Activity guide and evaluation rubric –

Unit 2 Task 4 –
Suprasegmentals
Group number: #90
Students:
 DANIEL ANDRES ROMERO BARRERA
 ANGELA MARÍA ATUESTA PINTO

WORKSHOP 2_ COLLABORATIVE EXERCISES

1. Answer the following questions and use APA citation

and references to reinforce your ideas:

What is rhythm in English language pronunciation?

Rhythm in English pronunciation refers to the pattern of stressed

and unstressed syllables that occur in a sentence. English is a stress-
timed language, meaning that stressed syllables occur at regular
intervals, while unstressed syllables adjust to the remaining time, giving
the language a distinctive flow. This rhythm plays a crucial role in
comprehension and fluency, as it helps listeners in identifying and
processing verbal information effectively.

• Referencia APA
Roach, P. (2009). English phonetics and phonology: A practical course
(4th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

(Figure1)
El ritmo en la pronunciación del inglés se basa en la alternancia de sílabas acentuadas y no
acentuadas a intervalos regulares, lo que le da al idioma un flujo característico (Roach,
2009).
What is intonation in English language pronunciation?

The variation in pitch during the reading of pronouns is called

intonation in English. The pitch can fluctuate, and it is crucial for
conveying meaning, emotion, and intention. In English, intonation is a
technique that can be used to distinguish between different types of
sentences, such as questions and statements, and it can affect the
placement of specific words or phrases within a sentence.
• Referencia APA

Cruttenden, A. (2014). Gimson's pronunciation of English (8th ed.).

Routledge.

What is stress in English language pronunciation?

The prominence given to certain letters within a word or to words

within an oration is referred to as accentuation in English pronunciation.
This prominence is expressed through more volume, longer duration, and
higher voice tones in accented words or phrases.

The use of syllables is crucial in English to distinguish words that,

despite being written similarly, have different meanings. For instance, the
difference between the first syllable and the second alters the meaning of
words like "record" (sustantivo) and "record" (verbo).

Additionally, the emphasis on some words in speeches may change the

emphasis or meaning of the

• Referencia APA:
Kenworthy, J. (1987). Teaching English pronunciation. Longman.

What is the difference between syllable stress and word stress in

sentences?

The distinction between syllable stress and word stress in sentences lies in
the level at which the stress is applied and its role in pronunciation and
meaning.

1. Syllable Stress:
  Syllable stress refers to the emphasis placed on a syllable within a
word. In English, some words have one stressed syllable that is
pronounced with greater intensity, duration, or pitch.
 This stress is crucial for the correct pronunciation of words and can
alter the meaning of the word itself. For example, in the word 'record,'
if the stress falls on the second syllable (re-CORD'), it refers to a verb.

2. Word Stress in Sentences:

 Word stress in sentences refers to the emphasis placed on specific
words within a sentence. Key words, such as nouns, verbs, and
important adjectives, typically receive stress, while less important
words, like prepositions, articles, and conjunctions, are usually not
stressed.
 Word stress in sentences is crucial for conveying the meaning and
intent of the phrase. For example, in the sentence "I didn’t say he stole
the money," stressing different words would change the emphasis and
thus the meaning of the sentence. If "money" is stressed, it means the
money wasn’t stolen; if "he" is stressed, it implies someone else did it.

In summary, syllable stress refers to prominence within a word, while word

stress in sentences involves emphasis within a sequence of words that form a
sentence, which can alter the meaning or communicative intent.

• Referencia APA
Swan, M., & Smith, B. (2001). Learner English: A teacher's guide to
interference and other problems. Cambridge University Press.

What is stress in English language pronunciation?

Stress in English pronunciation refers to the energy, emphasis, or force given

to a syllable within a word. This syllable stands out compared to the others,
making it more prominent, longer, or clearer. Understanding and using stress
correctly is essential in English, as improper use can change the meaning of a
word or even a sentence.
What is the difference between syllable stress and word stress in
sentences?

