University of Pretoria Yearbook 2021

BSc Applied Mathematics (02133253)

Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Minimum duration of
3 years
study
Total credits 416
NQF level 07

Admission requirements
● The closing date is an administrative admission guideline for non-selection programmes. Once a non-selection
programme is full and has reached the institutional targets, then that programme will be closed for further
admissions, irrespective of the closing date. However, if the institutional targets have not been met by the
closing date, then that programme will remain open for admissions until the institutional targets are met.
● The following persons will be considered for admission: candidates who are in possession of a certificate that is
deemed by the University to be equivalent to the required National Senior Certificate with university
endorsement, candidates who are graduates from another tertiary institution or have been granted the status
of a graduate of such an institution, and candidates who are graduates of another faculty at the University of
Pretoria.
● Life Orientation is excluded from the calculation of the Admission Point Score (APS).
● Grade 11 results are used for the conditional admission of prospective students. Final admission is based on
Grade 12 results.
● Please note that the Faculty does not accept GED and School of Tomorrow qualifications for entry into our
programmes.
Transferring students
Candidates previously registered at UP or at another university
The faculty’s Admissions Committee considers applications of candidates who have already completed the final
NSC or equivalent qualification examination and/or were previously registered at UP or another university, on
grounds of their final NSC or equivalent qualification results as well as academic merit.
Candidates previously registered at a FET college or a university of technology
The faculty’s Admissions Committee considers the application of these candidates on the grounds of their final
NSC or equivalent qualification results as well as academic merit.
Qualifications from countries other than South Africa
● Citizens from countries other than South Africa and South African citizens with foreign qualifications must
comply with all the other admission requirements and the prerequisites for subjects/modules.
● In addition to meeting the admission requirements, admission is based on the performance in the TOEFL,
IELTS or SAT, if required.
● Candidates must have completed the National Senior Certificate with admission to degree studies or a
certificate of conditional exemption on the basis of a candidate’s foreign qualifications, the so-called
“Immigrant” or “Foreign Conditional Exemption”. The only condition for the “Foreign Conditional Exemption”

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 that is accepted is: ‘completion of the degree course’. The exemption certificate is obtainable from Universities
South Africa (USAf). Detailed information is available on the website at click here.
University of Pretoria website: click here
Minimum requirements
Achievement level
English Home Language or
English First Additional Mathematics APS
Language
NSC/IEB AS Level NSC/IEB AS Level
5 C 6 B 34
* Cambridge A level candidates who obtained at least a D in the required subjects, will be considered for
admission.
* International Baccalaureate (IB) HL candidates who obtained at least a 4 in the required subjects, will be
considered for admission.
Candidates who do not comply with the minimum admission requirements for BSc (Applied Mathematics), may be
considered for admission to the BSc – Extended programme – Mathematical Sciences. This programme takes a
year longer than the normal programmes to complete.
BSc – Extended programme – Mathematical Sciences
Minimum requirements
Achievement level
English Home Language or
English First Additional Mathematics
APS
Language
NSC/IEB AS Level NSC/IEB AS Level
4 D 5 C 28

Other programme-specific information

The Dean may, on the recommendation of the programme manager, approve deviations with regard to the
composition of the study programme.

It remains the student’s responsibility to acertain, prior to registration, whether they comply with the
prerequisites of the modules they want to register for.

The prerequisites are listed in the Alphabetical list of modules.

A student must pass all the minimum prescribed and elective module credits as set out at the end of each year
within a programme as well as the total required credits to comply with the particular degree programme. Please
refer to the curricula of the respective programmes. At least 144 credits must be obtained at 300-/400-level, or
otherwise as indicated by curriculum. The minimum module credits needed to comply with degree requirements
is set out at the end of each study programme. Subject to the programmes as indicated a maximum of 150
credits will be recognised at 100-level. A student may, in consultation with the relevant head of department and
subject to the permission by the Dean, select or replace prescribed module credits not indicated in BSc three-
year study programmes to the equivalent of a maximum of 36 module credits.
It is important that the total number of prescribed module credits is completed during the course of the study

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programme. The Dean may, on the recommendation of the relevant head of department, approve deviations in
this regard. Subject to the programmes as indicated in the respective curricula, a student may not register for
more than 75 module credits per semester at first-year level subject to permission by the Dean. A student may
be permitted to register for up to 80 module credits in a the first semester during the first year provided that he
or she obtained a final mark of no less than 70% for grade 12 Mathematics and achieved an APS of 34 or more in
the NSC.

Students who are already in possession of a bachelor’s degree, will not receive credit for modules of which the
content overlap with modules from the degree that was already conferred. Credits will not be considered for
more than half the credits passed previously for an uncompleted degree. No credits at the final-year or 300- and
400-level will be granted.

Promotion to next study year

A student will be promoted to the following year of study if he or she passed 100 credits of the prescribed credits
for a year of study, unless the Dean on the recommendation of the relevant head of department decides
otherwise. A student who does not comply with the requirements for promotion to the following year of study,
retains the credit for the modules already passed and may be admitted by the Dean, on recommendation of the
relevant head of department, to modules of the following year of study to a maximum of 48 credits, provided that
it will fit in with both the lecture and examination timetable.
General promotion requirements in the faculty
All students whose academic progress is not acceptable can be suspended from further studies.
● A student who is excluded from further studies in terms of the stipulations of the abovementioned regulations,
will be notified in writing by the Dean or Admissions Committee at the end of the relevant semester.
● A student who has been excluded from further studies may apply in writing to the Admissions Committee of the
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences for re-admission.
● Should the student be re-admitted by the Admissions Committee, strict conditions will be set which the student
must comply with in order to proceed with his/her studies.
● Should the student not be re-admitted to further studies by the Admissions Committee, he/she will be informed
in writing.
● Students who are not re-admitted by the Admissions Committee have the right to appeal to the Senate Appeals
Committee.
● Any decision taken by the Senate Appeals Committee is final.

