Design of Square / Rectangular Footing

INPUT DATA FOOTING NUMBER

Safe bearing Capacity 400 KN/m2 Axial Load (Service)
Assume self wt.ofFooting,10 % of Axial Load
81 KN Gross Weight Tranfered to soil
Size of Column,D 450 mm 0.45
Size of Column,b 230 mm 0.23
Grade of Concrete,Fck 25 N/mm2 Grade of Rebar,Fy
Covering, dc 50 mm Assumed Dia. of bar ,db
Area of Footing Required, Af 2.2275 m2
Lrequired 1.6065 Brequired
Final Size of Footing,L 1.60 m 1600
Final Size of Footing,B 1.4 m 1400
Provided Area of Footing 2.24 m2 Upword Soil Pressure, qo =
Upword Soil Pressure < SBC , Hence OK
Depth of Footing For Flexure
Moment about Bf-Bf axis, Mux 143.47 KN Moment about Lf-Lf axis,Muy
Maximum Moment Among both axis,Mmax 143.47 KN Depth required for flexure,drequired
Over all Depth, D 500 mm
dxprovided 445.00 mm dyprovided
dprovided 0.445 m dyprovided
Design for Flexural Reinforcement
Ast Minimum Dia. of Bar Sapcing
Direction Ast required (mm2) (mm2) (mm) Required

X-Direction 757.64 960.0 10 130.9

Y-Direction 703.27 840.0 10 130.9

Ast Finally Provided 966.64615385 mm2 Pt Finally Provided (%)

1- Way Shear (Critical Section at a distance of d from face of Columns)

As per IS 456-2000, P-73, Table:19 Or Reff. Reinforced Concrete Design (Devdass Menon+Pillai) Chap. Design For Shear, pg.

𝜏𝑐=0.85 √((0.8 𝑓𝑐𝑘) ) (√(1+5)

β−1) / (6β)
Where, β = (0.8 fck ) / (6.89 Pt ) or 1 whichever is grater Therefore, β
Ʈc= 0.26 MPa
Shear Force at Critical Section, Vux 121.5 KN
Ʈv = 0.1706460674 N/mm2

Provided Depth is Safe For One Way Shear

2-Way Shear OR Punching Shear (Critical Section at a distance of d/2 from face of Columns)
Shear Force on Shaded Area, Vu 890.97739955 KN Perimeter length of Shear Area,b' =

𝜏𝑣=𝑉𝑢/(( 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑥

Nominal Shear at Considerd Section,

𝐸𝑓𝑓𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑝𝑡ℎ))
0.642 MPa

IS 456-2000, Pg.No.58, Cl.31.6.3, Shear Stress @ Critical Section, = Ʈc x KS

KS = 0.5 + β c = 1.01 OR KS =
Ʈc = 0.25 x Sqrt. Fck = 1.250 Shear Stress @ Critical Section, =

Provided Depth is Safe For Two Way Shear

Footing Design Out Put

No. Size of footing Reinforcement along width
Df (mm) (Bf )
FC3 Bf (mm) Lf (mm)
1400 1600 500 10T @ 130 mm
gular Footing
BER FC3
ial Load (Service) 810 KN

oss Weight Tranfered to soil 891 KN

m
m
ade of Rebar,Fy 500 N/mm2
sumed Dia. of bar ,db 10 mm

1.3865
mm Cyy(m) = 0.575
mm Cxx(m) = 0.585
word Soil Pressure, qo = 361.61 KN/m2
C , Hence OK

oment about Lf-Lf axis,Muy 129.94 KN

pth required for flexure,drequired 166.4 mm

dyprovided 435 mm
dyprovided 0.435 m

Sapcing Provided Steel Provided

130 10T @ 130 mm

130 10T @ 130 mm

Finally Provided (%) 0.1208308 (%)

ass Menon+Pillai) Chap. Design For Shear, pg.238

(√(1+5)
24.02

Vuy 98.71875 KN

or One Way Shear

m face of Columns)
rimeter length of Shear Area,b' = 3120 mm

Where, βc = 0.511
KS = 1
Shear Stress @ Critical Section, = 1.250 N/mm2

or Two Way Shear

n Out Put
inforcement along width Reinforcement along width
(Bf ) (Lf )
10T @ 130 mm 10T @ 130 mm
 d Section for Punching Shear

