Unit Objectives

5
  alk about the
T
senses
 Understand a text

about the senses

and technology

The senses
 Talk about my sleep

habits
 Talk about food

 Write a for and

against essay

On Track Video
1 Watch the video about the 3 your turn  Try the ‘5-4-3-2-1’
‘5-4-3-2-1’ technique. What does technique. Then tell a partner. How
the technique help people do? many of the things were the same as
your partner’s?
2 Watch again. Copy and complete
each stage of the ‘5-4-3-2-1’ technique OK, for ‘things you can smell’,
I had hand cream and chewing
with a word from the video.
gum! What about you?
a five things you can … .
b four things you can … .
c three things you can … . 4 Mediation  Your group of friends
don’t understand English. Explain three
d two things you can … .
important details of the video to them
e one thing you can … .
in your language.

54 Source: Captain Tom Bunn, 2005, SOAR Fear of Flying Program www.fearofflying.com

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 Vocabulary Learning Objective Talk about the senses 5.1

Sense verbs and adjectives

DID YOU KNOW?
i Vocabulary presentation For years, scientists thought our fingerprints (the
1 5.01 Copy and complete the sentences with the
small lines on our fingers and thumbs) existed to help
us hold things. Recently, research has shown they
adjectives in the box. Listen and check. actually help make our sense of touch better.

colourful disgusting fresh hard rough salty

shiny smooth soft sour spicy sweet 2 5.02 Choose the correct words to complete the
travel journal. Listen and check.
TASTE
These pretzels taste salty. This curry tastes 1 ... .
My Asia Travel Journal
Some fruits, like the durian,
jackfruit, and rambutan, have
a 1 hard / sweet skin on the
outside, and 2 soft / salty
These sweets taste 2 ... . Lemons and limes taste 3 ... .
fruit on the inside. In Vietnam,
they call rambutans ‘chom
chom’, meaning ‘messy hair’,
because of their unusual skin!
On the inside, there is 3 shiny /
rough, white fruit.
FEEL
This wood feels 4 ... . This blanket feels 5 ... . These 4 fresh / spicy
flowers at the market in
Kunming, China, were very
5
colourful / smooth. They
6
felt / smelled amazing!

This sandpaper feels 6 ... . These stones feel 7 ... .

Mango sticky rice was my
favourite Thai dessert. I like
very 7 disgusting / sweet
food and I thought it
8
tasted / looked delicious.

LOOK
These balloons look 8 … . These beetles look 9 … .
3 Write down three or four foods and objects. Then
match them to the sense adjectives in exercise 1.

4 your turn  In pairs, play a guessing

game. Use your ideas from exercise 3.

SMELL They’re small and they taste salty.

Pretzels!
These flowers smell 10
... . This rubbish smells 11
... .
No. What else tastes salty?
Peanuts?
Yes!

i Vocabulary practice Complete all activities in your notebook. 55

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 Reading Learning Objective Understand a magazine article 5.2

A magazine article
1 5.03 What do the people in the article have in common? Read and listen to the article, and check.

Craig Lundberg lost his sight when

THE BRAIN: he was in his early twenties and, like

our sixth sense Weihenmayer, Lundberg has continued

to live an active life. Since losing
his sight, amazingly, he has run a
Humans have five senses: sight, marathon, completed a 550 km bike
hearing, smell, taste, and touch. ride and climbed Mount Kilimanjaro!
Interestingly, we get 80% of our Lundberg was one of the first people to
sensory information through try the BrainPort, and he was excited
our eyes. Living with impaired Erik Weihenmayer has been blind about how the device might improve
vision presents challenges, but since he was 14, but that hasn’t life for blind people. He was able to
happily, technology can help. stopped him becoming a climber. In identify objects, read words and walk
2001, he became the first (and only) without help when using the BrainPort.
blind person to climb Mount Everest!
Now, Erik climbs with a BrainPort
3 micro-processor unit device that helps him to ‘see’. The
BrainPort sends images from a video
camera, via a micro-processor, to a
pad on his tongue. Electrodes on this
pad form shapes. The tongue feels the
4 pad shapes, and then, incredibly, the brain
transforms the information into simple
pictures. With the help of his BrainPort,
2 electrodes Erik can walk, play ball games with his
1 camera children, and climb without assistance.