Pass with distinction

A student obtains his or her degree with distinction if all prescribed modules at 300-level (or higher) are
passed in one academic year with a weighted average of at least 75%, and obtain at least a
subminimum of 65% in each of the relevant modules.

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Curriculum: Year 1
Minimum credits: 140

Fundamental = 12 credits
Core = 96 credits
Elective = 30 credits
Additional information:
Choose electives according to the following combinations with a view to pursuing specialisation in the relevant
field:
● Physics: PHY 114 & PHY 124 (32 credits)
● Chemistry: CMY 117 & CMY 127 (32 credits)
● Economics: EKN 110, EKN 120 and one of FRK 111 or OBS 114 or FBS 112 (30 credits) (Please note: If FRK is
selected as an elective, INF 183 has to be taken as well.)
Students who want to take other electives must consult the undergraduate Programme Coordinator in the
Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics.

Fundamental modules
Academic information management 111 (AIM 111)
Module credits 4.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Humanities
Service modules
Faculty of Law
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Faculty of Theology and Religion
Prerequisites No prerequisites.
Contact time 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Information Science
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Find, evaluate, process, manage and present information resources for academic purposes using appropriate
technology.

Academic information management 121 (AIM 121)

Module credits 4.00
NQF Level 05

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 Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Humanities
Service modules Faculty of Law
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Faculty of Theology and Religion
Faculty of Veterinary Science
Prerequisites No prerequisites.
Contact time 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Informatics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Apply effective search strategies in different technological environments. Demonstrate the ethical and fair use of
information resources. Integrate 21st-century communications into the management of academic information.

Language and study skills 110 (LST 110)

Module credits 6.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Service modules
Faculty of Veterinary Science
Prerequisites No prerequisites.
Contact time 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Unit for Academic Literacy
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
The module aims to equip students with the ability to cope with the reading and writing demands of scientific
disciplines.

Academic orientation 102 (UPO 102)

Module credits 0.00
NQF Level 00
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Natural and Agricultural Sciences Deans Office
Period of presentation Year

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Core modules
Mathematical statistics 111 (WST 111)
Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites At least 5 (60-69%) in Mathematics in the Grade 12 examination
Contact time 1 practical per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Characterisation of a set of measurements: Graphical and numerical methods. Random sampling. Probability
theory. Discrete and continuous random variables. Probability distributions. Generating functions and moments.

Mathematical statistics 121 (WST 121)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites WST 111 GS or WST 133, 143 and 153
Contact time 1 practical per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Sampling distributions and the central limit theorem. Statistical inference: Point and interval estimation.
Hypothesis testing with applications in one and two-sample cases. Introductory methods for: Linear regression
and correlation, analysis of variance, categorical data analysis and non-parametric statistics. Identification, use,
evaluation and interpretation of statistical computer packages and statistical techniques.

Calculus 114 (WTW 114)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05

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 Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Humanities
Prerequisites 60% for Mathematics in Grade 12
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
*This module serves as preparation for students majoring in Mathematics (including all students who intend to
enrol for WTW 218 and WTW 220). Students will not be credited for more than one of the following modules for
their degree: WTW 114, WTW 158, WTW 134, WTW 165.
Functions, limits and continuity. Differential calculus of single variable functions, rate of change, graph
sketching, applications. The mean value theorem, the rule of L'Hospital. Definite and indefinite integrals,
evaluating definite integrals using anti-derivatives, the substitution rule.

Discrete structures 115 (WTW 115)

Module credits 8.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites 50% for Mathematics in Grade 12
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Propositional logic: truth tables, logical equivalence, implication, arguments. Mathematical induction and well-
ordering principle. Introduction to set theory. Counting techniques: elementary probability, multiplication and
addition rules, permutations and combinations, binomial theorem, inclusion-exclusion rule.

Numerical analysis 123 (WTW 123)

Module credits 8.00
NQF Level 05
Service modules Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Prerequisites WTW 114
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 lectures per week

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Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Non-linear equations, numerical integration, initial value problems for differential equations, systems of linear
equations. Algorithms for elementary numerical techniques are derived and implemented in computer
programmes. Error estimates and convergence results are treated.

Mathematics 124 (WTW 124)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WTW 114
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
*Students will not be credited for more than one of the following modules for their degree:
WTW 124, WTW 146, WTW 148 and WTW 164. This module serves as preparation for students majoring in
Mathematics (including all students who intend to enrol for WTW 218, WTW 211 and WTW 220).
The vector space Rn, vector algebra with applications to lines and planes, matrix algebra, systems of linear
equations, determinants. Complex numbers and factorisation of polynomials. Integration techniques and
applications of integration. The formal definition of a limit. The fundamental theorem of Calculus and
applications. Vector functions and quadratic curves.

Mathematical modelling 152 (WTW 152)

Module credits 8.00
NQF Level 05
Service modules Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Prerequisites 50% for Mathematics in Grade 12
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1

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Module content
The module serves as an introduction to computer programming as used in science. Modelling of dynamical
processes using difference equations; curve fitting and linear programming are studied. Applications are drawn
from real-life situations in, among others, finance, economics and ecology.

