Marine Engineers Class IV Exams

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FN 5:MARINE ELECTRO TECH

FUNCTION 5 MARINE ELECTRO TECHONOLOGY

1. Open, Short Circuit, Earth Fault and how do you Measure?

2. What are Synchros? Application?

3. What are Thyristors?

4. How SCR operates? How Voltage Reduces

5. Intrinsic safety?

6. Explosion proof equipments?

7. How voltage is regulated in generator?

8. Draw AVR and explain?

9. What is KVA?

10. What is special about Steering gear Overload safety?

11. Explain the condition for Paralleling of Alternators?

12. What does different position of the synchroscope needle mean; what is the difference between
6 o clock and 12 clock?

13. Why do we close the switch at 11 o'clock and not at 12 o' clock?

14. Why is a Megger used for insulation test and not a multi meter?

15. What are the safeties on MSB?

16. When does Reverse power flow?

17. What is the harm if reverse power flows?

18. How is the protection against reverse power given?

19. How do you test reverse power trip?

20. What is the full form of ACB?

21. If you press the ACB Close button on an idle generator what will happen?

22. What is Under-voltage protection?

23. What is the meaning of preferential trip? Why is it provided?

24. What is the purpose of the earth fault indication on the switch board?

25. If you get an earth fault alarm what will you do?

26. What is Direct Current?

27. What is alternating current?

28. What is meant by phase in AC?

29. Is there phase in DC?

30. Why is DC not much in use now?

31. Where are you likely to see it used?

32. What does three-phase current mean?

33. What is RMS value?

34. What is the meaning of power factor?

35. What is the usual value you see onboard?

36. What is the best value possible?

37. What is the benefit of improving power factor?

38. How can it be improved?

39. What is the meaning of saying I and V are in phase?

40. What is the difference between KW, KVA and KVAR?

41. Why are motor ratings given in KW and that of alternator and transformer given in KVA?

42. Where does reactive power go?

43. What is a semi conductor?

44. What is doping?

45. What happens to insulation when temperature rises?

46. What happens to resistance of conductors when temperature rises

47. What is an induction motor?

48. What is "slip"?

49. What is a synchronous motor?

50. Where is it used?

51. How do you use a multimeter?

52. What is an AVO meter?

53. How do you check continuity?

54. What limits the electrical load?

55. What is the voltage used in a meggar?

56. How does current flow during welding?

57. What do we use for welding on ships? AC or DC?

58. What is the voltage?

59. What is the voltage used for ignition in boilers/incinerators etc.?

60. Why is it different from that for welding?

61. Does current flow through hull during welding?

62. If so why don't you get a shock?

63. What is safe voltage to prevent shock?

64. What is the meaning of earthing in a ship?

65. What is the meaning of Star winding/ Delta winding?

66. Is the ship's alternator Star wound or Delta wound?

67. What is the meaning of ACB, MCCB, NFB?

68. What is a magnetic contactor? Where is it used?

69. What is a relay? How is it different from a magnetic contactor?

70. Can you draw a DOL starter circuit?

71. What is the meaning of overload?

72. What is meaning of short circuit?

73. How is protection provided for OL and SC?

74. What is the function of a fuse?

75. What is the normal setting of overload relays?

76. How does a thermal overload relay work?

77. What is single phasing?

78. How can it happen?

79. What is the harm caused by this?

80. What protection is provided against this?

81. Why is it necessary that incoming alternator frequency is more than bus bar?

82. What is dark lamp and bright lamp method for synchronizing? How is the connection made?

83. Apart from renewing bearings is there any reason for opening up motors for maintenance?

84. Why is reverse power protection required?

85. Why is this reverse power used instead of reverse current in alternators?

86. What is the meaning of excitation in an alternator?

87. Is the field current in an alternator AC or DC?

88. Is the field rotating or stationary?

89. How is it supplied?

90. What is a brush less alternator?

91. How is the excitation achieved in this?

92. What is the meaning of residual magnetism?

93. Why is an air compressor started unloaded?

94. How is the speed of a 3-phase induction motor varied?

95. How is the direction of rotation varied?

96. How does this cause a rotation to change?

97. How is the speed of a DC motor varied?

98. How is the direction varied?

99. What is a diode?

100. What is a zener diode?

101. What is a thyristor? What is an SCR?

102. How does an inverter work?

103. How does a tube light work?

104. What is the function of the starter in a tube light?

105. What is the function of the choke?

106. Where is a slip ring used and where is a commutator used?

107. What is capacitance?

108. Does current flow through a capacitor?

109. What is the unit for capacitance?

110. What is a neutral?

111. What is the difference between neutral and earth?

112. What is a synchronous condenser?

113. Where and why is it used?

114. If a motor is wound star and you want to change to delta what should you do?

115. If the AVR, is defective, when additional loads come on will the generator be able to take it?

116. How do you test, reverse power trip, high current trip, preferential trip?

117. What is residual magnetism? Where is it important?

118. Sometimes, when you change the running direction of a E/R blower (from supply to exhaust) it
trips. Why?

119. What is the function of the friction clutch mechanism used in purifiers?

120. What is the regular maintenance done on batteries?

121. What safety precautions need to be taken during maintenance on batteries?

122. Why is special lighting used in battery rooms?

123. What is the voltage available from each cell in a lead acid battery?

124. What is the full battery voltage?

125. How is this voltage achieved?

126. What is the meaning of a normally open contact?

127. How does a Salinometer function?

128. How does the air compressor start and stop automatically?

129. How is the cold room temperature maintained?

130. What is a self-monitoring alarm circuit?

131. Out at sea, if there is a black out during your watch, what action will you take?

132. After a black out the emergency generator comes on; On restoring the main supply we are
closing the circuit breaker of the main generator without bothering about synchronizing. How is this
possible?

