Road

Road Users’
Users’ Code
Code

The
TheGovernment
Governmentof
ofthe
the
Hong
HongKong
KongSpecial
SpecialAdministrative
AdministrativeRegion
Region
Effective
Effectivefrom
from19
19June
June2020
2020
Prepared by the Transport Department
Designed by the Information Services Department
Printed by the Government Logistics Department
Copyright Reserved
‛Pursuant to the Road Traffic Ordinance, a failure on the part
of any person to observe any rule or follow any advice in
the Road Usersʼ Code is in itself not an offence, but any such
failure may be taken into account in any proceedings (whether
civil or criminal, and including proceedings for an offence under
the Road Traffic Ordinance) when deciding if a road user
was at fault or not and to what extent, and may also be
relied on for establishing or negativing any liability under any of
these proceedings.
It should however be noted that many of the rules in the Road
Usersʼ Code directly reflect the law and a person not observing
these rules may be committing an offence.
Changes in legislation may render parts of the Code incorrect.
In all instances, the prevailing legislation takes precedence.ʼ
Road Users’ Code

The Government of the

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
 How to use this Book
This book contains a wide Chapter 1 Chapter 4 Chapter 6 Chapter 9
range of rules, advice and For All Road Users For Cyclists For Professional Drivers Children and Elderly
information for all types of People as Road Users
Everyone should read this This self-contained chapter This chapter gives additional
road users covering most
chapter. It gives an covers the basic needs for rules for drivers of commercial Children are road users too
road and traffic conditions.
introduction about the Road novice as well as experienced vehicles and for transport of but they may not be able to
It is divided into chapters for
Users Code with rules, advice cyclists. dvice is given on goods. follow the rules and advice
different types of road users
and information, including the selecting and maintaining a given to passengers,
with additional chapters It is intended to be read in
traffic law for all road users. safe cycle, preparing yourself pedestrians and cyclists as
covering special topics. Each addition to Chapter 5.
for the road and riding on the appropriate. This chapter is
chapter contains a number of Chapter 2
road. Chapter 7 intended for those responsible
topics. ome of these topics For Pedestrians
For Riders of Motor Cycles for children as road users so
are inter-related, while some Cyclists may also find
Everyone should read this and Motor Tricycles that they can guide children
are self-contained. some of the topics in
chapter. Rules and advice for on the road, or teach children
Chapter 5 of interest. This chapter gives additional
It is not ust a book for casual using pavements and roads, those rules and advice from
rules for riders of motor cycles
reading. It is a book to be crossing the road and using Chapter 5 the Road Usersʼ Code
and motor tricycles. ome
used, to be dipped into, and crossing places are given. The For All Drivers appropriate to their needs and
rules and advice are also
to be referred to constantly. Road Crossing Code and how development. It also contains
All drivers and riders of given for their passengers.
to use it are fully explained. advice for elderly people as
To get the best from the book, motor vehicles should read
There is also advice for users It is intended to be read in pedestrians and passengers
first identify which chapters this self-contained chapter.
of handcarts and those in addition to Chapter 5. of public transport.
and topics meet your needs. It describes many of the traffic
charge of animals.
Read them carefully and make situations and road features Chapter 8 Chapter 10
sure you understand the rules, Chapter 3 and gives rules and advice for The Language of the Road Emergencies
advice and information given. For Passengers safe behaviour. uch of the
Everyone should read this Everyone should read this
ome of the topics may not knowledge and understanding
Everyone should read this chapter. It describes the chapter. It gives advice to
be of direct interest to you, that learner drivers will need
chapter. It contains rules and different signals used by road drivers on what to do in an
depending on your needs. to demonstrate in the written
advice for using public users to communicate with emergency, such as a traffic
ou may wish to read some of and practical driving tests can
transport as well as advice for each other. It also features accident or vehicle
the other chapters so that you be gained from this chapter.
private car passengers. most of the traffic signs, traffic breakdown. It also gives
can understand the needs of
light signals and road advice to anyone who arrives
other road users or as
markings you will find on the at the scene of an accident,
preparation for the future.
roads of ong ong and so they can help prevent
gives their meanings. further in uries and give aid to
any in ured persons and
others involved in the
accident.