Dynamical processes 162 (WTW 162)

Module credits 8.00
NQF Level 05
Service modules Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Prerequisites WTW 114
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
*Students will not be credited for more than one of the following modules for their degree: WTW 162 and WTW
264.
Introduction to the modelling of dynamical processes using elementary differential equations. Solution methods
for first order differential equations and analysis of properties of solutions (graphs). Applications to real life
situations.

Elective modules
General chemistry 117 (CMY 117)
Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Veterinary Science
A candidate must have Mathematics for at least 60% and 60% for Physical
Prerequisites
Sciences.
Contact time 1 practical per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Semester 1

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Module content
General introduction to inorganic, analytical and physical chemistry. Atomic structure and periodicity. Molecular
structure and chemical bonding using the VSEOR model. Nomenclature of inorganic ions and compounds.
Classification of reactions: precipitation, acid-base, redox reactions and gas-forming reactions. Mole concept and
stoichiometric calculations concerning chemical formulas and chemical reactions. Principles of reactivity: energy
and chemical reactions. Physical behaviour gases, liquids, solids and solutions and the role of intermolecular
forces. Rate of reactions: Introduction to chemical kinetics.

General chemistry 127 (CMY 127)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Health Sciences
Faculty of Veterinary Science
Natural and Agricultural Sciences students: CMY 117 GS or CMY 154 GS Health
Prerequisites
Sciences students: none
Contact time 1 practical per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Theory: General physical-analytical chemistry: Chemical equilibrium, acids and bases, buffers, solubility
equilibrium, entropy and free energy, electrochemistry. Organic chemistry: Structure (bonding), nomenclature,
isomerism, introductory stereochemistry, introduction to chemical reactions and chemical properties of organic
compounds and biological compounds, i.e. carbohydrates and aminoacids. Practical: Molecular structure (model
building), synthesis and properties of simple organic compounds.

Economics 110 (EKN 110)

Module credits 10.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites No prerequisites.
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics

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Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
This module deals with the core principles of economics. A distinction between macroeconomics and
microeconomics is made. A discussion of the market system and circular flow of goods, services and money is
followed by a section dealing with microeconomic principles, including demand and supply analysis, consumer
behaviour and utility maximisation, production and the costs thereof, and the different market models and firm
behaviour. Labour market institutions and issues, wage determination, as well as income inequality and poverty
are also addressed. A section of money, banking, interest rates and monetary policy concludes the course.

Economics 120 (EKN 120)

Module credits 10.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
EKN 110 GS or EKN 113 GS and at least 4 (50-59%) in Mathematics in the Grade
Prerequisites
12 examination or 60% in STK 113 and concurrently registered for STK 123
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
This module deals with the core principles of economics, especially macroeconomic measurement the private
and public sectors of the South African economy receive attention, while basic macroeconomic relationships and
the measurement of domestic output and national income are discussed. Aggregate demand and supply
analysis stands core to this course which is also used to introduce students to the analysis of economic growth,
unemployment and inflation. The microeconomics of government is addressed in a separate section, followed by
a section on international economics, focusing on international trade, exchange rates and the balance of
payments. The economics of developing countries and South Africa in the global economy conclude the course.

Financial management 112 (FBS 112)

Module credits 10.00
NQF Level 05
Service modules Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
At least 6 (70-79%) in Mathematics in the Grade 12 examination or WTW 133
Prerequisites
(60%), WTW 143 (60%), WST 133 (60%) and WST 143 (60%).
Contact time 3 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English

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Department Financial Management
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
*Only for students in BSc (Actuarial and Financial Mathematics), BSc (Mathematics), BSc (Applied Mathematics),
BSc (Mathematical Statistics), BSc Extended programme – Mathematical Sciences and BCom (Statistics) who
comply with the set prerequisites.

Key principles of financial management. Company ownership. Taxation. Introduction to financial statements.
Structure of financial statements. Depreciation and reserves. Preparing financial statements. Group financial
statements and insurance company financial statements. Interpretation of financial statements. Limitation of
financial statements. Issue of share capital.

Financial accounting 111 (FRK 111)

Module credits 10.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Law
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites No prerequisites.
Contact time 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Accounting
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
The nature and function of accounting; the development of accounting; financial position; financial result; the
recording process; processing of accounting data; treatment of VAT; elementary income statement and balance
sheet; flow of documents; accounting systems; introduction to internal control and internal control measures;
bank reconciliations; control accounts; adjustments; financial statements of a sole proprietorship; the accounting
framework.

Informatics 183 (INF 183)

Module credits 3.00
NQF Level 05
Prerequisites No prerequisites.
Contact time 1 practical per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Informatics

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Period of presentation Year
Module content
Computer processing of accounting information.

Business management 114 (OBS 114)

Module credits 10.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites May not be included in the same curriculum as OBS 155
Contact time 3 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Business Management
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
The entrepreneurial mind-set; managers and managing; values, attitudes, emotions, and culture: the manager
as a person; ethics and social responsibility; decision making; leadership and responsible leadership; effective
groups and teams; managing organizational structure and culture inclusive of the different functions of a generic
organisation and how they interact (marketing; finance; operations; human resources and general
management); contextualising Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in each of the topics.

First course in physics 114 (PHY 114)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules
Faculty of Education
A candidate must have passed Mathematics and Physical Science with at least
Prerequisites
60% in the Grade 12 examination
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 1 practical per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Physics
Period of presentation Semester 1

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Module content
SI-units. Significant figures. Waves: intensity, superposition, interference, standing waves, resonance, beats,
Doppler. Geometrical optics: Reflection, refraction, mirrors, thin lenses, instruments. Physical optics: Young-
interference, coherence, diffraction, polarisation. Hydrostatics and dynamics: density, pressure, Archimedes’
principle, continuity, Bernoulli. Heat: temperature, specific heat, expansion, heat transfer. Vectors. Kinematics of
a point: Relative, projectile, and circular motion. Dynamics: Newton’s laws, friction. Work: point masses, gasses
(ideal gas law), gravitation, spring, power. Kinetic energy: Conservative forces, gravitation, spring. Conservation
of energy. Conservation of momentum. Impulse and collisions. System of particles: Centre of mass, Newton’s
laws. Rotation: torque, conservation of angular momentum, equilibrium, centre of gravity.