133. How does the emergency generator start automatically?

134. If all your air bottles are at low pressure and there is a blackout how do you start the generators?

135. What is a shaft generator?

136. Even though the main engine runs at varying speeds, how does the alternator maintain constant
frequency?

137. Is the alternator connected star or delta

138. Why is 440 V used for motors and 110/220 V used for lighting?

139. Steering gear motor safety?

140. What is low voltage system?

141. Advantage of insulated neutral system?

142. Static electricity?

143. How is the residual magnetism regained? You have to show it in diagram

144. Alternator safeties?

145. What is reverse power trip? How does it happen?

146. Which trip will operate first? If a generator loses Prime mover

147. What is preferential tripping?

148. What are the scenarios for preferential tripping when 2 generators are operating in parallel?

149. What are the batteries used onboard the ship?

150. What is the latest method provided to know if overcharging is taking place?

151. What will be the voltage after the batteries have fully discharged?

152. How do u know if only they r only half charged?

153. How do u know the ship is ac or dc powered?

154. What is power factor?

155. How do u find the power factor at a particular load?

156. What r the unity power factor loads on ship?

157. Is the galley hot plate purely resistive?

158. How do u improve the power factor of a ship?

159. What is soft starter? How does it work?

160. Is the welding machine ac or dc powered? What r the advantages and the disadvantages of both?

161. What is the welding voltage and current? On what basis is the current or voltage varied?

162. What is the characteristic of a zener diode? What property aids in determining this
characteristic?

163. What is doping? What r the doping materials used?

164. How does the doping aid in the zener diode property

165. Battery room precautions and checks

166. Testing of crane limit switch

167. Battery ratings on ship voltage

168. Megger test and construction

169. Fluctuation on load while two gantries are running in parallel reason

170. How does solenoid valve work?

171. How batteries are connected together, draw diagram, how much volt of one battery?

172. How are the cables graded?

173. Navigation lights

174. Rudder angle indicator

175. AVR

176. IR

177. Effects of voltage and frequency in a motor

178. Dry docking connections.

179. Synchroscope
180. What are MSB safeties

181. Explain preference trip

182. Explain under voltage trip

183. Motor protection

184. What are thyristors

185. Soft starters

186. U get a low insulation alarm on 440v MSB, What are the reasons, how will u detect the fault

187. A/E safeties

188. Electromagnetic brakes

189. Telegraph controls

190. DC motor types

191. Speed control of synchronous motor

192. 3phase to single phase

193. Lighting onboard

194. What are the breakers present on the switch board

195. What is earth fault and how earth faults are indicated

196. What is the type of motors used for azimuth propulsion

197. What r different types of motor used in engine room

198. About the generator, shaft generator and emergency generator

199. About tie breaker

200. How ac-dc and dc-ac are converted

201. How frequency of the generator is maintained

202. Different types of batteries used onboard what is the specific gravity and how it is measured

203. What is trickle charging

204. Alternator maintenance

205. Shore connection

206. Preferential trip

207. Equipments coming under first stage of preferential tripping

208. Active and reactive power

209. What is apparent power and total power

210. What is inductance, where u will use on board?

211. What is impedance?

212. How much must be there for insulation onboard? If it is slightly decreases what u can do on
board?

213. What is the use of KVAR meter on the MSB?

214. Where auto transformer starter is used on board ships and why?

215. Explain star delta starter?

216. Why starters are not used for land based installations?

217. Any two applications of zener diode on board ships?

218. How will you come to know whether a fuse is blown out or not, explain two methods?