2
Contents
Chapter 1 26 Using ight Rail ehicles 60 Cyclists 92 here ot to Park 119 Temporary igns and
For All Road Users or Trams 61 Other Road Users 94 here to Park Road arkings
4 The Road Usersʼ Code 27 Using Public ight 62 White Lines and 95 Parking 121 Direction igns
5 The Road Usersʼ Code uses, Taxis or Private Traffic anes 122 Traffic igns giving
Cars Chapter 6 Information
and the aw 63 Double hite ines
28 Persons with Disabilities For Professional Drivers
Chapter 2 64 ight Rail anes 124 Road arkings giving
96 Commercial ehicles arning and Information
For Pedestrians Chapter 4 65 us anes
For Cyclists 98 oads, ong ehicles, 125 Road arkings giving
6 Using Roads and 66 One- ay Roads Towing
29 Cycling Orders
Pavements
67 arrow Roads, 99 Restrictions 128 trategic Route umbers
8 The Road Crossing 30 ou and our Cycle teep ills
Code 31 afe Cycling Chapter 7 Chapter 9
68 Dual Carriageways
10 Using the Road For Riders of Motor Cycles Children and Elderly People
32 iving ignals 69 Roads with Faster Traffic and Motor Tricycles
Crossing Code as Road Users
33 Riding on the Road 70 Expressways and
12 Crossing Roads near 100 efore ou Ride 130 Children on the Road
36 Turning and unctions Trunk Roads
Parked ehicles 101 Riding long 132 Elderly People on the
37 Using Roundabouts 73 Tunnel reas and
13 Crossing at or near a 102 Positioning Road
38 Cycleways Control reas
unction with no Traffic 103 ignals, Passengers,
Lights 74 unctions Chapter 10
Chapter 5 and Carrying Loads Emergencies
14 Crossing Places 78 Traffic ight unctions
For All Drivers Chapter 8
79 top and 133 reakdowns and
15 Using ebraʼ Crossings 41 Driving The Language of the Road Emergencies
ive ay unctions
16 Using reen an’ 42 afety Checks 104 ignals 134 Warning other Drivers
Crossings 80 Roundabouts
43 eat elts 106 Traffic ights 135 Traffic ccidents
17 Pedestrian Lights 82 unctions with Dual
45 Child afety in Cars Carriageways 107 Traffic ights for Drivers 137 In an Emergency
18 Crossing the Road at and Cyclists
Traffic ight unctions 46 irbags 84 ebraʼ Crossings 138 First id on the Road
47 Driver Education 85 reen anʼ Crossings 108 ane ignals
20 o-Crossing ones Traffic Accidents
49 efore oving Off 86 right unlight, 109 igning ystem
21 andcarts, nimals, In an emergency at the site
arching roups 50 On the Road Driving at Night 111 Traffic igns giving of a traffic accident, go to
87 Rain, Fog, ind Orders
22 Persons with Disabilities 54 topping Distance 137 What to do
88 Road orks 115 Traffic ignals giving
Chapter 3 55 ow Fast 138 First aid
Orders
For Passengers 56 Overtaking 89 Road orks on Dual
Carriageways in Tunnels 116 Traffic igns giving
24 Public Transport 58 Pedestrians Warning Further Reference
90 here ot to top Materials
25 Using uses 3
 Chapter 1 For All Road Users
For All Road Users
The Road Users’ Code
Introduction The Road Usersʼ Code lays Rules and advice for all Traffic signs, traffic light Signals
down the rules of behaviour road users signals and road markings
The safe and efficient use of
and gives advice on when and
the road system depends on void any behaviour likely to
how to follow them.
all road users following the put any person in danger, to
same rules of behaviour. The Road Usersʼ Code also cause damage to public or
gives safety advice, and private property, or to obstruct
ome of the rules are also laid
explains and gives advice on other road users.
down by law. These rules help
different traffic conditions and
you avoid dangerous Do not obstruct other road
road features, including traffic
behaviour. They also let you users or make their passage
signs, traffic light signals and
know what behaviour you can dangerous by throwing,
road markings that you will now the meaning of signals,
expect from other road users depositing or leaving any
come across when driving or including arm signals, given
and what behaviour they can ob ect or substance on the
out walking. by drivers (including riders of
expect from you. pavement or the roadway.
now your traffic signs, traffic motor cycles and motor
ou should be familiar with the If you are unable to avoid
owever, rules are not light signals and road tricycles) and cyclists. ook
rules and advice given in the creating an obstruction in
enough. ou also need to markings, and act on them. out for their signals and take
latest edition of the Road that way, take the necessary
understand the dangers of They are illustrated throughout necessary action promptly
Usersʼ Code and follow them steps to remove it as soon
traffic and the difficulties this book often with the (For information about signals,
whenever you are on or near a as possible. In case an
others may have in using the associated traffic or road see Chapter 8).
road. obstruction cannot be
road. ou need to understand features.
removed immediately, you ou must promptly obey
how to cope with different ou should make allowance
should give warning to other The traffic signs, traffic light all signals given by police
traffic conditions and road and be prepared for other
road users. signals and road markings officers, traffic wardens,
features. ou also need to road users who may make
commonly found on the roads or other authorised persons
know the language of the mistakes or do not follow the ou should make allowance
are illustrated in Chapter 8. (for example, the authorised
roadʼ the different signals rules and advice given in the for and or help children,
personnel at tunnel area or
used by road users to Road Usersʼ Code. disabled persons or elderly
control area, or school
communicate with each other people and others who may
crossing patrols).
and the meanings of traffic have difficulty in getting
signs, traffic light signals and around such as people with
road markings. in uries or travelling with
children or luggage.

