Questions & Answers PDF P-1

Fortinet
NSE4_FGT-7.2 Exam
Fortinet NSE 4 - FortiOS 7.2

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Product Questions: 174

Version: 4.2

Question: 1

Which two statements are correct about NGFW Policy-based mode? (Choose two.)

A. NGFW policy-based mode does not require the use of central source NAT policy
B. NGFW policy-based mode can only be applied globally and not on individual VDOMs
C. NGFW policy-based mode supports creating applications and web filtering categories directly in a
firewall policy
D. NGFW policy-based mode policies support only flow inspection

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Question: 2

Refer to the exhibit.

Which contains a session diagnostic output. Which statement is true about the session diagnostic
output?

A. The session is in SYN_SENT state.

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B. The session is in FIN_ACK state.

C. The session is in FTN_WAIT state.
D. The session is in ESTABLISHED state.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Indicates TCP (proto=6) session in SYN_SENT state (proto=state=2)

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/viewContent.do?externalId=FD30042

Question: 3

Which two statements explain antivirus scanning modes? (Choose two.)

A. In proxy-based inspection mode, files bigger than the buffer size are scanned.
B. In flow-based inspection mode, FortiGate buffers the file, but also simultaneously transmits it to
the client.
C. In proxy-based inspection mode, antivirus scanning buffers the whole file for scanning, before
sending it to the client.
D. In flow-based inspection mode, files bigger than the buffer size are scanned.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

An antivirus profile in full scan mode buffers up to your specified file size limit. The default is 10 MB.
That is large enough for most files, except video files. If your FortiGate model has more RAM, you
may be able to increase this threshold. Without a limit, very large files could exhaust the scan
memory. So, this threshold balances risk and performance. Is this tradeoff unique to FortiGate, or
to a specific model? No. Regardless of vendor or model, you must make a choice. This is because of
the difference between scans in theory, that have no limits, and scans on real-world devices, that
have finite RAM. In order to detect 100% of malware regardless of file size, a firewall would need
infinitely large RAM--something that no device has in the real world. Most viruses are very small.
This table shows a typical tradeoff. You can see that with the default 10 MB threshold, only 0.01% of
viruses pass through.

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.350 & 352): "In flow-based inspection mode, the IPS engine
reads the payload of each packet, caches a local copy, and forwards the packet to the receiver at the
same time. Because the file is ransmitted simultaneously, flow-based mode consumes more CPU
cycles than proxy-based." "Each protocol’s proxy picks up a connection and buffers the entire file first
(or waits until the oversize limit is reached) before scanning. The client must wait for the scanning to
finish."

Question: 4

Refer to the exhibit.

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Questions & Answers PDF P-4

Refer to the web filter raw logs.

Based on the raw logs shown in the exhibit, which statement is correct?

A. Social networking web filter category is configured with the action set to authenticate.
B. The action on firewall policy ID 1 is set to warning.
C. Access to the social networking web filter category was explicitly blocked to all users.
D. The name of the firewall policy is all_users_web.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Question: 5

Which two configuration settings are synchronized when FortiGate devices are in an active-active HA
cluster? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGuard web filter cache

B. FortiGate hostname
C. NTP
D. DNS

Answer: CD
Explanation:

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In the 7.2 Infrastructure Guide (page 306) the list of configuration settings that are NOT synchronized
includes both 'FortiGate host name' and 'Cache'

Question: 6

An administrator wants to configure timeouts for users. Regardless of the userTMs behavior, the
timer should start as soon as the user authenticates and expire after the configured value.
Which timeout option should be configured on FortiGate?

A. auth-on-demand
B. soft-timeout
C. idle-timeout
D. new-session
E. hard-timeout

Answer: E
Explanation:

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Explanation-of-auth-timeout-types-for-
Firewall/ta-p/189423

Reference:
https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD37221#:~:text=Hard%20timeout%3A%2
0User%20

Question: 7

Why does FortiGate Keep TCP sessions in the session table for several seconds, even after both sides
(client and server) have terminated the session?

A. To allow for out-of-order packets that could arrive after the FIN/ACK packets
B. To finish any inspection operations
C. To remove the NAT operation
D. To generate logs

Answer: A
Explanation:

TCP provides the ability for one end of a connection to terminate its output while still receiving data
from the other end. This is called a half-close. FortiGate unit implements a specific timer before
removing an entry in the firewall session table.

Question: 8

Which two protocols are used to enable administrator access of a FortiGate device? (Choose two.)

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A. SSH
B. HTTPS
C. FTM
D. FortiTelemetry

Answer: AB
Explanation:

Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.4.0/hardening-your-
fortigate/995103/buildingsecurity-into-fortios

Question: 9

Refer to the exhibit.

Examine the intrusion prevention system (IPS) diagnostic command.

Which statement is correct If option 5 was used with the IPS diagnostic command and the outcome
was a decrease in the CPU usage?

A. The IPS engine was inspecting high volume of traffic.

B. The IPS engine was unable to prevent an intrusion attack .
C. The IPS engine was blocking all traffic.
D. The IPS engine will continue to run in a normal state.

Answer: A
Explanation:

fortinet-fortigate-security-study-guide-for-fortios-72 page 417 If there are high-CPU use problems

caused by the IPS, you can use the diagnose test application ipsmonitor command with option 5 to
isolate where the problem might be. Option 5 enables IPS bypass mode. In this mode, the IPS engine
is still running, but it is not inspecting traffic. If the CPU use decreases after that, it usually indicates
that the volume of traffic being inspected is too high for that FortiGate model.

Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.3/cookbook/232929/troubleshooting-high-cpu-
usage

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Question: 10

By default, FortiGate is configured to use HTTPS when performing live web filtering with FortiGuard
servers.
Which CLI command will cause FortiGate to use an unreliable protocol to communicate with
FortiGuard servers for live web filtering?

A. set fortiguard-anycast disable

B. set webfilter-force-off disable
C. set webfilter-cache disable
D. set protocol tcp

Answer: A
Explanation:

y default, "fortiguard-anycast" is enabled, and this setting only works with "set protocol https". To
use udp (ie. "set protocol udp"), "fortiguard-anycast" must be disabled.

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD48294

"By default, FortiGate is configured to enforce the use of HTTPS port 443 to perform live filtering with
FortiGuard or FortiManager. Other ports and protocols are available by disabling the FortiGuard
anycast setting on the CLI."

Question: 11

How does FortiGate act when using SSL VPN in web mode?

A. FortiGate acts as an FDS server.

B. FortiGate acts as an HTTP reverse proxy.
C. FortiGate acts as DNS server.
D. FortiGate acts as router.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Reference:
https://pub.kb.fortinet.com/ksmcontent/Fortinet-Public/current/Fortigate_v4.0MR3/fortigate-
sslvpn-40-mr3.pdf

Question: 12

Which three statements explain a flow-based antivirus profile? (Choose three.)

A. Flow-based inspection uses a hybrid of the scanning modes available in proxy-based inspection.
B. If a virus is detected, the last packet is delivered to the client.
C. The IPS engine handles the process as a standalone.

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D. FortiGate buffers the whole file but transmits to the client at the same time.
E. Flow-based inspection optimizes performance compared to proxy-based inspection.

Answer: ADE
Explanation:

Reference: https://forum .fortinet.com/tm .aspx?m=192309

Question: 13

Refer to the exhibits to view the firewall policy (Exhibit A) and the antivirus profile (Exhibit B).

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Which statement is correct if a user is unable to receive a block replacement message when
downloading an infected file for the first time?

A. The firewall policy performs the full content inspection on the file.
B. The flow-based inspection is used, which resets the last packet to the user.
C. The volume of traffic being inspected is too high for this model of FortiGate.
D. The intrusion prevention security profile needs to be enabled when using flow-based inspection
mode.

Answer: B

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Explanation:

· "ONLY" If the virus is detected at the "START" of the connection, the IPS engine sends the block
replacement message immediately
· When a virus is detected on a TCP session (FIRST TIME), but where "SOME PACKETS" have been
already forwarded to the receiver, FortiGate "resets the connection" and does not send the last
piece of the file. Although the receiver got most of the file content, the file has been truncated and
therefore, can't be opened. The IPS engine also caches the URL of the infected file, so that if a
"SECOND ATTEMPT" to transmit the file is made, the IPS engine will then send a block replacement
message to the client instead of scanning the file again.
In flow mode, the FortiGate drops the last packet killing the file. But because of that the block
replacement message cannot be displayed. If the file is attempted to download again the block
message will be shown.

Question: 14

A network administrator wants to set up redundant IPsec VPN tunnels on FortiGate by using two
IPsec VPN tunnels and static routes.
* All traffic must be routed through the primary tunnel when both tunnels are up
* The secondary tunnel must be used only if the primary tunnel goes down
* In addition, FortiGate should be able to detect a dead tunnel to speed up tunnel failover
Which two key configuration changes are needed on FortiGate to meet the design requirements?
(Choose two,)

A. Configure a high distance on the static route for the primary tunnel, and a lower distance on the
static route for the secondary tunnel.
B. Enable Dead Peer Detection.
C. Configure a lower distance on the static route for the primary tunnel, and a higher distance on the
static route for the secondary tunnel.
D. Enable Auto-negotiate and Autokey Keep Alive on the phase 2 configuration of both tunnels.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

Study Guide – IPsec VPN – IPsec configuration – Phase 1 Network.

When Dead Peer Detection (DPD) is enabled, DPD probes are sent to detect a failed tunnel and bring
it down before its IPsec SAs expire. This failure detection mechanism is very useful when you have
redundant paths to the same destination, and you want to failover to a backup connection when the
primary connection fails to keep the connectivity between the sites up.
There are three DPD modes. On demand is the default mode.

Study Guide – IPsec VPN – Redundant VPNs.

Add one phase 1 configuration for each tunnel. DPD should be enabled on both ends.

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Add at least one phase 2 definition for each phase 1.

Add one static route for each path. Use distance or priority to select primary routes over backup
routes (routes for the primary VPN must have a lower distance or lower priority than the backup).
Alternatively, use dynamic routing.

Configure FW policies for each IPsec interface.

Question: 15

Which engine handles application control traffic on the next-generation firewall (NGFW) FortiGate?

A. Antivirus engine
B. Intrusion prevention system engine
C. Flow engine
D. Detection engine

Answer: B
Explanation:

http://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/240599/application-control

Reference: http://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/240599/application-
control

Question: 16

Refer to the exhibit.

Given the interfaces shown in the exhibit. which two statements are true? (Choose two.)

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A. Traffic between port2 and port2-vlan1 is allowed by default.

B. port1-vlan10 and port2-vlan10 are part of the same broadcast domain.
C. port1 is a native VLAN.
D. port1-vlan and port2-vlan1 can be assigned in the same VDOM or to different VDOMs.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-rules-about-VLAN-configuration-and-
VDOM-interf
https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/viewContent.do?externalId=FD30883

Question: 17

Which statement about video filtering on FortiGate is true?

A. Full SSL Inspection is not required.

B. It is available only on a proxy-based firewall policy.
C. It inspects video files hosted on file sharing services.
D. Video filtering FortiGuard categories are based on web filter FortiGuard categories.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/new-features/190873/video-filtering

Question: 18

Refer to the exhibit.

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Given the security fabric topology shown in the exhibit, which two statements are true? (Choose
two.)

A. There are five devices that are part of the security fabric.
B. Device detection is disabled on all FortiGate devices.
C. This security fabric topology is a logical topology view.
D. There are 19 security recommendations for the security fabric.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/5.6.0/cookbook/761085/results

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortimanager/6.2.0/new-features/736125/security-fabric-
topology

Question: 19

A network administrator has enabled SSL certificate inspection and antivirus on FortiGate. When
downloading an EICAR test file through HTTP, FortiGate detects the virus and blocks the file. When
downloading the same file through HTTPS, FortiGate does not detect the virus and the file can be
downloaded.
What is the reason for the failed virus detection by FortiGate?

A. The website is exempted from SSL inspection.

B. The EICAR test file exceeds the protocol options oversize limit.

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C. The selected SSL inspection profile has certificate inspection enabled.

D. The browser does not trust the FortiGate self-signed CA certificate.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

SSL Inspection Profile, on the Inspection method there are 2 options to choose from, SSL Certificate
Inspection or Full SSL Inspection. FG SEC 7.2 Studi Guide: Full SSL Inspection level is the only choice
that allows antivirus to be effective.

Question: 20

Refer to the exhibits.

Exhibit A shows system performance output. Exhibit B shows a FortiGate configured with the default
configuration of high memory usage thresholds. Based on the system performance output, which
two statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. Administrators can access FortiGate only through the console port.

B. FortiGate has entered conserve mode.
C. FortiGate will start sending all files to FortiSandbox for inspection.
D. Administrators cannot change the configuration.

Answer: BD
Explanation:

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Reference: https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Conserve-mode-changes/ta-
p/198502

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Conserve-mode-changes/ta-p/198502

configurable thresholds
Though it is recommended to keep the default memory threshold, a new CLI command has been
added to allow administrators to adjust the thresholds.

Default values are :

- red : 88% of total memory is considered "used memory"
- extreme : 95% of total memory is considered "used memory"
- green : 82% of total memory is considered "used memory"

Question: 21

Refer to the exhibits.

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An administrator creates a new address object on the root FortiGate (Local-FortiGate) in the security
fabric. After synchronization, this object is not available on the downstream FortiGate (ISFW).

What must the administrator do to synchronize the address object?

