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MSM Experiment 2

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7 views

MSM Experiment 2

Uploaded by

kantshri4204
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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K. J.

Somaiya College of Engineering


(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: Materials Science & Metallurgy Laboratory Sem: III

Name: ……………………………………………………………………………

Batch: ……… Roll No.: …………………… Exp. No.: ………..

Grade: AA / AB / BB / BC / CC / CD /DD: ……………………..

Signature of Faculty in-charge with date: ……………………………..

EXPERIMENT NO. 2
Microstructure of Mild Steel and Estimation of carbon percentage from phase
quantification

Aim:

1. To mount and prepare a low carbon steel sample for microstructural studies
2. To find the average grain dimensions of different phases from the
microstructure
3. To quantify the phases present in the sample

Experiment outcome:

CO1 To be able to prepare samples for metallographic studies

CO2 To understand and to be able to use a Microscope


CO3 Understand structure- property effects and how microstructures are evolved

Methodology:

The student shall cold mount the sample, grind and polish it. Proper etchant shall be
prepared and etching done. Later the sample will be observed under a microscope
and the grain dimensions as well as the phase quantification are carried out.

Principle:

Low carbon steels are steel with carbon less than 0.25 %. They are characterized
with good ductility and low strength (as there is low carbon content). Close
observation of the iron-carbon diagram in the region of the hypoeutectoid steels
(where both low as well as medium carbon steel is located) shows that on slow
cooling, austenite transforms to ferrite and pearlite. The same is depicted in Figure 2.
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: Materials Science & Metallurgy Laboratory Sem: III

Figure 1: Iron- Carbon phase diagram

The solubility limit of carbon in austenite is around 2 % while that of ferrite is 0.025
%. When austenite cools, ferrite is formed at the grain boundaries and since there is
a difference in carbon solubilities in both phases, on cooling carbon moves to the
austenite phase from the ferrite phase at the same time ferrite is being formed. This
result in distinct ferrite phase and a lamellar combination of ferrite and cementite
phase. This lamellar phase appears dark in the microstructure and is called pearlite.
The quantity of the pearlite phase would be greater for medium carbon steel in
comparison to low carbon steel.

To find % Carbon in the sample

Load the sample on the microscope and do the necessary image calibration. From
the phase analysis we can get the quantity of ferrite and pearlite phases. To get the
% Carbon in the sample we need to use the tie line equation given the phase
percentages.
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: Materials Science & Metallurgy Laboratory Sem: III

Figure 2: Microstructure evolution of Low carbon and Medium carbon steels.

Figure 3: Microstructure of low carbon steel

Findings
K. J. Somaiya College of Engineering
(A Constituent College of Somaiya Vidyavihar University)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Subject: Materials Science & Metallurgy Laboratory Sem: III

1. Average dimensions of ferrite phase =

2. Average dimensions of pearlite phase =

3. Phase quantification: ferrite = pearlite =

4. % Carbon (from phase analysis) in the sample =

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