4
 For All Road Users
The Road Users’ Code and the Law
The first edition of the Road and Bylaws should be Road Traffic (Expressway) Ordinance (Cap. 7 ), otor ehicle Idling
Users Code was approved by referred to: Regulations (Cap. 37 ) Regulation (Cap. 7 ) and (Fixed Penalty) Ordinance
the former overnor in Council ylaw (Cap. 7 C) (Cap. 611) and Regulation
Road Traffic Ordinance Road Traffic (Driving-
and egislative Council under (Cap. 611 )
(Cap. 37 ) offence Points) Ordinance Tsing a Control rea
section 10 of the Road Traffic
(Cap. 37 ) Ordinance (Cap. 8), Other Ordinances,
Ordinance (Cap. 37 ) in 1 87 Road Traffic (Construction
Tsing a Control rea Regulations and ylaws not
and the Code has since been and aintenance of Fixed Penalty
(Tolls, Fees and Charges) listed above may also contain
updated from time to time. ehicles) Regulations (Traffic Contraventions)
Regulation (Cap. 8 ) laws applicable to road users.
(Cap. 37 ) Ordinance (Cap. 237) and
The alterations of this edition and Tsing a Control rea
Regulations (Cap. 237 )
have been approved by the Road Traffic (Driving ( eneral) Regulation For persons carrying out
ecretary for Transport and icences) Regulations Fixed Penalty (Criminal (Cap. 8 ) road and other works
ousing under section 10 of (Cap. 37 ) Proceedings) Ordinance
Tsing ha Control rea ll road works and works
the Road Traffic Ordinance and (Cap. 2 0) and Regulations
Road Traffic (Parking) Ordinance (Cap. ), ad acent to the road create
subsequently laid before the (Cap. 2 0 )
Regulations (Cap. 37 C) Tsing ha Control rea inconvenience and are a
egislative Council.
otor ehicles Insurance ( eneral) Regulation potential ha ard to the safety
Road Traffic (Public ervice
Road users are reminded of (Third Party Risks) (Cap. ) and Tsing ha of all road users and those
ehicles) Regulations
the statement on the inside Ordinance (Cap. 272) and Control rea (Tolls, Fees carrying out the works. Rules
(Cap. 37 D)
of the front cover. Regulations (Cap. 272 ) and Charges) Regulation and advice for persons
Road Traffic (Registration (Cap. ) responsible for carrying out
The traffic signs, traffic light ousing (Traffic) y-laws
and icensing of ehicles) works on the road can be
signals, road markings and (Cap. 283 ) and ousing estern arbour Crossing
Regulations (Cap. 37 E) found in the Code of Practice
signals illustrated in this book (Traffic Contraventions) Ordinance (Cap. 36),
for the ighting, igning and
are prescribed by various Road Traffic (Fixed Penalty) ylaw Regulation (Cap. 36C)
uarding of Road orksʼ
Regulations or are authorised ( afety Equipment) (Cap. 283C) and ylaw (Cap. 36D)
published by the ighways
by the Commissioner for Regulations (Cap. 37 F)
Road Tunnels ( overnment) Tramway Ordinance Department.
Transport.
Road Traffic (Traffic Control) Ordinance (Cap. 368) and (Cap. 107), Prevention of
For the precise wording of Regulations (Cap. 37 ) Regulations (Cap. 368 ) uisances and Regulation
the law and representation of Travelling Rules
Road Traffic Discovery ay Tunnel ink
of prescribed traffic signs/ (Cap. 107 ) and Tramway
( illage ehicles) Ordinance (Cap. 20),
road markings and traffic Regulations (Cap. 107 )
Regulations (Cap. 37 ) Regulation (Cap. 20 ) and
light signals, the following
ylaw (Cap. 20 ) Public us ervices
Ordinances, Regulations Road Traffic (Parking on
Ordinance (Cap. 230) and
Private Roads) Regulations Tai am Tunnel and uen
Regulations (Cap. 230 )
(Cap. 37 O) ong pproach Road