A. Change the csf setting on ISFW (downstream) to set configuration-sync local.

B. Change the csf setting on ISFW (downstream) to set authorization-request-type certificate.
C. Change the csf setting on both devices to set downstream-access enable.
D. Change the csf setting on Local-FortiGate (root) to set fabric-object-unification default.

Answer: C
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.4.5/administration-
guide/880913/synchronizing-objects-across-the-security-fabric

Question: 22

Which two settings can be separately configured per VDOM on a FortiGate device? (Choose two.)

A. System time
B. FortiGuaid update servers
C. Operating mode
D. NGFW mode

Answer: CD
Explanation:

C: "Operating mode is per-VDOM setting. You can combine transparent mode VDOM's with NAT
mode VDOMs on the same physical Fortigate.
D: "Inspection-mode selection has moved from VDOM to firewall policy, and the default inspection-
mode is flow, so NGFW Mode can be changed from Profile-base (Default) to Policy-base directly in

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System > Settings from the VDOM" Page 125 of FortiGate_Infrastructure_6.4_Study_Guide

Question: 23

51
Which statement is correct regarding the inspection of some of the services available by web
applications embedded in third-party websites?
A. The security actions applied on the web applications will also be explicitly applied on the third-
party websites.

B. The application signature database inspects traffic only from the original web application server.
C. FortiGuard maintains only one signature of each web application that is unique.
D. FortiGate can inspect sub-application traffic regardless where it was originated.

Answer: D
Explanation:

Reference:
https://help.fortinet.com/fortiproxy/11/Content/Admin%20Guides/FPX-
AdminGuide/300_System/303d_FortiG

Question: 24

An administrator wants to configure Dead Peer Detection (DPD) on IPSEC VPN for detecting dead
tunnels. The requirement is that FortiGate sends DPD probes only when no traffic is observed in the
tunnel.
Which DPD mode on FortiGate will meet the above requirement?

A. Disabled
B. On Demand
C. Enabled
D. On Idle

Answer: D
Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD40813

Question: 25

Refer to the exhibit.

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The global settings on a FortiGate device must be changed to align with company security policies.
What does the Administrator account need to access the FortiGate global settings?

A. Change password
B. Enable restrict access to trusted hosts
C. Change Administrator profile
D. Enable two-factor authentication

Answer: C
Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD34502

Question: 26

Which two statements are correct about SLA targets? (Choose two.)

A. You can configure only two SLA targets per one Performance SLA.

B. SLA targets are optional.

C. SLA targets are required for SD-WAN rules with a Best Quality strategy.
D. SLA targets are used only when referenced by an SD-WAN rule.

Answer: BD
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.0/cookbook/382233/performance-sla-

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sla-targets

Question: 27

Refer to the exhibit.

Given the routing database shown in the exhibit, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. The port3 default route has the lowest metric.

B. The port1 and port2 default routes are active in the routing table.
C. The ports default route has the highest distance.
D. There will be eight routes active in the routing table.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-How-to-identify-Inactive-Routes-in-the-
Routing/ta-p/197595

Question: 28

When configuring a firewall virtual wire pair policy, which following statement is true?

A. Any number of virtual wire pairs can be included, as long as the policy traffic direction is the same.
B. Only a single virtual wire pair can be included in each policy.
C. Any number of virtual wire pairs can be included in each policy, regardless of the policy traffic
direction settings.
D. Exactly two virtual wire pairs need to be included in each policy.

Answer: A

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Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD48690

Question: 29

Refer to the exhibit.

An administrator is running a sniffer command as shown in the exhibit.

Which three pieces of information are included in the sniffer output? (Choose three.)

A. Interface name
B. Ethernet header
C. IP header
D. Application header
E. Packet payload

Answer: ACE
Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=11186

Study Guide – Routing – Diagnostics – Packet Capture Verbosity Level.

# diagnose sniffer packet <interface> ‘<filter>’ <verbosity> <count> <timestamp> <frame size>

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In the example, verbosity is 5.

The verbosity level specifies how much info you want to display.

1 (default): IP Headers.
2: IP Headers, Packet Payload.
3. IP Headers, Packet Payload, Ethernet Headers.
4: IP Headers, Interface Name.
5: IP Headers, Packet Payload, Interface Name.
6: IP Headers, Packet Payload, Ethernet Headers, Interface Name.

Question: 30

An administrator does not want to report the logon events of service accounts to FortiGate. What
setting on the collector agent is required to achieve this?

A. Add the support of NTLM authentication.

B. Add user accounts to Active Directory (AD).
C. Add user accounts to the FortiGate group fitter.
D. Add user accounts to the Ignore User List.

Answer: D
Explanation:

Reference: https://community.fortinet.com/t5/Support-Forum/Collector-Agent-and-problem-
getting-login-info/m-p/95481

Question: 31

An administrator is configuring an IPsec VPN between site A and site B. The Remote Gateway setting
in both sites has been configured as Static IP Address. For site A, the local quick mode selector is 192.
168. 1.0/24 and the remote quick mode selector is 192. 168.2.0/24.
Which subnet must the administrator configure for the local quick mode selector for site B?

A. 192. 168. 1.0/24

B. 192. 168.0.0/24
C. 192. 168.2.0/24
D. 192. 168.3.0/24

Answer: C
Explanation:

For an IPsec VPN between site A and site B, the administrator has configured the local quick mode
selector for site A as 192.168.1.0/24 and the remote quick mode selector as 192.168.2.0/24. This
means that the VPN will allow traffic to and from the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet at site A to reach the

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192.168.2.0/24 subnet at site B.

To complete the configuration, the administrator must configure the local quick mode selector for
site B. To do this, the administrator must use the same subnet as the remote quick mode selector for
site A, which is 192.168.2.0/24. This will allow traffic to and from the 192.168.2.0/24 subnet at site B
to reach the 192.168.1.0/24 subnet at site A.

Therefore, the administrator must configure the local quick mode selector for site B as
192.168.2.0/24.

Question: 32

Which two statements are true about the FGCP protocol? (Choose two.)

A. FGCP elects the primary FortiGate device.

B. FGCP is not used when FortiGate is in transparent mode.
C. FGCP runs only over the heartbeat links.
D. FGCP is used to discover FortiGate devices in different HA groups.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

The FGCP (FortiGate Clustering Protocol) is a protocol that is used to manage high availability (HA)
clusters of FortiGate devices. It performs several functions, including the following:

FGCP elects the primary FortiGate device: In an HA cluster, FGCP is used to determine which
FortiGate device will be the primary device, responsible for handling traffic and making decisions
about what to allow or block. FGCP uses a variety of factors, such as the device's priority, to
determine which device should be the primary.

FGCP runs only over the heartbeat links: FGCP communicates between FortiGate devices in the HA
cluster using the heartbeat links. These are dedicated links that are used to exchange status and
control information between the devices. FGCP does not run over other types of links, such as data
links.

Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.4.0/ports-and-protocols/564712/fgcp-fortigate-
clustering-protocol

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.292): "FortiGate HA uses the Fortinet-proprietary
FortiGate Clustering Protocol (FGCP) to discover members, elect the primary FortiGate, synchronize
data among members, and monitor the health of members. To discover and monitor members, the
members broadcast heartbeat packets over all configured heartbeat interfaces."

Question: 33

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Which two attributes are required on a certificate so it can be used as a CA certificate on SSL
Inspection? (Choose two.)

A. The keyUsage extension must be set to keyCertSign.

B. The common name on the subject field must use a wildcard name.
C. The issuer must be a public CA.
D. The CA extension must be set to TRUE.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

"In order for FortiGate to act in these roles, its CA certificate must have the basic constraints
extension set to cA=True and the value of the keyUsage extension set to keyCertSign."
Reference: https://www.reddit.com/r/fortinet/comments/c7j6jg/recommended_ssl_cert/

Question: 34

Which two inspection modes can you use to configure a firewall policy on a profile-based next-
generation firewall (NGFW)? (Choose two.)

A. Proxy-based inspection
B. Certificate inspection
C. Flow-based inspection
D. Full Content inspection

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 35

Refer to the exhibit.

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The Root and To_Internet VDOMs are configured in NAT mode. The DMZ and Local VDOMs are
configured in transparent mode.
The Root VDOM is the management VDOM. The To_Internet VDOM allows LAN users to access the
internet. The To_Internet VDOM is the only VDOM with internet access and is directly connected to
ISP modem .

With this configuration, which statement is true?

A. Inter-VDOM links are required to allow traffic between the Local and Root VDOMs.
B. A static route is required on the To_Internet VDOM to allow LAN users to access the internet.
C. Inter-VDOM links are required to allow traffic between the Local and DMZ VDOMs.
D. Inter-VDOM links are not required between the Root and To_Internet VDOMs because the Root
VDOM is used only as a management VDOM.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD46542

Question: 36

Refer to the exhibit.

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The exhibit shows the IPS sensor configuration.

If traffic matches this IPS sensor, which two actions is the sensor expected to take? (Choose two.)

A. The sensor will allow attackers matching the Microsoft Windows.iSCSI.Target.DoS signature.
B. The sensor will block all attacks aimed at Windows servers.
C. The sensor will reset all connections that match these signatures.
D. The sensor will gather a packet log for all matched traffic.

Answer: AB
Explanation:

Question: 37

Which CLI command allows administrators to troubleshoot Layer 2 issues, such as an IP address
conflict?

A. get system status

B. get system performance status
C. diagnose sys top
D. get system arp

Answer: D
Explanation:

"If you suspect that there is an IP address conflict, or that an IP has been assigned to the wrong
device, you may need to look at the ARP table."

Question: 38

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Refer to the exhibit showing a debug flow output.

Which two statements about the debug flow output are correct? (Choose two.)

A. The debug flow is of ICMP traffic.

B. A firewall policy allowed the connection.
C. A new traffic session is created.
D. The default route is required to receive a reply.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.3/cookbook/54688/debugging-the-
packet-flow

Question: 39

Which two settings are required for SSL VPN to function between two FortiGate devices? (Choose
two.)

A. The client FortiGate requires a client certificate signed by the CA on the server FortiGate.
B. The client FortiGate requires a manually added route to remote subnets.
C. The client FortiGate uses the SSL VPN tunnel interface type to connect SSL VPN.
D. The server FortiGate requires a CA certificate to verify the client FortiGate certificate.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.9/administration-guide/508779/fortigate-as-ssl-
vpn-client

To establish an SSL VPN connection between two FortiGate devices, the following two settings are
required:

The server FortiGate requires a CA certificate to verify the client FortiGate certificate: The server
FortiGate will use a CA (Certificate Authority) certificate to verify the client FortiGate certificate,
ensuring that the client device is trusted and allowed to establish an SSL VPN connection.

The client FortiGate requires the SSL VPN tunnel interface type to connect SSL VPN: The client

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FortiGate must have an SSL VPN tunnel interface type configured in order to establish an SSL VPN
connection. This interface type will be used to connect to the server FortiGate over the SSL VPN.

Question: 40

On FortiGate, which type of logs record information about traffic directly to and from the FortiGate
management IP addresses?

A. System event logs

B. Forward traffic logs
C. Local traffic logs
D. Security logs

Answer: C
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/5.4.0/cookbook/476970
Traffic logs record the traffic flowing through your FortiGate unit. Since traffic needs firewall policies
to properly flow through FortiGate, this type of logging is also called firewall policy logging. Firewall
policies control all traffic attempting to pass through the FortiGate unit, between FortiGate
interfaces, zones, and VLAN sub-interfaces.

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.176): "Local traffic logs contain information about traffic
directly to and from the FortiGate management IP addresses. They also include connections to the
GUI and FortiGuard queries."

Question: 41

Which statement about the policy ID number of a firewall policy is true?

A. It is required to modify a firewall policy using the CLI.

B. It represents the number of objects used in the firewall policy.
C. It changes when firewall policies are reordered.
D. It defines the order in which rules are processed.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Question: 42

Refer to the exhibits.

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The SSL VPN connection fails when a user attempts to connect to it. What should the user do to
successfully connect to SSL VPN?

A. Change the SSL VPN port on the client.

B. Change the Server IP address.
C. Change the idle-timeout.
D. Change the SSL VPN portal to the tunnel.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/5.4.0/cookbook/150494

Question: 43

An administrator has configured a strict RPF check on FortiGate. Which statement is true about the
strict RPF check?

A. The strict RPF check is run on the first sent and reply packet of any new session.
B. Strict RPF checks the best route back to the source using the incoming interface.
C. Strict RPF checks only for the existence of at least one active route back to the source using the
incoming interface.
D. Strict RPF allows packets back to sources with all active routes.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Strict Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) is a security feature that is used to detect and prevent IP
spoofing attacks on a network. It works by checking the routing information for incoming packets to

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ensure that they are coming from the source address that is indicated in the packet's header. In strict
RPF mode, the firewall will check the best route back to the source of the incoming packet using the
incoming interface. If the packet's source address does not match the route back to the source, the
packet is dropped. This helps to prevent attackers from spoofing their IP address and attempting to
access the network.

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD33955

Question: 44

Refer to the exhibits.

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The exhibits show the SSL and authentication policy (Exhibit A) and the security policy (Exhibit B) for
Facebook .
Users are given access to the Facebook web application. They can play video content hosted on
Facebook but they are unable to leave reactions on videos or other types of posts.
Which part of the policy configuration must you change to resolve the issue?

A. Make SSL inspection needs to be a deep content inspection.

B. Force access to Facebook using the HTTP service.
C. Get the additional application signatures are required to add to the security policy.
D. Add Facebook in the URL category in the security policy.

