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Systems of Multiple Incompatibility + Gradable Antonyms

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49 views

Systems of Multiple Incompatibility + Gradable Antonyms

Uploaded by

trucnhi1234569
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Systems of multiple incompatibility (he thong nhieu diem khong

tuong thich)

- These systems have in common is that

(a) all the terms in a given system are mutually incompatible (thuật ngữ
trong hệ thống không tương thích lẫn nhau)

(b) together, the members of a system cover all the relevant area.

- Systems such as these are called systems of multiple incompatibility. There


are

large numbers of open-ended systems of multiple incompatibility.

Ex: Consider the system of colors: red, blue, green, yellow.

(a): An object cannot be both red and blue simultaneously.

(b): Every object must be one of these colors.

Ex: Days of the week: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday,


Saturday, Sunday.

(a): Any given day cannot be two different days at the same time. For
example, a day cannot be both Monday and Tuesday.

(b): Every day falls into one of the seven categories listed. There is no other
possible day outside of this set.

-Gradable antonyms

-Two predicates are GRADABLE antonyms if they are at opposite ends of a

continuous scale of values (a scale which typically varies according to the


context of

use).

- These words can be modified by adverbs like "very", "quiet" or "how?",


“how much?” to indicate different degrees of the quality they represent.

Ex: Big/Small: Objects can be very big, quite big, somewhat big, small, very
small, etc.

Ex: Happy/Sad: Emotions can vary from very happy to very sad, with a range
of feelings in between.
Ex: Hot/Cold: Temperature can vary from very hot to very cold, with
numerous gradations in between.

Note: Gradable antonyms are different from complementary antonyms,


which are pairs of words that are mutually exclusive.

Ex: alive and dead are complementary antonyms because something cannot
be both alive and dead at the same time.

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