4 Are the statements true or false? Correct the false ones.

Reading strategy 1 We get about half our sensory information through our
Identifying a writer’s attitude sense of sight.
Identify how a writer feels about what they 2 Erik Weihenmayer was born blind.
write by looking for comment adverbs such
3 Erik was the first blind person to climb Mount Everest.
as obviously, unbelievably and amazingly.
4 Erik can climb without help thanks to his BrainPort.
5 Craig Lundberg lost his sight when he was 10.
2  Study the Reading strategy. Then find four 6 Craig thought the BrainPort might help blind people.
comment adverbs in the text. 7 Craig uses the BrainPort to write.

3 Read the article again. Then answer the

questions. Use the comment adverbs to help you. 5 your turn  In pairs, discuss the questions.

1 What does the writer think about the 1 Order the senses from most important to least
importance of sight for humans? important. Explain your reasons.
2 How does the writer feel about how I think … is the most important sense because ... .
technology can help?
3 What does the writer think about the way the 2 In what other ways do you think technology will
brain and the BrainPort work together? help us in the future?
4 How does the writer feel about Craig Perhaps technology will help us cure diseases.
Lundberg’s active life?

56 i Guided mediation

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 Grammar Learning Objective Use the present perfect with for and since 5.3

Present perfect: for and since 3 Match the sentence halves.

i Grammar animation 1 Has Alice lived in London for a ten years?

2 We haven’t lost a match since b six o’clock?
1 5.04 Read and listen to Grammar in context.
3 Have you been here since c two years.
Whose are the hearing aids?
4 Rudy has been at university for d you studied English?
Grammar in context 5 How long have e Lara played football?
Dr. Felix How long have you had your hearing aids? 6 How long has f I joined the team.
Carla I haven’t had them for long.
4 Copy and complete the sentences with for or since.
Dad I think she’s had them for about three
years. Is that right, Carla? They’ve lived in Amsterdam for ten years.
Carla Yes, I’ve used them since I was 17. 1 We’ve walked 12,000 steps every day … last
weekend.
2 I’ve had a headache … a few hours.
3 We’ve been at this school … we were 12.
4 Has she been here … 3:30?
5 You haven’t spoken to Simon … ages.
6 I’ve felt sick … I had breakfast.

5  Write questions with How long and the present

perfect. Write the answers with for or since.
you / live here?
I / live / here / I was three
Affirmative
I’ve used the hearing aids since I was 17.
How long have you lived here?
She’s had them for about three years. I’ve lived here since I was three.
Negative 1 you / study / English?
I haven’t had them for long.
I / study / it / eight years
Dr. Felix hasn’t seen Carla since she was 16. 2 we / be / in this class?
Questions we / be / in this class / 9:30
How long has Carla had her hearing aids? 3 your best friend / know / you?
How long have you had your hearing aids? my best friend / know / me / ten years
4 you / have / this English book?
I / have / it / the start of this year
STOP 5 you / be / a teenager?
Since = when an action started I / be / a teenager / 18 months
For = duration of an action or state
I’ve been here for 20 minutes.
I’ve been here since 10:30. 6 your turn  In pairs, ask and answer the
questions in exercise 5. Give answers that are
2 Study the table. Then look at the time expressions in true for you.
the box. Which time expressions are periods of time
and which are points in time? How long have you I’ve lived here for
lived here? seven years. How
48 hours a week ​last week ​three years ago about you?
three years ​a month ​13th October ​yesterday

Period of time – 48 hours a week i Grammar practice

Point in time – yesterday
Language summary SB p102  Grammar reference WB p62 Complete all activities in your notebook. 57

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 Vocabulary Learning Objective Talk about sleep habits 5.4

Sleep
i Vocabulary presentation

1 5.05 Read and listen to the quiz and check the meaning of the words in bold. What do they mean in your language?

z zz 1 I yawn as soon as someone else yawns.

T = 2 points F = 1 point

zz
z
2 I always feel sleepy after school.
T = 2 points F = 1 point
3 I hate getting up. I lie in bed for hours at the weekend.
How much do T = 2 points F = 1 point
you love sleep? 4 I fall asleep as soon as my head touches the pillow.
T = 2 points F = 1 point
5 I sometimes lie awake at night.
T = 1 point F = 2 points
6 I wake up early on Saturdays.
T = 1 point F = 2 points
7 I have dreams about flying!
T = 2 points F = 1 point

z z
z
8 After I have a nightmare, I’m
worried for a few minutes, but
then I just go back to sleep.
T = 2 points F = 1 point
14–16: You love sleep! Nothing will get you out of bed.
11–13: You like a good night’s sleep, but you can get out of bed when you need to.
KEY 8–10: You’re happier awake than asleep. That’s OK, but remember you need sleep to stay healthy.