5
 Chapter 2 For Pedestrians
For Pedestrians
Using Roads and Pavements
Before you go out keep away from the kerb. Walking at night When it rains
void walking close to the
Try not to go out unless you hen walking at night, try to isibility will be reduced by
kerb with your back to the
are fit and able to carry out keep to the pavement areas rain. It helps if your raincoat,
traffic.
your ourney safely. with the best street lighting. other clothes and umbrella
ook out for entrances and are of a light, bright colour
void going out if you are t night, although you can
exits of driveways. efore that show up easily on rainy
under the influence of drink or see the headlights of a
crossing a driveway, look all or foggy days.
drugs. ear glasses or vehicle, the driver often
around for approaching traffic
hearing aids if you need them cannot see you. hen the Road surfaces become
and listen. If there is no
when out on the road. lways road surface is wet and shiny, slippery when it rains. raking
approaching traffic likely to
wear or carry something white reflections and glare can and stopping distances of
use the driveway, walk
or light-coloured or reflective make it even more difficult for cars and other vehicles
straight across it. Do not loiter
in the dark or in poor light. the driver to see you. increase and so they cannot
in a driveway.
This is particularly important stop quickly. ou are also
Drivers become tired more
on roads without pavements. ou must not enter or walk more likely to slip.
easily at night and their
Reflective material can be in a tunnel area or control
abilities to concentrate and
seen in headlights from up to area, except taking or
see decline. It is also difficult
three times the distance of alighting from a franchised
for pedestrians to udge the
ordinary clothes fluorescent bus at a bus stop. Traffic
speed and distance of
material is highly conspicuous signs are erected to mark
approaching traffic.
in daylight and at dusk but is the beginning and end of
of little use in the dark. tunnel area or control area There is a tendency at night
(see page 73 for the signs). for drivers to be momentarily
Out and about ou must not walk past a and partially blinded by the
ou must not enter or walk
traffic sign banning headlights of approaching
hen using any roads and within the boundaries of an arning sign eware of
pedestrians or walk in the vehicles. This means, for reversing vehicles
pavements, you must take expressway or light rail area.
road to which the ban applies. example, that it is even more
proper care not to put yourself Traffic signs are erected to The sign is installed on cul-
These signs are often found dangerous to stand on the
or any other person in danger. indicate their start and end de-sac or narrow service
near elevated roads, flyovers roadway between traffic lanes
To use the roads safely, you points (see pages 71 and road where there is frequent
and underpasses. Even if at night than in the daytime.
should read and follow the 111 for the signs). reversing of goods vehicles
there is no such sign, do not
rules and advice in this into or out of the road. ou
enter or walk along such
chapter. may be forced to walk on
roads unless there is a
here there is a pavement or specially provided pavement. the roadway due to narrow
footpath, use it. Do not step footpath. ook all around for
onto, stand or walk on the traffic, in particular, reversing
roadway if at all possible. vehicles, and take special
hen using the pavement, care of children the elderly.
6
 For Pedestrians