Answer: A
Explanation:

They can play video (tick) content hosted on Facebook, but they are unable to leave reactions on
videos or other types of posts. This indicate that the rule are partially working as they can watch
video but cant react, i.e. liking the content. So must be an issue with the SSL inspection rather then
adding an app rule.

Question: 45

Which two statements about FortiGate FSSO agentless polling mode are true? (Choose two.)

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A. FortiGate uses the AD server as the collector agent.

B. FortiGate uses the SMB protocol to read the event viewer logs from the DCs.
C. FortiGate does not support workstation check .
D. FortiGate directs the collector agent to use a remote LDAP server.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

You can deploy FSSO w/o installing an agent. FG polls the DCs directly, instead of receiving logon info
indirectly from a collector agent.

Because FG collects all of the data itself, agentless polling mode requires greater system resources,
and it doesn't scale as easily.

Agentless polling mode operates in a similar way to WinSecLog, but with only two event IDs: 4768
and 4769. Because there's no collector agent, FG uses the SMB protocol to read the event viewer
logs from the DCs.

FG acts as a collector. It 's responsible for polling on top of its normal FSSO tasks but does not have all
the extra features, such as workstation checks, that are available with the external collector agent.

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD47732

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Troubleshooting-Tip-How-to-troubleshoot-FSSO-
agentless-polling/ta-p/214349

Question: 46

Refer to the exhibit.

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The exhibit contains the configuration for an SD-WAN Performance SLA, as well as the output of
diagnose sys virtual-wan-link health-check . Which interface will be selected as an outgoing
interface?

A. port2
B. port4
C. port3
D. port1

Answer: D
Explanation:

Port 1 shows the lowest latency.

Question: 47

Refer to the exhibit.

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Review the Intrusion Prevention System (IPS) profile signature settings. Which statement is correct in
adding the FTP.Login.Failed signature to the IPS sensor profile?

A. The signature setting uses a custom rating threshold.

B. The signature setting includes a group of other signatures.
C. Traffic matching the signature will be allowed and logged.
D. Traffic matching the signature will be silently dropped and logged.

Answer: D
Explanation:

Select Block to silently drop traffic matching any of the signatures included in the entry. So, while the
default action would be 'Pass' for this signature the administrator is specifically overriding that to set
the Block action. To use the default action the setting would have to be 'Default'.

Action is drop, signature default action is listed only in the signature, it would only match if action
was set to default.

Question: 48

Refer to the exhibit.

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The exhibit contains a network diagram, virtual IP, IP pool, and firewall policies configuration.
The WAN (port1) interface has the IP address 10.200. 1. 1/24.
The LAN (port3) interface has the IP address 10 .0.1.254. /24.
The first firewall policy has NAT enabled using IP Pool.
The second firewall policy is configured with a VIP as the destination address.
Which IP address will be used to source NAT the internet traffic coming from a workstation with the
IP address 10.0. 1. 10?

A. 10.200. 1. 1
B. 10.200.3. 1
C. 10.200. 1. 100
D. 10.200. 1. 10

Answer: C
Explanation:

Policy 1 is applied on outbound (LAN-WAN) and policy 2 is applied on inbound (WAN-LAN). question
is asking SNAT for outbound traffic so policy 1 will take place and NAT overload is in effect.

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Question: 49

Refer to the exhibit.

An administrator has configured a performance SLA on FortiGate, which failed to generate any traffic.
Why is FortiGate not sending probes to 4.2.2.2 and 4.2.2.1 servers? (Choose two.)

A. The Detection Mode setting is not set to Passive.

B. Administrator didn't configure a gateway for the SD-WAN members, or configured gateway is not
valid.
C. The configured participants are not SD-WAN members.
D. The Enable probe packets setting is not enabled.

Answer: BD
Explanation:

Question: 50

Refer to the exhibit.

Which contains a session list output. Based on the information shown in the exhibit, which statement

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is true?

A. Destination NAT is disabled in the firewall policy.

B. One-to-one NAT IP pool is used in the firewall policy.
C. Overload NAT IP pool is used in the firewall policy.
D. Port block allocation IP pool is used in the firewall policy.

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate_Security_6.4 page 155 . In one-to-one, PAT is not required.

Question: 51

FortiGuard categories can be overridden and defined in different categories. To create a web rating
override for example.com home page, the override must be configured using a specific syntax.
Which two syntaxes are correct to configure web rating for the home page? (Choose two.)

A. www.example.com:443
B. www.example.com
C. example.com
D. www.example.com/index.html

Answer: BC
Explanation:

When using FortiGuard category filtering to allow or block access to a website, one option is to make
a web rating override and define the website in a different category. Web ratings are only for host
names - no URLs or wildcard characters are allowed.

OK: google.com or www.google.com

NO OK: www.google.com/index.html or google.*

FortiGate_Security_6.4 page 384

When using FortiGuard category filtering to allow or block access to a website, one option is to make
a web rating override and define the website in a different category. Web ratings are only for host
names-- "no URLs or wildcard characters are allowed".

Question: 52

Refer to the exhibit.

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The exhibit displays the output of the CLI command: diagnose sys ha dump-by vcluster.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGate SN FGVM010000065036 HA uptime has been reset.

B. FortiGate devices are not in sync because one device is down.
C. FortiGate SN FGVM010000064692 is the primary because of higher HA uptime.
D. FortiGate SN FGVM010000064692 has the higher HA priority.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

1. Override is disable by default - OK

2. "If the HA uptime of a device is AT LEAST FIVE MINUTES (300 seconds) MORE than
the HA Uptime of the other FortiGate devices, it becomes the
primary" The QUESTION NO : here is : HA Uptime of FGVM01000006492 > 5 minutes? NO - 198
seconds < 300 seconds (5 minutes) Page 314 Infra Study Guide.
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/666653/primary-unit-selection-with-
override-disab

Question: 53

Refer to the exhibit.

The exhibit displays the output of the CLI command: diagnose sys ha dump-by vcluster.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGate SN FGVM010000065036 HA uptime has been reset.

B. FortiGate devices are not in sync because one device is down.
C. FortiGate SN FGVM010000064692 is the primary because of higher HA uptime.

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D. FortiGate SN FGVM010000064692 has the higher HA priority.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

1. Override is disable by default - OK

2. "If the HA uptime of a device is AT LEAST FIVE MINUTES (300 seconds) MORE than
the HA Uptime of the other FortiGate devices, it becomes the
primary" The QUESTION NO : here is : HA Uptime of FGVM01000006492 > 5 minutes? NO - 198
seconds < 300 seconds (5 minutes) Page 314 Infra Study Guide.
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/666653/primary-unit-selection-with-
override-disab

Question: 54

Refer to the exhibit.

A network administrator is troubleshooting an IPsec tunnel between two FortiGate devices. The
administrator has determined that phase 1 status is up. but phase 2 fails to come up.
Based on the phase 2 configuration shown in the exhibit, what configuration change will bring phase
2 up?

A. On HQ-FortiGate, enable Auto-negotiate.

B. On Remote-FortiGate, set Seconds to 43200.
C. On HQ-FortiGate, enable Diffie-Hellman Group 2.
D. On HQ-FortiGate, set Encryption to AES256.

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Answer: D
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/5.4.0/cookbook/168495

Encryption and authentication algorithm needs to match in order for IPSEC be successfully
established.

Question: 55

Which three options are the remote log storage options you can configure on FortiGate? (Choose
three.)

A. FortiCache
B. FortiSIEM
C. FortiAnalyzer

D. FortiSandbox
E. FortiCloud

Answer: BCE
Explanation:

Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/265052/logging-and-reporting-
overview

Question: 56

A network administrator is configuring a new IPsec VPN tunnel on FortiGate. The remote peer IP
address is dynamic. In addition, the remote peer does not support a dynamic DNS update service.
What type of remote gateway should the administrator configure on FortiGate for the new IPsec VPN
tunnel to work?

A. Static IP Address
B. Dialup User
C. Dynamic DNS
D. Pre-shared Key

Answer: B
Explanation:

Dialup user is used when the remote peer's IP address is unknown. The remote peer whose IP
address is unknown acts as the dialup clien and this is often the case for branch offices and mobile

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VPN clients that use dynamic IP address and no dynamic DNS

Question: 57

An administrator has configured outgoing Interface any in a firewall policy. Which statement is true
about the policy list view?

A. Policy lookup will be disabled.

B. By Sequence view will be disabled.
C. Search option will be disabled
D. Interface Pair view will be disabled.

Answer: D
Explanation:

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD47821

Question: 58

Which statement correctly describes NetAPI polling mode for the FSSO collector agent?

A. The collector agent uses a Windows API to query DCs for user logins.
B. NetAPI polling can increase bandwidth usage in large networks.
C. The collector agent must search security event logs.
D. The NetSession Enum function is used to track user logouts.

Answer: D
Explanation:

FortiGate_Infrastructure_7.0 page 270: "NetAPI: polls temporary sessions created on the DC when a
user logs in or logs out and calls the NetSessionEnum function in Windows."

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD34906

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/microsites/search.do?cmd=displayKC&docType=kc&externalId=FD34906
&sliceId=1

Question: 59

An administrator has configured the following settings:

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What are the two results of this configuration? (Choose two.)

A. Device detection on all interfaces is enforced for 30 minutes.

B. Denied users are blocked for 30 minutes.
C. A session for denied traffic is created.
D. The number of logs generated by denied traffic is reduced.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

ses-denied-traffic
Enable/disable including denied session in the session table.
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.6/cli-reference/20620/config-system-settings

block-session-timer
Duration in seconds for blocked sessions .
integer
Minimum value: 1 Maximum value: 300
30
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Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD46328

Question: 60

In an explicit proxy setup, where is the authentication method and database configured?

A. Proxy Policy
B. Authentication Rule
C. Firewall Policy
D. Authentication scheme

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 61

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In consolidated firewall policies, IPv4 and IPv6 policies are combined in a single consolidated policy.
Instead of separate policies. Which three statements are true about consolidated IPv4 and IPv6
policy configuration? (Choose three.)

A. The IP version of the sources and destinations in a firewall policy must be different.
B. The Incoming Interface. Outgoing Interface. Schedule, and Service fields can be shared with both
IPv4 and IPv6.
C. The policy table in the GUI can be filtered to display policies with IPv4, IPv6 or IPv4 and IPv6
sources and destinations.
D. The IP version of the sources and destinations in a policy must match.
E. The policy table in the GUI will be consolidated to display policies with IPv4 and IPv6 sources and
destinations.

Answer: BDE
Explanation:

Question: 62

Which of the following are valid actions for FortiGuard category based filter in a web filter profile ui
proxy-based inspection mode? (Choose two.)

A. Warning
B. Exempt
C. Allow
D. Learn

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 63

Examine this FortiGate configuration:

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How does the FortiGate handle web proxy traffic coming from the IP address 10.2.1.200 that requires
authorization?

A. It always authorizes the traffic without requiring authentication.

B. It drops the traffic.
C. It authenticates the traffic using the authentication scheme SCHEME2.
D. It authenticates the traffic using the authentication scheme SCHEME1.

Answer: D
Explanation:

"What happens to traffic that requires authorization, but does not match any authentication rule?
The active and passive SSO schemes to use for those cases is defined under config authentication
setting"

Question: 64

Which two types of traffic are managed only by the management VDOM? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGuard web filter queries

B. PKI
C. Traffic shaping
D. DNS

Answer: AD
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.73): "What about traffic originating from FortiGate? Some
system daemons, such as NTP and FortiGuard updates, generate traffic coming from FortiGate. Traffic
coming from FortiGate to those global services originates from the management VDOM. One, and
only one, of the VDOMs on a FortiGate device is assigned the role of the management VDOM. It is
important to note that the management VDOM designation is solely for traffic originated by
FortiGate, such as FortiGuard updates, and has no effect on traffic passing through FortiGate."

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Question: 65

Refer to the exhibit.

Which contains a network diagram and routing table output.

The Student is unable to access Webserver.
What is the cause of the problem and what is the solution for the problem?

A. The first packet sent from Student failed the RPF check.
This issue can be resolved by adding a static route to 10.0.4.0/24 through wan1.
B. The first reply packet for Student failed the RPF check.
This issue can be resolved by adding a static route to 10.0.4.0/24 through wan1.
C. The first reply packet for Student failed the RPF check .
This issue can be resolved by adding a static route to 203.0. 114.24/32 through port3.
D. The first packet sent from Student failed the RPF check.
This issue can be resolved by adding a static route to 203.0. 114.24/32 through port3.

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 66

Which CLI command will display sessions both from client to the proxy and from the proxy to the
servers?

A. diagnose wad session list

B. diagnose wad session list | grep hook-pre&&hook-out
C. diagnose wad session list | grep hook=pre&&hook=out
D. diagnose wad session list | grep "hook=pre"&"hook=out"

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Answer: A
Explanation:

Question: 67

Which three criteria can a FortiGate use to look for a matching firewall policy to process traffic?
(Choose three.)

A. Source defined as Internet Services in the firewall policy.

B. Destination defined as Internet Services in the firewall policy.
C. Highest to lowest priority defined in the firewall policy.
D. Services defined in the firewall policy.
E. Lowest to highest policy ID number.

Answer: ABD
Explanation:

When a packet arrives, how does FortiGate find a matching policy? Each policy has match criteria,
which
you can define using the following objects:
• Incoming Interface
• Outgoing Interface
• Source: IP address, user, internet services
• Destination: IP address or internet services
• Service: IP protocol and port number
• Schedule: Applies during configured times

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD47435

Question: 68

Which scanning technique on FortiGate can be enabled only on the CLI?

