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Electromyography (EMG)

Electro Myogram

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shafeeque rahman
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82 views

Electromyography (EMG)

Electro Myogram

Uploaded by

shafeeque rahman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Electromyography (EMG)

Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic technique used to record the electrical activity


produced by muscles. It helps in determining whether a muscle is contracting or relaxing and
provides insights into the health of muscles and the nerves that control them. EMG is
commonly used to diagnose neuromuscular disorders, nerve lesions, and other muscular
diseases.

Types of EMG Electrodes

1. Surface Electrodes:

o These are adhesive or reusable electrodes placed on the skin over the muscle.
o Surface electrodes are non-invasive and pick up the electrical signals from
muscle fibers during contraction.

o Commonly used in general EMG studies and applications like myoelectric


control of prosthetics.

2. Needle Electrodes:

o Needle electrodes are inserted directly into the muscle tissue to record activity
from individual muscle fibers.

o They are used for more detailed analysis of muscle function and for detecting
deep muscle activity.

o Useful in diagnosing specific muscle or nerve disorders.

Functionality and Applications

 Muscle Activity Measurement: EMG helps assess whether muscles are properly
responding to nerve signals, showing the presence of spontaneous activity, or reacting
to voluntary contraction.

 Myoelectric Control of Prosthetics: In prosthetic limbs, EMG signals from the


residual limb muscles are used to control artificial arms or legs.

 Diagnostic Use: EMG is vital for detecting conditions such as nerve damage, muscle
dystrophy, or other neuromuscular dysfunctions.

Key Features of Modern EMG Systems

 Digital Signal Processing: EMG machines now use advanced digital technology for
accurate signal acquisition and analysis.

 Sampling and Amplification: Signals are sampled at rates like 5 kHz and amplified
with preamplifiers and differential amplifiers.

 Wireless Capabilities: Modern EMG systems allow wireless data transmission from
electrodes to computers, enabling better mobility and ease of use.

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