Chemistry all answers of topics from 1 semestr

Topic 1.1
1.Determine the number of protons, neutrons, electrons in a magnesium atom
p+ = 12
e- = 12
n0 = 12
2. Calculate the number of neutrons in the potassium-39 nuclide
p+ = 19
e- = 19
n0 = 20
3. Choose a characteristic of the concept of "isotopes":
A)varieties of atoms of the same element, having the same nuclear charge, but
different mass
4. Find out the number of protons in the nucleus of an element whose atom
has 3 electrons less than a calcium atom:
D)17
5. Which quantum number determines the shape of the atomic orbitals.
D)The magnetic quantum number m
6. What are the values of orbital quantum number , if the value of principal
quantum number is equal 2:
B) 0,1,
7.Choose the correct statements:
D)nuclide - a kind of atoms with a certain nuclear charge and mass
8. Set nuclides in order of increasing number of neutrons in their atoms:
A) 35Cl
9. Using s, p, d, f notations, describe the orbital with the following quantum
numbers
(a) n = 2, l = 1, 2p
(b) n = 4, l = 0, 4s
(c) n = 5,l = 3, 5f
(d) n = 3, l = 2, 3d
(e) n=1 , l=0, 1s
(g) n=4, l=3, 4f
10. The quantum numbers of six electrons are given below. Which of the
electron is having lowest energy

11. The quantum numbers of six electrons are given below. Which of the
electron is having highest energy

12. What is the maximum number of electrons that may be present in all the
atomic orbitals with Principal quantum number 3 and azimuthal quantum
number 2?
B) 18

Topic 1.2
1.Molecules of which of the elements are monoatomic?
A) Ne
2. Indicate the formula of a substance with an ionic bond:
B) BaCl2
3. Define a substance with a covalent bond:
B) O2
4. Define a substance with a metal bond:
B) K
5. Determine the number of electrons required to complete the outer electron
layer for the atoms of the elements:
A) F – 1
B) S – 2
6. When an ionic bond is formed, electrons are transferred from
B) metal atoms to non-metal atoms
7. Indicate the formula of a substance with an ionic bond:
B) NaCl
8. Please state the correct statements.
B) Acids are made up of ions
C) Melting points of ionic compounds are high
D) When an ionic bond is formed, electrons are transferred from metal atoms to
non-metal atoms
9. Choose the correct statements:
A) In a water molecule-a polar bond
10. A covalent non-polar bond is formed by the interaction of which atoms
with each other:
C) Chlorine
11. Atoms are connected by a covalent polar bond:
B) fluorine and hydrogen
12. Indicate what is the number of external unpaired electrons in atoms
bromine – 1
and phosphorus – 3
13. Indicate the number of common (shared) electron pairs that form covalent
bonds between atoms in the H2S molecule – 2
14. In which row are all substances formed by a covalent bond?
C) N2, CH4, H2O
15.Longest bond length in a molecule:
B) H2S
16. The length of the covalent bond between atoms in molecules of substances
HBr, HCl, HF:
C) decreases
17. The strength of the covalent bond between atoms in molecules of
substances Cl2, F2, Br2:
A) increases then decreases
18. In a sample of aluminum, each atom gives up for general use 3 electron (s).
19. Which statements are correct? Metal bond:
A) Is the interaction of positive ions and free electrons
B) Occurs between metal atoms
20.Bond type in sodium chloride
A) Ionic bond
21. All substances of the series have high electrical conductivity and ductility:
D) silver, barium, nickel
22. For the production of products at the plant, a solid, refractory, water-
soluble material was needed. What type of bond should have a substance ,
chosen by the chemical technologist?
B) Ionic
23. It is not typical for a metal bond:
A) exists in metals and alloys when they are solid and liquid state
C) arises due to the interaction of positive ions and free electrons
D) has an electrostatic nature
24.Determine the type of the crystal lattice of the substance, if it is strong,
refractory, does not form solutions.
A) Atomic
25. Substances with an atomic crystal lattice are characterized by the
following properties:
A) High melting point
C) High strength
26.What type of chemical bond must be in a substance in order for it to form
a molecular crystal lattice?
C) Covalent non-polar
TOPIC 2.1
1.Which element has the larger radius of the atom?
B)S
2. In group A, with an increase in the atomic number, the following increase
(s):
C)acidic properties of higher hydroxides
3. Choose a chemical element with the most pronounced non-metallic
properties:
B)fluorine
4. Note a line of chemical elements in which the metallic properties of simple
substances increase sequentially:
C)beryllium, magnesium, potassium
5. The relative molecular weight of the hydrogen compound of the Group VIA
non-metal is 18. Define the non-metal.
B) oxygen
6. Mark a line of chemical elements in which the metallic properties of simple
substances gradually decrease:
B)strontium, calcium, magnesium
7. The relative molecular weight of the hydrogen compound of a Group VIA
non-metal is 81. What non-metal is included in the compound?
?
8.Choose a range of higher oxides in which their basic properties are
progressively weakened:
A)CO2, SiO2, GeO2
9. Choose substances that react with a higher oxide of a chemical element, in
the atom of which there are two electronic layers, and on the outer level there
are five electrons:
C)K3PO4
TOPIC 2.2
1.Mark the symbols of elements that in the compounds exhibit only positive
oxidation state:
A)Cl
2. Write down the maximum oxidation state for bromine.
B)-1
3. Show the minimum oxidation state for sulfur:
B)-2
4.Choose the correct statements:
D)the maximum oxidation state of sulfur is +6
A)the oxidation state can be positive or negative
5. Determine the oxidation state of the element in its oxide SO3.
B)+6 or D)+4
6. Determine what are the oxidation states of atoms in the ClO-4 ion:
A)+7,-2
7. Arrange the formulas of substances in order of increasing oxidation state of
chlorine atoms:
1. CaCl2 2. HClO 3. Cl2O5. 4.HClO4
8.Show a diagram of the reduction process:
?
9. Which process the diagram reflects:
Cu+2 + 2e− → Cu0.
A)oxidation
10. Choose the correct statement. Reduction is a process:
B)transformation of a positive particle into a negative
11.In redox reactions, the carbon can be:
C)and an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent
12. Choose the correct statements:
A)an atom with a minimum oxidation state can only be a reducing agent
B)the oxidizing agent is reduced during the reaction
13. The following reaction, is it a redox reaction:
2NO + O2 = 2NO2.
B)No
14. The oxidizing agent in the following reaction is:
NaI + Cl2 → NaCl + I2
B) Cl2
15.If process is described by this scheme X+2+3e− then what will be the
oxidation number of the formed particle:
A)-1

