Introduction To Artificial Intelligence

1. Introduction

Simply human behavior is ascribed to intelligence. Intelligence refers to thinking

ability way of solving different problem ability is God given that is in human also the
power of mind to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. Problem solving,
understanding logic, learning all can be done with the help of thinking ability. Human
intelligence is just recognized as diverse ability. Artificial intelligence refers to a
software or program that can run a thinking ability in robots or machine to perform
task as like as humans. The development of digital computer in 1940s paved a way
that human beings can insert some command for discovering proofs of mathematical
theorem, diagnosis of the disease with accuracy. This means that artificial intelligence
refers to computational tools that substitutes human intelligence in the performance of
some Complex and simple tasks.

The term artificial means man made, and intelligence mainly is that can be stimulated
by machines.
Artificial intelligence based on entering large amount of specialized testing data or
information and different learning patterns so that the machine is able to perform
work or give result to produce life like exchanges with people. This can be done by
writing a program that focus on three things:

• Learning

• Reasoning

• Self-correction

1.1 Learning:

Learning process is the part of artificial intelligence programming that involves

Collection of data and creating rules for, how to read data into actionable form.

This refers to the term algorithm, which are steps that we follow to perform specific
tasks. This is the study of computer algorithm is the part of artificial algorithm, bases
on specific data called training data. So that, a machine can make decisions without
giving commands on specific timing to perform specific tasks which gives an idea that
the machine will figure out the problems by itself which is done by the help of
learning process.

1.2 Reasoning process.

As we know human intelligence will choose the right path in selection of two or more
different path to get, solve, or achieve a goal. Similarly in artificial intelligence
reasoning process involves, a machine to choose a right algorithm to ensure that they

provide the most possible accurate results. It is important in artificial intelligence as

we want the machine to things like human brain, which can also say that “Reasoning
is a way to infer facts from existing data”.

1.3 Self correction process.

As a human being we sometime make mistakes, then we try to correct them on the
basis of our thinking ability. Similarly, In AI write a program in such a way that it
gives us the best and accurate results. This means we want 100% output from the
machines or near to this.
 Advantages Of Artificial Intelligence

1. Advantages
Following are the advantages of artificial intelligence

1. More Precision with minimum errors:

The coding or programming of the Machines order in such a way that less error occur
at the working time. From this, we can and derive that main reasons for using
artificial technology is to get precise work. That is done by the last experience of
latest information.

2. More reliability:

reliability means “able to understand that we can trust on a machine that it will give
us its best output as we rely on it. like we drive a car, we trust on its reliability that if
we enable auto drive it will perform as good as it is programmed. Also we know that
it is able to perform same action again and again.

3. Useful in risky areas:

We know that life is very important sometimes and we are in a place or at a movement
where we need artificial things to perform work where risk of getting caught, risky
life. In today’s, drones are used to spy on your enemy to know their position strategy.
 Moreover artificial intelligence machine can be used for diffusing bomb, exploring
the ocean, its floor where human cannot reach, or employment of human life is at-
risk. In diffusing bombs, it somehow the bombs go of so that in this condition the
machine will be at risk not human life that is why in this condition artificial
intelligence-based machines are useful.

4. High Speed:
Artificial intelligence systems do work with higher accuracy and with high speed, they
are able to make good decisions in different challenges. Like, modern CPU can perform
fast working task. For example, a human, according to world record solved a Rubik's
cube in 3.47 second whereas the same task performed by a robot and it took 0.637 second
to solve this Rubik's Cube.

Disadvantages of artificial intelligence

Every technology, language or made things had some bad or defects likewise artificial
intelligence has also some disadvantages

1. No Feelings and Emotions:

As we know, humans have emotions and feelings in their life, as if we are studying,
playing, watching movies and more, it involves our interest in something we do it
with positive emotions, feelings of getting this task or work done in time. machine
having artificial intelligence are opposite, they don't have feelings about anything.
 Cannot make any kind of emotional attachment with human it may be sometime be
harmful to humans if proper maintenance is not done.

2. Lack of Imagination:
human intelligence gives humans chance to imagine think create. Artificial
intelligence is a positive that the machine can perform task which are written or
programmed to do. This means machine or robot can only for form data which are to
be given are commanded to perform it can't think of any new task from its own it can't
think or imagine for any process.