A. Heuristics scan
B. Trojan scan
C. Antivirus scan
D. Ransomware scan

Answer: A
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/567568/enabling-
scanning

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Question: 69

Refer to the exhibit to view the application control profile.

Based on the configuration, what will happen to Apple FaceTime?

A. Apple FaceTime will be blocked, based on the Excessive-Bandwidth filter configuration

B. Apple FaceTime will be allowed, based on the Apple filter configuration.
C. Apple FaceTime will be allowed only if the filter in Application and Filter Overrides is set to Learn
D. Apple FaceTime will be allowed, based on the Categories configuration.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Question: 70

An administrator must disable RPF check to investigate an issue.

Which method is best suited to disable RPF without affecting features like antivirus and intrusion
prevention system?

A. Enable asymmetric routing, so the RPF check will be bypassed.

B. Disable the RPF check at the FortiGate interface level for the source check.
C. Disable the RPF check at the FortiGate interface level for the reply check .
D. Enable asymmetric routing at the interface level.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD33955

Question: 71

An administrator is configuring an Ipsec between site A and siteB. The Remotes Gateway setting in

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both sites has been configured as Static IP Address. For site A, the local quick mode selector is 192.
16. 1.0/24 and the remote quick mode selector is 192. 16.2.0/24. How must the administrator
configure the local quick mode selector for site B?

A. 192. 168.3.0/24
B. 192. 168.2.0/24
C. 192. 168. 1.0/24
D. 192. 168.0.0/8

Answer: B
Explanation:

Question: 72

Which of the following statements about central NAT are true? (Choose two.)

A. IP tool references must be removed from existing firewall policies before enabling central NAT .
B. Central NAT can be enabled or disabled from the CLI only.
C. Source NAT, using central NAT, requires at least one central SNAT policy.
D. Destination NAT, using central NAT, requires a VIP object as the destination address in a firewall.

Answer: AB
Explanation:

Question: 73

An employee needs to connect to the office through a high-latency internet connection.

Which SSL VPN setting should the administrator adjust to prevent SSL VPN negotiation failure?

A. idle-timeout
B. login-timeout
C. udp-idle-timer
D. session-ttl

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.222):

"When connected to SSL VPN over high latency connections, FortiGate can time out the client before
the client can finish the negotiation process, such as DNS lookup and time to enter a token. Two new
CLI commands under config vpn ssl settings have been added to address this. The first command
allows you to set up the login timeout, replacing the previous hard timeout value. The second
command allows you to set up the maximum DTLS hello timeout for SSL VPN connections."

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Question: 74

An administrator observes that the port1 interface cannot be configured with an IP address. What
can be the reasons for that? (Choose three.)

A. The interface has been configured for one-arm sniffer.

B. The interface is a member of a virtual wire pair.
C. The operation mode is transparent.
D. The interface is a member of a zone.
E. Captive portal is enabled in the interface.

Answer: ABC
Explanation:

https://help.fortinet.com/fos50hlp/54/Content/FortiOS/fortigate-whats-new-
54/Top_VirtualWirePair.htm

Question: 75

Which two statements are correct about a software switch on FortiGate? (Choose two.)

A. It can be configured only when FortiGate is operating in NAT mode

B. Can act as a Layer 2 switch as well as a Layer 3 router
C. All interfaces in the software switch share the same IP address
D. It can group only physical interfaces

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 76

Which two statements are correct regarding FortiGate FSSO agentless polling mode? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGate points the collector agent to use a remote LDAP server.

B. FortiGate uses the AD server as the collector agent.
C. FortiGate uses the SMB protocol to read the event viewer logs from the DCs.
D. FortiGate queries AD by using the LDAP to retrieve user group information.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

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Fortigate Infrastructure 7.0 Study Guide P.272-273

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD47732

Question: 77

What is the limitation of using a URL list and application control on the same firewall policy, in NGFW
policy-based mode?

A. It limits the scope of application control to the browser-based technology category only.
B. It limits the scope of application control to scan application traffic based on application category
only.
C. It limits the scope of application control to scan application traffic using parent signatures only
D. It limits the scope of application control to scan application traffic on DNS protocol only.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Question: 78

Examine this output from a debug flow:

Why did the FortiGate drop the packet?

A. The next-hop IP address is unreachable.

B. It failed the RPF check .
C. It matched an explicitly configured firewall policy with the action DENY.
D. It matched the default implicit firewall policy.

Answer: D
Explanation:

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=13900

https://www.fortinetguru.com/2016/03/what-is-policy-id-0-and-why-lot-of-denied-traffic-on-this-
policy/

Question: 79

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Which three security features require the intrusion prevention system (IPS) engine to function?
(Choose three.)

A. Web filter in flow-based inspection

B. Antivirus in flow-based inspection
C. DNS filter
D. Web application firewall
E. Application control

Answer: ABE
Explanation:

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/new-features/739623/dns-filter-handled-by-
ips-engine-in-flow-mode

Question: 80

Which of the following statements about backing up logs from the CLI and downloading logs from
the GUI are true? (Choose two.)

A. Log downloads from the GUI are limited to the current filter view
B. Log backups from the CLI cannot be restored to another FortiGate.
C. Log backups from the CLI can be configured to upload to FTP as a scheduled time
D. Log downloads from the GUI are stored as LZ4 compressed files.

Answer: AB
Explanation:

Question: 81

An administrator needs to increase network bandwidth and provide redundancy.

What interface type must the administrator select to bind multiple FortiGate interfaces?

A. VLAN interface
B. Software Switch interface
C. Aggregate interface
D. Redundant interface

Answer: C
Explanation:

An aggregate interface is a logical interface that combines two or more physical interfaces into one
virtual interface1. An aggregate interface can increase network bandwidth and provide redundancy
by distributing traffic across multiple physical interfaces using a load balancing algorithm1. An
aggregate interface can also support link aggregation control protocol (LACP) to negotiate the link

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aggregation settings with the connected device1.

Reference: https://forum.fortinet.com/tm .aspx?m=120324

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.0/cookbook/567758/aggregation-and-redundancy

Question: 82

Refer to the exhibit.

An administrator added a configuration for a new RADIUS server. While configuring, the
administrator selected the Include in every user group option.

What is the impact of using the Include in every user group option in a RADIUS configuration?

A. This option places the RADIUS server, and all users who can authenticate against that server, into
every FortiGate user group.
B. This option places all FortiGate users and groups required to authenticate into the RADIUS server,
which, in this case, is FortiAuthenticator.
C. This option places all users into every RADIUS user group, including groups that are used for the
LDAP server on FortiGate.
D. This option places the RADIUS server, and all users who can authenticate against that server, into
every RADIUS group.

Answer: A

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Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/634373/authentication-
servers

Question: 83

Refer to the exhibit.

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The exhibit contains a network diagram, central SNAT policy, and IP pool configuration.
The WAN (port1) interface has the IP address 10.200. 1. 1/24.
The LAN (port3) interface has the IP address 10.0. 1.254/24.
A firewall policy is configured to allow to destinations from LAN (port3) to WAN (port1).
Central NAT is enabled, so NAT settings from matching Central SNAT policies will be applied.
Which IP address will be used to source NAT the traffic, if the user on Local-Client (10.0. 1. 10) pings
the IP address of Remote-FortiGate (10.200.3. 1)?

A. 10.200. 1. 149
B. 10.200. 1. 1
C. 10.200. 1.49
D. 10.200. 1.99

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 84

Refer to the exhibit.

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Based on the administrator profile settings, what permissions must the administrator set to run the
diagnose firewall auth list CLI command on FortiGate?

A. Custom permission for Network

B. Read/Write permission for Log & Report
C. CLI diagnostics commands permission
D. Read/Write permission for Firewall

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Answer: C
Explanation:

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD50220

Question: 85

Refer to the exhibits.

The exhibits show a network diagram and firewall configurations.

An administrator created a Deny policy with default settings to deny Webserver access for Remote-
User2. Remote-User1 must be able to access the Webserver. Remote-User2 must not be able to
access the Webserver.

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In this scenario, which two changes can the administrator make to deny Webserver access for
Remote-User2? (Choose two.)

A. Disable match-vip in the Deny policy.

B. Set the Destination address as Deny_IP in the Allow-access policy.
C. Enable match vip in the Deny policy.
D. Set the Destination address as Web_server in the Deny policy.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Firewall-does-not-block-incoming-WAN-
to-LAN/ta-p/189641

The exhibits show a network diagram and firewall configurations for a FortiGate unit that has two
policies: Allow_access and Deny. The Allow_access policy allows traffic from the WAN (port1)
interface to the LAN (port3) interface with the destination address of VIP and the service of HTTPS.
The VIP object maps the external IP address 10.200.1.10 and port 10443 to the internal IP address
10.0.1.10 and port 443 of the Webserver. The Deny policy denies traffic from the WAN (port1)
interface to the LAN (port3) interface with the source address of Deny_IP and the destination address
of All.
In this scenario, the administrator wants to deny Webserver access for Remote-User2, who has the IP
address 10.200.3.2, which is included in the Deny_IP address object. Remote-User1, who has the IP
address 10.200.3.1, must be able to access the Webserver.
To achieve this goal, the administrator can make two changes to deny Webserver access for Remote-
User2:
Set the Destination address as Webserver in the Deny policy. This will make the Deny policy more

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specific and match only the traffic that is destined for the Webserver’s internal IP address, instead of
any destination address.
Enable match-vip in the Deny policy. This will make the Deny policy apply to traffic that matches a VIP
object, instead of ignoring it1. This way, the Deny policy will block Remote-User2’s traffic that uses
the VIP object’s external IP address and port.

Question: 86

An administrator is running the following sniffer command:

Which three pieces of Information will be Included in me sniffer output? {Choose three.)

A. Interface name
B. Packet payload
C. Ethernet header
D. IP header
E. Application header

Answer: ABD
Explanation:

Question: 87

Refer to the exhibit.

Refer to the FortiGuard connection debug output.

Based on the output shown in the exhibit, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. A local FortiManager is one of the servers FortiGate communicates with.

B. One server was contacted to retrieve the contract information.
C. There is at least one server that lost packets consecutively.
D. FortiGate is using default FortiGuard communication settings.

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Answer: BD
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.287-288): "Flags: D (IP returned from DNS), I (Contract server
contacted), T (being timed), F (failed)" "By default, FortiGate is configured to enforce the use of
HTTPS port 443 to perform live filtering with FortiGuard or FortiManager. Other ports and protocols
are available by disabling the FortiGuard anycast setting on the CLI."

Question: 88

FortiGate is operating in NAT mode and is configured with two virtual LAN (VLAN) subinterfaces
added to the same physical interface.
In this scenario, what are two requirements for the VLAN ID? (Choose two.)

A. The two VLAN subinterfaces can have the same VLAN ID, only if they have IP addresses in the
same subnet.
B. The two VLAN subinterfaces can have the same VLAN ID, only if they belong to different VDOMs.
C. The two VLAN subinterfaces must have different VLAN IDs.
D. The two VLAN subinterfaces can have the same VLAN ID, only if they have IP addresses in different
subnets.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Note-How-to-use-emac-vlan-to-share-the-
same-VLAN/ta-p/192843?externalID=FD43883

When FortiGate is operating in NAT mode, it means that it uses network address translation (NAT) to
modify the source or destination IP addresses of the traffic passing through it1. NAT mode allows
FortiGate to hide the IP addresses of the internal network from the external network, and to
conserve IP addresses by using a single public IP address for multiple private IP addresses1.
A virtual LAN (VLAN) subinterface is a logical interface that allows traffic from different VLANs to
enter and exit the FortiGate unit2. A VLAN subinterface is created by adding a VLAN ID to a physical
interface or an aggregate interface2. A VLAN ID is a numerical identifier that distinguishes one VLAN
from another2.
In this scenario, there are two requirements for the VLAN ID of the VLAN subinterfaces added to the
same physical interface:
The two VLAN subinterfaces must have different VLAN IDs. This is because the VLAN ID is used to tag
the traffic with the appropriate VLAN information, and to separate the traffic into different VLANs2. If
the two VLAN subinterfaces have the same VLAN ID, they will not be able to distinguish the traffic
from each other, and they will not be able to forward the traffic to the correct destination.
The two VLAN subinterfaces can have the same VLAN ID, only if they belong to different VDOMs. This
is because VDOMs are virtual instances of FortiGate that can have their own interfaces, policies, and
routing tables3. Each VDOM operates independently from other VDOMs, and can have its own VLAN
subinterfaces with different or identical VLAN IDs3. However, this requires inter-VDOM links to allow

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traffic between different VDOMs3.

Question: 89

Which of the following SD-WAN load balancing method use interface weight value to distribute
traffic? (Choose two.)

A. Source IP
B. Spillover
C. Volume
D. Session

Answer: CD
Explanation:

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/49719/configuring-sd-wan-load-
balancing

Question: 90

What is the effect of enabling auto-negotiate on the phase 2 configuration of an IPsec tunnel?

A. FortiGate automatically negotiates different local and remote addresses with the remote peer.
B. FortiGate automatically negotiates a new security association after the existing security
association expires.
C. FortiGate automatically negotiates different encryption and authentication algorithms with the
remote peer.
D. FortiGate automatically brings up the IPsec tunnel and keeps it up, regardless of activity on the
IPsec tunnel.