TOPIC 3.1
1.Determine the change in thermal energy when 115 mL of water is heated
from 19.6 °C to 98.8 °C.
A)38,162kj
2. After coming in from outside, a student makes a cup of instant hot
chocolate by heating water in a microwave. What is the gain in thermal
energy if a cup (250 mL) of tap water is increased in temperature from 15 °C
to 95 °C?
A)83800kj
3. In a simple calorimetry experiment involving a burning candle and a can of
water, the temperature of 100 mL of water increases from 16.4 °C to 25.2 °C
when the candle is burned for several minutes. What is the enthalpy change?
C)3687,2kj
4. The formula for finding the heat of reaction (enthalpy change):
A) ∆𝐻=∑1▒〖∆(𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡)−∑1▒〖∆𝐻(𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡)〗〗
5.A source of energy that is an alternative to fossil fuels is
B. solar
6. The quantity of thermal energy required to raise the temperature of a unit
mass of a substance by one degree Celsius is referred to as
C. specific heat capacity
TOPIC 3.2
1.Complete the sentence.
Chemical reaction rate ...
B)depends on temperature
2. Note which of the statements is true for the law of mass action:
A)concentration of liquid substances cannot be written into the kinetic equation
3. Choose the correct statements (multiple answers):
A)the dependence of the reaction rate on temperature expresses the Van't Hoff rule
B)intermediate compounds of substances with a catalyst can increase the reaction
rate

4.Choose the correct statement for homogeneous catalysis :

C)the catalyst is in the same state of aggregation as the reactants
5. Determine the reaction rate
A + B = AB,
if the initial concentration of substance B was 3.9 mol / l, and after 2 seconds,
the concentration of substance B became 1.8 mol / l .
1,05 mol/l
6. Find how many times the reaction speed will increase
A + 2B = AB
with an increase in the concentration of the starting reagents 5 times (s).
125 times
7. Calculate how many times the reaction rate will increase
B + C = BC,
if the initial temperature was 20 ° С, and after a while became 60 ° C. The
temperature coefficient of the reaction is 2.
16 times increases
TOPIC 3.3
1.The expression of the equilibrium constant for following reaction :
wA + xB ⇄ yC + zD