219. What is meant by intrinsically safe?

220. Name any three intrinsically safe equipments on board other than a torch light and lamp?

221. Explain the working principle of an explosimeter and reasons for false readings?

222. How will you check reverse power and overload relay in the MSB?

223. What are the routine maintenance in an alternator?

224. How will you confirm a solenoid is working or not?

225. What kind of starter could be used for force draught fan for the boiler?

226. How to check the insulation resistance of a DC motor?

227. How to use a voltmeter for synchronization in the absence of synchroscope and synchronizing
lamps?

228. How does earth fault detector work?

229. Explain the conditions of paralleling alternators?

230. Draw the synchronizing method?

231. What is the difference between a megger and a multimeter?

232. Comment on air circuit breakers?

233. What are the safeties provided on Main Switch Board?

234. Describe how a self excited generator works?

235. What is the function of AVR?

236. How will you find out earth fault in the system?

237. What is reverse power protection for?

238. What is Wheatstone bridge?

239. Draw the synchroscope system?

240. What do you understand by preferential trip and when they operate?

241. Describe AC and DC? Where DC is used on board ships?

242. What is induction motor?

243. What are star delta windings?

244. What is a short circuit?

245. What is meant by earth fault?

246. What is meant by overload?

247. What is single phasing and how it happens?

248. What is fuse and how many types of fuses have seen before?

249. Why an air compressor is started unloaded?

250. What is the difference between ordinary diode and zener diode?

251. What is the function of starter and choke in a tube light?

252. What is the regular maintenance done on batteries?

253. How does salinometer work?

254. What will be your action on a blackout a sea?

255. How emergency generator does starts on its own?

256. What are the cut out provided on the OWS and checks to be done before putting it into
operation?

257. Draw star, delta 3 phase connections?

258. What are the motor safeties, deck crane safeties, and engine room over head safeties to be
checked?

259. What is relay? How it is different from a magnetic contactor?

260. What is ohm's law?

261. What is the expression for resistance in terms of length and area of conductor?

262. What is sequential starting?

263. What is the function of circuit breaker?

264. What essentials are supplied from emergency switchboard?

265. How will you confirm a minimum insulation resistance reading?

266. Describe steering power supply regulations?

267. What is Coulomb's law?

268. Describe Fleming's left and right hand rule?

269. Describe lenz's law?

270. What is the difference between electric and magnetic circuit?

271. Describe and Draw battery charging method?

272. How many types of DC motors are there?

273. How many types of AC motors are there?

274. What is magnetic hysteresis?

275. What is eddy current and how to minimize it?

276. How many types of electric circuits are there?

277. Describe Kirchhoff’s laws?

278. How many types of battery used on board ships?

279. What is the constructional difference between AC and DC generators?

280. How to calculate number of poles of a generator?

281. What are the causes of zero voltage in a running generator?

282. What is the difference between an induction motor and synchronous motor?

283. What is the reading of hydrometer reading in full charge and discharge?

284. What is meant by transformer and rectifier?

285. What is he units for voltage, current, power and resistance?

286. Comment on the starting current while using a direct online starter for an induction motor?

287. What is reluctance?

288. What are the maintenance carry out in alternator.

289. What are the trips provided in generator and alternator

290. How u simulate preferential trip, over speed trip, LOW PR TRIP, JCW HIGH TEMP TRIP?

291. How u check air gap in alternator.

292. How u calculate total current flowing in p/p motor manually?

293. Primary and secondary cells ,Insulated earthed systems

294. Lead acid batteries maintenance