Where there is no pavement If it is necessary to stand or Closed pavements Footpath adjoining cycleway Emergency vehicles
walk on the roadway, do so in
eep off the roadway if you
a position where you can see
see or hear the approach of
the approach of traffic and
ambulances, fire engines,
where approaching drivers
police or other emergency
can also see you. On a normal
vehicles with their lights
two-way road, this is the right-
flashing or their two-tone horns
hand side facing oncoming
or sirens sounding. If crossing
traffic.
the road, try to complete your
If the pavement is closed or
eep as close as possible to blocked due to road works, crossing, or return to the
the side of the road. hen pavement or side of the road
look out for temporary
walking with others, keep in as soon as possible. If you are
diversion signs or alternative
single file if possible, still on the pavement, do not
routes.
particularly in heavy traffic or start to cross until you are sure
in poor visibility. Take special If there is no alternative to that all the emergency vehicles
care at right-hand bends and the pavement and you have have passed and no more
on the brow of a hill where to step onto the roadway, traffic is coming. Emergency
visibility is poor. you should follow the advice vehicles may not follow all the
for walking on roadway. If the traffic rules or obey all the
alk on the side of the road blockage or closure is for a traffic signs and signals if life is
where you can take refuge by long distance, cross to the at risk.
stepping off the road if traffic other side of the road
comes. If this means walking following the Road Crossing Outside fire stations and other
with your back to the traffic, Do not walk on cycleways places housing emergency
Code (see page 8). If the
keep looking behind you to which are for cycles. alk vehicles, there may be special
obstruction is only for a short
watch out for traffic and keep distance, it may be safer to only on footpath and keep traffic light signals (wig-wag
listening at all times. ake away from the edge of signal two hori ontal traffic
walk on the roadway without
sure approaching drivers can crossing to the other side, cycleway. ook out for cyclists signal aspects showing
see you. if you need to step onto or alternating red flashing light,
even though this may mean
cross a cycleway (see pages see page 106) which will be
walking with the traffic from
38 and 3 for information on switched on in an emergency
If there is no pavement on behind.
the traffic signs and road to stop the traffic and allow the
either side of the road, use the
ook all around for traffic markings used to mark emergency vehicles to leave.
right-hand side of the road as
before stepping onto the footpaths and cycleways). hen the two red lights are
much as possible to face
roadway often watch out for flashing, keep clear of the
oncoming traffic, and if
traffic from behind you and driveway in front of the station
practicable keep off the
return to the open pavement as soon as possible until the
roadway and walk on the verge.
as soon as possible. lights are off.
7
 For Pedestrians
The Road Crossing Code
The Road Crossing Code is Step 3 – Look all around for Step 4 – If traffic is coming,
a guide for all pedestrians. traffic and listen let it pass. Look all around
It is a guide for crossing all again
ook carefully along every
roads, including the less busy
road because traffic may be If there is traffic approaching,
roads in housing estates.
coming from all directions. let it pass. Then look around
ou should follow the Code
nd listen too, because you and listen again to make sure
whenever you need to cross
can sometimes hear traffic no other traffic is coming.
or step onto a roadway even
before you can see it. ook
if you are using a pedestrian ou have to decide whether
out for vehicles and note
crossing. you can cross the road
which way they are moving,
without putting yourself in
If you are responsible for a and how fast. ook out for
danger. ou have to udge the
child, also see Chapter on stationary vehicles that may
distance, speed, direction and
advice for children. start to move.
actions of approaching
There are six basic steps that ook out for motor cycles and vehicles with regard to the
need to be understood and cycles as they are not so easy time you need to cross the
applied: Step 1 – First find a safe Step 2 – Stand on the to be seen as cars because of road. Do not expect a driver
place to cross, then stop pavement near the kerb their relatively small si e. to slow down for you. ook at
tep 1 First find a safe
cycle may be less easily vehicles to see if they are
place to cross, then stop. It is safer to cross a road ou should stop before noticed because it speeding up or slowing down,
using nearby footbridges, crossing even if you think approaches silently, while a whether they are overtaking or
tep 2 tand on the
subways, ebraʼ or reen nothing is coming, ust to be motor cycle may take you by changing lanes. Do not
pavement near the kerb.
manʼ crossings, or where sure it is absolutely safe. ou surprise because it expect drivers will keep to the
tep 3 ook all around for there is a police officer, traffic can see things much better if accelerates more quickly than speed limit. ook for any
traffic and listen. warden or school crossing you stop and have a good other traffic. istening is signals from drivers, either
patrol controlling a crossing long look. usually helpful in detecting hand signals, flashing
tep If traffic is coming,
place. motor cycles. owever, indicators, or reversing lights
let it pass. ook all around Do not stand too near the
again. If you cannot find any such edge of the pavement. top a electric hybrid vehicles that may warn of a driverʼs
crossing place, choose a little way back from the kerb including motor cycles may actions, but be careful in case
tep hen there is no
place where you can see where you will be away from operate very quietly. ou need the signal is an error or the
traffic near you, walk straight
clearly along the roads in all traffic, but where you can still to look out for them in driver forgets to signal. ook
across the road.
directions, a place where you see if anything is coming. addition to listening. at the drivers to see if they
tep 6 eep looking and can also see any traffic when have seen you.
If there is no pavement, stand If it is noisy around you,
listening for traffic while it is a long way off, and the
back from the edge of the particularly near construction
crossing. drivers can also see you
road but where you can still works, it may be difficult to
clearly. eep walking on hear, so take extra care when
see traffic.
pavement until you find a looking out for traffic.
safe place to cross.
8
 For Pedestrians