First course in physics 124 (PHY 124)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 05
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules
Faculty of Education
Prerequisites WTW 114 GS and PHY 114 GS
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 1 practical per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Physics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Simple harmonic motion and pendulums. Coulomb’s law. Electric field: dipoles, Gauss’ law.Electric potential.
Capacitance. Electric currents: resistance, resistivity, Ohm’s law, energy, power, emf, RC-circuits. Magnetic
Field: Hall-effect, Bio-Savart. Faraday’s and Lenz’s laws. Oscillations: LR-circuits. Alternating current: RLC-
circuits, power, transformers. Introductory concepts to modern physics. Nuclear physics: Radioactivity.

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Curriculum: Year 2
Minimum credits: 132

Core = 84 credits
Elective = 48 credits
Additional information:
Choose electives according to the following combinations with a view to pursuing specialisation in the relevant
field:
● Physics: PHY 255 & PHY 263 (48 credits)
● Chemistry: CMY 282, CMY 283, CMY 284 & CMY 285 (48 credits)
● Economics: EKN 214, EKN 224 & EKN 234 (48 credits)
● Statistics: WST 211 & WST 221 (48 credits)
Students who want to take other electives must consult the undergraduate Programme Coordinator in the
Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics.

Core modules
Linear algebra 211 (WTW 211)
Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WTW 124
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
This is an introduction to linear algebra on Rn. Matrices and linear equations, linear combinations and spans,
linear independence, subspaces, basis and dimension, eigenvalues, eigenvectors, similarity and diagonalisation
of matrices, linear transformations.

Calculus 218 (WTW 218)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WTW 114 and WTW 124

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Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Calculus of multivariable functions, directional derivatives. Extrema and Lagrange multipliers. Multiple integrals,
polar, cylindrical and spherical coordinates.

Analysis 220 (WTW 220)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WTW 114 and WTW 124, WTW 211 and WTW 218
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
*This module is recommended as an elective only for students who intend to enrol for WTW 310 and/or WTW
320. Students will not be credited for more than one of the following modules for their degree: WTW 220 and
WTW 224.
Properties of real numbers. Analysis of sequences and series of real numbers. Power series and theorems of
convergence. The Bolzano-Weierstrass theorem. The intermediate value theorem and analysis of real-valued
functions on an interval. The Riemann integral: Existence and properties of the interval.

Linear algebra 221 (WTW 221)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WTW 211 and WTW 218
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics

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Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Abstract vector spaces, change of basis, matrix representation of linear transformations, orthogonality,
diagonalisability of symmetric matrices, some applications.

Vector analysis 248 (WTW 248)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules
Faculty of Education
Prerequisites WTW 218
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Vectors and geometry. Calculus of vector functions with applications to differential geometry, kinematics and
dynamics. Vector analysis, including vector fields, line integrals of scalar and vector fields, conservative vector
fields, surfaces and surface integrals, the Theorems of Green, Gauss and Stokes with applications.

Discrete structures 285 (WTW 285)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Prerequisites WTW 115
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Setting up and solving recurrence relations. Equivalence and partial order relations. Graphs: paths, cycles, trees,
isomorphism. Graph algorithms: Kruskal, Prim, Fleury. Finite state automata.

Differential equations 286 (WTW 286)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06

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 Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WTW 114, WTW 124 and WTW 162
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
*Students will not be credited for more than one of the modules for their degree: WTW 264, WTW 286
Theory and solution methods for ordinary differential equations and initial value problems: separable and linear
first-order equations, linear equations of higher order, systems of linear equations. Application to mathematical
models. Numerical methods applied to nonlinear systems.Qualitative analysis of linear systems.

Elective modules
Physical chemistry 282 (CMY 282)
Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 117 and CMY 127
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 2
Module content
Theory: Classical chemical thermodynamics, gases, first and second law and applications, physical changes of
pure materials and simple compounds. Phase rule: Chemical reactions, chemical kinetics, rates of reactions.

Analytical chemistry 283 (CMY 283)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 117 and CMY 127
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 3

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Module content
Statistical evaluation of data in line with ethical practice, gravimetric analysis, aqueous solution chemistry,
chemical equilibrium, precipitation-, neutralisation- and complex formation titrations, redox titrations,
potentiometric methods, introduction to electrochemistry. Examples throughout the course demonstrate the
relevance of the theory to meeting the sustainable development goals of clean water and clean, affordable
energy.

Organic chemistry 284 (CMY 284)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 117 and CMY 127
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 1
Module content
Resonance, conjugation and aromaticity. Acidity and basicity. Introduction to 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Electrophilic addition: alkenes. Nucleophilic substitution, elimination, addition: alkyl halides, alcohols, ethers,
epoxides, carbonyl compounds: ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids and their derivatives Training in an ethical
approach to safety that protects self, others and the environment is integral to the practical component of the
course.