295. Alkaline Battery maintenance

296. Single phasing

297. When u r lifting

298. piston suddenly black out wt will happen?

299. How tube light works?

300. What is choke in that lighting system?

301. Brushless Alternator

302. Open,Short Circuit,Earth Fault.How do you Measure?

303. What are Synchros?Application

304. What are Thyristors?How SCR operates?Hoe Voltage Reduces

305. alternator maintenance

306. shore connection

307. preferential trip

308. equipments coming under first stage of preferential tripping

309. active n reactive power

310. power factor

311. what is power factor

312. what is apparent power,total power

313. what is inductance,where u will use on board?

314. what is impedance?

315. how much must be there for insulation on board?if it is slightly decreases what u can do on
board?

316. what r the breakers present on the switch board

317. what is earth fault and how earth faults r indicated

318. what is the type of motors used for azimuth propulsion

319. what r different types of motor used in engine room

320. about the generator, shaft generator and emergency generator and also about tie breaker

321. How ac-dc and dc-ac are converted

322. how frequency of the generator is maintained

323. different types of batteries used onboard what is the specific gravity and how it is measured and
what is trickle charging

324. msb safeties,

325. preferential trip,

326. earthfault,

327. short circuit,

328. sunglephasing,

329. starters,

330. battery,

331. autotransformer

332. Fault finding,

333. diodes,

334. capacitance,

335. battery filling .wt is meant by battery capacity,it's significance,

336. megger, ammeter, voltmeter,

337. trips alarms etc.

338. What is Phase

339. Types of phases n y only 3 phase , y not 2 phase ?

340. Power factor...? He needs value 0.8 and y..?

341. apparent power n true power n reactive power

342. Why true power in VICos # n apparent power in VI

343. Impedence triangle

344. What is AC and what is DC and difference between them

345. What is an Induction Motor

346. Basic principle how induction motor start

347. Why a three phase motor start on giving supply n why single phase motor can't start unless

348. we provide a capacitance or inductance...?

349. Steering gear safeties

350. Description and working equations of Lead Acid batteries.

351. What is slip..? N slip in synchronous motor..?

352. Motor safeties n steering Gear motor safeties.

353. Paralleling of generators procedure

354. Reverse power trip...set point

355. Msb safeties

356. Motor checks

357. Insulation testing

358. Battery maintenance

359. Earth fault checking

360. Synchroscope needle rotating opposite direction???

361. Why to close at 11'clock position

362. What is power factor and what is its value?

363. Speed control of synchronous?

364. How can you say your battery is getting charged?

365. How to test a fuse? apart from millimetre

366. Continuity tester has to probe with indicating light keep one probe on one end of fuse keep other
one on other end if light s lit den itz gud if nt lid den itz short circuit

367. What is special about steering gear safety. It has got overload alarm at 150% and short circuit
trip.

368. Maintenance of alternator what all to do.

(a) Clean the felt/ air filters.

(b) Remove dust/ dirt from the rotor.

(c) Clean the connections and put some petroleum jelly.

(d) Check the air gap with the plastic feeler gauge.

(e) Check the lub oil level in bearing.

(f) Insulation resistance to take with megger.

(g) Check condition of winding.

(h) Carry out continuity test.

369. Purpose of air gap and how checked.

To avoid the mechanical contact between the stator & rotor

to determine the condition of the bearing.

Measured with the help of feeler gauge.

370. Trips on air circuit breaker with values

371. What are the conditions for paralleling alternators

(a) Frequency

(b) Phase

(c) Voltage

372. How to parallel alternators

There are three methods of Paralleling alternators:-

(i) Dark lamp method

(ii) Bright lamp Method

(iii) Synchorscope

373. Why megger is used to test insulation and not multi meter

Megger is used to test insulation because it has higher range say up to 500V.

