Yabelo Ifa Boru Bording Secondary School Grade 12 Biology Unit One (Application

of Biology)

Work sheet
I Choose the best answer from a given alternative
1. What is the primary focus of biological science?
A. Understanding chemical processes
B. Studying all living beings
C. Analyzing physical phenomena
D. Exploring the cosmos
2. What role does biology play in food security?
A. It restricts access to food.
B. It focuses on food distribution only.
C. It reduces food production.
D. It develops high-nutrient crops.
3. Which of the following is a renewable natural resource?
A. Oil
B. Coal
C. Energy
D. Gold
4. What is primarily concern of biology in conservation of natural resource?
A. The study of extinct species
B. The restoration of ecosystems
C. The protection of biodiversity
D. The development of new species
5. Which of the following is a non-renewable resource?
A. Timber
B. Water
C. Natural gas
D. Wind
6. Which of the following is NOT a focus of nutrition security?
A. Access to nutritious food
B. Availability of food
C. Food marketing strategies
D. Safe drinking water
7. What is a primary consequence of prolonged undernourishment?
A. Increased physical development
B. Enhanced cognitive function
C. Reduce cognitive development.
D. Improved immune response
8. Which of the following microorganism is crucial in the production of penicillin?
A. Streptomyces
B. Escherichia coli
C. Lactobacillus
D. Saccharomyces
9. What is the role of electro-biochemical biosensors in biotechnology?
A. To cultivate new crops
B. To detect specific chemical substances
 C. To produce antibiotics
D. To generate electricity

