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Tutorial 2 - Frequency Control in Power Systems

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46 views

Tutorial 2 - Frequency Control in Power Systems

Uploaded by

Pandara panika
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Frequency Control in Power Systems

Questions and Answers

Example 1 [H. Saadat, “Power System Analysis”, McGraw-Hill Inc]

Figure shows an Automatic Generation Control (AGC) system of an isolated power system. Obtain the
frequency deviation step response for a sudden load change of

Turbine time constant,


Governor time constant,
Generator inertia constant,
Governor speed regulation,
Integral controller gain,
Frequency sensitive load damping constant,
( )

( ) - ( )
- +
-

Answer

Close-loop transfer function:


( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )( )( ) ⁄
Substituting the values:
( )
( )
( )

It is observed that the AGC action has made the zero steady-state frequency deviation.

Dr. W. D. Prasad, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Moratuwa Page 1


Example 2 [P. Kundur, “Power System Stability and Control”, Mc-Graw Hill Inc]

Transfer function between the change in mechanical power output ( ) and the change in gate position
( ) of a hydro turbine is given below:

and are in per unit.

(a) Sketch the change in mechanical power output of the turbine for a step increase in the gate position.
Assume,
(b) Comment about the response.

Answer

(a) Transfer function of a hydro turbine:

Step response of the turbine action is shown below:

Dr. W. D. Prasad, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Moratuwa Page 2


(b) The hydro turbine has a peculiar response: a change in gate position produces an initial turbine
power change which is in opposite direction to than expected.
This peculiar response is overcome by having transient droop compensation.

Example 3 [P. Kundur, “Power System Stability and Control”, Mc-Graw Hill Inc]

Frequency control block diagrams of an isolated power system with a reheat steam turbine and a hydro
turbine with transient droop compensation are shown in figures given below:

( )

( ) - ( )
+ +
- ( )( )

Dr. W. D. Prasad, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Moratuwa Page 3


( )

( ) - ( )
+ ( ⁄ ) +
-

(a) Sketch the change in turbine valve/gate position, mechanical power output and the speed deviation
subjected to a step change in load and compare the performance.

Dr. W. D. Prasad, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Moratuwa Page 4

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