374. Suppose a motor is not starting what checks u will make Electrical Checks:

a. Check the connections.

b. Check, if has tripped, then reset and try to start.

c. Check supply is coming from MSB or not.

d. Check single-phasing has not occurred.

Mechanical: Check the coupling between the motor and driven part is not too tight.

375. Suppose a motor is running hot what checks.

376. Single-phasing

377. Fan is working or not.

378. Overload is occurring.

379. Check condition of bearing.

380. Why insulation resistance checked and how? A measurement of the insulation resistance gives
the best guide to the state of health of the electrical equipment.

1. Disconnect the electrical supply.

2. Refer to the electrical circuit & manufacturer‘s instruction before testing.

3. Measure the insulation of the windings to the earth and as soon as possible when the machine is just
hot after it has stopped. The minimum value should be

381. Why motor insulation deteriorates

1. Moisture – results in decrease in the measured value of insulation resistance.

2. Dust & dirt deposits – reduces insulation resistance & failure of insulation due to oxidation.

3. Oil & Grease – prevents heat dissipation & causes dirt and dust to settle on the insulation.

4. Ageing – over the period of time the insulation deteriorates due to it getting affected by temperature
variation, mechanical stresses, vibrations, moisture and some varnish tend to become hard with age &
crack during the operation.

5. Temperature – Excessive temperature dehydrates and oxidizes the insulation, making it brittle &
disintegrates under vibration & shock.

382. If water goes to motor what you do.

1) Disconnect the electrical supply.

2) Put MEN AT WORK tag.

3) Remove the coupling bolts.

4) Now, lift the motor using lifting gear & put it on a clean place.

5) remove the cover & fan.

6) Take out bearing & the shaft.

7) The salt contamination must be removed by thoroughly washing with clean fresh water (preferably
warm) or if possible , distilled water.

8) De-greasants must be used if it is found that there was ingress of oil.

9) Spirits or alcohol may be used to clean contacts.

10) Dry the motor with dry air & then switch on its heaters or use powerful lamps. During this
process , keep its inspection covers open to permits moisture to escape.

11) Put the varnish on the winding & let it dry.

12) Check the insulation resistance. If it is ok then assemble it back & put it for use.

13) The motor must be started on less load & its current monitored for few hours to confirm its
satisfactory operation.

383. How do you test that Megger is working Ok

384. What are portable electrical testing instruments used in ER

a. Clampmeter

b. Megger

c. Multimeter

d. Tester

385. What is harm if reverse power flow?

Motoring effect will take place & can damage the prime mover.

386. Why preferential trip provided Purpose?

Preferential trip is provided to safe guard the machineries which are important for safety of ship &
safety of personnel onboard. Preferential trips are designed to disconnect the non-essential services i.e.,
Breakers controlling Air Conditioning, Galley power, blowers, refrigeration) in the event of partial
overload or partial failure of the supply, with the aim of preventing operation of the main breaker trip &
loss of power to essential services.

387. How do you test emergency generator?

a. Regular or weekly testing of the emergency generator should include simulation of the loss of normal
power.

b. The start up equipment may be provide a push button to interrupt the normal voltage supply to the
panel which then triggers the start sequence.

c. Loss of main power supply can easily be simulated by pulling a fuse in the auto-start panel which
supplies the under voltage or under frequency relay.

d. This no load running checks should, when practicable, be supplemented occasionally by a proper load
test. This requires the disconnection of the normal mains power while the emergency generator is
loaded upto near its rated value.

388. How do you check press and temp alarms. What equipment used for same

389. If you get earth fault alarm what you do?

a. Accept the alarm.

b. First of start isolate the breakers one by one.

 c. Then, check where the alarm has came & should be eliminated when located.

d. Damaged conductor insulation must be repaired.

e. Dampness or moisture in insulation must be dried out by gentle heat & precautions should be
taken to prevent future ingress of moisture.

f. If dirt is the cause, then a thorough cleaning with electro cleaner solvent should be applied & clean.