Answer: D
Explanation:

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=12069

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.264): "...then FortiGate might drop interesting traffic
because of the absence of active SAs. To prevent this, you can enable Auto-negotiate. When you do
this, FortiGate not only negotiates new SAs before the current SAs expire, but it also starts using the
new SAs right away." "Another benefit of enabling Auto-negotiate is that the tunnel comes up and
stays up automatically, even when there is no interesting traffic. When you enable Autokey Keep
Alive and keep Auto-negotiate disabled, the tunnel does not come up automatically unless there is
interesting traffic. However, after the tunnel is up, it stays that way because FortiGate periodically
sends keep alive packets over the tunnel. Note that when you enable Auto-negotiate, Autokey Keep
Alive is implicitly enabled."

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Question: 91

If the Services field is configured in a Virtual IP (VIP), which statement is true when central NAT is
used?

A. The Services field prevents SNAT and DNAT from being combined in the same policy.
B. The Services field is used when you need to bundle several VIPs into VIP groups.
C. The Services field removes the requirement to create multiple VIPs for different services.
D. The Services field prevents multiple sources of traffic from using multiple services to connect to a
single computer.

Answer: C
Explanation:

Question: 92

In which two ways can RPF checking be disabled? (Choose two )

A. Enable anti-replay in firewall policy.

B. Disable the RPF check at the FortiGate interface level for the source check
C. Enable asymmetric routing.
D. Disable strict-arc-check under system settings.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD33955

Question: 93

Which feature in the Security Fabric takes one or more actions based on event triggers?

A. Fabric Connectors
B. Automation Stitches
C. Security Rating
D. Logical Topology

Answer: B
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.0/cookbook/286973/fortinet-security-
fabric

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Question: 94

Consider the topology:

Application on a Windows machine <--{SSL VPN} -->FGT--> Telnet to Linux server.
An administrator is investigating a problem where an application establishes a Telnet session to a
Linux server over the SSL VPN through FortiGate and the idle session times out after about 90
minutes. The administrator would like to increase or disable this timeout.
The administrator has already verified that the issue is not caused by the application or Linux server.
This issue does not happen when the application establishes a Telnet connection to the Linux server
directly on the LAN.
What two changes can the administrator make to resolve the issue without affecting services running
through FortiGate? (Choose two.)

A. Set the maximum session TTL value for the TELNET service object.
B. Set the session TTL on the SSLVPN policy to maximum, so the idle session timeout will not happen
after 90 minutes.
C. Create a new service object for TELNET and set the maximum session TTL.
D. Create a new firewall policy and place it above the existing SSLVPN policy for the SSL VPN traffic,
and set the new TELNET service object in the policy.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Question: 95

Which statements best describe auto discovery VPN (ADVPN). (Choose two.)

A. It requires the use of dynamic routing protocols so that spokes can learn the routes to other
spokes.
B. ADVPN is only supported with IKEv2.
C. Tunnels are negotiated dynamically between spokes.
D. Every spoke requires a static tunnel to be configured to other spokes so that phase 1 and phase 2
proposals are defined in advance.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 96

FortiGate is configured as a policy-based next-generation firewall (NGFW) and is applying web

filtering and application control directly on the security policy. Which two other security profiles can
you apply to the security policy? (Choose two.)

A. Antivirus scanning

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B. File filter
C. DNS filter
D. Intrusion prevention

Answer: AD
Explanation:

Question: 97

Refer to the exhibit.

Based on the raw log, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. Traffic is blocked because Action is set to DENY in the firewall policy.

B. Traffic belongs to the root VDOM.
C. This is a security log.
D. Log severity is set to error on FortiGate.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 98

To complete the final step of a Security Fabric configuration, an administrator must authorize all the
devices on
which device?

A. FortiManager
B. Root FortiGate
C. FortiAnalyzer
D. Downstream FortiGate

Answer: B
Explanation:

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Question: 99

View the exhibit.

Which of the following statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. This setup requires at least two firewall policies with the action set to IPsec.
B. Dead peer detection must be disabled to support this type of IPsec setup.
C. The TunnelB route is the primary route for reaching the remote site. The TunnelA route is used
only if the TunnelB VPN is down.
D. This is a redundant IPsec setup.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.4/cookbook/632796/ospf-with-ipsec-vpn-for-
network-redundancy

Question: 100

Examine the exhibit, which contains a virtual IP and firewall policy configuration.

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The WAN (port1) interface has the IP address 10.200. 1. 1/24. The LAN (port2) interface has the IP
address 10.0. 1.254/24.
The first firewall policy has NAT enabled on the outgoing interface address. The second firewall policy
is configured with a VIP as the destination address. Which IP address will be used to source NAT the
Internet traffic coming from a workstation with the IP address 10.0. 1. 10/24?

A. 10.200. 1. 10
B. Any available IP address in the WAN (port1) subnet 10.200. 1.0/24
66 of 108
C. 10.200. 1. 1
D. 10.0. 1.254

Answer: A
Explanation:

https://help.fortinet.com/fos50hlp/54/Content/FortiOS/fortigate-firewall-
52/Firewall%20Objects/Virtual%20IPs.

Question: 101

Which two actions can you perform only from the root FortiGate in a Security Fabric? (Choose two.)

A. Shut down/reboot a downstream FortiGate device.

B. Disable FortiAnalyzer logging for a downstream FortiGate device.
C. Log in to a downstream FortiSwitch device.
D. Ban or unban compromised hosts.

Answer: AB
Explanation:

Question: 102

What is the limitation of using a URL list and application control on the same firewall policy, in NGFW
policy-based mode?

A. It limits the scanning of application traffic to the DNS protocol only.

B. It limits the scanning of application traffic to use parent signatures only.
C. It limits the scanning of application traffic to the browser-based technology category only.
D. It limits the scanning of application traffic to the application category only.

Answer: C
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.317): "You can configure the URL Category within the same
security policy; however, adding a URL filter causes application control to scan applications in only

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the browser-based technology category, for example, Facebook Messenger on the Facebook
website."

Question: 103

Why does FortiGate keep TCP sessions in the session table for some seconds even after both sides
(client and server) have terminated the session?

A. To remove the NAT operation.

B. To generate logs
C. To finish any inspection operations.
D. To allow for out-of-order packets that could arrive after the FIN/ACK packets.

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 104

Refer to the exhibit, which contains a session diagnostic output.

Which statement is true about the session diagnostic output?

A. The session is a UDP unidirectional state.

B. The session is in TCP ESTABLISHED state.
C. The session is a bidirectional UDP connection.
D. The session is a bidirectional TCP connection.

Answer: C
Explanation:

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https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/viewContent.do?externalId=FD30042

Question: 105

Which two statements are correct regarding FortiGate HA cluster virtual IP addresses? (Choose two.)

A. Heartbeat interfaces have virtual IP addresses that are manually assigned.

B. A change in the virtual IP address happens when a FortiGate device joins or leaves the cluster.
C. Virtual IP addresses are used to distinguish between cluster members.
D. The primary device in the cluster is always assigned IP address 169.254.0.1.

Answer: BD
Explanation:

Question: 106

The HTTP inspection process in web filtering follows a specific order when multiple features are
enabled in the web filter profile. What order must FortiGate use when the web filter profile has
features enabled, such as safe search?

A. DNS-based web filter and proxy-based web filter

B. Static URL filter, FortiGuard category filter, and advanced filters
C. Static domain filter, SSL inspection filter, and external connectors filters
D. FortiGuard category filter and rating filter

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.285): "Remember that the web filtering profile has several
features. So, if you have enabled many of them, the inspection order flows as follows: 1. The local
static URL filter 2. FortiGuard category filtering (to determine a rating) 3. Advanced filters (such as
safe search or removing Active X components)"

Reference: https://fortinet121.rssing.com/chan-67705148/all_p1.html

Question: 107

If Internet Service is already selected as Source in a firewall policy, which other configuration objects
can be added to the Source filed of a firewall policy?

A. IP address
B. Once Internet Service is selected, no other object can be added
C. User or User Group

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D. FQDN address

Answer: B
Explanation:

Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.5/cookbook/179236/using-internet-service-in-
policy

Question: 108

Which statement about the IP authentication header (AH) used by IPsec is true?

A. AH does not provide any data integrity or encryption.

B. AH does not support perfect forward secrecy.
C. AH provides data integrity bur no encryption.
D. AH provides strong data integrity but weak encryption.

Answer: C
Explanation:

Question: 109

When a firewall policy is created, which attribute is added to the policy to support recording logs to a
FortiAnalyzer or a FortiManager and improves functionality when a FortiGate is integrated with
these devices?

A. Log ID
B. Universally Unique Identifier
C. Policy ID
D. Sequence ID

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.67): "When creating firewall objects or policies, a universally
unique identifier (UUID) attribute is added so that logs can record these UUIDs and improve
functionality when integrating with FortiManager or FortiAnalyzer."

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.0.0/handbook/554066/firewall-policies

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Question: 110

Which statements about the firmware upgrade process on an active-active HA cluster are true?
(Choose two.)

A. The firmware image must be manually uploaded to each FortiGate.

B. Only secondary FortiGate devices are rebooted.
C. Uninterruptable upgrade is enabled by default.
D. Traffic load balancing is temporally disabled while upgrading the firmware.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Question: 111

Which two statements ate true about the Security Fabric rating? (Choose two.)

A. It provides executive summaries of the four largest areas of security focus.

B. Many of the security issues can be fixed immediately by clicking Apply where available.
C. The Security Fabric rating must be run on the root FortiGate device in the Security Fabric.
D. The Security Fabric rating is a free service that comes bundled with alt FortiGate devices.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.4.0/administration-
guide/292634/security-rating

Question: 112

An administrator has configured two-factor authentication to strengthen SSL VPN access. Which
additional best practice can an administrator implement?

A. Configure Source IP Pools.

B. Configure split tunneling in tunnel mode.
C. Configure different SSL VPN realms.
D. Configure host check .

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Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 113

Which of the following conditions must be met in order for a web browser to trust a web server
certificate signed by a third-party CA?

A. The public key of the web server certificate must be installed on the browser.
B. The web-server certificate must be installed on the browser.
C. The CA certificate that signed the web-server certificate must be installed on the browser.
D. The private key of the CA certificate that signed the browser certificate must be installed on the
browser.

Answer: C
Explanation:

Question: 114

A network administrator is troubleshooting an IPsec tunnel between two FortiGate devices. The
administrator has determined that phase 1 fails to come up. The administrator has also re-entered
the pre-shared key on both FortiGate devices to make sure they match.

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Based on the phase 1 configuration and the diagram shown in the exhibit, which two configuration
changes will bring phase 1 up? (Choose two.)

A. On HQ-FortiGate, set IKE mode to Main (ID protection).

B. On both FortiGate devices, set Dead Peer Detection to On Demand.
C. On HQ-FortiGate, disable Diffie-Helman group 2.
D. On Remote-FortiGate, set port2 as Interface.

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Answer: AD
Explanation:

"In IKEv1, there are two possible modes in which the IKE SA negotiation can take place: main, and
aggressive mode. Settings on both ends must agree; otherwise, phase 1 negotiation fails and both
IPsec peers are not able to establish a secure channel."

Question: 115

Which of the following are purposes of NAT traversal in IPsec? (Choose two.)

A. To detect intermediary NAT devices in the tunnel path.

B. To dynamically change phase 1 negotiation mode aggressive mode.
C. To encapsulation ESP packets in UDP packets using port 4500.
D. To force a new DH exchange with each phase 2 rekey.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 116

An administrator has a requirement to keep an application session from timing out on port 80. What
two changes can the administrator make to resolve the issue without affecting any existing services
running through FortiGate? (Choose two.)

A. Create a new firewall policy with the new HTTP service and place it above the existing HTTP policy.
B. Create a new service object for HTTP service and set the session TTL to never
C. Set the TTL value to never under config system-ttl
D. Set the session TTL on the HTTP policy to maximum

Answer: BC
Explanation:

Question: 117

A team manager has decided that, while some members of the team need access to a particular
website, the majority of the team does not Which configuration option is the most effective way to
support this request?

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A. Implement a web filter category override for the specified website

B. Implement a DNS filter for the specified website.
C. Implement web filter quotas for the specified website
D. Implement web filter authentication for the specified website.

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 118

A network administrator has enabled full SSL inspection and web filtering on FortiGate. When
visiting any HTTPS websites, the browser reports certificate warning errors. When visiting HTTP
websites, the browser does not report errors.

What is the reason for the certificate warning errors?

A. The matching firewall policy is set to proxy inspection mode.

B. The certificate used by FortiGate for SSL inspection does not contain the required certificate
extensions.
C. The full SSL inspection feature does not have a valid license.
D. The browser does not trust the certificate used by FortiGate for SSL inspection.

Answer: D
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.235): "If FortiGate receives a trusted SSL certificate, then it
generates a temporary certificate signed by the built-in Fortinet_CA_SSL certificate and sends it to
the browser. If the browser trusts the Fortinet_CA_SSL certificate, the browser completes the SSL
handshake. Otherwise, the browser also presents a warning message informing the user that the site
is untrusted. In other words, for this function to work as intended, you must import the
Fortinet_CA_SSL certificate into the trusted root CA certificate store of your browser."

Question: 119

Which certificate value can FortiGate use to determine the relationship between the issuer and the
certificate?

A. Subject Key Identifier value

B. SMMIE Capabilities value
C. Subject value

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D. Subject Alternative Name value

Answer: A
Explanation:

Question: 120

Which two statements are true about the RPF check? (Choose two.)

