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Unit4 Engineering

English cours 3 ème année ingénieur

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20 views6 pages

Unit4 Engineering

English cours 3 ème année ingénieur

Uploaded by

zakariamadani268
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 4: Engineering

Engineering is based principally on physics, chemistry, and mathematics, and their extensions into materials science,

solid and fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, transfer and rate processes, and systems analysis.

Engineering as a profession involves different tasks. It can refer specifically to the manufacture or assembly of engines,

machine tools and machine parts. It is also used more generally to describe the creative application of scientific

principles to design, develop, construct and forecast the behaviour of structures, apparatus, machines,

manufacturing processes and works.

The function of scientists is to know, while that of engineers is to do: they must solve specific problems,

Different branches of engineering require different equipment and are based on different processes,
Unit 4: Engineering

Branches of engineering

The following words/phrases are all followed by 'engineering'

chemical • civil • electrical • electronic • highway hydraulic • industrial mechanical • mining • petroleum

production • production • structural

Equipment in engineering

boiler • crane • gas engine • machine tool • pump • turbine

Processes in treating metals

anneal • anodize • electroplate • forge • found • galvanize • grind harden • mint • plate • roll • soften

• temper • tinplate
Unit 4: Engineering

Notice the following adjective endings:

-al • chemical • mechanical • physical • structural

-ial • industrial

-ic • electronic • hydraulic

Notice the following verb endings:

•en harden • soften

-ize • anodize • galvanize

Notice the following nouns which are a plural form but are normally used with a singular verb

athernatics • mechanics • physics • thermodynamics


T
Unit 4: Engineering
asks
Match the following verbs with the correct definition

anneal to melt metal and then pour it into a form, e.g. iron components
anodize to make thin sheets of metal by passing it between large rollers, e.g. steel

electroplate to shape metals by heating and then hammering, e.g. horse shoes

to make materials tough by cooling them slowly, e.g. glass


forge found
to make something softer, e.g. fibres to heat and then cool metals to obtain the required hardness
galvanize and elasticity, e.g. steel

to cover with a thin layer of metal using electrolysis, e.g. car components
grind
to protect from rusting by coating in zinc, e.g. food cans
roll plate
to give a metal a protective coat by using it as an anode in electrolysis,

e.g. car components

soften temper to polish or sharpen by rubbing on a rough surface, e.g. stone

to cover one metal with a thin layer of another, e.g. silver plate
T
Unit 4: Engineering
asks
Use the word in brackets to form a word which fits in the sentence.

1 In the …………….industry,………….. develop processes for producing plastics, fibres, medicines, etc. from

simple chemicals. (chemistry)

2 Producing steel using the Bessemer process is one of the best-known……………. processes. (industry)

3 Most ………………….. devices need oil as a lubricant. (mechanics)

4 Following the earthquake, every building had to be inspected to see whether it had suffered………………any

damage. (structure)

5 Certain chemicals are added to glue to………………… it. (hard)

6 Excavators and power shovels are two types of ……………equipment used by………………. when they are

removing rocks from the ground. (mine)


Unit 4: Engineering

machines • highway • mechanical • chemical • civil • physics • electrical • develop • production • electronic

Engineering students should have an understanding of maths, (a)…………..and chemistry. Working with pharmaceuticals,

food, mineral processing and chemical manufacturing, a (b) ………….. engineer is trained to understand, design, control, and

investigate material flows. If you enjoy problem solving and find projects such as the Channel Tunnel and the Three Gorges

Dam interesting, (c)………….. engineering may be for you. You will produce creative designs at an economical price while

paying due concern to the environment. If your interest is in road building then you may decide to follow a specialized course

in (d)………. engineering. By studying (e)……… and (f)….…. engineering you learn about the design of complete systems,

such as computers, controllers, power and transport systems. (g)………… engineers plan, design and (h)…………. a wide

range of things: washing machines, cars and spacecraft. (i)………….. engineers work very closely with mechanical

engineers, to make new products at the right price, on time and in the correct quantity. As well as designing and selecting (j)

and materials, they also organize people and finance.

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