Inorganic chemistry 285 (CMY 285)

Module credits 12.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 117 and CMY 127
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 4

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Module content
Atomic structure, structure of solids (ionic model). Coordination chemistry of transition metals: Oxidation states
of transition metals, ligands, stereochemistry, crystal field theory, consequences of d-orbital splitting, chemistry
of the main group elements, electrochemical properties of transition metals in aqueous solution, industrial
applications of transition metals. Fundamentals of spectroscopy and introduction to IR spectroscopy. During
practical training students learn to acquire and report data ethically. Practical training also deals with the misuse
of chemicals and appropriate waste disposal to protect the environment and meet the UN sustainable
development goals.

Economics 214 (EKN 214)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
EKN 110 GS & EKN 120 OR EKN 113 GS & EKN 123; & STK 110 GS OR STK 113 &
STK 123 & STK 120/121 or concurrently registered for STK 120/121 OR WST 111
Prerequisites
& WST121 are prerequisites instead of STK 120/121 or WST 111 and concurrently
registered for WST 121.
Contact time 3 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Macroeconomics
From Wall and Bay Street to Diagonal Street: a thorough understanding of the mechanisms and theories
explaining the workings of the economy is essential. Macroeconomic insight is provided on the real market, the
money market, two market equilibrium, monetarism, growth theory, cyclical analysis, inflation, Keynesian
general equilibrium analysis and fiscal and monetary policy issues.

Economics 224 (EKN 224)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Education
Service modules Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
EKN 110 GS & EKN 120 OR EKN 113 GS & EKN 123; & STK 110 GS OR STK 113 &
STK 123 & STK 120/121 or concurrently registered for STK120/121 OR WST 111 &
Prerequisites
WST121 are prerequisites instead of STK 120/121 or WST 111 and concurrently
registered for WST 121.

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Contact time 3 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Microeconomics
Microeconomic insight is provided into: consumer and producer theory, general microeconomic equilibrium,
Pareto-optimality and optimality of the price mechanism, welfare economics, market forms and the production
structure of South Africa. Statistic and econometric analysis of microeconomic issues.

Economics 234 (EKN 234)

Module credits 16.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
EKN 214 and STK 120/121 or WST 121 OR concurrently registered for STK
Prerequisites
120/121 or WST 121.
Contact time 3 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Macroeconomics
Application of the principles learned in EKN 214 on the world we live in. We look at international markets and
dynamic macroeconomic models, and familiarise the students with the current macroeconomic policy debates.
We also take a look at the latest macroeconomic research in the world. The course includes topics of the
mathematical and econometric analysis of macroeconomic issues.

Waves, thermodynamics and modern physics 255 (PHY 255)

Module credits 24.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Education
[PHY114 and PHY124] or [PHY171] or [PHY143 and PHY153 and PHY163] and
Prerequisites
[WTW211#] and [WTW218#]
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 discussion classes per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English

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Department Physics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Vibrating systems and waves (14 lectures)
Simple harmonic motion (SHM). Superposition (different frequencies, equal frequencies). Perpendicular
vibrations (Lissajous figures). Damped SHM. Forced oscillations. Resonance. Q-value. Transverse wave motion.
Plane wave solution using method of separation of variables. Reflection and transmission at a boundary. Normal
and eigenmodes. Wave packets. Group velocity.
Modern physics (30 lectures)
Special relativity: Galilean and Lorentz transformations. Postulates. Momentum and energy. 4 vectors and
tensors. General relativity. Quantum physics. Failure of classical physics. Bohr model. Particle-wave duality.
Schrödinger equation. Piece-wise constant potentials. Tunneling. X-rays. Laser. Nuclear physics: Fission. Fusion.
Radioactivity.
Heat and thermodynamics (12 lectures)
Heat. First Law. Kinetic theory of gases. Mean free path. Ideal, Clausius, Van der Waals and virial gases. Entropy.
Second Law. Engines and refrigerators. Third Law. Thermodynamic potentials: Enthalpy Helmholtz and Gibbs
free energies, Chemical potential. Legendre transformations (Maxwell relations). Phase equilibrium. Gibbs phase
rule.
Modelling and simulation (7 practical sessions)
Introduction to programming in a high level system: Concept of an algorithm and the basic logic of a computer
programme. Symbolic manipulations, graphics, numerical computations. Applications: Selected illustrative
examples.
Error Analysis (7 practical sessions)
Experimental uncertainties. Propagation of uncertainties. Statistical analysis of random uncertainties. Normal
distribution. Rejection of data. Least-squares fitting. Covariance and correlation.

General physics 263 (PHY 263)

Module credits 24.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites PHY 255 GS and WTW 218 GS and WTW 220# and WTW 248#
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 discussion classes per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Physics
Period of presentation Semester 2

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Module content
Classical mechanics (28 lectures)
Fundamental concepts, energy and angular momentum, calculus of variations and Lagrangian mechanics,
conservative central forces and two body problems, scattering, mechanics in rotating reference frames, many
body systems.
Physical Optics (14 lectures)
Maxwell’s equations, wave equation and plane wave solution, coherence, interference,
diffraction, polarisation.
Physics of Materials (14 lectures)
Classification of materials. Atomic bonding. Crystallography. Defects. Material strength.
Phase diagram's, Ceramics. Polymers. Composites. Fracture. Electrical and
magnetic properties. Semiconductors. Smart materials Nanotechnology.
Experiments (14 sessions)

Mathematical statistics 211 (WST 211)

Module credits 24.00
NQF Level 06
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites WST 111, WST 121, WTW 114 GS and WTW 124 GS
Contact time 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Set theory. Probability measure functions. Random variables. Distribution functions. Probability mass functions.
Density functions. Expected values. Moments. Moment generating functions. Special probability distributions:
Bernoulli, binomial, hypergeometric, geometric, negative binomial, Poisson, Poisson process, discrete uniform,
uniform, gamma,exponential, Weibull, Pareto, normal. Joint distributions: Multinomial, extended hypergeometric,
joint continuous distributions. Marginal distributions. Independent random variables. Conditional distributions.
Covariance, correlation. Conditional expected values. Transformation of random variables: Convolution formula.
Order statistics. Stochastic convergence: Convergence in distribution. Central limit theorem. Practical
applications. Practical statistical modelling and analysis using statistical computer packages and the
interpretation of the output.