[C]y [D]z
w x
A) K= [A] [B]
2)1.000 mole of H2 gas and 1.000 mole of I2 vapor are introduced into a 5.00-
liter sealed flask. The mixture is heated to a certain temperature and the
following reaction occurs until equilibrium is established.
 H2(g) + I2(g) ⇄ 2HI(g)
At equilibrium, the mixture is found to contain 0,316 mole of HI. What
are the concentration of H2, at equilibrium?
B) 0,042mol/l

3.On the base Le-Shatelie principle predict the reaction direction of following
reaction :
2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2 SO3(g); ∆Ho = -180 kJ
A) When pressure is increased - right
B) When pressure is decreased - left
C) When temperature is increased - left
D) When temperature is decreased - right
E) When concentration of SO3 is increased - left
F) When concentration of SO3 is decreased - right
J) When concentration of O2 is increased - right
H) When concentration of O2 is decreased - left
TOPIC 3.4
1.Whose definition of acids and bases emphasizes the role of protons?
a. Brønsted and Lowry
2. An electron-pair acceptor is a
c. Lewis acid.
3. Which statement about Arrhenius acids is FALSE?
D. They increase the concentration of hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
4.A buffer solution comprises which of the following?
d) A weak acid and its conjugate base in solution
5. Which of the following structures represents the conjugate acid of HPO42- ?
a) H2PO4-
6.If NaOH is added in CH3COOH/CH3COONa buffer than hydroxyl ions
yielded by NaOH removed as:
A) Water
7.If HCl is added in CH3COOH/CH3COONa buffer than hydrogen ions
yielded by HCl removed as:
B) Acetic acid
TOPIC 4.1
1.The analysis which determines the presence or absence of a particular
compound, but not the mass or concentration.
A)Quantitative analysis
2. The physical method of analysis which is based on intensity of emission of
radiation.
C)Fluorimetry
3. The classical methods of analysis
D)Gravimetric method
4.In chromatography the mixture dissolved in a fluid is:
B)mobile phase
5. What is the Rf value of the chromatography shown in the picture?
0,5