Step 5 – When there is no any which you may not have Stopping distances for vehicles
traffic near you, walk seen earlier.
n important aspect in
straight across the road
Do not loiter or move udging if it is safe to cross
hen there is no traffic near unnecessarily slowly when a road is the stopping
you, it is safe to cross. If traffic crossing the road, particularly distance.
is approaching in the on a pedestrian crossing.
The distance a vehicle
distance, however, do not Do not carry out any other
travels while a driver is
cross unless you are certain activities, such as eating,
thinking after he she has
there is plenty of time. Even if drinking, playing mobile
seen and recognised danger
traffic is a long way off, it may games, using mobile phone,
and before he she reacts is
be coming very fast. hen it is safe, walk straight listening to any audio device
called the thinking distance.
across the road and not at an or talking while crossing the
llow more time to cross the fter the driver reacts by
angle. road. ive all your attention to
road if you cannot see or hear applying the brakes, it takes
the traffic.
very well due to poor visibility, Cross the full width of the time for the vehicle to slow
noise or bad weather. road in one go to the other If something unexpected down and stop. The
side or to a traffic island. Do happens, depending on the distance travelled during this
Decide the moment that the
not cross one traffic lane at a circumstances and choices time is the braking distance.
traffic situation is safe enough Stopping
time and do not wait in the available, stop, walk on, or The stopping distance is the
and will remain so to give you distance
middle of the road other than step back as quickly as thinking distance plus the
enough time to cross. tart
on an island. possible. Try to let the drivers braking distance.
walking after checking all
know what you intend to do.
directions that nothing new The faster a vehicle is
Step 6 – Keep looking and Use the centre line or the
has happened. travelling or the heavier it is,
listening for traffic while traffic lane line as a stopping
the longer the braking
et the drivers know and react crossing place in an emergency.
distance. On wet roads, all
to your crossing.
alk so that you can keep If crossing in front of a vehicle vehicles need a much longer
looking and listening for traffic. that has stopped to allow you braking distance.
Do not run. It is difficult to to cross, keep looking all
( ee page for more
keep looking all around and to around and listening as you
information on stopping
listen while you are running, walk and be sure to check
distance.)
and you may trip in front of a traffic on the other lane when
vehicle. you reach the edge of the
stopped vehicle, in case
eep looking and listening for another vehicle does not stop
vehicles that come into sight braking distance
and suddenly passes the
or come near you after you stopped vehicle. thinking distance
have started to cross and for
 For Pedestrians
Using the Road Crossing Code
Crossing where there is an island on the road Crossing a bus lane Crossing tram tracks
Trams cannot swerve to avoid
you if, for example, you fall.
ook out for other vehicles as
some traffic lanes are used by
both trams and other vehicles.
If using a tram stop island or
a strip dividing the tram line
from the rest of the road, look
out for trams and other
vehicles coming from both
directions. Do not cross
immediately behind or in front
of a tram.

