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Chapter 3 - Report A Line Graph

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20 views13 pages

Chapter 3 - Report A Line Graph

f

Uploaded by

Trang Võ Kiều
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Chapter 3: REPORTS

I. Introduction
Writing a report here means writing a report on a chart (bar chart, line graph, pie chart, table,
map, diagram/process)
You need to write a summary of at least 150 words in response to a particular chart. This task
tests your ability to select and report the main features, to describe and compare data, identify
significance and trends in factual information, or describe a process.
Below are examples of some charts we to report. Match the chart with its name.
bar chart, line graph, pie chart, table, map, diagram/process
A. B

D.

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E
1. Definition

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A line graph or line is a way of plotting data points on a line. Often, it is used to show trend
data, or the comparison of two data sets. Therefore, in this type of chart, you need to pay
attention to the trend (the changes over time) and comparison between different data sets.
When you report a line graph, you need to write it in 4 parts/ paragraphs
Paragraph 1: Introduction
You have to use your own words to write the introduction to the topic of the graph.
Paragraph 2: Overview
Give an overview by describing the overall trend through time or the most special features.
Paragraph 3 & 4: Details
Describe the most important changes and numbers. (2 paragraphs)
2. Example analysis
The graph shows data about the annual earnings of three bakeries in London, 2000-2010.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make
comparisons where relevant.

A. Before you start, think about these questions


- What is the main topic of the graph?
- How could you rewrite the introduction in your own words?
- What are the general trends for the three bakeries over the whole period?
- Which numbers will you select to write about in paragraphs 3 & 4?
- What grammar and vocabulary will you need to use?
- Can you give your personal opinion about what happens in the graph?
B. Are these sentences True or False about the graph? Use a dictionary to help you.
1. There was an upward trend in the income of Bernie’s Buns over the period.
2. The earnings of Robbie’s Bakery fluctuated significantly between 2000 and 2005.
3. The income of Lovely Loaves saw a considerable decline over the decade.

C. Model answer

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D. Writing the introduction
Look at the introduction of the model essay. Is this exactly the same as the introduction in the
question?
In the introduction paragraph, you only write one sentence which paraphrases the introduction
in the question.
In order to paraphrase, you have to use some synonyms:
- The line chart = the line graph.
- To show = to compare = to give information about = to illustrate.
Measurements
- The percentages of something = the proportions of something = the figures for something
- Countable nouns: The number of = the quantity of = the figure of = how many
- Uncountable nouns: The amount of = the quantity of = how much
Time expressions:
Eg: The line graph compares the percentage of people in three countries who used the Internet
between 1999 and 2009
= (in) the period from 1999 to 2009
= (in) the period between 1999 and 2009
= in the first ten years of the 21st century
= over the period 1999 to 2009
= over a decade from 1999 to 2000
= over a ten year period
Eg: Write the introduction for the following task

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- The graph gives information about how many p……….. v……… Australia over an
eight-year period between 2000 and 2008.
- The graph illustrates the number of p……….. w……… v……… Australia over an
eight-year period between 2000 and 2008.

Write the introduction for the following topics:


1. Gas production in Russia (2003-2008)
2. Employment rates in the public sector, UK (2006-2010)

E. Write an overview

- Overall, + there was an upward/ downward trend in ….


- It is clear that + which line has the highest-lowest number/ which one witnessed fastest
growth?

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is, period, saw, than, upward, was, what, while
Add the words from the box above to correct places in this sample overview.

F. Writing the details

3. Complete the sentences below basing on the graphs

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NOTES

I. PRACTICE

Exercise 1: Analyse the chart below and fill in the blanks.


The chart shows Internet Users as percentage of population in USA, Canada and Mexico.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main feature and make
comparisons where relevant.

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Introduction:

Overview
- Is the trend upward/ downward? / Does the percentages of internet users increase or
decrease?
- Compared among three countries, which one had the highest proportion in 1999, which
one had the lowest percentage in 2009?

Details
1. How many percent of population used the internet in 1999 in the three countries?

2. How many percent of population used the internet in 2009 in the three countries?

Fill in the blanks


Compares, used, three countries, increased, access, fastest, 20%, lower, to, just, Canada,
compared to
The line graph (1)_______the percentage of people in (2)________who (3)_______the Internet
between 1999 and 2009.
It is clear that the proportion of the population who used the Internet (4)________in each
country over the period shown. Overall, a much larger percentage of Canadians and Americans
had (5) ________to the Internet in comparison with Mexicans, and Canada experienced the (6)
_______growth in Internet usage.
In 1999, the proportion of people using the Internet in the USA was about/stood at (7)_______.
The figures for Canada and Mexico were_________, at about 10% and 5% respectively. In
2005, Internet usage in both the USA and Canada rose (8)_____around 70% of the population,
while the figure for Mexico reached (8)______over 25%.
By 2009, the percentage of Internet users was highest in (9)_________. Almost 100% of
Canadians used the Internet, _______(10) about 80% of Americans and only 40% of Mexicans.

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Exercise 2: UK acid rain emission
The graph below shows UK acid rain emissions, measured in millions of tones, from four
different sectors between 1990 and 2007.

Fill the gaps using these words:


produced, reaching, fell, responsible, saw, considerably, terms, drop, dramatic
The line graph compares four sectors in ______ of the amount of acid rain emissions that they
produced over a period of 17 years in the UK.
It is clear that the total amount of acid rain emissions in the UK ______ ______ between 1990
and 2007. The most ______ decrease was seen in the electricity, gas and water supply sector.
In 1990, around 3.3 million tones of acid rain emissions came from the electricity, gas and
water sector. The transport and communication sector was ______ for about 0.7 million tones
of emissions, while the domestic sector ______ around 0.6 million tones. Just over 2 million
tones of acid rain gases came from other industries.
Emissions from electricity, gas and water supply fell dramatically to only 0.5 million tones in
2007, a ______ of almost 3 million tones. While acid rain gases from the domestic sector and
other industries fell gradually, the transport sector ______ a small increase in emissions,
______ a peak of 1 million tones in 2005.

Exercise 3:
The graph compares employment rates in the three sectors of the economy, in the UK,
2000-2010. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and
make comparisons where relevant.

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