d/2
d/2 d/2
b=230
Y a= 450
d/2
d

Section for One way Shear

Y B= 1400 mm
 Design of Rectangular Column
Axial Load, P= 513.33 KN Major Axis, Mux = 110 KN-m Minor Axis, Mu
Grade of Cocrete, M 25 MPa Grade of Steel, Fe
Size of Column,a 600 mm Size of Column,b 300 mm Clear Cover, CC
Safe Bearing Capacity, SBC = 200 KN/m2 Assume 10 % self wieght of footing, Ws =
Gross Axial Force on Column,G = P + Ws = 564.66 KN Area of footing required,Af = G/SBC
Assumed diameter of bar to be used, d b = 12 mm
Note: While deciding the size of footing the following points are required to keep in mind
1. For rectangular column, footing should also be rectangual
2. The dimension of footing should be arranged such that the projection on the either side of the column face should be sa
Let us take L/B = 3/2, Therefore, L = 3B/2 Area of Footing, Af = L x B = L x 2L/3
Length of footing L = Sqrt.(3 Af / 2) = 2.0579 m Width of footing, B = 2 L /3 =
𝑍𝑥=(𝐵 𝐿2)/6 𝑍𝑦=(𝐿 𝐵2)/6 𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥=𝑃/𝐴+𝑀𝑥/ 𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀
𝑍𝑥+𝑀𝑦/𝑍𝑦 𝑍𝑥−𝑀𝑦/𝑍𝑦
Length Width B Area Zx Zy
L(m) (m) A (m2) (m3) (m3)
P /A Mx/Zx My/Zy Pmax Pmin Che
2.4 2.1 5.04 2.016 1.764 101.85 54.563 28.344671 184.759 18.94 Pmax<SBC OK

0.9

0.6
0.9 0.3 0.9

0.9

0.9 1.5

47.29
115.49 KN/m2
156 KN/m2
0.9 0.9

115.49
KN/m2

156.415 KN/m2 130.196 KN/m2

(a) For Moment Mx (b) For Moment My

Moment about X axis, Mx = Area of trapezoidal x Width of footing = 121.4 KN-m

Moment about Y axis, My = Area of trapezoidal x Width of footing = 118.7 KN-m
To find depth required for flexure choose maximum moment among M ux and Muy, therefore

Depth required for flexure

𝑑𝑟𝑒𝑞=√(𝑀𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥/ Let us choose over all depth of footing, i.
(𝑅𝑥 𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑥 𝐵 )) = 158.56 mm
D = 500 mm

Avg depth, (dx+dy)/2

Note: As the depth of the footings are generally governed by the shear checks, hence need to choose some high
depth reuired for flexure
Reinforcement Along Long Side, Mux = 182.1 KN-m
𝐴𝑠𝑡=(0.5 𝑥 𝑓𝑐𝑘" " )/𝑓𝑦
(1−√(1−4.6𝑥𝑀𝑢𝑥/(𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑥 𝐵 𝑥 𝑑2𝑥))) B x dx 𝐴𝑠𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
0.12/(100 ) B x D
= 1160.8 mm2

Reinforcement Along Short Side, Muy = 178.0 KN-m

𝐴𝑠𝑡=(0.5 𝑥 𝑓𝑐𝑘" " )/𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 =
(1−√(1−4.6𝑥𝑀𝑢𝑦/(𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝑥 𝐿 𝑥 𝑑2𝑦))) L x dy
0.12/(100 ) L x D
= 1163.6 mm2

Required no. Provided no.

Direction of reinforcement Ast required (mm2) Dia. of Bar (mm) of bars (N) of bars (N)

Reinforcement Along Long Side (L) 1260.00 12 11.14081996 13

Reinforcement Along Short Side (B) 1440.00 12 12.73236567 15

13 - # 12mm OR # 12mm @150mm c/c B 15 - # 12mm OR # 1

Check For Shear

Note: As the footing is rectangular footing, hence need to check the shear in both the direction.

1. Check for One-Way Shear:

The critical section will be taken at a distance of d from the face of support.