A. The RPF check is run on the first sent packet of any new session.
B. The RPF check is run on the first reply packet of any new session.
C. The RPF check is run on the first sent and reply packet of any new session.
D. RPF is a mechanism that protects FortiGate and your network from IP spoofing attacks.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

Reference: https://www.programmersought.com/article/16383871634/

Question: 121

Which two protocol options are available on the CLI but not on the GUI when configuring an SD-WAN
Performance SLA? (Choose two.)

A. DNS
B. ping
C. udp-echo
D. TWAMP

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Question: 122

An administrator needs to configure VPN user access for multiple sites using the same soft
FortiToken. Each site has a FortiGate VPN gateway. What must an administrator do to achieve this
objective?

A. The administrator can register the same FortiToken on more than one FortiGate.
B. The administrator must use a FortiAuthenticator device
C. The administrator can use a third-party radius OTP server.
D. The administrator must use the user self-registration server.

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Answer: B
Explanation:

Question: 123

Which two statements are true when FortiGate is in transparent mode? (Choose two.)

A. By default, all interfaces are part of the same broadcast domain.

B. The existing network IP schema must be changed when installing a transparent mode.
C. Static routes are required to allow traffic to the next hop.
D. FortiGate forwards frames without changing the MAC address.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/viewAttachment.do?

attachID=Fortigate_Transparent_Mode_Technical_Guide_FortiOS_4_0_version1.2.pdf&documentID=
FD33113

Question: 124

Which three CLI commands can you use to troubleshoot Layer 3 issues if the issue is in neither the
physical layer nor the link layer? (Choose three.)

A. diagnose sys top

B. execute ping
C. execute traceroute
D. diagnose sniffer packet any
E. get system arp

Answer: BCD
Explanation:

Question: 125

Examine this PAC file configuration.

Which of the following statements are true? (Choose two.)

A. Browsers can be configured to retrieve this PAC file from the FortiGate.
B. Any web request to the 172.25. 120.0/24 subnet is allowed to bypass the proxy.
C. All requests not made to Fortinet.com or the 172.25. 120.0/24 subnet, have to go through

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altproxy.corp.com: 8060.
D. Any web request fortinet.com is allowed to bypass the proxy.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

Question: 126

If the Issuer and Subject values are the same in a digital certificate, which type of entity was the
certificate issued to?

A. A CRL
B. A person
C. A subordinate CA
D. A root CA

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 127

Which three statements are true regarding session-based authentication? (Choose three.)

A. HTTP sessions are treated as a single user.

B. IP sessions from the same source IP address are treated as a single user.
C. It can differentiate among multiple clients behind the same source IP address.
D. It requires more resources.
E. It is not recommended if multiple users are behind the source NAT

Answer: ACD
Explanation:

Question: 128

Which statement regarding the firewall policy authentication timeout is true?

A. It is an idle timeout. The FortiGate considers a user to be "idle" if it does not see any packets
coming from the user's source IP.
B. It is a hard timeout. The FortiGate removes the temporary policy for a user's source IP address
after this timer has expired.
C. It is an idle timeout. The FortiGate considers a user to be "idle" if it does not see any packets

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coming from the user's source MAC.

D. It is a hard timeout. The FortiGate removes the temporary policy for a user's source MAC address
after this timer has expired.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Question: 129

Which of statement is true about SSL VPN web mode?

A. The tunnel is up while the client is connected.

B. It supports a limited number of protocols.
C. The external network application sends data through the VPN.
D. It assigns a virtual IP address to the client.

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate_Security_6.4 page 575 - Web mode requires only a web browser, but supports a limited
number of protocols.

Question: 130

What inspection mode does FortiGate use if it is configured as a policy-based next-generation

firewall (NGFW)?

A. Full Content inspection

B. Proxy-based inspection
C. Certificate inspection
D. Flow-based inspection

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 131

Which of the following are valid actions for FortiGuard category based filter in a web filter profile ui

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proxy-based inspection mode? (Choose two.)

A. Warning
B. Exempt
C. Allow
D. Learn

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 132

Which two types of traffic are managed only by the management VDOM? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGuard web filter queries

B. PKI
C. Traffic shaping
D. DNS

Answer: AD
Explanation:

Question: 133

Which two types of traffic are managed only by the management VDOM? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGuard web filter queries

B. PKI
C. Traffic shaping
D. DNS

Answer: AD
Explanation:

Question: 134

Which CLI command will display sessions both from client to the proxy and from the proxy to the
servers?

A. diagnose wad session list

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B. diagnose wad session list | grep hook-pre&&hook-out

C. diagnose wad session list | grep hook=pre&&hook=out
D. diagnose wad session list | grep "hook=pre"&"hook=out"

Answer: A
Explanation:

Question: 135

Which statements best describe auto discovery VPN (ADVPN). (Choose two.)

A. It requires the use of dynamic routing protocols so that spokes can learn the routes to other
spokes.
B. ADVPN is only supported with IKEv2.
C. Tunnels are negotiated dynamically between spokes.
D. Every spoke requires a static tunnel to be configured to other spokes so that phase 1 and phase 2
proposals are defined in advance.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

Question: 136

Which of the following statements is true regarding SSL VPN settings for an SSL VPN portal?

A. By default, FortiGate uses WINS servers to resolve names.

B. By default, the SSL VPN portal requires the installation of a client's certificate.
C. By default, split tunneling is enabled.
D. By default, the admin GUI and SSL VPN portal use the same HTTPS port.

Answer: D
Explanation:

Question: 137

Refer to the exhibits.

The exhibits show the firewall policies and the objects used in the firewall policies.

The administrator is using the Policy Lookup feature and has entered the search criteria shown in the
exhibit.

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Which policy will be highlighted, based on the input criteria?

A. Policy with ID 4.
B. Policy with ID 5.
C. Policies with ID 2 and 3.
D. Policy with ID 4.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.12/cookbook/497952/policy-views-
and-policy-lookup

We are looking for a policy that will allow or deny traffic from the source interface Port3 and source
IP address 10.1.1.10 (LOCAL_CLIENT) to facebook.com TCP port 443 (HTTPS). There are only two
policies that will match this traffic, policy ID 2 and 5. In FortiGate, firewall policies are evaluated from
top to bottom. This means that the first policy that matches the traffic is applied, and subsequent
policies are not evaluated. Based on the Policy Lookup criteria, Policy ID 5 will be highlighted

Question: 138

FortiGate is operating in NAT mode and is configured with two virtual LAN (VLAN) subinterfaces
added to the same physical interface.
In this scenario, which statement about VLAN IDs is true?

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A. The two VLAN subinterfaces can have the same VLAN ID only if they belong to different VDOMs.
B. The two VLAN subinterfaces must have different VLAN IDs.
C. The two VLAN subinterfaces can have the same VLAN ID only if they have IP addresses in the same
subnet.
D. The two VLAN subinterfaces can have the same VLAN ID only if they have IP addresses in different
subnets.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.12/cookbook/402940/vlans

Question: 139

Which statement correctly describes the use of reliable logging on FortiGate?

A. Reliable logging is enabled by default in all configuration scenarios.

B. Reliable logging is required to encrypt the transmission of logs.
C. Reliable logging can be configured only using the CLI.
D. Reliable logging prevents the loss of logs when the local disk is full.

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.192): "if using reliable logging, you can encrypt
communications using SSL-encrypted OFTP traffic, so when a log message is generated, it is safely
transmitted across an unsecure network. You can choose the level of SSL protection used by
configuring the enc-algorithm setting on the CLI."

Question: 140

Refer to the exhibit.

The exhibit shows a diagram of a FortiGate device connected to the network, the firewall policy and
VIP configuration on the FortiGate device, and the routing table on the ISP router.

When the administrator tries to access the web server public address (203.0.113.2) from the
internet, the connection times out. At the same time, the administrator runs a sniffer on FortiGate to
capture incoming web traffic to the server and does not see any output.

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Based on the information shown in the exhibit, what configuration change must the administrator
make to fix the connectivity issue?

A. Configure a loopback interface with address 203.0.113.2/32.

B. In the VIP configuration, enable arp-reply.
C. Enable port forwarding on the server to map the external service port to the internal service port.
D. In the firewall policy configuration, enable match-vip.

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.115): "Enabling ARP reply is usually not required in most
networks because the routing tables on the adjacent devices contain the correct next hop
information, so the networks are reachable. However, sometimes the routing configuration is not
fully correct, and having ARP reply enabled can solve the issue for you. For this reason, it’s a best
practice to keep ARP reply enabled."

Question: 141

What are two benefits of flow-based inspection compared to proxy-based inspection? (Choose two.)

A. FortiGate uses fewer resources.

B. FortiGate performs a more exhaustive inspection on traffic.
C. FortiGate adds less latency to traffic.
D. FortiGate allocates two sessions per connection.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

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Reference: https://community.fortinet.com/t5/Support-Forum/Proxy-based-vs-Flow-based-
Inspection-Mode-for-Web-Filter/m-p/19204

Flow-based inspection is a type of traffic inspection that is used by some firewall devices, including
FortiGate, to analyze network traffic. It is designed to be more efficient and less resource-intensive
than proxy-based inspection, and it offers several benefits over this approach.

Two benefits of flow-based inspection compared to proxy-based inspection are:

FortiGate uses fewer resources: Flow-based inspection uses fewer resources than proxy-based
inspection, which can help to improve the performance of the firewall device and reduce the impact
on overall system performance.

FortiGate adds less latency to traffic: Flow-based inspection adds less latency to traffic than proxy-
based inspection, which can be important for real-time applications or other types of traffic that
require low latency.

Question: 142

Refer to exhibit.

An administrator configured the web filtering profile shown in the exhibit to block access to all social
networking sites except Twitter. However, when users try to access twitter.com, they are redirected
to a FortiGuard web filtering block page.

Based on the exhibit, which configuration change can the administrator make to allow Twitter while
blocking all other social networking sites?

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A. On the FortiGuard Category Based Filter configuration, set Action to Warning for Social
Networking
B. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Type to Simple
C. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Exempt.
D. On the Static URL Filter configuration, set Action to Monitor.

Answer: C
Explanation:

Reference: https://fortinet77.rssing.com/chan-56127603/article113.html

Based on the exhibit, the administrator has configured the FortiGuard Category Based Filter to block
access to all social networking sites, and has also configured a Static URL Filter to block access to
twitter.com. As a result, users are being redirected to a block page when they try to access
twitter.com. To allow users to access twitter.com while blocking all other social networking sites, the
administrator can make the following configuration change: On the Static URL Filter configuration,
set Action to Exempt: By setting the Action to Exempt, the administrator can override the block on
twitter.com that was specified in the FortiGuard Category Based Filter. This will allow users to access
twitter.com, while all other social networking sites will still be blocked.

Question: 143

What are two functions of ZTNA? (Choose two.)

A. ZTNA manages access through the client only.

B. ZTNA manages access for remote users only.
C. ZTNA provides a security posture check.
D. ZTNA provides role-based access.

Answer: CD
Explanation:

Reference: https://fortinetweb.s3.amazonaws.com/docs.fortinet.com/v2/attachments/8ddfc8d2-
9b21-11ec-9fd1-fa163e15d75b/Zero_Trust_Network_Access-7.0-Deployment_Guide.pdf

ZTNA (Zero Trust Network Access) is a security architecture that is designed to provide secure access
to network resources for users, devices, and applications. It is based on the principle of "never trust,
always verify," which means that all access to network resources is subject to strict verification and
authentication.

Two functions of ZTNA are:

ZTNA provides a security posture check: ZTNA checks the security posture of devices and users that
are attempting to access network resources. This can include checks on the device's software and
hardware configurations, security settings, and the presence of malware.

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ZTNA provides role-based access: ZTNA controls access to network resources based on the role of the
user or device. Users and devices are granted access to only those resources that are necessary for
their role, and all other access is denied. This helps to prevent unauthorized access and minimize the
risk of data breaches.

Question: 144

Which timeout setting can be responsible for deleting SSL VPN associated sessions?

A. SSL VPN idle-timeout

B. SSL VPN http-request-body-timeout
C. SSL VPN login-timeout
D. SSL VPN dtls-hello-timeout

Answer: A
Explanation:

Reference: https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-SSL-VPN-disconnection-
issues-when-connected-with/ta-
p/207851#:~:text=By%20default%2C%20a%20SSL%2DVPN,hours%20due%20to%20auth%2Dtimeout

The SSL VPN idle-timeout setting determines how long an SSL VPN session can be inactive before it is
terminated. When an SSL VPN session becomes inactive (for example, if the user closes the VPN
client or disconnects from the network), the session timer begins to count down. If the timer reaches
the idle-timeout value before the user reconnects or sends any new traffic, the session will be
terminated and the associated resources (such as VPN tunnels and virtual interfaces) will be deleted.

Question: 145

Which statement is correct regarding the use of application control for inspecting web applications?

A. Application control can identity child and parent applications, and perform different actions on
them.
B. Application control signatures are organized in a nonhierarchical structure.
C. Application control does not require SSL inspection to identity web applications.
D. Application control does not display a replacement message for a blocked web application.

Answer: A
Explanation:

Application control is a feature that allows FortiGate to inspect and control the use of specific web
applications on the network. When application control is enabled, FortiGate can identify child and
parent applications, and can perform different actions on them based on the configuration.

Question: 146

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Refer to the exhibits.