TOPIC 4.2
1.Cl2 reacts with substance (s):
B)LiI
C)CuBr2
2.Note the property of hydrogen chloride:
A)forms a white precipitate with silver nitrate
C)discolors indicators
D)heavier than air
3.Choose the correct statements:
C)hydrochloric acid is a part of gastric juice
D)bromine compounds are used in medicine
4.In the series F - Cl - Br - I, it decreases:
C)Electronegativity
5. Fluorine has the highest melting point among halogens. A)False
6.Bromine has the highest electronegativity among halogens.
A)False
7. Hydrochloric acid does not react with the substance:
D)K2SO4
8.All substances of the series enter into a reaction with hydrochloric acid:
B)Ca(OH)2, CaO, CaCO3
D)Ba(OH)2, AgNO3, Na2S
TOPIC 4.3
1.Choose which of the listed elements belongs to alkaline earth metals?
C)Elements of the second A group of D. I. Mendeleev's Periodic Table
2. Choose the correct statement regarding alkaline earth metals:
B)alkaline earth metals have a metallic luster
3.Indicate which pairs of substances interact to form calcium hydroxide:
B)Ca oxide and water
D)Ca and water
4. Check all statements that are true for calcium carbonate:
B)used for lime production
C)solid
D)can be converted into bicarbonate when passed through a solution of carbon
dioxide
5.Check all statements that are true of barium sulfate:
A)insoluble in sulfuric acid
C)it can be obtained by the interaction of barium oxide and sulfuric acid
D)Odorless
6. In the proposed list, choose the correct judgment about alkaline earth
metals in the series strontium - barium - radium:
A)electronegativity decreases
TOPIC 4.4
1.Indicate the formula for saltpeter: C)NaNO3
2.Choose the name of the substance whose formula is NO:
B)nitric oxide (II)
3. Nitric acid is used:
C)to obtain saltpeter
4.Specify the characteristic of nitrogen:
B)reacts with oxygen at high temperature
5. Is it a chemical element or a simple substance in the sentence?
The air contains 78% nitrogen.
B)Simple substance
6. Choose the structural features of the nitrogen molecule:
C)consists of two identical atoms
D)atoms are linked by a triple bond
7.Choose the properties of ammonium salts:
B)formed in the reaction of ammonia with acids
C)have an ionic structure
8.Choose rows, in each of which all substances react with nitric acid.
A)Ag2O, CuO, Na2CO3
9. Determine what nitrogen is in the reaction - an oxidizing agent or a
reducing agent:
6Li + N2 = 2Li3N.
A) Oxidizing agent
10.Establish a correspondence between the formula of a substance and its
characteristics.
 1 - N2, 2 - NH3, 3 - HNO3, 4 - NO2;
a - does not react with water - 1
b - yellow-green gas - 4
c - dissolves indefinitely in water - 3
d - formed by oxidation of nitrogen oxide (II) - 4
e - the process of dissolution in water is accompanied by a reaction – 2
TOPIC 4.5
1.Note the name of the substance with the composition CaS:
D)calcium sulfide
2.Sulfur (IV) oxide in redox reactions due to sulfur atoms
C) can be both an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent
3. Pure sulfuric acid is an oily, colorless liquid.
B) True
4.Diluted sulfuric acid does not react with copper.
B)True
5.Choose the characteristic of sulfur:
B)not wetted with water
6. Sulfur (VI) oxide has the following properties:
C)only oxidizing properties
7.Sulfur (IV) oxide has the following properties:
B)gaseous state under normal conditions
C)formation of sulfites in reactions with alkalis
8.Diluted sulfuric acid differs from concentrated sulfuric acid:
A) By the ability to displace all other acids from solid salts
B) By the formation of sulfates in reactions with metal hydroxides
D) By theevolution of hydrogen when interacting with iron
9. Diluted sulfuric acid differs from concentrated sulfuric acid:
A) By the oxidizing properties due to the hydrogen atom
C) By the reaction with amphoteric hydroxides
D) By the ability to react with carbonates
10. Only diluted sulfuric acid reacts with all substances of the series:
B) Ag2O, CuOH, Na2CO3
C) Fe, BaCO3, CuO
11.Only concentrated sulfuric acid reacts with all substances of the series:
C)Hg, Mg (OH)2, ZnO D)CaO, Cu (OH)2, CuO
12. Establish a correspondence between the formula of a substance and its
characteristics.
1 - SO2, 2 - SO3, 3 - H2S, 4 - H2SO4;(conc.)
a - is formed during the decay of proteins - 3
b - can react with copper – 4
c - in the presence of a catalyst, it is oxidized with oxygen – 1
d - formed during the catalytic oxidation of sulfur dioxide - 2
d - does not dissolve in water – NO(according to agai^s words)
TOPIC 4.6
1. Select the characteristic of red phosphorus:
C)reacts with oxygen only when ignited
2. Choose the property of phosphoric acid:
B)forms three rows of salts
3. Choose hydrogen phosphate formula:
С)(NH4)2HPO4
4.A compound of the composition Ba (H2PO4)2 is called:
D)barium dihydrogen phosphate
5. White and red phosphorus differ in the type of crystal lattice.
А)True
6. White and red phosphorus are similar in color.
D)False
7. Phosphorus (V) oxide reacts with substances:
В)Na2O
С)NaOH
8.Phosphoric acid reacts with substances:
А)KOH
В)Na2O
9. Phosphoric acid does not react with the substance:
A)CO2
10. Establish an accordance between a substance and its characteristics.
1 - white phosphorus; 2 - red phosphorus; 3 - phosphoric acid;
4 - phosphorus (V) oxide; 5 - phosphine.
a - used for the production of mineral fertilizers - 3
b - forms acid when interacting with water - 4
c - consists of tetraatomic molecules – 1
d - can turn into white phosphorus – 2
e - formed by the action of water on phosphides – 5
TOPIC 4.7
1.Which of the following is not a transition metal?
D)Potassium
2. Transition metals and alkali metals have a few features in common but are
different in many ways. Which of the following statements is false?
A)Transition metals produce less colorful compounds than alkali metals.
3.Copper is a transition metal, while sodium is an alkali metal. Which of the
following tests would yield similar results for these metals?
D)Using a hammer to change their shape
E)Testing if they are electrically conductive
4.Which of the following statements explains why two versions of iron
hydroxide, Fe(OH)3 and Fe(OH)2,exist?
E)Transition metals can have more than one ion.
5.Which of the following is not a common property of most transition metals?
B)Transition metals have a low density.
6. Which of the following is not a reason why the transition metal copper is
used in wiring?
D)Copper is colored.
7.Which of the following statements explains why platinum, palladium, and
rhodium are used in converters in car exhausts?
A)Transition metals make good catalysts.
8.A complex ion consists of six CN- ions joined by dative bonds to a
Mn 3+ ion.What is the formula of the complex ion?
C) [Mn(CN)6]-3
9.A complex ion has the formula [Cr(NH3)4(Cl)2]+.What is the oxidation state
of chromium ion? +3
TOPIC 4.8
1.Green chemistry is more expensive than traditional chemistry?
b) False
2. Which of the following are among the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry?
c) Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents
3. Green chemists reduce risk by?
A)Reducing the hazard inherent in a chemical product or process
4.Which of the following is the greenest solvent?
D)Water
5. Bio-polymers exemplify Green Chemistry Principle # 10, which is?
d) Design for degradation
6. The use of solar power is covered within Green Chemistry Principle #6,
which is?
B)Design for energy efficiency
7.Green chemistry can reduce all but which of the following?
c) Awareness
8.Biodiesel is an example of which of the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry?
B)#7 – Use of renewable feedstocks
9. This ‘green’ chemical is used in household cleaners to remove stains
and is also a favorite dressing on salads!?
a) Vinegar (acetic acid)
TOPIC 4.9
1.Natural organic matter:
C) Cellulose

