Nguyễn Đăng Tâm Nguyên Môn học: Phương pháp phần tử hữu hạn

2111873 Bài tập cá nhân

Điểm

1. Apply reflective symmetry to this problem to obtain the reduced structure and determine
displacement at node 2 and reaction force at node 1 and stress in element 1 and 2. Given
cross sectional area of element 1,2,4,5 is 4 x 10-4 m2 and for element 3 is 8 x 10-4 m2. Also
E= 200 GPa P1=P2=200 kN

Apply 3
reflective
symmetry

Bài làm
Apply reflective symmetry to this problem, we have:

The element equations:

θ c s c2 s2 cs AE/L
1 51,34° 0,62 0,78 0,39 0,61 0,49 5.107
2 0° 1 0 1 0 0 8.107
3 -90° 0 -1 0 1 0 6,4.107
The element stiffness matrix:
0,39 − 0,49 − 0,39 0,49 19,5 −24,4 −19,5 24,4
−0,49 0,61 0,49 −0,61 −24,4 30,5 24,4 −30,5
��1 = 5. 107 = 106
−0,39 0,49 0,39 −0,49 −19,5 24,4 19,5 −24,4
0,49 −0,61 −0,49 0,61 24,4 −30,5 −24,4 30,5
1 0 −1 0
0 0 0 0
��2 = 8. 107
−1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 1 0 −1
��3 = 6,4. 107
0 0 0 0
0 −1 0 1
Assembling the three element equations yeilds the structural equation:
� = �. �
�1� 99,5 −24,4 −19,5 24,4 −80 0 �1�
�1� −24,4 30,5 24,4 −30,5 0 0 �1�
�2� −19,5 24,4 19,5 −24,4 0 0 �2�
�2� = 106 (1)
24,4 −30,5 −24,4 94,5 0 −64 �2�
�3� −80 0 0 0 80 0 �3�
�3� 0 0 0 −64 0 64 �3�

Introducing the boundary conditions: equation (1) becomes

−100. 103 = 106 94,5 −64 �2�

−100. 103 −64 64 �3�

�2� −0,0066
→ = (m)
�3� −0,0081

Stress of the elements

0
� 0
�1 = �'1 . �1 = − 0,62 0,78 0,62 − 0,78 = 643,5. 106 (�/�2 )
�1 0
−0,0066
 0
� 0
�2 = �'2 . �2 = −1 0 1 0 = 0 (�/�2 )
�2 0
−0,0081

0
� −0,0066
�3 = �'3 . �3 = 0 −1 0 1 =− 240. 106 (�/�2 )
�3 0
−0,0081

Substituting the displacement values into the structure equation, we have

�1� = 24,4. 106 . �2� = 24,4. 106 . ( − 0.0066) = − 161040 (�)

�1� = − 30,5. 106 . �2� =− 30,5. 106 . ( − 0.0066) = 201300 (�)

Then, we have:
- The displacement at node 2: �2� = 0, �2� =− 0,0066�

- The reaction force at node 1: �1� =− 161040 (�); �1� = 201300 (�)

- The stress in element 1 and 2: �1 = 643,5. 106 (�/�2 ); �2 = 0 (�/�2 )

2. For the plane truss shown in figure 1, solve for the global displacement components of
node 3, reaction forces at fixed supports and the stress in each element. The elements
have cross sectional area A = 1.0 in2 and modulus of elasticity E = 15 x 106 psi.

We have:
�1 = �2 = �3 = 1��2
E = 15. 106 psi
�1 = �2 = 72 ��
�3 = 41,57 ��
The element equations:

θ c s c2 s2 cs AE/L
1 30° 0,87 0,5 0,75 0,25 0,43 20,83.104
2 150° -0,87 0,5 0,75 0,25 -0,43 20,83.104
3 120° -0,5 0,87 c 0,75 -0,43 36,08.104

The element stiffness matrix:

