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EXERCISES
What is the weight of 10 liters of benzene vapour (C6H6) at 150oC and at a
pressure of 200 mm Hg
The molecular weight of benzene = 78
PV
 PV = nRT n=
RT
(200 / 760) X 10
n= = 0.0761 mol
0.082 X 423

W
n =
M
W = n X M

Example 2:

Calculate the ratio of the rate of effusion of hydrogen to the rate of

effusion of oxygen.

Answer
From Graham’s law, we can use the molar mass of each gas:
rate of effusion of hydrogen
r1 M2 M2
= =
rate of effusion of oxygen r2 M1 M1

𝒓𝑯 𝟑𝟐
= = 𝟏𝟔 = 𝟒
𝒓𝑶 𝟐

Hydrogen effuses four times as rapidly as oxygen.

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What is the volume, which 4 gm of O2 occupies it at 27o C and pressure of 5 atm.. ?

W
 PV = nRT
n = 4 1 1
n = = 5 X V = X 0.082 X 300
M 32 8 8

Determine the volume of a gas at S.T.P (standard conditions) (zero oC, 1 atmo.) if
this volume equals to 20 L at 127o C and under the pressure of 2 atm..
P1V1 P2V2
From the equation of state =
T1 T2
2 X 20 1 X V2
 = V2 = 27.3 L
400 273
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The density of a gas measured at 27 oC , and 700 mm Hg pressure was 2.9 gm\cm3,
calculate the molecular weight of the gas.
RT RT 0.082 X 300
P = d . M = d .  M = 2.9 . g \L
M P 700 / 760

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Calculate the partial pressure of each gas in a mixture containing 2.5 moles of
nitrogen, 1.0 mole of oxygen, and 0.5 mole of carbon dioxide. The total pressure is 2.0
atm.
p1 = n1/nt . Pt

Nt (total) = n1 + n2 + n3 =2.5 + 1.0 + 0.5 = 4 mole.

P (total) = P1 + P2 + P3 = 2.0 atm.
P1 = (n1 / nt) P = mole fraction x total p = (2.5/4) x 2 = 1.25 atm.
P2 = (n2 / nt) P = (1.0 / 4) x 2 = 0.5 atm.
P3= (n3 / nt) P = (0.5 / 4) x 2 = 0.25 atm.

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If a gas sample in a balloon had a volume of 100 ml and a pressure of 3 atm. was
compressed to a pressure of 10 atm, what would be its volume? Assume the
temperature remains constant.

V1=100 ml P1 = 3 atm P2=10 atm V2=?

Since the T is constant so we use the Boyle’s Law
P1V1 = P2V2
3 x 100 = 10 x V2 so V2 = 30 ml

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If P, V, M, T, and R are the pressure, volume, molar mass, temperature and gas constant respectively, then the
density of an ideal gas is:

(a) PM/RT ( b) RT/PM ( c) M/V (d) P /RT

The equation of state for gases is shown in the equation:

P1 x V1 / T1 = P2 x V2 / T2

What must remain constant for this equation to be true?

(a) Volume (b) Number of Moles (c) Pressure (d) Temperature

To increase the volume of a fixed amount of gas from 100 cm3 to 200 cm3,

a) decrease the temperature from 50.0 to 25.0 oC at constant pressure.

b) reduce the pressure from 608 mm Hg to 0.40 atm at constant temperature. 𝟔𝟎𝟖
𝟕𝟔𝟎
= 0.8
c) increase the temperature from 200 K to 1000 K at constant pressure.

d) increase the pressure from 1.00 to 2.00 atm at constant temperature.

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In a sample of air at STP, the ratio of the root-mean-square velocity of effusion of O2 to that of N2 , that is

r(O ) / r(N), is equal to:

(a) 1.07 (b) 0.94 (c) 1.00 (d) 0.88

Atomic weights: H =1, C a = 40 , C = 12, O = 16, N = 14 , Cl = 35.5

At any given temperature and pressure, the volume (V) occupied by a gas is directly proportional to the quantity
of the gas (n) expressed in gram moles.

(a) A vogadro’s Law . (b) Avogadro's hypothesis

(c) Boyle’s Law. (d) Charles’ Law

The spreading of fragrance or scent in the air is due to

(a) Diffusion (b) Effusion (c) Attraction with air (d) Low density

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The pressure of 4.0 L of an ideal gas in a flexible container is decreased to one-third of its original pressure
and its absolute temperature is decreased by one-half. The volume then is

(a) 1.0 L (b) 4.0 L (c) 6.0 L (d) 8.0 L

A large flask is evacuated and found to weigh 134.567 g . It is then filled with the gas of unknown molecular
mass at a pressure of 735 torr at 31oC and reweighed, its mass is now 137.456 g. Finally,9 the flask is filled with
water at 31oC and found to weigh 1067.9 g ( the density of water at 31oC is 0.997 g/mL. Calculate the molar
mass of this gas.

(a) 79.7 g/mol (b) 0.797 g/mol (c) 99.5 g/mol (d) 120 g/mol

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