390. If on starting Generator you find that voltage is not building up what you do?

Residual magnetism is lost. So supply power from outside by connecting battery.

391. What equipment emergency generator supplies.

(a) For a period of 3 Hrs at Emergency lighting at every muster & embarkation station.

(b) For a period of 18 hrs at:-

(i) In all service & accommodation alleyways, stairways & exits, personal lift cars & personnel lift trunks.

(ii) In the machinery spaces & main generating stations including their control positions.

(iii) In all control stations, machinery control rooms, and at each main & emergency switchboard (iv) At
all stowage positions.

(v) At the steering gear.

(vi) At the fire pump & in all cargo pump rooms.

(vii) The navigational lights.

(viii) VHF & MF Radio installation.

(ix) The ship earth radio station.

(x) At all internal communication equipment

(xi) The fire detection & fire alarm system.

(xii) Intermittent operation of the daylight signalling lamp & all integral signals that are required in an
emergency.

392. What is difference between AC and DC?

 The difference between AC and DC is that AC is an alternating current (the amount of electrons) that
flows in both directions and DC is direct current that flows in only one direction; The wires outside of
our house are connected at two ends to AC generators. DC is found in batteries and solar cells.
alternating current varies with time, sinusoidally... where as DC remains steady.

393. What is rms value?

The RMS value of an alternating current is also known as its heating value, as it is a voltage which is
equivalent to the direct current value that would be required to get the same heating effect.

394. What maintenance carried out on Lead acid batteries.

a. Connection to be checked for tightness.

b. Casing surface to be kept clean.

c. Terminals are protected with petroleum jelly or Vaseline.

d. Specific gravity to be check with hydrometer.

1.21harged Condition

1.18 Discharged Condition

e. Batteries to be topped up with distilled water.

f. Check & clear vents to ensure H2 gas produced is vented Safeties to be observed while operation &
maintenance.

Use hand gloves & safety goggles while adding distilled water, shifting of battery, or checking sp. Gravity.

Use insulated spanners to tighten terminals (No Sparking, short-circuiting should take place)

Use plastic bottle or jar to add distilled water.

Should not be left in discharged condition for long period.

If adding acid, then first put little Acid, then add water & do the same process.

No naked lights to be taken inside.

No smoking inside battery room.

395. What precautions you will take before entering battery room.
a.Inform the bridge & the engine control room

b.Check the oxygen content.

c. Should be ventilated properly.

d. All PPE to be donned properly & rubber hand gloves to be used. e. No Naked lamps to be taken inside.

396. What is meaning of power factor. What is best value. What is normal value onboard. How do
you improve?

Power Factor :- The power factor of an AC electric power system is defined as the ratio of the real power
flowing to the load to the apparent power and is a dimensionless number between 0 and 1 The best
value is 0.85. The normal value onboard varies in between 0.8 to 0.9. Power factor can be improved by
connecting a Capacitor in parallel.

397. What is meaning of saying current and voltages are in phase

398. What happens to resistance of conductor when temp rises.

Resistance is directly proportional to temperature. So, resistance will increase if temperature rises.

399. Types of starters in ERoom

a. DOL (Direct On-Line) b. Star-delta c. Auto-transformer. d. Face plate starter

400. Types of Motors in Eroom

a. Induction Motor. b. Synchronous Speed Motor. c. DC Motor. d. Shunt motor e. Series Motor

401. How do you check continuity.

By using the multimeter, continuity is checked. Continuity is checked between the earth & the motor
connection.

402. Meaning of open and short circuit. How checked.

403. Voltage generated in megger.

500 V.

404. What is explosion proof equipment?

It is an equipment:
(a) Having an enclosure capable of withstanding an explosion within it of a specified flammable gas or
vapor & preventing the ignition of the specified flammable gas or vapor in the atmosphere surrounding
the enclosures by the sparks, flashes or explosion of the gas or vapor within.

(b) That operates at such an external temperature that a surrounding flammable atmosphere will not be
ignited.

TO BE SEGREGATED

What precautions to take while using megger ion circuits containing Electronic components.

