EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

1st Quarter, 1st Semester

MIDTERM EXAMINATION
1st Quarter

Name: _____________________________ Section: ___________________ Score: _________

Instruction: Read the statement carefully. Encircle the letter of your choice.
1. The distinct characteristic that made Earth different from any other planet.
a. It is the only rocky planet.
b. It is the only planet that turns around in space.
c. It is the only planet that changes its structure.
d. It is the only planet that has animals and plants.

2. Why is Earth considered uniquely different from any other planets in the Solar system?
a. Earth is the only planet that changes structure.
b. Earth is the only planet that turns around in space.
c. Earth is the only planet that is mostly covered with water.
d. Earth is the only planet that is mostly made from rocks.

3. How does the atmosphere support other subsystems?

I. It supplies organisms the needed oxygen and carbon dioxide.
II. It absorbs all the minerals and nutrients from the geosphere.
III. It serves as a reservoir for water vapor.
IV. It shapes the Earth’s landforms by its constant movement as the wind.
a. I and II c. II, III and IV
b. I, II and III d. III and IV

4. Picture Analysis. The encircled area of the picture belongs to what subsystem of the Earth.

a. Atmosphere c. Geosphere
b. Biosphere d. Hydrosphere

5. The color of the powder that a mineral leaves on a piece of white, unglazed porcelain is called the
_____________.
a. Color c. Luster
b. Hardness d. Streak

6. What is the hardest mineral based on the Mohs’ Scale?

a. Apatite c. Gypsum
b. Diamond d. Talc

7. Write the sequence of how an igneous rock could change into metamorphic rock and then into magma?
a. crystallization – heat and pressure – melting
b. crystallization – melting – heat and pressure
c. melting – crystallization – heat and pressure
d. melting – heat and pressure – crystallization
8. Extrusive Igneous Rock: Earth’s surface; Intrusive Igneous Rock: __________.
a. Above the Earth’s surface. c. Underneath the Earth’s surface
b. On the Earth’s surface d. At the center.

9. What type of rocks are formed from sediments over long period of time?
a. Igneous Rocks c. Sedimentary Rocks
b. Metamorphic Rocks d. Minerals

10. What is the role of plants like trees in the weathering of rocks?
a. The roots of plants trap the rocks.
b. The leaves dissolve the rocks.
c. The plant moves water from the roots to the leaves.
d. The roots of plants grow into cracks of rocks and expand the rock.

11. You are conducting an experiment regarding hydration of rocks. You remembered that water is an active agent
of weathering. You then combined water with the minerals of rock. What do you think will be the outcome of your
experiment?
a. Cements them together. c. Transports the rock into a lower altitude.
b. Converts the mineral into another kind. d. Weakens the molecular binding of the minerals.

12. The large movement of rocks, soil, and debris downward due to the force of gravity.
a. Major reduction c. Mass transfer
b. Mass reduction d. Mass wasting

13. What heat transfer of fluid in the earth’s interior results to the movement of rocky mantle up to the surface of the
earth?
a. convection c. insolation
b. conduction d. radiation

14. What statement BEST describes convection?

a. A random circulation occurs.
b. A cool material flows upward and displaces hot material.
c. A hot material flows upward and displaces cool material.
d. A heat is transferred from hot material to cool material without inducing a flow.

15. Which of the following types of heat transfer is depicted when a person prefers to sit by a fire during the cold
months to give him with the most heat?
a. Convection and radiation together. c. If it is near the fire, convection sounds good.
b. Radiation will provide quick warmth. d. Conduction from the fire.

16. You are a volcanologist and you have observed that a lava solidifies at the surface of the Earth. Upon further
observation and studies, you have found out that this lava that already solidified has transformed into a rock.
What would be the BEST type of rock to be formed as based on the situation?
a. Igneous Rock c. Mineral
b. Metamorphic Rock d. Sedimentary Rock

17. Mantle rocks remain solid when exposed to high pressure. However, during convection, these rocks tend to go
upward (shallower level) and the pressure is reduced. What could be happening in the mantle?
a. Flux melting. c. Partial melting
b. Heat transfer. d. Decompression melting

18. What type of magma makes up the bulk of ocean floor which accounts to 70% of the Earth’s crust?
a. Alkaline basalts c. Carbonites
b. Calc-alkaline basalts d. Tholeiites

19. How would you compare intrusive igneous rock from extrusive igneous rock?
a. Their crystals are of the same size. c. They are both formed from molten rocks.
b. They have the same texture. d. They both have the same speed of cooling.