2 Do the quiz. Are the sentences true or false for you? 6 5.07  Copy and complete the summary of the
podcast with the times in the box. Listen and check.
3  Add up your points. Look at the key, and compare
your results in pairs. Do you agree? 7 7 8:30 9:30 9 9½ 10 11 13

4 5.06 Listen to the podcast. What is the main idea? Until the age of 13, most people feel sleepy at around
a Secondary school hours don’t work well with
1
… p.m. After this age, people usually feel sleepy at
around 2 … p.m. or midnight. Teenagers need lots of
teenagers’ body clocks.
sleep – up to 3 … hours every night. If secondary school
b Teenagers’ poor sleep habits cause bad grades at starts at 4 … a.m., you need to get up at about 5 … a.m.
school. If you go to bed at midnight, that’s only 6 … hours’
c Teenagers should go to bed earlier. sleep in total. That’s why some secondary schools have
changed classes to start at 7 … or 8 … a.m.
5 5.06 Listen again. Are the statements true or false?
1 A ten-year-old should naturally feel sleepy at about
9 p.m. 7 your turn  Would you prefer school
to start later? Why / Why not?
2 Our body clocks stay the same as we get older.
3 Teachers say teenagers need to sleep between 9 and Yes, I’d prefer to have more
9.5 hours each night. time in bed in the morning!

58
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 Grammar Learning Objective Learn when to use the past simple and present perfect 5.5

Past simple or present perfect? 3 Copy and complete the conversations with the pairs of
i Grammar animation verbs in the box. Use the present perfect and the past
simple.
1 5.08 Read and listen to Grammar in context. Who
drive / ride earn / pay give / speak
is the person in the picture?
have / stay visit / go
Grammar in context ‘Have you ever had a sleepover at Amy’s?’
Liv Have you ever fallen asleep anywhere unusual? ‘Yes. I stayed at her house last Friday.’
Lou No, I’ve never done that, but my brother has 1 ‘… ever … any money?’
fallen asleep in some strange places! Last week, ‘Yes. My parents … me €10 for cleaning the car last
we went to the cinema, and he fell asleep weekend.’
during the film.
2 ‘… ever … a car?’
‘No, but I … a motorbike last summer.’
3 ‘… ever … a presentation to more than 100 people?’
‘Yes. I … about the environment to the whole school last
year.’
4 ‘… ever … the USA?’
‘No, I haven’t, but we … to Mexico on holiday a few
years ago.’

4  Write questions using the prompts below. Use the

present perfect with ever.
Tense Use Example swim / in the ocean
Past to say when My brother fell asleep at Have you ever swum in the ocean?
simple something happened the cinema last week. 1 sleep / in a tent
(exact time) 2 forget / something important for school
Present to talk generally Have you ever fallen 3 sell / something to a friend
perfect about past asleep anywhere
4 have / an argument with a friend
experiences when we unusual?
5 have / a dream about living in another country
don’t know/say the I’ve never done that. My
exact time brother has fallen asleep
in some strange places. 5 your turn  Ask and answer the
2 Study the table. Choose the correct past simple or
questions you wrote in exercise 4. Use short
answers in the present perfect: Yes, I have / No,
present perfect forms.
I haven’t. If there is more information, add a
1 We ’ve visited / visited Portugal lots of times. sentence in the past simple.
Our last visit has been / was two years ago.
Have you ever swum
2 I saw / ’ve seen that film before.
in the ocean?
I saw / ’ve seen it last month.
3 I ’ve had / had a nightmare last night. Yes, I have. I swam in the
Did you ever have / Have you ever had one? ocean in France last July.
4 Kevin: Did you ever go / Have you ever been to a
zoo? i Grammar practice
Elliot: No, I haven’t. There was / has been a school
trip to one last year, but I haven’t gone / didn’t go.