Mathematical statistics 221 (WST 221)

Module credits 24.00
NQF Level 06
Service modules Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites WST 211 GS

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Contact time 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Stochastic convergence: Asymptotic normal distributions, convergence in probability. Statistics and sampling
distributions: Chi-squared distribution. Distribution of the sample mean and sample variance for random samples
from a normal population. T-distribution. F-distribution. Beta distribution. Point estimation: Method of moments.
Maximum likelihood estimation. Unbiased estimators. Uniform minimum variance unbiased estimators. Cramer-
Rao inequality. Efficiency. Consistency. Asymptotic relative efficiency.
Bayes estimators. Sufficient statistics. Completeness. The exponential class. Confidence intervals. Test of
statistical hypotheses. Reliability and survival distributions. Practical applications. Practical statistical modelling
and analysis using statistical computer packages and the interpretation of the output.

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Curriculum: Final year
Minimum credits: 144

Core = 90 credits
Elective = 54 credits
Additional information:
Students may choose elective modules from Physics, Chemistry, Economics, Mathematical Statistics,
Mathematics and Financial Mathematics.
1. Students who wish to pursue an honours degree in Physics should take PHY 356 & PHY 364.
2. Students who wish to pursue an honours degree in Chemistry should take CMY 382, CMY 383 ,CMY
384 & CMY 385, with one of the modules for non-degree purposes.
3. Students who wish to pursue an honours degree in Economics should take EKN 310, EKN 320 & EKN
325
4. Students who wish to pursue an honours degree in Mathematical Statistics should take WST 311,
WST 312, WST 321, WST 322 & STK 353, with two of the modules for non-degree purposes.
5. Students who wish to pursue an honours degree in Mathematics should take WTW 381, WTW 320 &
WTW 389.
6. Students who wish to pursue an honours degree in Financial Mathematics should take WTW 354 &
WTW 364, and one module from WST 311, WST 312, WST 321 & WST 322.

Students who want to take other electives must consult the Undergraduate Programme Coordinator
in the Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics.

Core modules
Analysis 310 (WTW 310)
Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Education
Service modules Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Humanities
Prerequisites WTW 220
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Topology of finite dimensional spaces: Open and closed sets, compactness, connectedness and completeness.
Theorems of Bolzano-Weierstrass and Heine-Borel. Properties of continuous functions and applications.
Integration theory for functions of one real variable. Sequences of functions.

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Dynamical systems 382 (WTW 382)
Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Education
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WTW 218 and WTW 286/264
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Matrix exponential function: homogeneous and non-homogeneous linear systems of differential equations.
Qualitative analysis of systems: phase portraits, stability, linearisation, energy method and Liapunov's method.
Introduction to chaotic systems. Application to real life problems.

Numerical analysis 383 (WTW 383)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Humanities
Prerequisites WTW 114, WTW 123 WTW 124 and WTW 211
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Direct methods for the numerical solution of systems of linear equations, pivoting strategies. Iterative methods
for solving systems of linear equations and eigenvalue problems. Iterative methods for solving systems of
nonlinear equations. Introduction to optimization. Algorithms for the considered numerical methods are derived
and implemented in computer programmes. Complexity of computation is investigated. Error estimates and
convergence results are proved.

Partial differential equations 386 (WTW 386)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07

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 Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules
Faculty of Education
Prerequisites WTW 248 and WTW 286/264
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Conservation laws and modelling. Fourier analysis. Heat equation, wave equation and Laplace's equation.
Solution methods including Fourier series. Energy and other qualitative methods.

Continuum mechanics 387 (WTW 387)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Prerequisites WTW 248 and WTW 286/264
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Kinematics of a continuum: Configurations, spatial and material description of motion. Conservation laws.
Analysis of stress, strain and rate of deformation. Linear constitutive equations. Applications: Vibration of beams,
equilibrium problems in elasticity and special cases of fluid motion.

Elective modules
Physical chemistry 382 (CMY 382)
Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 282, CMY 283, CMY 284 and CMY 285
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 4

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Module content
Theory: Molecular quantum mechanics. Introduction: Shortcomings of classical physics, dynamics of microscopic
systems, quantum mechanical principles, translational, vibrational and rotational movement. Atomic structure
and spectra: Atomic hydrogen, multiple electron systems, spectra of complex atoms, molecular structure, the
hydrogen molecule ion, diatomic and polyatomic molecules, structure and properties of molecules. Molecules in
motion: Viscosity, diffusion, mobility. Surface chemistry: Physisorption and chemisorption, adsorption isotherms,
surface tension, heterogeneous catalytic rate reactions, capillarity.

Analytical chemistry 383 (CMY 383)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 282, CMY 283, CMY 284 and CMY 285
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 1
Module content
Separation methods: Extraction, multiple extraction, chromatographic systems. Spectroscopy: Construction of
instruments, atomic absorption and atomic emission spectrometry, surface analysis techniques. Mass
spectrometry. These techniques are discussed in terms of their use in environmental analysis and the value they
contribute to meeting the UN sustainable development goals (#3,6 & 11). Instrumental electrochemistry. The
relevance of electrochemistry to providing affordable and clean energy (UN SDG#7) is addressed.