20. What would happen to the temperature and pressure if the rocks are buried down deep?
a. it increases c. it remains constant
b. it decreases d. it is intermittently degrading
21. Igneous and sedimentary rocks when exposed to heat and pressure will turn into what type of rock?
a. Igneous rock c. Sedimentary rock
b. Metamorphic rock d. Volcanic rock

22. What information/s would you use to describe an igneous rock?

I. They are the most abundant rock in the world.
II. They are formed from the solidification of magma or lava.
III. They can be extrusive or intrusive.
IV. They undergo solidification followed by cooling.
a. I only c. II, III, IV
b. I and II only d. I, II, IV

23. How does the change in temperature affects the formation of igneous rocks?
a. The higher the temperature, the normal the rate.
b. The higher the temperature, the faster the rate.
c. The lower the temperature, the faster the rate.
d. The lower the temperature, the normal the rate.

24. You have learned that your house is built on a hanging wall. After experiencing an earthquake, you noticed that
your house moved slightly lower to the ground. How will you explain what happen?
a. Divergent boundary and on a normal fault
b. Divergent boundary and on a reverse fault
c. Convergent boundary and on a normal fault
d. Convergent boundary and on a reverse fault

25. What is most likely to happen in nearby areas when edges of crustal plate collided or rub against each other?
a. There will be a breaking up of the ground forming faults.
b. Nearby areas are subjected to different weights of the layers.
c. There will be changes in the atmosphere and hydrosphere of the Earth.
d. Nearby areas become locations of mountain formation and typhoon formation.

26. This law states that, “In any sequence of layered sedimentary rocks, the top layer is younger than the bottom
layer.”
a. Law of lateral continuity c. Law of original horizontality
b. Law of cross-cutting relationship d. Law of superposition

27. What information can be obtained by using ONLY relative dating methods when studying layers of rocks?
a. The fossils of animals and plants that lived in the past.
b. The sequential order of the event occurred in the past.
c. The exact years of the event occurred in the past.
d. The earliest order of the event occurred in the past.

28. What statement is TRUE about the relevance of relative dating to geologic time scale?
a. Provide ages based on radiometric dating of igneous rocks.
b. Provide strata with relative ages and indicate the occurrences of fossils.
c. Provide the age of the ash layers and the occurrence of volcanic eruption events.
d. Provide the succession of events in the layers that would establish the chronological series of events.

29. Which of the following is true about the relevance of absolute dating to geologic time scale?
a. It gives numerical or absolute age of the succession of events in the layers.
b. It determines the age of the ash layers of volcanic eruptions.
c. It provides ages based on radiometric dating of igneous rocks.
d. It provides ages of fossil-bearing sedimentary rocks.

30. How would you characterize a marker fossil to show or to include it in the geologic time scale?
a. Can be easily identified at the species level, has a wide distribution.
b. Can be easily identified at the species level, has a narrow distribution.
c. Can be easily identified with a common family, has a wide distribution.
d. Can be easily identified with a common family, has a narrow distribution.
 31. What fact or information would you select to show that epoch has the shortest division of time?
a. It spans to hundreds to millions of years and comprises an era.
b. It spans to hundreds of years and comprises a period.
c. It spans to several million years and a division of the recent period.
d. It spans to tens of million years and a division the recent eon.

32. What is a potentially damaging geophysical event, phenomenon or human activity that may cause the loss of life
or injury, property damage, social and economic disruption, or environmental degradation?
a. atmospheric hazard c. geologic hazard
b. biological hazard d. hydrologic hazard

33. How can you determine the effects brought about by the different geological hazards to humans?
a. If formation of new landscapes and loss of properties happened.
b. If there are no health issues but people died and lost their belongings.
c. If someone died, houses were destroyed and a new landform such as a hill is formed.
d. If there are animals and humans who died; loss of properties happened; as well as health issues arises.