Language summary SB p102  Grammar reference WB p62 Complete all activities in your notebook. 59

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 Communication Learning Objective Understand a conversation

Listening: A conversation Speaking: Talk about food

1 5.09  Look at the list of foods. Which do you
think might make you feel sleepy? Which can keep you
awake? Listen and check.

bananas burgers cherries

crisps nuts pizza pretzels

Listening strategy
Identifying unknown words
Identify the meaning of unknown words by
thinking about the context and meaning of the
rest of the sentence.

2  Read the Listening strategy. Then read the extracts

from the conversation, and look at the bold words.
Choose the correct definitions. Why did you choose
these answers?
1 ‘I have a snack, brush and floss my teeth, then I get
into bed.’
a another way of saying brush your teeth
b another thing you do to your teeth to clean them
c a device you wear on your teeth
2 ‘She did some research and discovered that …’
a studied the facts about something 1 Watch part 1 of Alex’s video. Who is Alex with and
b changed her behaviour in certain ways what are they doing today?
c asked herself some important questions
3 ‘Burgers are tough for your body to digest, so your 2 Watch part 2 of the video. In your notebook,
system has to work hard …’ match the people to their dishes and the countries
a difficult   b easy  c impossible their dishes are from.

Alex crumble England

3 5.09 Listen again. Are the sentences true or false?
Ben curry France
1 Mayumi is having trouble sleeping at the moment.
Clara pavlova India
2 Mayumi sleeps with her light on.
Danni ratatouille New Zealand
3 Ife says brushing your teeth makes you sleep badly.
4 Eating burgers in the evening helps you fall asleep. 3 Watch part 3 of the video. Who wins the
5 Your body produces melatonin when it’s time to go competition?
to sleep.
4 Watch part 3 again and choose the correct option.
4 your turn  Discuss the questions in pairs. 1 The curry / ratatouille is served with rice.
1 What do you usually do, eat and drink before 2 The curry / ratatouille is vegetarian.
you go to bed? 3 The ratatouille was cooked in the oven / a pan.
2 Do you think these things make it easier or more 4 The crumble / pavlova is made with eggs and sugar.
difficult to sleep? Why? 5 The crumble / pavlova is served with ice cream.
6 Alex bought / made his dish.
i Listening extension
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 Learning Objective Talk about food 5.6

Speaking strategy
Global skills
Talking about food
Trying new types of food
Use these phrases to describe ingredients:
If you get the chance to try food from another country,
It's got … in it take it! Food is a great way to learn about other cultures,
It's made with … especially if you also learn how to cook it.
Use these phrases to describe ways of cooking:
You bake / cook it in the oven 6  Read Global skills then discuss the questions in pairs.
You boil / fry it in a (frying) pan
1 Which are your favourite foods from other countries?
You grill / cook it under the grill
2 Which foods from other countries would you like
Use these phrases to describe what comes with the
main dish: to try?
It's served with …
It comes with … 7  Work in pairs. Explain to your partner how to make a
simple dish. Use a dish you know, a dish from the video,
or one of the ideas in the box.
5 5.10 Copy and complete the dialogue with words
eggs on toast a hot chocolate drink
from the Speaking strategy. Listen and check.
pasta and a simple sauce
Padma Dinner time! I’ve made dhal.
Ross Dhal? What’s it 1 ... in it? 1 What is it made with?
Padma It’s a lentil dish, 2 ... with onions, garlic, and spices. 2 How is it cooked?
Ross How do you cook it? 3 What is it served with?
Padma First you 3 ... the lentils in a pan of water. Then you
... the onions, garlic and spices in a frying pan. LET’S SPEAK!
4

Then you add it all together.

Ross What does it 5 ... with? 8 In pairs, ask and answer questions about each
Padma It’s 6 ... with rice and salad. other’s dishes. Say what you think about the dish.
Ross Well, it smells delicious, Padma. Let’s eat! Follow this model.