Exhibit A shows a topology for a FortiGate HA cluster that performs proxy-based inspection on traffic.
Exhibit B shows the HA configuration and the partial output of the get system ha status command.

Based on the exhibits, which two statements about the traffic passing through the cluster are true?
(Choose two.)

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A. For non-load balanced connections, packets forwarded by the cluster to the server contain the
virtual MAC address of port2 as source.
B. The traffic sourced from the client and destined to the server is sent to FGT-1.
C. The cluster can load balance ICMP connections to the secondary.
D. For load balanced connections, the primary encapsulates TCP SYN packets before forwarding
them to the secondary.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.317 & p.320): "To forward traffic correctly, a FortiGate HA
solution uses virtual MAC addresses." "The primary forwards the SYN packet to the selected
secondary. (...) This is also known as MAC address rewrite. In addition, the primary encapsulates the
packet in an Ethernet frame type 0x8891. The encapsulation is done only for the first packet of a load
balanced session. The encapsulated packet includes the original packet plus session information that
the secondary requires to process the traffic."

Question: 147

Refer to the exhibit.

Based on the ZTNA tag, the security posture of the remote endpoint has changed.
What will happen to endpoint active ZTNA sessions?

A. They will be re-evaluated to match the endpoint policy.

B. They will be re-evaluated to match the firewall policy.
C. They will be re-evaluated to match the ZTNA policy.
D. They will be re-evaluated to match the security policy.

Answer: C
Explanation:

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https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/new-features/580880/posture-check-
verification-for-active-ztna-proxy-session-7-0-2

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.182): "Endpoint posture changes trigger active ZTNA
proxy sessions to be re-verified and terminated if the endpoint is no longer compliant with the ZTNA
policy."

Question: 148

Refer to the exhibit.

The exhibit shows a diagram of a FortiGate device connected to the network and the firewall policy
and IP pool configuration on the FortiGate device.

Which two actions does FortiGate take on internet traffic sourced from the subscribers? (Choose
two.)

A. FortiGate allocates port blocks per user, based on the configured range of internal IP addresses.
B. FortiGate allocates port blocks on a first-come, first-served basis.
C. FortiGate generates a system event log for every port block allocation made per user.
D. FortiGate allocates 128 port blocks per user.

Answer: BC
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.109): "FortiGate allocates port blocks on a first-come, first-

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served basis." "For logging purposes, when FortiGate allocates a port block to a host, it generates a
system event log to inform the administrator."

Question: 149

Which statement about video filtering on FortiGate is true?

A. Video filtering FortiGuard categories are based on web filter FortiGuard categories.
B. It does not require a separate FortiGuard license.
C. Full SSL inspection is not required.
D. its available only on a proxy-based firewall policy.

Answer: D
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.279): "To apply the video filter profile, proxy-based firewall
polices currently allow you to enable the video filter profile. You must enable full SSL inspection on
the firewall policy."
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.4/administration-guide/860867/filtering-based-
on-fortiguard-categories

Question: 150

Which statement describes a characteristic of automation stitches?

A. They can have one or more triggers.

B. They can be run only on devices in the Security Fabric.
C. They can run multiple actions simultaneously.
D. They can be created on any device in the fabric.

Answer: C
Explanation:

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.0/cookbook/351998/creating-automation-stitches

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.0/cookbook/139441/automation-
stitches

Question: 151

Refer to the exhibits.

Exhibit A shows a network diagram. Exhibit B shows the firewall policy configuration and a VIP object
configuration.

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The WAN (port1) interface has the IP address 10.200.1.1/24.

The LAN (port3) interface has the IP address 10.0.1.254/24.

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If the host 10.200.3.1 sends a TCP SYN packet on port 10443 to 10.200.1.10, what will the source
address, destination address, and destination port of the packet be, after FortiGate forwards the
packet to the destination?

A. 10.0.1.254, 10.0.1.10, and 443, respectively

B. 10.0.1.254, 10.200.1.10, and 443, respectively
C. 10.200.3.1, 10.0.1.10, and 443, respectively
D. 10.0.1.254, 10.0.1.10, and 10443, respectively

Answer: C
Explanation:

The host 10.200.3.1 sends a TCP SYN packet on port 10443 to 10.200.1.10, which is the external IP
address of the VIP object named VIP in Exhibit B1. The VIP object maps the external IP address and
port to the internal IP address and port of the server 10.0.1.10 and 443, respectively1. The VIP object
also enables NAT, which means that the source address of the packet will be translated to the IP
address of the outgoing interface2.
The firewall policy ID 1 in Exhibit B allows traffic from WAN (port1) to LAN (port3) with the
destination address of VIP and the service of HTTPS1. The policy also enables NAT, which means that
the source address of the packet will be translated to the IP address of the outgoing interface2.

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Therefore, after FortiGate forwards the packet to the destination, the source address, destination
address, and destination port of the packet will be 10.200.3.1, 10.0.1.10, and 443, respectively.
You can find more information about VIP objects and firewall policies in the Fortinet Documentation

Question: 152

Refer to the exhibit.

The exhibit shows the output of a diagnose command.

What does the output reveal about the policy route?

A. It is an ISDB route in policy route.

B. It is a regular policy route.
C. It is an ISDB policy route with an SDWAN rule.
D. It is an SDWAN rule in policy route.

Answer: D
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.59): "ISDB routes and SD-WAN rules are assigned an ID
higher than 65535. However, SD-WAN rule entries include the vwl_service field, and ISDB route
entries don’t."

Question: 153

Refer to the exhibit.

A network administrator is troubleshooting an IPsec tunnel between two FortiGate devices. The
administrator has determined that phase 1 status is up, but phase 2 fails to come up.

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Based on the phase 2 configuration shown in the exhibit, which configuration change will bring phase
2 up?

A. On Remote-FortiGate, set Seconds to 43200.

B. On HQ-FortiGate, set Encryption to AES256.
C. On HQ-FortiGate, enable Diffie-Hellman Group 2.
D. On HQ-FortiGate, enable Auto-negotiate.

Answer: B
Explanation:

Reference: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/5.4.0/cookbook/168495

Question: 154

An administrator configures FortiGuard servers as DNS servers on FortiGate using default settings.

What is true about the DNS connection to a FortiGuard server?

A. It uses UDP 8888.

B. It uses UDP 53.
C. It uses DNS over HTTPS.
D. It uses DNS overTLS.

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Answer: D
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.15): "When using FortiGuard servers for DNS, FortiOS uses DNS
over TLS (DoT) by default to secure the DNS traffic."

When using FortiGuard servers for DNS, FortiOS defaults to using DNS over TLS (DoT) to secure the
DNS traffic1. DNS over TLS is a protocol that encrypts and authenticates DNS queries and responses
using the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol2. This prevents eavesdropping, tampering, and
spoofing of DNS data by third parties.
The default FortiGuard DNS servers are 96.45.45.45 and 96.45.46.46, and they use the hostname
globalsdns.fortinet.net1. The FortiGate verifies the server hostname using the server-hostname
setting in the system dns configuration1.

Question: 155

Which two statements describe how the RPF check is used? (Choose two.)

A. The RPF check is a mechanism that protects FortiGate and the network from IP spoofing attacks.
B. The RPF check is run on the first sent and reply packet of any new session.
C. The RPF check is run on the first sent packet of any new session.
D. The RPF check is run on the first reply packet of any new session.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.41): "The RPF check is a mechanism that protects
FortiGate and your network from IP spoofing attacks by checking for a return path to the source in
the routing table." "FortiGate performs an RPF check only on the first packet of a new session. That
is, after the first packet passes the RPF check and FortiGate accepts the session, FortiGate doesn’t
perform any additional RPF checks on that session."

A) The RPF check is a mechanism that protects FortiGate and the network from IP spoofing attacks.
This is true because the RPF check verifies that the source IP address of an incoming packet matches
the reverse route for that address, meaning that the packet came from a legitimate source and not
from an attacker who is trying to impersonate another host. This prevents IP spoofing attacks, where
an attacker sends packets with a forged source IP address to bypass security policies or launch denial-
of-service attacks1
C) The RPF check is run on the first sent packet of any new session.
This is true because the RPF check is performed only once per session, on the first packet sent by
either the client or the server, depending on the direction of the session initiation. This reduces the
processing overhead and improves performance2

Question: 156

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What are two features of collector agent advanced mode? (Choose two.)

A. In advanced mode, FortiGate can be configured as an LDAP client and group filters can be
configured on FortiGate.
B. In advanced mode, security profiles can be applied only to user groups, not individual users.
C. Advanced mode uses the Windows convention—NetBios: Domain\Username.
D. Advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

A) In advanced mode, FortiGate can be configured as an LDAP client and group filters can be
configured on FortiGate.
This is true because advanced mode allows FortiGate to query the LDAP server directly for user
information and group membership, without relying on the collector agent. This enables FortiGate to
apply security policies based on LDAP group filters, which can be configured on FortiGate1
D) Advanced mode supports nested or inherited groups.
This is true because advanced mode can handle complex group structures, such as nested groups or
inherited groups, where a user belongs to a group that is a member of another group. This allows
FortiGate to apply security policies based on the effective group membership of a user, not just the
direct group membership1

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.146): "Also, advanced mode supports nested or inherited
groups; that is, users can be members of subgroups that belong to monitored parent groups." "In
advanced mode, you can configure FortiGate as an LDAP client and configure the group filters on
FortiGate. You can also configure group filters on the collector agent."

Question: 157

An administrator wants to simplify remote access without asking users to provide user credentials.

Which access control method provides this solution?

A. ZTNA IP/MAC filtering mode

B. ZTNA access proxy
C. SSL VPN
D. L2TP

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.165): "ZTNA access proxy allows users to securely access
resources through an SSL-encrypted access proxy. This simplifies remote access by eliminating the
use of VPNs."

This is true because ZTNA access proxy is a feature that allows remote users to access internal

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applications without requiring VPN or user credentials. ZTNA access proxy uses a secure tunnel
between the user’s device and the FortiGate, and authenticates the user based on device identity
and context. The user only needs to install a lightweight agent on their device, and the FortiGate will
automatically assign them to the appropriate application group based on their device profile. This
simplifies remote access and enhances security by reducing the attack surface12

Question: 158

What are two characteristics of FortiGate HA cluster virtual IP addresses? (Choose two.)

A. Virtual IP addresses are used to distinguish between cluster members.

B. Heartbeat interfaces have virtual IP addresses that are manually assigned.
C. The primary device in the cluster is always assigned IP address 169.254.0.1.
D. A change in the virtual IP address happens when a FortiGate device joins or leaves the cluster.

Answer: AD
Explanation:

Fortigate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide page 301

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.301):
"FGCP automatically assigns the heartbeat IP addresses based on the serial number of each device.
The IP address 169.254.0.1 is assigned to the device with the highest serial number."
"A change in the heartbeat IP addresses may happen when a FortiGate device joins or leaves the
cluster."
"The HA cluster uses the heartbeat IP addresses to distinguish the cluster members and synchronize
data."

https://networkinterview.com/fortigate-ha-high-availability/

Question: 159

Refer to the exhibits.

Exhibit A shows a network diagram. Exhibit B shows the firewall policy configuration and a VIP object
configuration.

The WAN (port1) interface has the IP address 10.200.1.1/24.

The LAN (port3) interface has the IP address 10.0.1.254/24.

The administrator disabled the WebServer firewall policy.

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Which IP address will be used to source NAT the traffic, if a user with address 10.0.1.10 connects over
SSH to the host with address 10.200.3.1?

A. 10.200.1.10

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B. 10.0.1.254
C. 10.200.1.1
D. 10.200.3.1

Answer: C
Explanation:

Traffic is coming from LAN to WAN, matches policy Full_Access which has NAT enable, so traffic uses
source IP address of outgoing interface. Simple SNAT.

Question: 160

Refer to the exhibit.

The exhibit shows the FortiGuard Category Based Filter section of a corporate web filter profile.

An administrator must block access to download.com, which belongs to the Freeware and Software
Downloads category. The administrator must also allow other websites in the same category.

What are two solutions for satisfying the requirement? (Choose two.)

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A. Configure a separate firewall policy with action Deny and an FQDN address object for
*.download.com as destination address.
B. Configure a web override rating for download.com and select Malicious Websites as the
subcategory.
C. Set the Freeware and Software Downloads category Action to Warning.
D. Configure a static URL filter entry for download.com with Type and Action set to Wildcard and
Block, respectively.

Answer: BD
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.268-269): "If you want to make an exception, for example,
rather than unblock access to a potentially unwanted category, change the website to an allowed
category. You can also do the reverse. You can block a website that belongs to an allowed category."
"Static URL filtering is another web filter feature. Configured URLs in the URL filter are checked
against the visited websites. If a match is found, the configured action is taken. URL filtering has the
same patterns as static domain filtering: simple, regular expressions, and wildcard."

B) Configure a web override rating for download.com and select Malicious Websites as the
subcategory.
This is true because a web override rating is a feature that allows the administrator to change the
FortiGuard category of a specific website or domain, and apply a different action to it based on the
web filter profile. By configuring a web override rating for download.com and selecting Malicious
Websites as the subcategory, the administrator can block access to download.com, which belongs to
the Freeware and Software Downloads category by default, without affecting other websites in the
same category. The Malicious Websites category has the action Block in the web filter profile shown
in the exhibit.
D) Configure a static URL filter entry for download.com with Type and Action set to Wildcard and
Block, respectively.
This is true because a static URL filter entry is a feature that allows the administrator to define
custom rules for filtering specific URLs or domains, and apply an action to them based on the web
filter profile. By configuring a static URL filter entry for download.com with Type and Action set to
Wildcard and Block, respectively, the administrator can block access to download.com and any
subdomains or paths under it, without affecting other websites in the Freeware and Software
Downloads category. The static URL filter entries have higher priority than the FortiGuard category
based filter entries in the web filter profile.

