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Medical Terminology (Lec.7)

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5 views

Medical Terminology (Lec.7)

Uploaded by

bifusk481
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Al-Esra’a University

College of Pharmacy
1st Grade
2023-2024

Medical terminology
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Dr.Mohammed Hassan Kadhum


BSc.Ph/PGY1/F.I.B.M.S/CP
INTRODUCTION
• The endocrine system consists of ductless
glands and organs that secrete hormones
directly into the bloodstream.
• Glands are cell groupings that function as a
secretory organ.
• In the case of the endocrine system, the
secretion is called a hormone. Hormones are
transported in the bloodstream to stimulate
specific cells or tissues.
INTRODUCTION
• Working together with the nervous system,
the endocrine system helps to maintain
homeostasis (chemical balance) throughout
the body.
• The nervous system also contribute to this
process by either stimulating o delaying
hormone release according t feedback
mechanisms.
INTRODUCTION
• Several glands make up the endocrine system.
These include the pineal, pituitary (anterior
lobe, intermediate, and posterior lobes),
thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal (cortex
and medulla), pancreas, testes (in males), and
ovaries (in females)
WORD Part meaning

Acr/o Extremities

Aden/o Gland

Adren/o Adrenal glands


Adrenal/o

Andr/o Man

Calc/i Calcium

Crin/o Ro separate or secrete

Estr/o Female
Word Part meaning

Gluc/o Sugar, glucose, glycogen


Glyc/o

-megaly Enlargement

-oma Tumor

Pancreat/o Pancreas

Parathyroid/o Parathyroid glands


Parathyr/o

Thyr/o Thyroid gland


Thyroid/o
Disorders related to endocrine system
Term Meaning
Acromegaly Overgrowth of bone and soft
tissue, caused by excess of
growth hormone in adult
Addison disease Adrenal gland do not produce
sufficient cortisol
Adenoma neoplasm of gland

Adenitis Inflammation of gland


Congenital Existing at birth
Term Meaning
Congenital hypothyroidism Congenital lack of thyroid
secretion
Cushing disease Over activity of adrenal cortex
Diabetes mellitus Disorder of glucose
metabolism
Gigantism Overgrowth of body due to
excess of growth hormone
before puberty
Term Meaning

Glycosuria Excess sugar in urine

Goiter Enlargement of thyroid gland

Hyperglycemia Excess glucose in blood

Hypoglycemia Low level of glucose in blood

Hypothyroidism Decrease in thyroid hormone

Hyperthyroidism Increase in thyroid hormone


Term Meaning

Polydipsia Excessive thirst

Polyphagia Excessive hunger

Polyuria Excessive urination

Tetany Irritability and spasm of muscles

Thyrotoxicosis Condition results from over activity of the


thyroid gland

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