What precautions to take before starting a work on electric equipment?

how does tube light work.

Trips on Electric Motor.

Short Circuit trip. Overload trip. Reverse power trip. Reverse current trip Fuse

405. Overhaul of an Electric Motor.

406. a. Disconnect the electric circuit. b. Isolate the system. c. Remove the fuse & check the electric
supply is not coming. d. Put MEN at Work tag. e. Remove the coupling bolts. f. Lift the motor with the
help of lifting gear. g. Open the end cover & remove the fan and clean the fan. h. Remove the bearing
and renew it. i. Check the condition of winding visually & check the insulation resistance by using
megger. h. If low, then apply varnish on it & dry it with gentle heat. i. Check the continuity. j. Assemble
the motor. k. Before putting it into operation, check the load being taken & any noise coming from it.

407. Purpose of AVR

408. AVR :- Automatic Voltage Regulator The AVR is used as an exciter. The purpose of AVR is to
maintain terminal voltage of an alternator constant on load. 41. What is shaft generator 42 how does air
compressor start stop automatically There is a pressure switch provided which is having a bellow inside
which increases & decreases in its size if the pressure rises to reqd. to start the compressor . 43 Main
switchboard safeties. a. Ebonite Rod. b. Rubber pad infront of switchboard. c. Dead-front type
switchboard. d. 0.6 meter gap behind the switchboard. e. Fuse f. Circuit Breakers. g. Earth Fault
indicators. h. Panel doors are earthed. i. No water, steam or oil pipelines to pass in its vicinity. j.
Undervoltage Relay k. Reverse Power trip. l. Preferential trip. m. Overcurrent trip n. Arc Chute o. Short-
circuit trip. 10

409. 44. Precautions while connecting shore power? a. Check terminal box cover screws/nuts to
remove(Find out location), lightly greased & ease up.
410. 45 Why load picked by crane does not fall if power goes off

411.

412. Because Electro-magnetic brakes get operated. 46. How electricity is generated. 47.Maintenance
on Alternator? a. Ventilation passages & air filters to clean. b. Insulation resistance to check for Stator,
rotor winding. If low, then varnish to be done c. Air gap to check using plastic feeler gauge. d. Bearing oil
to be renewed. e. Use vaccum cleaner to remove dirt/ dust. f. Terminal box cover gasket integrity to
check. g. Terminal connections to check for tightness. h. AVR components, diodes to keep free from oil,
moisture or any dirt. i. Heaters to be checked. 48. What is the function of Diode? The function of a diode
is to allow current in one direction and to block current in the opposite direction. 48. How to carry out
Open Circuit & Short circuit test? Open Circuit Test: The purpose of this test is to determine no load loss
or core loss. One winding of the transformer, usually high voltage side if left open and the other is
connected to its supply of normal voltage and frequency. A wattmeter, voltmeter and the ammeter are
connected in the low voltage winding. With the normal voltage applied to the low voltage side, normal
flux will be set up in the core, hence normal iron losses will occur which are recorded by the Wattmeter.
The load current on the low voltage winding will be small(2 to 5 % of rated full load current ), the copper
loss in the winding will be negligible and will be nil in the high voltage side winding.. So, the wattmeter
reading will represent practically the core loss under no load condition. Short-Circuit Test: This is also
known as Impedance test. In this test, the low voltage winding is short circuited by using a thick
conductor (or Ammeter, which serves additional purpose of Indicating Rated load current). A low
voltage at correct frequency is applied to the primary and is cautiously increased till full load current is
flowing the high voltage side. In this test, the applied voltage is small percentage of its rated value,
hence flux produced is small with the result that iron losses will be negligible and the Wattmeter reading
will represent the full load Cu-loss. 49. Suppose your motor has short-circuited, then how much value
will you get on Megger. 51. An example of each. - Where does magnetic field cuts the conductor? -
where does conductor cuts the magnetic field? 52. How is signal transmitted from Navigational bridge to
steering gear? 53. How is the load decided on AC Compressor & how does it works? 54. What is Open-
circuit & short-circuit in a control unit ? 55. Safeties in motor? a. Fuse 11

413. b. Overload trip c. Short-circuit trip d. Reverse power relay 56. Working principle of
Explosimeter?

