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Fundamentals of Electronic Lecture Note 1st Date

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8 views

Fundamentals of Electronic Lecture Note 1st Date

Uploaded by

usdt15508
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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4/26/2023

FUNDAMENTALS OF ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT DESIGN

Prasad Manjula Wijesinghe


(BSc Eng, AMIE)

COURSE OUTLINE
 Introduction
 Voltage, Current, Resistance, Power
 Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors
 Diodes, Transistors, Sensors and Actuators
 Ic and Micro-controllers
 Design and simulation using Proteus Software
 PCB Design and Manufacturing
 Micro controller Programming (PIC and Arduino)
4/26/2023

INTRODUCTION

VOLTAGE
 Voltage is the difference in electrical potential between two points in space.
 Energy gained or lost by moving a unit of positive charge from one point to another
 Measured in units of Joules per Coulomb, known as a Volt (V)
4/26/2023

CURRENT

 The rate at which electric charge flows through a given area.


 Measured in units of Coulombs per second, known as a Ampere (A)

VOLTAGE & CURRENT


4/26/2023

RESISTANCE

 The ratio between voltage and current is known as resistance.


 Can be introduce as the resistance to flow the current.
 Measured in units of Ohms ()
 For most metallic conductors, the relationship between voltage and
current is linear.
 This is known as Ohm’s law.

POWER
 The power dissipated by a given circuit component is the product of voltage and
current.

=
 Measured in units of Joules per second (J/s), which is also known as a Watt(W)
 Following equations can be used to calculate the power.

= =
4/26/2023

ENERGY
 The Energy dissipated by a given circuit component is the product of power and
time.

=
 Measured in units of kilo Watt Hour (kWh).

ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
 Resistors  Sensors
 Capacitors  IC
 Inductors  Microcontrollers
 Diodes  Fuses
 LEDs  SPD (VDR)
 Transistors  Thermistors
 Displays, Speakers  Terminal blocks & connectors
 Transformers  Switches
 Relays  Oscillators
4/26/2023

RESISTORS
=

RESISTORS
 Most simple and most commonly used electronic component.
 Resistors are equivalent to a pipe.

 Basic parameters of a resistor are Value of Resistance (, k) , Maximum


power (W) and Type of resistor.
4/26/2023

TYPES OF RESISTORS
 Carbon resistors

 Most common type of resistors


 Very cheap to manufacture
 Low accuracy ( E6 +- 20%, E12 +- 10%, E24 +- 5%)
 Power rating from 1/4W to 5W
 Low inductance & Prefer for High frequency applications
 Prefixed with a “CR” notation (eg CR10kΩ )

TYPES OF RESISTORS
 Film type resistors

 Three main types ( Metal film, Carbon film, Metal Oxide film)
 Metal film resistors have better temperature stability
 Metal Oxide Resistors have better high surge current capability.
Metal Film Resistors are prefixed with a “MFR” notation (eg, MFR100kΩ)
Carbon Film Resistors are prefixed with a “CF” notation
 Power rating from 1/20W to ½ W
 High accuracy ( E24 +- 5% & +-2%, E96 +-1%, E192 +-0.5%,+-0.25% & +-0.1 )
4/26/2023

TYPES OF RESISTORS
 Wire wound resistors

 Made by winding a thin metal alloy wire (Nichrome) onto an insulating ceramic former
 Available in very low ohmic high precision values (from 0.01Ω to 100kΩ)
 Prefixed with a “WH” or “W” notation (eg WH10Ω)
 Power ratings from 1W to 300W or more.

TYPES OF RESISTORS
 Chip Resistors (SMD Resistors)

 Commonly known as a Thick Film Resistor


 Used a much thicker conductive paste of CERamic and METal, called CERMET.
 Similar properties to metal film resistors.
Good temperature stability, low noise, and good voltage ratings
Low power and surge current properties.
4/26/2023

RESISTOR COLOR CODE

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