(A) Along Longer Direction

Pressure at critical section, Pc = 135.68 KN/m2
Shear Force at critical section, V = 129.93 KN
Ultimate shear @ Critical Sec. , V u = 194.89 KN B= 2.1
Nominal shear @ Critical Sec. , Ʈv = 0.2090 N/mm2
Percentage of Steel Provided, Pt = 0.1508

𝜏𝑐=0.85 √((0.8 𝑓𝑐𝑘) ) (√(1+5)

0.9

β−1) / (6β)
0.456
Where, β = (0.8 fck ) / (6.89 Pt ) or 1 whichever is grater
Therefore, β = 19.249 OR 1
Therefore, Ʈc = 0.2917 MPa Pc =

Safe in One-Way Shear

156.41
KN/m2

(B) Along Short Direction

Pressure at critical section, Pc = 117.56 KN/m2
Shear Force at critical section, V = 132.05 KN 0.9
Ultimate shear @ Critical Sec. , V u = 198.07 KN
Nominal shear @ Critical Sec. , Ʈv = 0.1910 N/mm2 L= 2.4
Percentage of Steel Provided, Pt = 0.1508 (%)

𝜏𝑐=0.85 √((0.8 𝑓𝑐𝑘) ) (√(1+5)

Where, β−1)
β = (0.8 fck/)(6β)
/ (6.89 Pt ) or 1 whichever is grater
Therefore, β = 19.249 OR 1
Therefore, Ʈc = 0.2917 MPa

Safe in One-Way Shear

0.47
(B) Check for Two-way Shear: The critical section will be taken at a distance
of d/2 from the face of column. Where d will be used as avg effective depth i.e d avg
davg = 438 mm Pc=

A 130.20
KN/m2
davg/2
davg/2
1 0.738 0.219 0.6 0.9 B= 2.1
davg/2
davg/2

2.4 m

0.681 1.719

2
 2
Pc = 125.45 KN/m2
47.29 KN/m2

156.41
KN/m2

Shear Force at Critical Section, V = Area of trapezoidal (1) * Area of trapezoidal (2)
Shear Force at Critical Section, V = 92.744 KN
Factored Value, Vu = 139.116 KN
Nominal Shear, Ʈv = Vu / bAB x d = 0.43037587627 N/mm2

𝜏^′ 𝑐=𝑘𝑠 x 𝜏c 𝑘𝑠=0.5+β𝑐 𝛽𝑐=b/a 𝜏𝑐=0.25√𝑓𝑐

Permissible shear stress at critical section, As per IS 456-2000, Cl.31.6.3

Ʈc = 1.25 Mpa β = 0.5 Ks = 1 OR 1

Permissible Shear Stress, Ʈ'c = 1.25 Mpa Safe in One-Way Shear
 Minor Axis, Muy= 50 KN-m
Fe 415 MPa
ar Cover, CC 50 mm
ting, Ws = 51.333 KN
uired,Af = G/SBC 2.8233 m2

column face should be same.

L x 2L/3
B = 2 L /3 = 1.3719365875 m
𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛=𝑃/𝐴−𝑀𝑥/
𝑍𝑥−𝑀𝑦/𝑍𝑦

Check
Pmax<SBC OK Pmin>0 OK

73.51 KN/m2

105.9
KN/m2

130.2
KN/m2

KN/m2

0.9

105.9

Mux = 182.1 KN-m

 Muy = 178.0 KN-m
re Mumax= 182.1 KN-m

r all depth of footing, i.e.

dx 444 mm
dy 432 mm
davg 438 mm
d to choose some higher value above to the

=
/(100 ) B x D
𝑖𝑛
= 1260 mm2

𝑖𝑛 =
2/(100 ) L x D
= 1440 mm2

Ast provided
(mm2) Spacing of
P (%)
reinfocement t

1470.2688 150 0.151

1696.464 150 0.151

15 - # 12mm OR # 12mm @150mm c/c

rection.

upport.
L=2.4

dx
 1.944

135.68
KN/m2 47.29
KN/m2

0.3
dy
0.6 0.9

0.432

0.9

1.632

117.6 KN/m2
73.51
KN/m2
130.20
KN/m2
 𝜏𝑐=0.25√𝑓𝑐𝑘
Which ever is less
e-Way Shear