My dish is called …
What’s it got in it? /
What’s it made with?
It’s got … in it /
It’s made with … How do you make it? /
How is it cooked?
You bake / boil /
cook / fry / grill …
in a (frying) pan /
in the oven /
under the grill. What does it come with?
/ What is it served with?
It comes with … /
It’s served with … … is(n’t) / are(n’t) my
favourite / I absolutely
love … / I can’t stand … /
I’m not keen on …
What do you
think of my dish?
It sounds … / I think it
probably (smells, looks,
tastes) …

i Real Talk: Active Learning Kit

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 Writing Learning Objective Write a for and against essay 5.7

A for and against essay 4  Read and complete the essay with expressions of
contrast from the Writing strategy.
1 Read the essay quickly. Does Alicia agree or disagree
with the statement in the essay? Most teenagers know that it is important to eat
healthily. 1… , not all of them choose to do so at
Essay task: Write a for and against essay on the school. Should school cafeterias only serve healthy
following statement: ‘Secondary school classes food to students?
should start after 10 a.m.’ 2
… , there are advantages to limiting school
Teenagers’ body clocks mean they need to sleep between cafeteria menus in this way. Students will have to
eat a balanced meal at lunchtime and this will help
about 12 a.m. and 9 a.m. However, most schools start
them to concentrate in afternoon lessons.
before 9 a.m. As a result, teenagers aren’t getting 3
… , perhaps it is unfair to force young people to eat
enough time in bed. Should secondary school classes
healthily. If there are only healthy options available,
start after 10 a.m.? some students might go without lunch, or eat only
On the one hand, if teenagers can sleep longer, they unhealthy snacks they buy or bring themselves.
won’t be tired and will find it easier to concentrate. This In conclusion, 4… it is good for schools to offer
could mean better grades and better health for young healthy food, I think it is also important to give
people. young people the choice of what they eat.
On the other hand, if school begins later, school staff will
need to start and finish work later. Parents might also
i Language practice
need to change their daily routines, especially if they
have children of different ages.
In conclusion, if teachers and parents are able Let ’s write!
to make the necessary changes, I think
secondary school classes should start 5 Think and plan.
later. Although it will be difficult for
Read the essay task. Then plan your essay. Draw a
some adults, it will benefit teenagers’
health and education. table like the one in exercise 2. Then complete it with
Alicia Harvey your ideas.

Essay task: Write a for and against essay on the

following statement: ‘Teenagers should study less
2 Read Alicia’s essay again. Copy and complete the table. and have more free time.’

The problem Teenagers are too tired. 6  Write your essay.

The cause of • Use your plan from exercise 5.
the problem • Use Alicia’s essay and the essay in exercise 4 as
The idea models.
For the idea • Use the expressions of contrast in the Writing
strategy.
Against the idea
On the one hand, it’s important for teenagers to get
Conclusion
Schools should start later. This will good grades …
benefit teenagers’ health and education. On the other hand, too much stress is bad for our
health …
Although studying is important, it’s not the only thing
Writing strategy that matters …
Expressions of contrast
Use these expressions of contrast to explain differences: 7 Check your writing.
although, however, on the one hand, on the other hand  expressions of contrast
 present perfect with for and since; present perfect
and past simple
3 Read the Writing strategy. Then find expressions of  sense verbs and adjectives; sleep words
contrast in Alicia’s essay.
62

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 Watch Learning Objective Watch a video about synaesthesia 5.8

Synaesthesia

Before you watch touch

taste
1  Look at the picture and answer the questions.

The sensory cortex is in the outer part of the brain. It deals with
the five senses. Which sense do you use when you experience ...
the aroma of a delicious meal? smell
1 the beautiful orange light of a sunset?
2 a bite of a sweet strawberry?
smell
3 the rough texture of a stone?
4 the sound of someone’s voice? hearing

2 Can you think of things that you experience with more than one sense?
sight (vision)

When I watch TV, I hear it and I see it. When it rains, I can feel it, see it, and smell it.

While you watch

3 Watch the video and choose the correct 5 Choose the correct answers. Watch the video
answer. and check.
Professor Spence wants to: 1 Professor Charles Spence is a businessman /
a advertise his synaesthesia business. psychologist.
b convince us that synaesthesia exists. 2 Scientists have known about synaesthesia for
c share his knowledge about synaesthesia. more than 2,000 / 200 years.
3 About 14% / 4% of people have got
4 Watch the video again and put the items in synaesthesia.
the order they appear.
4 With synaesthesia, there’s a connection /
a Examples of synaesthesia no connection between areas of the sensory
b Using all of the senses in the perception of food cortex.
c Meeting Professor Charles Spence 1 5 Professor Spence is helping food companies /
d Using the research to help the food business researchers to understand how people
e How the sensory cortex processes senses experience products with their senses.

After you watch

6 Mediation  Go online and find out more 7  In groups, share your sentences. What was the
about synaesthesia. Write three sentences about most surprising fact?
information that you found interesting.
i Video extension

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