Question: 161

Which statement about the deployment of the Security Fabric in a multi-VDOM environment is true?

A. VDOMs without ports with connected devices are not displayed in the topology.
B. Downstream devices can connect to the upstream device from any of their VDOMs.
C. Security rating reports can be run individually for each configured VDOM.
D. Each VDOM in the environment can be part of a different Security Fabric.

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Answer: A
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.436): "When you configure FortiGate devices in multi-vdom
mode and add them to the Security Fabric, each VDOM with its assigned ports is displayed when one
or more devices are detected. Only the ports with discovered and connected devices appear in the
Security Fabric view and, because of this, you must enable Device Detection on ports you want to
have displayed in the Security Fabric. VDOMs without ports with connected devices are not
displayed. All VDOMs configured must be part of a single Security Fabric."

Question: 162

Refer to the exhibits.

Exhibit A shows the application sensor configuration. Exhibit B shows the Excessive-Bandwidth and
Apple filter details.

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Based on the configuration, what will happen to Apple FaceTime if there are only a few calls
originating or incoming?

A. Apple FaceTime will be allowed, based on the Categories configuration.

B. Apple FaceTime will be blocked, based on the Excessive-Bandwidth filter configuration.
C. Apple FaceTime will be allowed, based on the Apple filter configuration.
D. Apple FaceTime will be allowed only if the Apple filter in Application and Filter Overrides is set to
Allow.

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.310): "Then, FortiGate scans packets for matches, in this order,
for the application control profile: 1. Application and filter overrides: If you have configured any
application overrides or filter overrides, the application control profile considers those first. It looks
for a matching override starting at the top of the list, like firewall policies. 2. Categories: Finally, the
application control profile applies the action that you’ve configured for applications in your selected
categories."

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Question: 163

Which statement is correct regarding the security fabric?

A. FortiManager is one of the required member devices.

B. FortiGate devices must be operating in NAT mode.
C. A minimum of two Fortinet devices is required.
D. FortiGate Cloud cannot be used for logging purposes.

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.428): "You must have a minimum of two FortiGate devices at
the core of the Security Fabric, plus one FortiAnalyzer or cloud logging solution. FortiAnalyzer Cloud
or FortiGate Cloud can act as the cloud logging solution. The FortiGate devices must be running in
NAT mode."

Question: 164

If Internet Service is already selected as Destination in a firewall policy, which other configuration
object can be selected for the Destination field of a firewall policy?

A. IP address
B. No other object can be added
C. FQDN address
D. User or User Group

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.59): "When configuring your firewall policy, you can use
Internet Service as the destination in a firewall policy, which contains all the IP addresses, ports, and
protocols used by that service. For the same reason, you cannot mix regular address objects with
ISDB objects, and you cannot select services on a firewall policy. The ISDB objects already have
services information, which is hardcoded."

This is true because Internet Service is a special type of destination object that can only be used
alone in a firewall policy. Internet Service is a feature that allows FortiGate to identify and filter traffic
based on the internet service or application that it belongs to, such as Facebook, YouTube, Skype,
etc. Internet Service uses a database of IP addresses and ports that are associated with each internet
service or application, and updates it regularly from FortiGuard. When Internet Service is selected as
the destination in a firewall policy, FortiGate will match the traffic to the corresponding internet
service or application, and apply the appropriate action and security profiles to it. However, Internet
Service cannot be combined with any other destination object, such as IP address, FQDN address,
user or user group, etc., as this would create a conflict or ambiguity in the firewall policy. Therefore,

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no other object can be added if Internet Service is already selected as the destination in a firewall
policy

Question: 165

Which two features of IPsec IKEv1 authentication are supported by FortiGate? (Choose two.)

A. Extended authentication (XAuth) for faster authentication because fewer packets are exchanged
B. Extended authentication (XAuth) to request the remote peer to provide a username and password
C. No certificate is required on the remote peer when you set the certificate signature as the
authentication method
D. Pre-shared key and certificate signature as authentication methods

Answer: BD
Explanation:

B) Extended authentication (XAuth) to request the remote peer to provide a username and password
This is true because extended authentication (XAuth) is a feature that allows FortiGate to request the
remote peer to provide a username and password during the IPsec IKEv1 authentication process.
XAuth is an extension of the IKEv1 protocol that adds an additional authentication step after the
main mode or aggressive mode exchange. XAuth can be used with either pre-shared key or
certificate signature as the primary authentication method, and it can provide stronger security and
granular access control for IPsec VPNs12
D) Pre-shared key and certificate signature as authentication methods
This is true because pre-shared key and certificate signature are two authentication methods that are
supported by FortiGate for IPsec IKEv1 VPNs. Pre-shared key is a method where both peers share a
secret key that is used to authenticate each other during the IKEv1 exchange. Certificate signature is
a method where both peers have digital certificates that are used to verify each other’s identity and
public key during the IKEv1 exchange. Both methods can be combined with XAuth for additional
authentication

Question: 166

You have enabled logging on a FortiGate device for event logs and all security logs, and you have set
up logging to use the FortiGate local disk.

What is the default behavior when the local disk is full?

A. No new log is recorded after the warning is issued when log disk use reaches the threshold of 95%.
B. No new log is recorded until you manually clear logs from the local disk.
C. Logs are overwritten and the first warning is issued when log disk use reaches the threshold of
75%.
D. Logs are overwritten and the only warning is issued when log disk use reaches the threshold of
95%.

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Answer: C
Explanation:

config log disk setting

set diskfull [ overwrite | nolog ]
Action to take when disk is full. The system can overwrite the oldest log messages or stop logging
when the disk is full. (default --> overwrite)

config log memory global-setting

set full-first-warning-threshold {integer}
Log full first warning threshold as a percent. (default --> 75)

Reference:
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.5/cli-reference/421620/config-log-disk-setting
https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.5/cli-reference/418620/config-log-memory-
global-setting

C) Logs are overwritten and the first warning is issued when log disk use reaches the threshold of
75%.
This is true because this is the default behavior of FortiGate when logging to the local disk. The local
disk is the internal storage of FortiGate that can be used to store event logs and security logs. When
the local disk is full, FortiGate will overwrite the oldest logs with the newest ones, and issue
warnings at different thresholds of disk usage. The first warning is issued when log disk use reaches
75%, the second warning is issued when log disk use reaches 85%, and the final warning is issued
when log disk use reaches 95%. The administrator can configure these thresholds and the action to
take when the disk is full using the CLI command config log disk setting1

Question: 167

The IPS engine is used by which three security features? (Choose three.)

A. Antivirus in flow-based inspection

B. Web filter in flow-based inspection
C. Application control
D. DNS filter
E. Web application firewall

Answer: ABC
Explanation:

FortiGate Security 7.2 Study Guide (p.385): "The IPS engine is responsible for most of the features
shown in this lesson: IPS and protocol decoders. It’s also responsible for application control, flow-
based antivirus protection, web filtering, and email filtering."

Question: 168

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An organization requires remote users to send external application data running on their PCs and
access FTP resources through an SSL/TLS connection.

Which FortiGate configuration can achieve this goal?

A. SSL VPN bookmark

B. SSL VPN tunnel
C. Zero trust network access
D. SSL VPN quick connection

Answer: B
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.198): "Tunnel mode requires FortiClient to connect to
FortiGate. FortiClient adds a virtual network adapter identified as fortissl to the user’s PC. This virtual
adapter dynamically receives an IP address from FortiGate each time FortiGate establishes a new
VPN connection. Inside the tunnel, all traffic is SSL/TLS encapsulated. The main advantage of tunnel
mode over web mode is that after the VPN is established, any IP network application running on the
client can send traffic through the tunnel."

An SSL VPN tunnel allows remote users to establish a secure and encrypted Virtual Private Network
(VPN) connection to the private network using the SSL/TLS protocol1. An SSL VPN tunnel can provide
access to network resources such as FTP servers, as well as external applications running on the
user’s PC1.
An SSL VPN bookmark is a web link that provides access to network resources through the SSL VPN
web portal1. It does not support external applications running on the user’s PC.
Zero trust network access (ZTNA) is a security model that provides role-based application access to
remote users without exposing the private network to the internet2. It does not use SSL/TLS
protocol, but rather a proprietary ZTNA protocol.
SSL VPN quick connection is a feature that allows users to connect to an SSL VPN tunnel without
installing FortiClient or any other software on their PC3. It requires a web browser that supports Java
or ActiveX. It does not support external applications running on the user’s PC.

Question: 169

Refer to the exhibit, which contains a static route configuration.

An administrator created a static route for Amazon Web Services.

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Which CLI command must the administrator use to view the route?

A. get router info routing-table database

B. diagnose firewall route list
C. get internet-service route list
D. get router info routing-table all

Answer: B
Explanation:

ISDB static route will not create entry directly in routing-table. Reference:
https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Creating-a-static-route-for-Predefined-
Internet/ta-p/198756
and here https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Verify-the-matching-policy-
route/ta-p/190640

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.16 and p.59): "Even though they are configured as static
routes, ISDB routes are actually policy routes and take precedence over any other routes in the
routing table. As such, ISDB routes are added to the policy routing table." "FortiOS maintains a policy
route table that you can view by running the diagnose firewall proute list command."

Question: 170

What are two functions of the ZTNA rule? (Choose two.)

A. It redirects the client request to the access proxy.

B. It applies security profiles to protect traffic.
C. It defines the access proxy.
D. It enforces access control.

Answer: BD
Explanation:

A ZTNA rule is a policy that enforces access control and applies security profiles to protect traffic

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between the client and the access proxy1. A ZTNA rule defines the following parameters1:
Incoming interface: The interface that receives the client request.
Source: The address and user group of the client.
ZTNA tag: The tag that identifies the domain that the client belongs to.
ZTNA server: The server that hosts the access proxy.
Destination: The address of the application that the client wants to access.
Action: The action to take for the traffic that matches the rule. It can be accept, deny, or redirect.
Security profiles: The security features to apply to the traffic, such as antivirus, web filter, application
control, and so on.
A ZTNA rule does not redirect the client request to the access proxy. That is the function of a policy
route that matches the ZTNA tag and sends the traffic to the ZTNA server2.
A ZTNA rule does not define the access proxy. That is done by creating a ZTNA server object that
specifies the IP address, port, and certificate of the access proxy3.

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.177): "A ZTNA rule is a proxy policy used to enforce
access control. You can define ZTNA tags or tag groups to enforce zero-trust role-based access. To
create a rule, type a rule name, and add IP addresses and ZTNA tags or tag groups that are allowed or
blocked access. You also select the ZTNA server as the destination. You can also apply security
profiles to protect this traffic."

Question: 171

An administrator configures outgoing interface any in a firewall policy.

What is the result of the policy list view?

A. Search option is disabled.

B. Policy lookup is disabled.
C. By Sequence view is disabled.
D. Interface Pair view is disabled.

Answer: D
Explanation:

"If you use multiple source or destination interfaces, or the any interface in a firewall policy, you
cannot separate policies into sections by interface pairs—some would be triplets or more. So
instead, policies are then always displayed in a single list (By Sequence)."

Question: 172

Refer to the exhibit showing a debug flow output.

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What two conclusions can you make from the debug flow output? (Choose two.)

A. The debug flow is for ICMP traffic.

B. The default route is required to receive a reply.
C. Anew traffic session was created.
D. A firewall policy allowed the connection.

Answer: AC
Explanation:

The debug flow output shows the result of a diagnose command that captures the traffic flow
between the source and destination IP addresses1. The debug flow output reveals the following
information about the traffic flow1:
The protocol is 1, which means that the traffic uses ICMP protocol2. ICMP is a protocol that is used to
send error messages and test connectivity between devices2.
The session state is 0, which means that a new traffic session was created3. A session is a data
structure that stores information about a connection between two devices3.
The policy ID is 1, which means that the traffic matched the firewall policy with ID 14. A firewall
policy is a rule that defines how FortiGate processes traffic based on the source, destination, service,
and action parameters4.
The action is 0, which means that the traffic was allowed by the firewall policy. An action is a
parameter that specifies what FortiGate does with the traffic that matches a firewall policy.
Therefore, two conclusions that can be made from the debug flow output are:
The debug flow is for ICMP traffic.
A new traffic session was created.

Question: 173

Which three methods are used by the collector agent for AD polling? (Choose three.)
A. FortiGate polling
B. NetAPI
C. Novell API
D. WMI
E. WinSecLog
Answer: BDE
Explanation:

FortiGate Infrastructure 7.2 Study Guide (p.127-128): "As previously stated, collector agent-based

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 Questions & Answers PDF
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polling mode has three methods (or options) for collecting login information. The order on the slide
from left to right shows most recommend to least recommended: (WMI, WinSecLog, and NetAPI)"

Reference: https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink .do?externalID=FD47732

Question: 174

Which three authentication timeout types are availability for selection on FortiGate? (Choose three.)
A. hard-timeout
B. auth-on-demand
C. soft-timeout
D. new-session
E. Idle-timeout
Answer: ADE
Explanation:

https://kb.fortinet.com/kb/documentLink.do?externalID=FD37221

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