Organic chemistry 384 (CMY 384)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 282, CMY 283, CMY 284 and CMY 285
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 3

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Module content
Theory: NMR spectroscopy: applications. Aromatic chemistry, Synthetic methodology in organic chemistry.
Carbon-carbon bond formation: alkylation at nucleophilic carbon sites, aldol and related condensations, Wittig
and related reactions, acylation of carbanions (Claisen condensation). Practical: Laboratory sessions are
designed to develop the rational thinking behind the design of organic chemistry experiments. An industrial
project specifically prepares students for work in SA industry context and honours projects. As part of this
practical programme the UN sustainable development goals must be considered in evaluating the best industrial
process.

Inorganic chemistry 385 (CMY 385)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites CMY 282, CMY 283, CMY 284 and CMY 285
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Chemistry
Period of presentation Quarter 2
Module content
Theory: Structure and bonding in inorganic chemistry. Molecular orbital approach, diatomic and polyatomic
molecules, three-centre bonds, metal-metal bonds, transition metal complexes, magnetic properties, electronic
spectra, reactivity and reaction mechanisms, reaction types, acid-base concepts, non-aqueous solvents, special
topics.

Economics 310 (EKN 310)

Module credits 20.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites EKN 214, EKN 234 or EKN 224, EKN 244
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics
Period of presentation Semester 1

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Module content
Public finance
Role of government in the economy. Welfare economics and theory of optimality. Ways of correcting market
failures. Government expenditure theories, models and programmes. Government revenue. Models on taxation,
effects of taxation on the economy. Assessment of taxation from an optimality and efficiency point of view.
South African perspective on public finance.

Economics 320 (EKN 320)

Module credits 20.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Humanities
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites EKN 310 GS
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Economic analyses
Identification, collection and interpretation process of relevant economic data; the national accounts (i.e. income
and production accounts, the national financial account, the balance of payments and input-output tables);
economic growth; inflation; employment, unemployment, wages, productivity and income distribution; business
cycles; financial indicators; fiscal indicators; social indicators; international comparisons; relationships between
economic time series - regression analysis; long-term future studies and scenario analysis; overall assessment of
the South African economy from 1994 onwards.

Economics 325 (EKN 325)

Module credits 20.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Humanities
Service modules
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites EKN 214, EKN 234
Contact time 1 discussion class per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Economics
Period of presentation Semester 2

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Module content
Economic policy and development: Capita select
The course provides an introduction to growth economics and also to some topics on development economics.
Firstly, historical evidence is covered and then the canonical Solow growth model and some of its empirical
applications (human capital and convergence). Secondly, the new growth theory (the AK and the Romer models
of endogenous growth) are covered. Some of the development topics to be covered include technology transfer,
social infrastructure and natural resources.

Electronics, electromagnetism and quantum mechanics 356 (PHY 356)

Module credits 36.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Education
PHY 255 GS and PHY 263 GS and WTW 211 GS and WTW 218 GS and WTW 248
Prerequisites
GS
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 discussion classes per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Physics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Electronics (14 lectures)
Thévenin and Norton equivalent circuits, superposition principle, RC, LC and LRC circuits. Semiconductor diode.
Bipolar transistor. Operational amplifiers. Computer controlled instrumentation.
Electromagnetism (21 lectures)
Electrostatics: Coulomb’s law, divergence and curl of E, Gauss’ law, Laplace’s equation, image charge problems,
multipole expansion.
Magnetostatics: Lorenz force, Biot-Savart law, divergence and curl of magnetic field strength, Ampère’s law,
magnetic vector potential, multipole expansion, boundary conditions.
Electrodynamics: Electromotive force, electromagnetic induction, Maxwell’s equations, wave equation.
Electric and magnetic fields in matter: Polarisation, electric displacement and Gauss’s law in dielectrics, linear
dielectrics. Magnetisation (diamagnets, paramagnets, ferromagnets), auxiliary field H and Ampère’s law in
magnetised materials, linear and nonlinear media.
Quantum mechanics (28 lectures)
The Schrödinger equation, the statistical interpretation of the wave function, momentum, the uncertainty
principle, the time-independent Schrödinger equation, stationary states, the infinite square well potential, the
harmonic oscillator, the free particle, the Delta-Function potential, the finite square well potential, Hilbert
spaces, observables, eigen functions of a Hermitian operator, Dirac notation, the Schrödinger equation in
spherical coordinates, the hydrogen atom, angular momentum spin.

Statistical mechanics, solid state physics and modelling 364 (PHY 364)
Module credits 36.00
NQF Level 07

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Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites PHY 356 and WTW 211 and WTW 218 and WTW 248 GS
Contact time 2 discussion classes per week, 2 practicals per week, 4 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Physics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Statistical mechanics (28 lectures)
Isolated systems in thermodynamical equilibrium. Systems in equilibrium with a heat bath: the canonical
ensemble, Gibbs' entropic formula, classical statistical mechanics, energy equipartition theorem,
thermodynamic potentials, paramagnetism.
The classical limit of perfect gases: non-distinguishable character of quantum particles, the equation of state of
the classical ideal gas. Quantum perfect gases: Black body radiation, the grand canonical ensemble, Fermi-Dirac
distribution, the free electron gas in metals, the Bose-Einstein distribution, Bose-Einstein condensation.
Solid state physics (28 lectures)
Crystal structures, the reciprocal lattice, x-ray diffraction, lattice vibration, the Debye model, characteristics of
solids, the free electron model, Pauli paramagnetism, electronic heat capacity, the relaxation time, electrical
conduction, the classical Hall effect, thermal conduction in metals, failures of the free electron model, the
independent electron model, band theory of solids.
Computational Physics and modelling. Assessment will be done through a portfolio of project reports. The topics
for the projects will be selected from various sub-disciplines of Physics.

