Shipbuilding Production Engineering

Shipbuilding
What is a ship? A ship is floating city,
transport or armed vessel and a special
floating factory.
Shipbuilding is the construction of ships. It
normally takes place in a shipyard.
In general, shipbuilding is one kind of EPC
project. It includes engineering, procurement,
and construction (production management,
planning, production engineering,
manufacturing, inspection and delivery).
A traditional ship production in a shipyard is from hull lofting, laying a keel plate
on the slipway followed by construction by piece-metal method with outfitting
of ship equipment afterward.
 Shipbuilding History
Development Traditional Shipbuilding Mode Modern Shipbuilding Mode
Stage
Time Before the 1950s 1960s 1970s After the 1980s

Production Piece-metal Ship Hull Block Construction Group / Family Integration of

Method Construction Method Method Construction Method Construction
Method
Technology Riveting Welding Group Technology Information
Technology
Engineering Piece-metal Assembly Hull Block Assembly Grouping Hull structure Integration of Hull,
Process Wharf Outfitting Zone Outfitting Grouping Outfitting Outfitting and
Whole Hull Painting Block Painting Block Painting Painting

Purpose of developing construction method: improve productivity, quality,

HSE, reduce cost and shorten construction period.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Shipbuilding production engineering is a
subfield of shipbuilding industry. It
focuses on the production process,
production design, and production
management of a ship.
Shipbuilding production design is a “design
processor", which inputs all kinds of
information required for ship construction
and produce manufacturing information
suitable for the shipyard construction and
meeting the requirements of other related
aspects.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Input data for production engineering design:
• Class rules and guidelines. • Hull detailed design.
• Local laws and regulations. • Hull construction plan.
• Project execution plan. • Fabrication specification.
• HSE regulations. • Standards operating procedures.
• Shipyard facilities specification. • Yard structural and outfitting STD.
Production engineering has three major tasks for shipbuilding.
1) Method of Ship Construction.
2) Flow of Ship Construction Process.
3) Construction Drawings and Installation Guidance.
4) List of materials (including equipment), including auxiliary material.
5) Ship construction management.
 Hull Block Construction Method
The hull block construction method is a system of shipbuilding wherein
parts and subassemblies are manufactured in separate blocks.
The major steps are as follows:
1. Part fabrication.
2. Part assembly.
3. Sub-block/semi-block assembly.
4. Block assembly /Outfitting.
5. Grand-block joining / Painting.
6. Hull erection.
7. Wharf Outfitting .
8. Delivery.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Flow of Shipbuilding Production Process

Assembly Sub-Block Block Dock

Outfitting Outfitting Outfitting Outfitting Outfitting

Pre-treatment Dock/
Hull 2D & 3D Sub-Blocks Block Wharf Tests/Trails
of material Sub-assembly Slipway
Structure Assembly Assembly Assembly commissioning Deliverables
Parts Erection

Clean Paint Paint Sub-block Paint- Shell Finished

Coating Shop Priming mending mending Painting mending Painting Painting
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Principles of Ship Construction
Some Principles of Construction are as follows:
1. A fabrication sequence shall be established to ensure that the structure can be
assembled in a manner which allows for effective control at all stages of work. (DNVGL-
OS-C401, CH2, Sect 2, 6.1.2)
2. The sequence of welding shall be such that the amount of shrinkage, distortions and
residual stresses are minimized. (DNVGL Ship rule Part2 CH,5.3.9 Rev 2018)
3. Assembly sequence should be conducive to minimize shrinkage, deformation and
residual stress caused by welding. (IACS Ship Rule, Part1, CH12, Sect 1, 3.1.3, Rev 2019)
4. Major distortions of structural components caused by welding and fabricating are to
be corrected before further assembly. (IACS Ship Rule, Part1, CH12, Sect 1, 5.1.1, Rev
2019)
5. Structural fabrication is to be carried out in accordance with IACS Rec. No. 47 or
with a recognized fabrication standard.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Assembly and installation Guide
The guide of hull construction is a document to provide the guide of hull
construction in order to meet the requirements of the ship specification,
Class rules and regulations, engineering design and shipbuilding practices,
and to improve the standardization, high-efficiency and high-quality of
shipbuilding. One sample is as following.
Sample: 2D Panel assembly.
Assembly method:
The panel will be assembled using the method of
upward assembly and use plate parts as a based plane.
Limitations:
A max panel size: 12 m x 15 m. Max weight: less 5 tones.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Assembly and installation Guide
Basic panel information:
Panel shape, length, width and weight of panels, working points, including
erection green material, and forming green material must be trimmed off.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Assembly and installation Guide
Assembly key points
1) Working/key points.
2) Using diagonal dimensions to check the shape of the square panel.
3) After welding, need to verify the panel shape and size to meet the
requirements of next assembly stage.
4) Remove useless green material, and keep 10 mm green material at
location of curved connection.
5) Weight verification.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Plate and Profile Parts Drawings
Parts is the smallest element in ship
manufacturing.
Two kind of part drawings:
Plated parts and profile parts.
A part drawing basically includes: • Machining symbol.
• Part code. • Part edge requirements.
• Part material. • Green material.
• Part size and shape. • Weight ant gravity.
• Part cutouts. • Process compensation.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Sub-Assembly Drawings
An sub-assembly drawing is a production
drawing that uses views to show how
parts fit together.
A sub-assembly drawing basically includes:
• Sub-assembly code.
• Welding information.
• Part code and numbers.
• Edge preparation.
• Working point or line.
• Working/key points or lines.
• Components positioning.
• Green material.
• Orientation.
• Process compensation.
• Weight and gravity.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Assembly Drawings

An assembly drawing is a production

drawing that uses views to show how
parts, sub-assemblies fit together.
An assembly drawing basically includes :
• Assembly codes. • Edge preparation.
• Component code and numbers. • Working/key points or lines.
• Weight ant gravity. • Green material.
• Orientation. • Process compensation.
• Welding information.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Sub-Block Installation Drawings
A sub-block drawing is a production
drawing that uses views to show how
parts, sub-assemblies and assemblies fit
together.
A sub-block drawing basically includes: • Installation sequence.
• Sub-block code. • Orientation.
• Components code and numbers. • Working/key points or lines.
• Weight and gravity. • Welding information.
• Sub-blocks positioning. • Jig information.
• Components positioning. • Coating.
 Shipbuilding Production Engineering
Block Installation Drawings
A block drawing is a production
drawing that uses views to show how
parts, sub-assemblies, assemblies
and sub-blocks fit together. • Installation sequence.
A block drawing basically includes : • Orientation.
• block codes. • Working/key points or lines.
• Components code and numbers. • Jig information.
• Weight and gravity.
• Block positioning at dry-dock.
• Components positioning.