3. High cost
Projects that have major goals required time and people like ways to achieve high
performance or work from machine for processing is based on. Artificial intelligence
requires both the time and people who work for money also the cost of getting the
material, machinery, electricity etc., is very high in order to meet the current world
requirement. it also includes it software requirements.
4. Increase dependency on machine

with the new concept of artificial intelligence, we are basically referring to human
benefit and assistance. By doing this we mean that we are relying on machines to
do our task. People are getting more dependent on devices due to which they may
tend to lose working power, their mental health issues increases and they get lazy.

In 1900s people tend to be smart and shining. according to their health meaning
their health was good in condition. Nowadays, people just eat, sleep, relax and
wants the machines or robots to do their work. due to which, they are becoming
lazy and do not do proper exercise therefore they are becoming ill.
Features of artificial intelligence
1. Facial recognition

there are many features of artificial intelligence. facial recognition in one of them
which has a great impact on the new technology from this we can describe its
important there were many security leaks as a password which may access to a
device, may be Leaked but due to facial recognition we can register our face into a
device which will only allow the user that has register it face. For instance, if
someone knows your password but he will not be able to login if you have set facial
recognition, facial recognition will not allow him to login.

Facial recognition is also using in military areas. For example, if there is a sensitive
department then military uses facial recognition. Only selected persons are allowed to
enter in this department because when an unknown person try to enter, the face
reading camera detect unregistered face and shows error. This means that face
recognition feature is used where high security is needed.

2. AI and natural disasters

Artificial intelligence helps in many field like in businesses gaming and many verses
likewise we can use artificial intelligence technology to help us to protect the
resources that are going to happen in our future this could happen In near future. This
could happen by feeding previous data and information about earthquakes volcanic
eruptions and many other disaster it is with the help of artificial intelligence
Technology. scientist are able to study more than lac of previous , is to create a neural
network .

the working of this network tested about 50000 events and this testing for networks
result came out to be more precise as compared to traditional mechanism also scientist
are gathering information on the moving of tectonic plates( seismic information) that
are present under the earth. in order to predict sudden volcanic eruption scientist are
also get information about Ash particles that arise from lava.

These measures are taken by AI based programs.

3. Quantum computing.

There are many Complex Mathematical, Physics, Quantum theoretical problem that
take time and work to solve this problem, for this that’ we use supercomputers or
robots to help to solve such problem, who is working is based on artificial
intelligence.
 Main ly all the computing devices even working of washing machine is based on the
AI and it is a program like, if we want to give 3 or 2 spins in a single time for many
minutes. Similarly, we can solve quantum related theories by implementing some
information in its memory about such problems and how to solve.

4. Chat-bots

Chat-bots are type of software which allow user to chat with computer, which is based
on artificial intelligence.

For instance Google Voice Recorder or translator is based on the concept of AI. we
speak something and Google translate it and write it in corresponding language in
which we want to translate it similarly Google if we want to ask something from
Google , it answer to us ,this is based on AI concept .

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

“[Artificial intelligence] is going to change the world more than anything in the history
of mankind, more than electricity”.

The Digital Revolution has already changed the life of people, how they live, work,
communicate and think. This is only start of the revolution. From cars that is able to
drive by itself without any human movement, and take accessory actions by itself, to
voice activated homes and yachts. artificial intelligence has been making progress
rapidly and is not just work of imagination or concept from some movies or books.
Artificial intelligence will help to create a digital world like shown movies, “Tomorrow
land” and underwater cities, like we discussed about facial recognition. In future we
will be able by our face for instance withdrawal of money from ATM machine, opening
door without keys etc. also with the help of artificial intelligence computer we can also
play recorded message.
For instance, if you are not available at that movement and someone is trying to call us
for instance in today's if you are not available to answer a call then we can set a message
that "I am not available please leave me a message" after setting this feature when
someone calls less then automatically the coded program run this voice message. This
is also done by the idea of artificial intelligence similarly if you want to make an
appointment will get help of ritual assistant that will do our work for Artificial
Intelligence future advancement seems like a long way off but they will be here soon
then even we can think of.
REFERENCES

1) George F. Luger, "Artificial Intelligence Structures and

Strategies for Complex Problem Solving" , 6th Edition,
Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., MIT press, 2009. 2 Ivan
Bratko," Prolog Programming for Artificial Intelligence ",
4th Edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 2011.

2) Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, Artificial Intelligence:

A Modern Approach, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall,
2003

3) Nils J. Nilsson, Artificial Intelligence: A New Synthesis,

Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1998
 BIT
MESRA
ECE Lab Assignment
Semester – 2 (SP 2024)

Name: PRATEEK RAO

Branch:Chemical Engineering
Section: N
Roll No.: BTECH/10804/23
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