The science of data analytics 353 (STK 353)

Module credits 25.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites STK 210, STK 220, WST 212 or WST 211, WST 221, WST 212
Contact time 1 practical per week, 3 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Data exploration. Data wrangling. Statistical coding. Algorithmic thinking. Sampling: basic techniques in
probability, non-probability, and resampling methods. Text mining and analytics. Machine learning: classification
and clustering. Statistical concepts are demonstrated and interpreted through practical coding and simulation
within a data science framework.

Multivariate analysis 311 (WST 311)

Module credits 18.00

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NQF Level 07
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Service modules
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites WST 211, WST 221, WTW 211 GS and WTW 218 GS
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Multivariate statistical distributions: Moments of a distribution, moment generating functions, independence.
Multivariate normal distribution: Conditional distributions, partial and multiple correlations. Distribution of
quadratic forms in normal variables. Multivariate normal samples: Estimation of the mean vector and covariance
matrix, estimation of correlation coefficients, distribution of the sample mean, sample covariance matrix.
Principal component analysis.The linear model: Models of full rank, least squares estimators, test of
hypotheses.The generalised linear model: Exponential family mean and variance, link functions, deviance and
residual analysis, test statistics, log- linear and logit models. Practical applications: Practical statistical modelling
and analysis using statistical computer packages and interpretation of the output.

Stochastic processes 312 (WST 312)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Service modules
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites WST 211, WST 221, WTW 211 GS and WTW 218 GS
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Definition of a stochastic process. Stationarity. Covariance stationary. Markov property. Random walk. Brownian
motion. Markov chains. Chapman-Kolmogorov equations. Recurrent and transient states. First passage time.
Occupation times. Markov jump processes. Poisson process. Birth and death processes. Structures of processes.
Structure of the time-homogeneous Markov jump process. Applications in insurance. Practical statistical
modelling, analysis and simulation using statistical computer packages and the interpretation of the output.

Time-series analysis 321 (WST 321)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07

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 Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Service modules
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites WST 211, WST 221, WTW 211 GS and WTW 218 GS
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Note: Only one of the modules WST 321 or STK 320 may be included in any study programme.
Stationary and non-stationary univariate time-series. Properties of autoregressive moving average (ARMA) and
autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) processes. Identification, estimation and diagnostic testing
of a time-series model. Forecasting. Multivariate time-series. Practical statistical modelling and analysis using
statistical computer packages, including that of social responsibility phenomena.

Actuarial statistics 322 (WST 322)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Service modules
Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences
Prerequisites WST 211, WST 221, WTW 211 GS and WTW 218 GS
Contact time 1 practical per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Statistics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Bayes estimation. Loss distributions. Reinsurance. Risk models. Ruin theory. Credibility theory. Extreme value
theory. Copulas. Practical statistical modelling and analysis using statistical computer packages.

Complex analysis 320 (WTW 320)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Education
Prerequisites WTW 218 and WTW 220
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics

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Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Series of functions, power series and Taylor series. Complex functions, Cauchy- Riemann equations, Cauchy's
theorem and integral formulas. Laurent series, residue theorem and calculation of real integrals using residues.

Financial engineering 354 (WTW 354)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WST 211, WTW 211 and WTW 218
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Mean variance portfolio theory. Market equilibrium models such as the capital asset pricing model. Factor
models and arbitrage pricing theory. Measures of investment risk. Efficient market hypothesis. Stochastic
models of security prices

Financial engineering 364 (WTW 364)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Service modules Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Prerequisites WST 211, WTW 124, WTW 218 and WTW 286/264
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Discrete time financial models: Arbitrage and hedging; the binomial model. Continuous time financial models:
The Black-Scholes formula; pricing of options and the other derivatives; interest rate models; numerical
procedures.

Algebra 381 (WTW 381)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07

University of Pretoria Yearbook 2021 | www.up.ac.za | 23:22:58 15/04/2024 | Page 35 of 36

 Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Faculty of Education
Service modules
Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences
Faculty of Humanities
Prerequisites WTW 114 and WTW 211
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 1
Module content
Group theory: Definition, examples, elementary properties, subgroups, permutation groups, isomorphism, order,
cyclic groups, homomorphisms, factor groups. Ring theory: Definition, examples, elementary properties, ideals,
homomorphisms, factor rings, polynomial rings, factorisation of polynomials. Field extensions, applications to
straight-edge and compass constructions.

Geometry 389 (WTW 389)

Module credits 18.00
NQF Level 07
Faculty of Engineering, Built Environment and Information Technology
Service modules Faculty of Education
Faculty of Humanities
Prerequisites WTW 211
Contact time 1 tutorial per week, 2 lectures per week
Language of tuition Module is presented in English
Department Mathematics and Applied Mathematics
Period of presentation Semester 2
Module content
Axiomatic development of neutral, Euclidean and hyperbolic geometry. Using models of geometries to show that
the parallel postulate is independent of the other postulates of Euclid.

The information published here is subject to change and may be amended after the publication of this information. The
General Regulations (G Regulations) apply to all faculties of the University of Pretoria. It is expected of students to
familiarise themselves well with these regulations as well as with the information contained in the General Rules section.
Ignorance concerning these regulations and rules will not be accepted as an excuse for any transgression.

University of Pretoria Yearbook 2021 | www.up.ac.za | 23:22:58 15/04/2024 | Page 36 of 36