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Local and Global Communication in Multicultural Setting

purposive cmmunication

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xtiandyo
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15 views

Local and Global Communication in Multicultural Setting

purposive cmmunication

Uploaded by

xtiandyo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESEARCH - LOCAL AND GLOBAL COMMUNICATION IN MULTICULTURAL SETTING

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Culture (Cassiday & Stringer, 2009)
- a system of thinking and acting that is taught by and reinforced by a group of
people. Cultural groups teach their members certain sets of values, with
accompanying behaviors and communication preferences.
Cultural Understanding (Haslett, 1989 as cited in Cassiday & Stringer, 2009)
- influences our personal preference in communication style and continues to
influence our perception of others throughout our life.
Cross Cultural Communication (Cassiday & Stringer, 2009)
- occurs between people who may have different cultural perspectives. This
can include the entire range of differences from nationality to age to different
departments within the same organization.
Issues With Cross Cultural Communication
 Generalizations – are the patterns of communication used by most people
in any cultural group
Ex: Filipinos are hospitable.
 Stereotypes- are cultural norms applied to everyone in a group in a rigid
manner.
Ex: Wilma is a filipino, thus she is hospitable. (even though she really
isn’t)
 Perception - Is highly susceptible to both personal and cultural
experiences.
Six Primary Sources Of Cross Cultural MIScommunication (Barna, 1997)
1. Assumption of Similarities
o assuming that our communication style and way of behaving is how
“everyone” communicates and behaves
2. Language Differences
o Speaking a non-native language can easily lead to miscommunication.
o Even people speaking the same language can experience
miscommunication because the same word can mean something very
different.
3. Nonverbal Misinterpretations
o We send and receive wordless messages through body language, facial
expression, and eye contact.
4. Preconceptions and Stereotypes
o Preconceived notions and stereotyping occur when “oversimplified”
characteristics are used to judge a group of people or an individual
associated with a group
5. Tendency to Evaluate
owe tend to interpret the message or the action through our cultural
lens.
6. High Anxiety
o Not understanding what is appropriate or expected can raise our
anxiety level. Miscommunication can be a direct result of being in an
anxious state.
Varieties and Registers
Register
- is the level of formality in language as determined by context. It is a subset
of language as defined by purpose and setting
Variety
- is a specific set of linguistic items which can be assosiated with external
factors such as geographical area or a social group.

Reference/s:

https://youtu.be/TcN0kLqrUnc

Cassiday, P. A. and Stringer, D. M. (2009). Introduction. 52 activities for improving


cross-cultural communication (pp. ix - xi). Boston: Intercultural Press. doi:
https://www.mobt3ath.com/uplode/book/book-56008.pdf

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Communicating Across Cultures (Goman, 2010)


Communicating across cultures is challenging. Each culture has set rules that
its members take for granted. Few of us are aware of our own cultural biases
because cultural imprinting is begun at a very early age. And while some of a
culture's knowledge, rules, beliefs, values, phobias, and anxieties are taught
explicitly, most of the information is absorbed subconsciously.
We are all individuals, and no two people belonging to the same culture are
guaranteed to respond in exactly the same way. However, generalizations are valid
to the extent that they provide clues on what you will most likely encounter when
dealing with members of a particular culture.
All international communication is influenced by cultural differences. Even
the choice of communication medium can have cultural overtones.
Categories of Culture
1. High-Context vs. Low-Context
High-Context Cultures
- leave much of the message unspecified, to be understood through
context, nonverbal cues, and between-the-lines interpretation of what is
actually said.
- Ex: Mediterranean, Slav, Central European, Latin American, African, Arab,
Asian, American Indian
Low-Context Cultures
- expect messages to be explicit and specific.
- Ex: most Germanic and English-speaking countries

2. Sequential vs. Synchronic


Sequential Cultures
- Some cultures think of time sequentially, as a linear commodity to
"spend," "save," or "waste."
- businesspeople give full attention to one agenda item after another
- Ex: North American, English, German, Swedish, and Dutch
Synchronic Cultures
- Other cultures view time synchronically, as a constant flow to be
experienced in the moment, and as a force that cannot be contained or
controlled.
- the flow of time is viewed as a sort of circle, with the past, present, and
future all interrelated.
- This viewpoint influences how organizations in those cultures approach
deadlines, strategic thinking, investments, developing talent from within,
and the concept of "long-term" planning.
- Ex: South America, southern Europe and Asia

3. Affective vs. Neutral


Affective Cultures
- In cultures with high affect, people show their feelings plainly by laughing,
smiling, grimacing, scowling, and sometimes crying, shouting, or walking
out of the room.
- Ex: Italy, France, the U.S., and Singapore
Neutral Cultures
- in the course of normal business activities, neutral cultures are more
careful to monitor the amount of emotion they display
- Ex: Japan, Indonesia, the U.K., Norway, and the Netherlands
When it comes to communication, what's proper and correct in one culture
may be ineffective or even offensive in another. In reality, no culture is right or
wrong, better or worse—just different. In today's global business community, there
is no single best approach to communicating with one another. The key to cross-
cultural success is to develop an understanding of, and a deep respect for, the
differences.

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