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Lecture 14

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9 views

Lecture 14

Uploaded by

ethanyabrov
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ENGG*1070

Occupational Health and Safety

Lecture 14

Fall 2023

1
2
• Introduction
• Ventilation is considered an ENGNIEERING CONTROL to
remove or control contaminates released indoor work
environments
• Main purpose of ventilation systems:
- To provide continuous supply of “fresh” outside air
- To remove contaminated indoor air (e.g. airborne
bacteria, carbon dioxide, smoke),
- Reduce potential fire or explosion hazard,

3
• Introduction
• Main purpose of ventilation systems:
Secondary use of ventilation systems:
- Control temperature,
- Remove moisture, odors,
• Ventilation systems are used for other purposes (not in
the scope of this course).
• In firefighting, refers to a tactic of creating a draft to
control the release of heat and smoke.
4
• Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

https://www.motherearthnews.com/sustainable-living/nature-and-
environment/indoor-air-pollution-zmaz98djzraw/

5
• Ventilation
- When ventilation is used to remove chemical pollutants
(contaminated air):

6
• Ventilation steps, Should take

7
• Units for Measurements

• Multiplying air velocity (Vair) by


the area of a duct (A) allows you
to determine the air volume
flowing past a point in the duct
per unit of time.
8
• Units for Measurements

9
• Ventilation System Types
• There are two types:
1- Local Exhaust Ventilation

10
• Ventilation System Types
• There are two types:

2- General Dilution Ventilation

11
• Ventilation System Types
* Elements of Local Exhaust Ventilation

12
• Ventilation System
* Local Exhaust

13
• Ventilation System
Hood

14
• Ventilation System
Hood

• 100 fpm for vapours and gases,


• 200 fpm or more for dusts.

15
• Ventilation System
Duck

• 1000 fpm for vapours and gases,


• 4000 fpm for heavy dusts,

16
• Ventilation System
Air Flow (2Types)
• Natural

• Mechanical / Forced

17
• Ventilation System
Air Flow

18
• Ventilation System
Air Pressure

19
• Ventilation System
Air Pressure

20
• Ventilation System
Air Pressure

21
• Ventilation System
Vapor Density

22
• Ventilation System
Lighter than Air Gases

23
• Ventilation System
Heavier than Air Gases

24
• Ventilation System
Air Cleaning Devices

25
• Ventilation System
Mechanical Separators

26
• Ventilation System
Mechanical Separators

27
• Ventilation System
Filtration Devices

28
• Ventilation System
Filtration Devices

29
• Wet Collectors
- Wet dust collectors are devices
that remove contaminations by
direct contact of the dirty gas
stream with liquid drops (mostly
water)

30
• Wet Collectors
- The most important advantages of scrubbers are:
- low initial cost,
- moderately high collection efficiency for small particles
- applicability for the high temperature installations.
- They can handle large volume of gases
- They can be used to collect flammable, sticky and
explosive dusts with a little risk.
- They also provide cooling hot gases and neutralization
of corrosive gases and dust.
31
• Wet Collectors
- The disadvantages of wet collectors are:

- high power consumption


- moderate to high maintenance costs
• corrosion and abrasion
• disposal of waste sludge

32
• Ventilation Safety

33
34
• References

35

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