414. An explosimeter is a device which is used to measure the amount of combustible gases present
in a sample. When a percentage of the lower explosive limit (LEL) of an atmosphere is exceeded, an
alarm signal on the instrument is activated. "Explosimeter"

415. The device, also called a combustible gas detector, operates on the principle of resistance
proportional to heat—a wire is heated, and a sample of the gas is introduced to the hot wire.
Combustible gases burn in the presence of the hot wire, thus increasing the resistance and disturbing a
Wheatstone bridge, which gives the reading.

416. A flashback arrestor is installed in the device to avoid the explosimeter igniting the sample
external to the device. The combustible gas indicator shown diagrammatically above consists of a
Wheatstone bridge with current supplied from a battery. When the bridge resistances are balanced, no
current flows through the galvanometer. One resistance is a hot filament in a combustion chamber. An
aspirator bulb and flexible tube are used to draw a gas sample into the chamber. The gas will burn in the
presence of the red hot filament causing the temperature of the filament to rise. Rise of temperature
increases the resistance of the filament and this change of filament unbalances the bridge. The current
flow registers on the meter which is scaled in percentage of LFL or ppm. 57. Safeties and precautions on
portable electrical equipments? 58. what is the routine maintenance on the starter of main air
compressor which is of automatic start stop type? 59. How to test a fuse? -apart from multimeter. 60.
Types of Fuses & diagram? 12

417. a. Catridge Type. b. HRC(High Rupturing Capacity) 61. Which is the largest induction motor used
onboard? Alternator 62. Which current is coming out from Alternator? 63. How will know proper
working of Megger? 64. Types of Switchboard? a. Open Type b. Dead front type. 65. Whats the use of
apparent power(kva) & reactive power(kvar)?????? Apparent power consists of active and reactive
power. Active power is the share of the apparent power which transmits energy from the source
(generator) to the user. Reactive power is the share of the apparent power which represents a useless
oscillation of energy from the source to the user and back again 66. What is a Thyristor? 67.
Maintenance carried out in Stator. 68. Why Star-Delta starters are used? 69. What all testing equipment
is used for testing an electric motor? 70. Basic meaning of Intrinsically safe motor? An intrinsically safe
circuit is one that is designed for a power so low that any spark or thermal effect produced by it whether
there is fault or not, is incapable of igniting the surrounding gas or vapor. 71. Difference between
Intrisically safe & Explosion proof? An intrinsically safe circuit is one that is designed for a power so low
that any spark or thermal effect produced by it whether there is fault or not, is incapable of igniting the
surrounding gas or vapor. Explosion proof :- 72.Circuit diagram of Megger? 73.What is the function of
Commutator? 74.What is the supply given to shipboard general alarm. 24 Volt DC. 75. Maintenance on
switchboard? a. Check contacts of Circuit breaker for damage & dirt. b. Cleaning of contact using
electro-cleaner. c. Interlocks fitted to check for proper functioning.

418. 72. How to make sure motor is in good condition?

419.

420. While Running

421. a. No noise

422. 13

423.

424. b. No vibrations

425. c. Motor frame temperature normal.

426. d. Current drawn by the motor is normal.

427. e. No dirt or dust or no corrosion on fins.

428. f. Drawing rated current.

429.

430. During Stop condition.

431. a. Isloate the system

432. b. Dismantle the parts

433. c. Check condition of internal parts, like bearing, fan.

434. d. No damage to rotor, stator.

435. e. Insulation resistance to check.

436. f. No signs of overheating should be there.

437.

438. While starting

439. a. Developing correct torque & high starting current.

440. b. Coming back to its normal rated current in designated time.

441.

442. 76. Draw star, delta 3 phase connections? 77. What are various portable electrical equipment
used? a. Megger b. Multimeter c. Clampmeter d. Live line tester. 78. what is the difference between KW
and KVA? KW means that it is the power deliverd to the load. where as the kva is the power can be meet
the load demand. so that kva is not with respect to load.

443. 1. Descr

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