The distinction between syllable stress and word stress in sentences lies in
the level at which stress is applied and its function in pronunciation:

 Syllable Stress: This refers to the emphasis placed on a specific syllable

within a word. A stressed syllable is pronounced more strongly than the
others, making it stand out. For example, in the word "banana"
 (/bəˈnænə/), the second syllable ("na") is stressed. Syllable stress is
important for the rhythm of individual words.
 Word Stress: This refers to the emphasis placed on one word in a
sentence or phrase. Word stress can influence the meaning or function
of the sentence. For example, in the sentence "I didn't say he stole the
money," stressing different words can change the focus or meaning: o
"I didn't say he stole the money" (emphasis on didn't, suggesting
a denial). o "I didn't say he stole the money" (emphasis on say,
suggesting a focus on what was or wasn’t said).

 Referencia APA
OpenAI. (2024). The difference between syllable stress and word stress in
sentences.

2. Take a look at the following list of words.

Basically, stress words are considered CONTENT or FUNCTION words.
Write in front of each word: Content or Function, according to
the meaning of stress in English language pronunciation.

-The first one is done for you.

Table 1
Chart to classify the example words into content or function.
1. Words 2. Content or function?
a) The Function
b) America Content
c) She Function
d) Drive Content
e) Beautiful Content
f) Where Function
g) On Function
h) Visit Content
i) Carefully Content
j) Don’t Function
k) opposite Content

Note: use the chart to classify the list of words into content or function.
 3. Mark in bold what you think is the stress syllable on
the following words, the first is done for you.
Table 2
Chart to underline the syllable stress of the example words.
a. daredevil deredevil
b. Random Random
c. Computer Computer
d. Language Language
e. Before Before
f. Phonology Phonology
Note: use the chart to underline or highlight the syllable stress of each
word following the example.

4. Write the words corresponding to the following

phonetic transcriptions:
Table 3

Chart to write the phonetic transcription.

/ðæn/ /ˈkeɪk/ /ˈfeɪθ/
/ˈθruː/ /ˈkluː/ /ˈeɪt/
/ˈteɪbəl/ /ˈfaɪl/ /ˈfɑːsən/
Note: Do the transcription of each word to regular English.

5. Using only the IPA symbols, provide 2 examples for each type
of place of articulation. The first one is done for you.

Table 4
Chart to provide two phonetic examples according to the given place of
articulation.
Bilabial /p/ /b/
Alveolar
Labiodental
Velar
Inter-dental
Glottal
Note: use the chart to provide two phonetic examples considering their
place of articulation.
6. Using only the IPA symbols, provide 1 example for each type
of manner of articulation. The first one is done for you.

Table 5

Chart to classify IPA symbols according to their manner of articulation.

Plosives /k/
Fricatives
Affricates
Approximants
Nasals
Laterals

Note: Use the chart to place the correct IPA symbol considering its
manner of articulation.

7. Transcribe from IPA to English text the following sentences.

/ˈaɪ heɪt ˈiːtɪŋ suːp/

/ ˈlaɪf ˈɪz ˈbɛtər wɛn ju ˈhæv kæts/
/ bɜːdz ˈɔːlweɪz ˈiːt wɜːmz/
/kʌm wɪθ mi tu ˈsiː ði stɑrz /
8. Write only the phonetic symbol for the first sound in each word.
The first one is done for you to follow.

Table 6

Chart to write the first phonetic symbol of each given word.

Judge /ʤ/
Easy
Pneumonia
Contact
Phone
Civic
 Note: Use the chart to place the first correct phonetic symbol of each
word.

9. Write only the phonetic symbol for the final sound in each word.
The first one is done for you to follow.

Table 7
Chart to write the final phonetic symbol of each given word.
Beds /z/
Bets
Nest
Bathes
Belts
Twelfth
Note: Use the chart to place the final correct phonetic symbol of each
word.

10. Use the next diagram to point the initial and final movements of
the sample diphthongs, also include example words containing the
given diphthongs.
Table 8

Table of example diphthongs to develop step ten

Diphthong /aʊ/ /aɪ/ /oʊ/
Word
Note: Place example words that correspond to each diphthong.
Figure 1

Diagram for graphing the three diphthongs sounds

Note: Use the diagram to graphic the diphthongs of step ten.