10. Which organism is commonly used in bread making for fermentation?

A. Lactobacillus
B. Streptococcus
C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D. Escherichia coli
11. How do antibiotics used to control bacterial infection?
A. By enhancing bacterial growth
B. By disrupting bacterial cell walls
C. By promoting bacterial reproduction
D. By increasing nutrient absorption
12. Which of the following is NOT a method of food fermentation?
A. Beer production
B. Dairy product creation
C. Oil production
D. Meat preservation
13. What is the main purpose of conserving natural resource?
A. To promote urban development
B. To exploit natural habitats
C. To eliminate biodiversity
D. To protect and preserve natural resources
14. Which process is used to produce single-celled proteins (SCP)?
A. Photosynthesis
B. Fermentation
C. Pollination
D. Respiration
15. Which of the following is NOT an example of a fermented dairy product?
A. Butter
B. Yogurt
C. Cheese
D. Bread
16. What does biotechnology aim to achieve in agriculture?
A. Develop crops that require less water
B. Increase dependency on chemical fertilizers
C. Promote monoculture practices
D. Eliminate pest resistance
17. How does tissue culture aid in plant production?
A. By increasing genetic variability
B. By producing uniform plants quickly
C. By reducing disease resistance
D. By promoting natural reproduction
Answer: B
18. What type of microorganism is commonly used in wine production?
A. Lactobacillus
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C. Streptococcus
D. Penicillium
19. How does biotechnology address food safety?
A. By promoting chemical preservatives
B. By ensuring consistency in food quality
C. By ignoring genetic modifications
D. By increasing food waste
20. Which of the following is NOT a function of microorganisms in food production?
A. Spoilage
B. Fermentation
C. Preservation
D. Flavor enhancement
21. What is the significance of plant tissue culture?
A. It reduces crop variety.
B. It enables rapid propagation of disease-free plants.
C. It limits genetic engineering.
D. It requires extensive land use.
22. What type of fermentation is involved in yogurt production?
A. Alcoholic fermentation
B. Anaerobic fermentation
C. Acetic acid fermentation
D. Lactic acid fermentation
23. What is one key factor in ensuring food security?
A. Increased food prices
B. Limited access to resources
C. Economic access to nutritious food
D. Reduced agricultural productivity
24. Which organisms are primarily responsible for the decomposition process in
composting?
A. Insects
B. Fungi and bacteria
C. Larger mammals
D. Algae
25. Which of the following is a disadvantage of landfilling solid waste?
A. Provides space for waste
B. Can lead to groundwater contamination
C. Generates compost
D. Reduces waste volume
26. Which process involves the use of microbial oxidation to reduce BOD?
A. Activated sludge process
B. Chemical treatment
C. Filtration
D. Incineration
27. What is the main purpose of chlorination in wastewater treatment?
A. To reduce BOD
B. To remove pathogens
C. To eliminate odors
D. To enhance nutrient levels
28. What is the primary role of saprophytic microbes in bioremediation?
A. To produce toxins
B. To degrade environmental pollutants
C. To inhibit microbial growth
D. To enhance soil fertility
29. How do genetically engineered bacteria assist in bioremediation?
A. They increase the toxicity of pollutants
B. They metabolically convert toxic substances into harmless compounds
C. They produce excess biomass
D. They slow down degradation processes
30. What is a potential result of biotransformation without degradation?
A. Reduction in toxicity of heavy metals
B. Complete breakdown of pollutants
C. Accumulation of harmful compounds
D. Increased complexity of pollutants
31. Which microorganism is commonly used to ferment sugars into ethanol?
A. E. coli
B. Clostridium acetobutylicum
C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D. Bacillus subtilis
32. What is the role of crop residues in biofuel production?
A. They reduce soil fertility
B. They serve as a substrate to increase biofuel yield
C. They introduce toxins into the soil
D. They are not useful
33. Which genetically engineered organism is capable of fermenting multiple sugars
simultaneously?
A. Zymomonas mobilis
B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
C. E. coli
D. Rhizobium
34. What is a major challenge in breaking down cellulose and hemicellulose without
using microorganism for biofuel production?
A. Lack of microorganisms
B. Expensive and corrosive methods
C. Inability to ferment sugars
D. Excessive moisture content
35. Which group of microorganisms is primarily responsible for converting acetic acid
into methane?
A. Hydrolytic bacteria
B. Fermentative bacteria
C. Methanogenic archaea
D. Acetic acid bacteria
36. What is a significant advantage of biogas?
A. High toxicity
B. Expensive to produce
C. Renewable energy source
D. Requires complex process
37. Which microorganism is known for breaking down complex organic materials in
biogas production?
A. Methanococcus
B. Clostridium
C. Lactobacillus
D. Saccharomyces
38. Which of the following conditions is essential for effective composting?
A. High moisture content
B. Free access to air
 C. Absence of microorganisms
D. Low temperatures
39. What is a key benefit of using compost in agriculture?
A. It reduces soil nutrients
B. It can introduce pathogens
C. It improves soil structure and fertility
D. It is expensive to produce
40. Which organism is commonly used for enzyme production in industrial
fermentation?
A. Escherichia coli
B. Aspergillus
C. Bacillus anthracis
D. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
41. What is the function of protease in biological washing powders?
A. To digest proteins and remove stains
B. To enhance flavor in food
C. To break down fats
D. To clarify juices
42. What type of enzyme is used to clarify fruit juices?
A. Amylase
B. Lipase
C. Pectinase
D. protease
43. Which bacterium is widely used as a biopesticide?
A. Escherichia coli
B. Bacillus thuringiensis
C. Streptococcus pneumonia
D. Clostridium perfringens
44. What is environmental challenge related with of genetically modified crops?
A. Better pest control
B. Increased food yield
C. Producing evolutionary pesticide resistant insect
D. Higher nutrient content
45. Which one of the following is not role of biologist in food security?
A. Producing high-nutrient staple crops
B. Developing new products that can combat malnutrition
C. Taking measure on who are barrier to access food of high quality.
D. Design the manufacturing processes and machinery used to produce food and
drink
46. Which genetically modified crop is known for its resistance to the corn borer?
A. Soybean
B. Cotton
C. Maize
D. Wheat
47. What is cloning in the context of genetics?
A. Mixing genetic material from different species
B. Producing identical copies of genes, cells, or organisms
C. The natural reproduction of organisms
D. Altering DNA sequences
48. What are biological weapons?
A. Natural fertilizers
B. Agents used in agriculture
 C. Microorganisms or toxins used to cause harm
D. Techniques to enhance crop yield
49. In composting, what is the role of aeration?
A. Increases moisture content
B. Provides oxygen for microbial activity
C. Reduces temperature
D. Decreases nutrient availability
50. What is the environmental benefit of using biofuels over fossil fuels?
A. Higher carbon emissions
B. Depletion of natural resources
C. Increased land degradation
D. Renewable and lower greenhouse gas impact