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Basic Principles of Prestressing Analysis For Flexure

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Divyashree BM
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56 views2 pages

Basic Principles of Prestressing Analysis For Flexure

Uploaded by

Divyashree BM
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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4 Basic Principles

for Flexural
Design

4-1 Introduction
The basic principles and mathematical relationships used in the design and
analysis of prestressed-concrete flexural members are not unique to this type of
construction. Virtually all of the fundamental relationships are based upon the
normal, basic assumptions of elastic design, which form the basis of the study
of the strength of materials. Although the form in which the relationships appear
in a discussion of prestressed concrete may be somewhat modified to facilitate
their application, the student of engineering should have little difficulty in
understanding these modified relationships.
Two major forms of design problems are encountered by the engineer engaged
in the design of prestressed concrete flexural members. Such problems frequently
are referred to as the review of a member or as the design of a member.
The review of a member consists of determination of the concrete flexural
stresses and deflections under various conditions of service load and prestressing
in order to confirm their compliance with the applicable design criteria. In
addition, the strength of the member in bending, shear, and bond must be deter-
mined to equal or exceed the minimum strength requirements of the design
criteria. To review a member as described here, the dimensions of the concrete

95
J. R. Libby, Modern Prestressed Concrete
© Van Nostrand Reinhold 1990
96 I MODERN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

section, the properties of the materials, the amount and eccentricity of the
prestressing steel, the amount of the nonprestressed reinforcement, and the
amount of the web reinforcement must be known.
The design of a member consists of selecting and proportioning a concrete
section in which the stresses in the concrete do not exceed the permissible values
under any combination of service loads and prestressing. Design also includes
determination of the amount and eccentricity of the prestressing force required
for the specific section. An important aspect of the design of a member under
service load conditions is calculation of deflection and confirmation that the
predicted deflections will not exceed the maximum values permitted by appli-
cable design criteria and are within limits deemed acceptable to the designer.
The design of a member must include a study of the flexural strength that the
section can develop under design load, and a determination of the amount of
nonprestressed flexural reinforcing that may be required. Additionally, a study
of the shear stresses must be made, and the amount of web reinforcing required
for adequate shear strength under design loads must be determined. Consider-
ation of tendon development lengths, both for flexural strength and, in the case
of pretensioned tendons, for transfer length, is included in the design of a
member. It must be emphasized that the design of a flexural member normally
is done by trial. The designer must assume a concrete section and compute the
prestressing force and eccentricity required to confine the concrete stresses
within the allowable limits under all conditions of service loads. In addition to
confirming compliance with service loading criteria, the designer must make a
complete strength analysis in order to confirm compliance with the strength
requirements of the applicable design criteria. In the design process, several
adjustments of the trial section normally are required before a satisfactory
solution is found.
This chapter is devoted to a consideration of fundamental principles pertaining
to determination of the concrete stresses due to prestressing, determination of
the prestressing force and eccentricity required for a specific distribution of
stresses due to prestressing, consideration of the pressure line in simple flexural
members loaded in the elastic range, and other topics related to flexural analysis
and design. The problems given in this chapter are confined to the review type.
The procedures used in preparing preliminary designs by trial are treated in Sec.
9-8.
The elastic analysis and design of prestressed flexural members can be done
rapidly and accurately only after the fundamental theorems and axioms have
been thoroughly mastered. Many of the operations discussed in this chapter can
be done more rapidly by the use of the simple expedients treated in Chapter 7.
These classical methods should be well understood, however, before one
attempts to use the expedients. The design and analysis of continuous prestressed
members, which are treated in Chapter 10, also require complete familiarity
with the principles presented in this chapter.

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