34. What is a geological hazard map?

a. A map that shows the potential mining areas in different regions of the country.
b. A map that shows the areas prone to hazards brought by geological events.
c. A map that shows the number of geologists based on specific areas.
d. A map that shows the geographic features of an area.

35. Select the BEST reason why knowing the hazard map is important.
a. Hazard maps provide important information to help people prevent natural hazards.
b. Hazard maps provide important information to help people in preparing for emergency bag and first aid kit.
c. Hazard maps provide important information to help people in understanding one another in helping each other
when there is a natural hazard.
d. Hazard maps provide important information to help people understand the risks of natural hazards and to help
mitigate disasters.

36. You are inside the classroom for your first class when suddenly an earthquake happened. What will you do in this
situation?
a. Stay where you are and hold your head.
b. Go under the table for protection.
c. Run immediately as fast as you can and then pray that the shaking stops.
d. Duck down to the floor, take cover under you armchair and hold on until the shaking stops.

37. What possible solution can you do in preventing landslides?

a. Create more Eco bricks.
b. Do not throw your garbage anywhere.
c. Plant trees to denuded areas of the forest.
d. Acquire a protected land for you to protect alone.

38. This describes the clearing of the land for agriculture or grazing, and using the timber for fuel, and construction or
manufacturing which may will lead to landslide.
a. Deforestation c. Mining
b. Excessive land use d. Quarrying

39. It is an excavation or pit, usually open to the air, from which building stone, slate, or the like, is obtained by cutting,
blasting, etc.
a. Deforestation c. Mining
b. Excessive land use d. Quarrying

For items 40-41, refer on the Risk to Typhoon Map.

40. How would you determine the risk level of an area when there is typhoon?
a. By looking at the colors of the map.
b. By looking to the location of the place in the map.
c. By looking at the risk level based on the indicated legend as my basis.
d. By looking at geographical position of the place in the map as my basis.
41. Using the map as your basis, how will you classify the risk level of Ilocos Sur?
a. Very High c. Medium
b. High d. Low

42. Why is the Philippines prone to typhoon hazards?

a. Because it is located near the equator.
b. Because it is located near many active faults.
c. Because it is located near warm ocean waters.
d. Because it is located along the Pacific Ring of Fire.

43. Why is flood contaminated water is dangerous to intake?

a. There are floating materials that are dirty. c. It can hose a place for mosquito propagation.
b. There are plastics in the water that is harmful. d. It can pose certain diseases such as diarrhea.

44. Which of the following BEST describes an area near the sea that experiences continuous surface erosion?
a. The area will remain intact despite sea erosion.
b. Cliffs will form due to sea erosion of the nearby area.
c. Some points in the area will be submerged in seawater.
d. Constructive waves from the sea will bring back sediments to the area.

45. Government can effectively mitigate economic losses due to typhoons by __________.
a. Distributing flood resistant rice varieties to farmers.
b. Intensifying distribution of food packs to affected residents.
c. Invest in educating the people about the hazards due to typhoon.
d. Building typhoon-resistant bridges, school buildings, and other public infrastructures.

46. The government can reduce the damage brought by storm surges by _________.
a. Distributing food packs to affected residents.
b. Relocating residents away from the shoreline.
c. Intensifying information dissemination on storm surge.
d. Constructing shelters near the storm surge prone area.

47. In creating a flood map of your place what are the step to follow in creating a flood map?
I. Draw first the map of your barangay by referring to the municipal map.
II. Conduct a survey of your barangay by interviewing the people in relation to flood.
III. Color the map of different colors which represents the level of water when there is flood.
IV. Post the map to all places that everybody can see.
a. II, I, IV, III c. II, I, III, IV
b. I, II, III, IV d. I, III, IV, II

48. Mitigating saltwater intrusion can be implemented by _______________.

a. Building injection wells that create barrier for intrusion
b. Building seawalls that dissipate wave energy.
c. Building groynes that redirect the flow of water.
d. Building another pumping well farther inland.

49. What is formed when magma cools slowly beneath the Earth’s surface?
a. Extrusive rocks c. Metamorphic rocks
b. Intrusive rocks d. Sedimentary rocks

50. It is the horizontal or vertical displacement of the ground surface along the fault zone.
a. Earthquake Induce Landslide c. Ground Shaking
b. Ground Rupture d. Liquefaction