducting spheres as shown. The spheres have no net charge.
Region II has the same polarity as Region
(A) I only (B) III only (C) IV only (D) I & III only (E) I & IV only

111. Two large oppositely charged insulated plates have a uniform electric field between them. The distance between
the plates is increased. Which of the following statements is true?
I. The field strength decreases.
II. The field strength increases.
III. The potential difference between the plates increases.
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and III only (E) II and III only

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112. When two charged point–like objects are separated by a distance R, the force between them is F. If the distance
between them is quadrupled, the force between them is
(A) 16 F (B) 4 F (C) F (D) F/4 (E) F/16

113. An electroscope is given a positive charge, causing its foil leaves to separate. When an object is brought near
the top plate of the electroscope, the foils separate even further. We could conclude
(A) that the object is positively charged.
(B) that the object is electrically neutral.
(C) that the object is negatively charged.
(D) only that the object is charged.
(E) only that the object is uncharged.

114. Four positive point charges are arranged as shown in the accompanying diagram. The force between charges 1
and 3 is 6.0 N; the force between charges 2 and 3 is 5.0 N; and the force between charges 3 and 4 is 3.0 N. The
magnitude of the total force on charge 3 is most nearly
(A) 6.3 N (B) 8.0 N (C) 10 N (D) 11 N (E) 14 N

115. Two isolated parallel plates are separated by a distance d. They carry opposite charges Q and each has surface
area A. Which of the following would increase the strength of the electric field between the plates?
I. Increasing Q
II. Increasing A
III. Increasing d
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I & III only (E) II & III only

116. Consider the two oppositely charged plates as shown in the diagram. At which of the marked points shown in
the diagram would a positively charged particle have the greatest electrical potential energy?
(A) A (B) B (C) C (D) D (E) E

117. How much work would be required to move a 4 coulomb charge 6 meters parallel to a 24 N/C electric field?
(A) 0 J (B) 24 J (C) 96 J (D) 144 J (E) 576 J

118. When a positive electrically charged glass rod is brought near a neutral hollow metal sphere suspended by an
insulating string, the sphere will be attracted to the rod because:
(A) the rod is much larger than the sphere
(B) the rod removes electron from the sphere
(C) the electric charge produces a magnetic field to attract the sphere
(D) the charge on the rod causes a separation of charge in the sphere
(E) some of the protons from the rod have been given to the sphere

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*119.An alpha particle and a proton are placed equal distance between two large charged metal plates as shown.
Which of the following would best describe the motion of the two particles if they were free to move?
(A) The alpha particle will travel upwards with twice the velocity of the proton.
(B) Both particles will travel upwards with the same velocity.
(C) The alpha particle will accelerate upwards with twice the acceleration of the proton.
(D) Both particles will accelerate upwards with the same acceleration.
(E) The alpha particle will accelerate upwards with half the acceleration of the proton.

120. Two parallel metal plates carry opposite electrical charges each with a magnitude of Q. The plates are separated
by a distance d and each plate has an area A. Consider the following:
I. increasing Q
II. increasing d
III. increasing A
Which of the following would have the effect of reducing the potential difference between the plates?
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) I and III (E) II and III

121. A positive point charge of +q and a negative point charge of –q are separated by a distance d. What would be
the magnitude of the electric field midway between the two charges?
kq 2kq 4kq 8kq
(A) E = 0 (B) E = (C) E = (D) E = (E) E =
d2 d2 d d2

122. A positive charge +Q located at the origin produces an electric field E 0 at point P (x = +1, y = 0). A negative
charge –2Q is placed at such a point as to produce a net field of zero at point P. The second charge will be
placed on the
(A) x-axis where x > 1 (B) x-axis where 0 < x < 1 (C) x-axis where x < 0 (D) y-axis where y > 0
(E) y-axis where y < 0

123. A 300 eV electron is aimed midway between two parallel metal plates with a potential difference of 400 V. The
electron is deflected upwards and strikes the upper plate as shown. What would be the kinetic energy of the
electron just before striking the metal plate?
(A) 360 eV (B) 400 eV (C) 500 eV (D) 700 eV (E) 740 eV

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124. Two small hollow metal spheres hung on insulating threads attract one another as shown. It is known that a
positively charged rod will attract ball A.
I. Ball A has a positive charge
II. Ball B has a negative charge
III. Ball A and Ball B have opposite charges
Which of the above can be correctly concluded about the charge on the balls?
(A) I only (B) II only (C) III only (D) all of these (E) none of these

125. A 5 × 10–6 coulomb electric charge is placed midway between two parallel metal plates connected to a 9–volt
battery. If the electric charge experiences a force of 1.5 × 10–4 newtons, what is the separation of the metal
plates?
(A) 6.75 × 10–9 m (B) 2.7 × 10–4 m (C) 3.7 × 10–3 m (D) 0.30 m (E) 3.3 m

*126.A parallel–plate capacitor is connected to a resistanceless circuit with a battery having emf E until the capacitor
is fully charged. The battery is then disconnected from the circuit and the plates of the capacitor are moved to
half of their original separation using insulated gloves. Let V new be the potential difference across the capacitor
plates when the plates are moved together. Let V old be the potential difference across the capacitor plates when
Vnew
connected to the battery. =
Vold
A) ¼ B) ½ C) 1 D) 2 (E) 4

*127.A solid, uncharged conducting sphere of radius 3a contains a hollowed spherical region of radius a. A point
charge +Q is placed at the common center of the spheres. Taking V = 0 as r approaches infinity, the potential at
position r = 2 a from the center of the spheres is:
2 kQ kQ kQ kQ
(A) 0 (B) (C) (D) (E)
3a 3a a 2a
128. Two identical electrical point charges Q, separated by a distance d produce an electrical force of F on one
another. If the distance is decreased to a distance of 0.40d, what is the strength of the resulting force?
(A) 16F (B) 6.3F (C) 2.5F (D) 0.40F (E) 0.16F

129. The most convincing proof of the fact that electrical charge comes in a fundamentally–sized basic amount was
provided by the work of
(A) Crookes (B) Lorentz (C) Rutherford (D) Faraday (E) Millikan

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