2. Synthetic organic matter:

A) Rubber
3. Indicate incorrect statements:
D)the properties of a substance are determined only by its composition
4.Organic substances include:
C)C15H31COOH
D)CH4
5.Determine the method for depicting the composition of a substance:

C) Condenced structural formula

6. Calculate the mass fraction of carbon in a substance whose formula is
C5H10.
85,7
7.Determine which group of organic compounds the substance belongs to, the

formula of which
B)Unsaturated hydrocarbons
8. Find the number of electrons contained in one C6H6 molecule.
How many of them are involved in the formation of covalent bonds in this
molecule?
A) the C6H6 molecule contains 42 electrons, of which 30 form covalent bonds.
9.Which of the following substances does not exist?
A)
10.Determine the formula of a hydrocarbon, the relative molecular weight of
which is 26, and the mass fractions of carbon and hydrogen in it are 0.923 and
0.077, respectively.
92,3/12 : 7,7/1 = 1:1
C2H2 = 1:1
TOPIC 4.10
1.The general formula CnH2n + 2 characterizes the composition of the molecules:
C)alkanes
2. Reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen:
D)Combustion
3. The CH4 hydrocarbon is characterized by the following reactions:
B)burning
C)exchange
D)substitutions
4.Determine with which of the substances the C7H16 hydrocarbon reacts.
B)O2
C)Cl2
5.Add the coefficients in the place of question marks in front of the formulas
of substances in the alkane combustion reaction:
2C4H10 +? O2 =? CO2 +? H2O.
A)13,8,10
6.Show the alkane formula:
C)C2H6
7. An alkane molecule contains 14 hydrogen atoms. Determine the number of
carbon atoms in this molecule.
C)6
8.Select the row (s) in which the alkane formulas are written:
A)CH4, C3H8, C6H14
TOPIC 4.11
1.The general formula CnH2n characterizes the composition of the molecules:
C)alkenes
2. Starting material for polymer synthesis:
A)monomer

3. Polymer molecule:
C)macromolecule
4.The reaction of combining monomer molecules into a polymer
B)polymerization
5. The C2H4 substance is characterized by reactions:
A)combustion
C)addition
D)Polymerization
6. Choose the substances with which the hydrocarbon C2H4 reacts.
C)Cl2
D)H2
F)Br2
7.Select the row (s) in which the formulas for the alkenes are written:
B)C2H4, C3H6, C7H14
8. An alkene molecule contains 6 hydrogen atoms. Determine the number of
carbon atoms in this molecule.
C)3
THAT`S ALL, GOOD LUCK ON FINAL TEST)
FT _ / 10
Test 6 _ / 10