International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)

ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2020): 7.803

7-Segment based Health Monitoring System

1
Aarya Rathod, 2Aditi Sharma, 3Adivya Raj Nair, 4Jasleen Kaur Minhas
Lakshmi Narain College of Technology
Kalchuri Nagar, Bhopal 462022, INDIA
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

Abstract: The project introduces a health monitoring system Its versatility finds application in a myriad of electronic
that uses Arduino technology and leverages the Internet of devices, including microwave ovens, calculators, washing
Things (IoT). This system aims to measure key health machines, radios, and digital clocks, where it proficiently
parameters like heart rate, blood oxygen level, and body communicates numeric information. To gain a deeper
temperature. IoT enables smart devices to connect to the comprehension, let's delve into the pinout configuration of
internet seamlessly. In health monitoring, IoT encourages the the seven-segment display.
development of systems using sensors worn either inside or
outside the body. These sensors collect physical and logical 2. Literature Review
data, as well as patient movements, offering comprehensive
insights into health conditions. The system integrates sensors 2.1 7-Segment Display Pinout:
such as LM35 and Pulse Oximeter & Heart Rate Sensor,
connected to an Arduino UNO board and ESP8266 for
wireless data transmission to Thing Speak. This setup allows
continuous monitoring and recording of health parameters,
promoting proactive health management. Additionally, the
system employs a 7-segment display to indicate the number
of drug tablets and the type of vitamin in a tablet-bottling
assembly line. Logic expressions, circuitry, and VHDL code
are used to display the tablet count (0 – 9) and the
corresponding vitamin type (Vitamin A, B, C, D, E) via a
BBC micro bit microcontroller. This feature provides visual
cues for the production stage/phase, with potential Fig 2.1.1 7-Segment Display Pinout
applications in various industrial settings. Overall, the
A seven-segment display is made of seven different illuminating
proposed health monitoring system offers a promising segments. These are arranged in a way to form numbers and
solution for personalized and real-time health monitoring, characters by displaying different combinations of segments.
promoting proactive healthcare management while
enhancing industrial monitoring capabilities. The binary information is displayed using these seven segments.
Keywords: IOT, Health Monitoring, Heart Rate, Body LED is a P-N junction diode that emits energy in the form of light,
Temperature, ARDUINO, Thing Speak different from a standard P-N junction diode which emits in the
form of heat.
1. Introduction
Whereas LCD uses liquid crystal properties for displaying and does
IoT-based patient health monitoring systems encompass not emit light directly. These LEDs or LCDs are used to display the
medical devices with internet connectivity capable of required numeral or alphabet.
measuring various health parameters, including heartbeat,
body temperature, blood pressure, ECG, and activity levels. 2.2 7-Segment Display Types:
These devices record, transmit, and can alert healthcare
providers in the event of sudden changes in a patient's health. There are basically 2 types of seven-segment LED displays:
One common method involves directly connecting the
device's digital output to a microcontroller to measure the
Beats per Minute (BPM) rate. This measurement relies on
the principle of light modulation caused by blood flow
through the finger with each pulse. Patient pulse rate and
temperature data can then be monitored and recorded using
platforms like Thing Speak, enabling remote access to the
patient's medical history from anywhere in the world via the
internet.
The 7-segment display stands as a quintessential component
in electronic display devices, serving to showcase decimal Fig 2.2.1 Common Anode and Common Cathode 7 Segment
numbers from 0 to 9 and occasionally basic characters. LED Display
Initially illuminated by light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the 7-
segment display gained widespread popularity. However, 2.2.1 Common Anode 7 Segment Display:
All the Negative terminals (Anode) of all the 8 LEDs are connected
more recently, liquid crystal displays (LCD) have also
together. All the positive terminals are left alone.
emerged as a viable alternative.

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 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2020): 7.803
2.2.2 Common Cathode 7 Segment Display:
All the positive terminals (Cathode) of all the 8 LEDs are connected Below we are interfacing a 7-segment display to Arduino UNO for
together. All the negative thermals are left alone. reference.
2.4 Seven-Segment Display Circuit with Arduino:
2.3 Seven-Segment Display Working:

Seven-segment devices are generally made up of LEDs. These

LEDs will glow when they are forward-biased. The intensity of the
LEDs depends on the forward current. So, a sufficient forward
current has to be provided to these LEDs to glow with full intensity.
This is provided by the driver and is applied to the seven segments.

2.3.1 7-Segment Display Codes:

The below table shows the 0-9 codes for the seven-segment LED
display.
Table 2.3.1: Display numbers on a 7-segment display in
common anode configuration
Number gfedcba Hex code

0 1000000 C0

1 1111001 F9

2 0100100 A4 2.5 Seven-Segment Display-based Projects:

Seven segment displays are made up of LEDs combined such that
3 0110000 B0 they can be used to display numbers and letters. As their name
implies, they are made of seven LEDs plus an additional LED for a
4 0011001 99 dot. Led dot matrix displays, on the other hand, are made up of
LEDs in a square matrix form to give an indication of a letter,
5 0010010 92 number or symbol. Seven segment displays can be in form of
common anode or common cathode.
6 0000010 82
They can also be in form of single digit or multi digit seven
segment displays. Seven-segment displays are used in many types
7 1111000 F8 of everyday products, for example, in a tablet-bottling system, to
give an indication of measurement types such as temperature or a
8 0000000 80 reading on calculator or meters. The 7-segment display for the
bottling system is controlled by logic circuits which encodes a
9 0010000 90 decimal number in binary form consequently activating suitable
LEDs of the display. 7-segment displays cannot only indicate
numbers (0 to 9), they can also display some alphabets.
Table 2.3.2: Display numbers on a 7-segment display in
common cathode configuration The application of 7-segment display in this paper is to give a visual
Number gfedcba Hex Code indication of the number of tablets in a drug bottling assembly line
as well as give a visual indication of the Vitamin type being
0 0111111 3F assembled. The digital drug tablet-bottling assembly line works by
grouping and assembling a particular Vitamin tablet in a bottle
1 0000110 06 along a production line after these tablets have been manufactured.
In this paper, we design a digital system to indicate the alphabets
(A, b, C, d, and E) which is used to categorise the kind of vitamin
2 1011011 5B
tablet that is assembled in a drug bottling production line. The
design of numbers 0 – 9 using a single digit 7-segment display is
3 1001111 4F
also developed to give an indication of the number of tablets in the
bottle. In this paper, the decoding logic for indicating A, B, C, D,
4 1100110 66
and E letters is presented in detail.
5 1101101 6D

6 1111101 7D

7 0000111 07

8 1111111 7F

9 1001111 4F
Fig 2.5.1
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 International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)
ISSN: 2319-7064
SJIF (2020): 7.803
o IOT may be potentially life changing for patients
whose health data such as heartbeat, body
temperature, blood pressure, ECG requires attention
in regular intervals of time. Their data can be
constantly monitored using IoT-driven, noninvasive
sensor. It is an efficient and time saving solution that
may also provide real-time records as well as
previous health records to healthcare service
providers using cloud technology. - IoT for
Healthcare by B. Sobhan Babu, K. Srikanth, T.
Ramanjaneyulu, I. Lakshmi Narayana
(ResearchGate)
o An IoT enabled pulse rate monitoring system is
formed to help improve healthcare. The device is
controlled by a Raspberry Pi and employs a simple
pulse sensor. The device mainly consists of MCP
3008 Analog-Digital Converter (ADC), a simple
pulse sensor, Raspberry Pi Zero W Case. The
processing layer contains Thing Speak and a mobile
device may be used as the application layer for
displaying results. It is then compared with the
Fig 2.5.2 fingertip pulse oximeters that are commercially
available. Tests were conducted on fifty healthy
2.6 IOT based health monitoring system capable of individuals, ages 25 to 40, to see how well the device
monitoring blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen level, and would function. With a 93% overall accuracy
temperature of a person: guarantee, it produced an error rate of about 5 BPM.
- NEUROQUANTOLOGY | MAY 2022 | VOLUME
2.6.1 Main components used: 20 | ISSUE 5 | PAGE 5056-5066| DOI:
10.14704/NQ.2022.20.5. NQ22781 DR. NOOKALA
Oximeter, LCD Display, Arduino UNO
VENU/ INTERNET OF THINGS BASED PULSE
16x2 Character LCD – This device that can show 16 characters in OXIMETER FOR HEALTH MONITORING
each of its two rows, hence giving a total of 32 characters of SYSTEM.
information. LCD stands for Liquid Crystal Display. It is used to o A remote health monitoring system using IoT is
display alphanumeric values like status information, sensor proposed where sensors are placed on the human
readings, and more in various devices. body to sense the body temperature and heartbeat. To
monitor the environmental temperature and humidity
Pulse oximeter - The MAX30100 is an integrated pulse oximetry in the patient's room at home, two additional sensors
and heartrate monitor sensor module. It combines two LEDs, a are installed. A control unit then evaluates the values
photodetector, optimized optics, and low-noise analog signal of these sensors. The patient’s health records are
processing to detect pulse rate and heart-rate signals. stored in servers utilizing Wi-Fi Module based
remote correspondence. Authorized personnel can
2.6.2 Result:
access these records and based on the values
 IoT makes health monitoring systems more flexible and received, the patient may be diagnosed by the
more updatable in future. doctors from a distance. This health monitoring
system uses IOT to become a remote yet reliable
3. References solutions in the medical field. - IOT BASED
o Vaneeta Bhardwaj et.al. monitored a person's blood HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM
pressure, heart rate, oxygen level and temperature for DOI:10.31838/jcr.07.04.137 by Prajoona Valsalan.
diagnosis and treatment - IoT‑Based Smart Health o In conclusion, the potential of IoT-based health
Monitoring System for COVID‑19, SN Computer monitoring systems is bound to revolutionize
Science (2022) 3:137 healthcare. By providing remote monitoring
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-022-01015-1 capabilities, efficient detections and prevention of
o Hamizah Anuar et.al. discussed the development of health-related problems, these systems improve and
wearable Core Body Temperature sensor device. enhance the quality of healthcare.
Conducted experiments with the sensor on the
different parts of the body. When the sensor was
placed on the forehead, a difference of
approximately 0.05 °C was found between CBT
sensor’s recorded temperature and clinical
thermometer’s recorded temperature. Hence, the
forehead region was found to be the most optimum
place to measure the core body temperature using the
sensor - Anuar, H. and P.L. Leow. Non-invasive core
body temperature sensor for continuous monitoring.
in 2019 IEEE International Conference on Sensors
and Nanotechnology. 2019.
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