0,75 0,43 − 0,75 −0,43 15,6 9 −15,6 − 9
0,43 0,25 − 0,43 −0,25 9 5,2 − 9 −5,2
��1 = 20,83. 104 = 104
−0,75 −0,43 0,75 0,43 −15,6 −9 15,6 9
−0,43 − 0,25 0,43 0,25 −9 −5,2 9 5,2
0,75 −0,43 − 0,75 0,43 15,6 −9 −15,6 9
−0,43 0,25 0,43 −0,25 −9 5,2 9 −5,2
��2 = 20,83. 104 = 104
−0,75 0,43 0,75 −0,43 −15,6 9 15,6 −9
0,43 −0,25 − 0,43 0,25 9 −5,2 −9 5,2
 0,25 − 0,43 − 0,25 0,43 9 −15,6 −9 15,6
−0,43 0,75 0,43 − 0,75 −15,6 27 15,6 −27
��3 = 36,08. 104 = 104
−0,25 0,43 0,25 − 0,43 −9 15,6 9 −15,6
0,43 − 0,75 − 0,43 0,75 15,6 −27 −15,6 27
Assembling the three element equations yeilds the structural equation:
� = �. �
�1� �1�
15,6 9 0 0 −15,6 −9 0 0
�1� −5,2 0 �1�
9 5,2 0 0 −9 0
�2� 0 0 9 −15,6 −9 15,6 0 0 �2�
�2� 0 0 −15,6 27 15,6 −27 0 0 �2�
= 104 (1)
�3� −15,6 −9 −9 15,6 40,2 −15,6 −15,6 9 �3�
�3� −9 −5,2 15,6 −27 −15,6 37,5 9 −5,2 �3�
�4� 0 0 0 0 −15,6 9 15,6 −9 �4�
�4� 0 0 0 0 9 −5,2 −9 5,2 �4�

Introducing the boundary conditions: equation

(1) becomes

4000 40,3 −15,6 �3�

= 104
3000 −15,6 37,5 �3�

�3� 0,0156
→ = (m)
�3� 0,0145
Substituting the displacement values into the structure equation, we have
�1� = − 15,6. 104 . 0,0156 − 9. 104 . 0,0145 = − 3738,6 (��)
�1� = − 9. 104 . 0,0156 − 5,2. 104 . 0,0145 = − 2158 (��)

�2� = − 9. 104 . 0,0156 + 15,6. 104 . 0,0145 = 858 (��)

�2� = 15,6. 104 . 0,0156 − 27. 104 . 0,0145 = − 1481,4 (��)

�4� = − 15,6. 104 . 0,0156 + 9. 104 . 0,0145 = − 1128,6 (��)

�4� = 9. 104 . 0,0156 − 5,2. 104 . 0,0145 = 650 (��)

Stress of the elements

 0
� 0
�1 = �'1 . �1 = − 0,87 0,5 0,87 0,5 = 4315,6 (���)
�1 0,0156
0,0145

0,0156
� 0,0145
�2 = �'2 . �2 = 0,87 − 0,5 − 0,87 0,5 = 1297,1 (���)
�2 0
0

0
� 0
�3 = �'3 . �3 = 0,5 − 0,87 − 0,5 0,87 = 1721,4 (���)
�3 0,0156
0,0145

Then, we have:
- The displacement at node 3: �3� = 0,0156 ��, �3� = 0,0145 in

- The reaction force at node 1, 2, 4: �1� =− 3738,6 (��); �1� = − 2158 (��)

�2� = 858 (��); �2� = − 1481,4 (��)

�4� = − 1128,6 (��); �4� = 650 (��)

- The stress in element 1, 2, 3: �1 = 4315,6 (���)

�2 = 1297,1 (���)
�3 = 1721,4 (���)
3. Find displacement at node 1. Given A = 5x10-4 m2 and E= 20 GPa

We have:
�1 = �2 = 5. 10−4 �2
E = 20GPa
�1 = 5�
�2 = 10�
� = 2000 ��/�
The element equations:

θ c s c2 s2 cs AE/L
1 135° -0,71 0,71 0,5 0,5 -0,5 2.106
2 180° -1 0 1 0 0 106
3 -90° 0 -1 0 1 0

The element stiffness matrix:

0,5 − 0,5 − 0,5 0,5
−0,5 0,5 0,5 −0,5
��1 = 2. 106
−0,5 0,5 0,5 − 0,5
0,5 − 0,5 − 0,5 0,5

1 0 −1 0
0 0 0 0
��2 = 106
−1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 −1
��3 = 2. 106
0 0 0 0
0 −1 0 1
Assembling the three element equations yeilds the structural equation:
� = �. �
�1� �1�
2 −1 −1 1 −1 0 0 0
�1� �1�
−1 3 1 −1 0 0 0 −2
�2� −1 1 1 −1 0 0 0 0 �2�
�2� 1 −1 −1 1 0 0 0 0 �2�
= 106 (1)
�3� −1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 �3�
�3� 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 �3�
�4� 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 �4�
�4� 0 −2 0 0 0 0 0 2 �4�

Introducing the boundary conditions: equation

(1) becomes

0 2 −1 �1�
= 106
−25000 −1 3 �1�

�1� −0,005
→ = (m)
�1� −0,01
Then, we have:
- The displacement at node 1: �1� =− 0,005 (�) , �1� =− 0,01 (�)