Crossing light rail tracks

Other than the locations mentioned in tep 1, it is safer to ehicles in bus lanes may be
ight rail vehicles also cannot
cross a road using islands. Use the Road Crossing Code to going faster than traffic in
swerve to avoid you. hen
cross to the island. top there and use the Code again to other lanes, and some bus
crossing light rail tracks, use
cross the second part of the road. lanes may be in the opposite
proper crossing facilities such
direction to normal traffic.
lways make sure that there will be sufficient space on the as footbridges or reen manʼ
Do not wait on the white line
island for you to wait safely and not too close to the traffic. crossings. here no proper
between the bus lane and the
If the island is crowded with people waiting to cross, wait crossing facilities are available
other lane, but cross the road
until it is free before crossing. nearby, you should follow the
in one go.
Road Crossing Code and
Use only kerbed islands. Do not wait in areas of roadway
exercise extra care.
hatched with white lines or on the roadway ad acent to an
island. Do not use islands or central reservations that have ign warning pedestrians of
guard rails unless there are gaps provided for use by a bus lane with advice to look
pedestrians. left. The sign may vary to give
the advice OO RI Tʼ.

10
 For Pedestrians

Crossing a one-way road Crossing a road with fast Guard rails

traffic
Check which way the traffic
is going. On one-way roads, Use the Road Crossing Code
there may be more than one but cross only if there is no
lane of traffic going in the traffic approaching.
same direction. Do not cross
until it is safe to cross all the Crossing a road at night
lanes of traffic. Continue to
t night, it is more difficult for
look all around while crossing
drivers to see you and for you
as there may be a vehicle
to udge speeds of coming
reversing or travelling the uard rails and pedestrian
traffic. Try to cross near a
wrong way. barriers are often provided
street light so that drivers will
be able to see you more at places where stepping
Crossing a busy road onto or crossing the road
easily.
Unless there is a pedestrian would be difficult or
crossing, do not cross if the Crossing a road during dangerous. The traffic may Do not walk on the road side of guard rails. Do not cross a
traffic flow is heavy without poor weather be particularly busy or there road where there are guard rails or a barrier on any island
much variation and the gaps may be a hidden ha ard. you may need to use or on the other side of the road
Take extra care in poor uard rails are also provided
in the traffic are too few or too unless there are gaps provided for pedestrians to cross the
weather conditions, to guide you to a nearby
short to cross safely. If the road. Check if there is also a gap in the guard rails on the
particularly during heavy rain crossing place.
traffic flow varies, be patient other side of the road before crossing.
or in mist or fog. It is more
and wait for a safe gap in the ou must not climb over or ot all gaps in guard rails are there to provide a crossing
difficult for drivers to see you
traffic. Do not cross between through guard rails, fences, place for pedestrians. efore crossing the road using a gap,
and for you to see moving
stopped vehicles or those barriers, or central or at the end of length of guard rail, check that it is a safe
vehicles. If the road is slippery,
moving slowly in a queue. reservation on the road. place to cross the road. ou should always follow tep 1 of
cross only if there is no traffic
approaching. llow yourself the Road Crossing Code before crossing the road.
more time to cross carefully.

11
 For Pedestrians
Crossing Roads near Parked Vehicles
Try not to cross the road
where there are parked
vehicles. If you have to do so
because other places would
be more dangerous then
Choose a crossing place
between parked private
cars rather than larger
vehicles such as lorries, as
it is easier for you to see
approaching traffic, and for
drivers to see you. Choose
as large a gap as you can.
If there are parked vehicles
ook for a large gap between cars. hen you have found a safe place to cross, go to the outside
on both sides of the road,
edge of the car and then stop.
choose a gap between cars
which has a gap on the tanding at the outside edge of the parked vehicles will make
opposite side as well. it easier for you to see any approaching traffic, and also for
drivers to see you.
Choose a place where you
can see a long way up and ou can now continue your crossing using the Road Crossing
down the road, that is Code, teps 3 to 6.
choose to cross between
tep 3 ook all around for traffic and listen.
private cars rather than
between lorries or vans tep If traffic is coming, let it pass. ook all around
which will block your view again.
completely.
tep hen there is no traffic near you, walk straight
Choose a gap between across the road.
cars with no drivers.
tep 6 eep looking and listening for traffic while
Choose a place which is crossing.
well away from vehicles
ook all around for traffic and vehicles leaving parking spaces
picking up or dropping ook for a gap between cars on both sides of the road.
along the road. e careful that some electric hybrid vehicles
passengers, or loading
operate very quietly and not all drivers use signals.
or unloading goods.

12
 For Pedestrians
Crossing at or near a Junction with no Traffic Lights
Try not to cross at a unction
unless there is a proper
crossing place. If there is no
proper crossing place at the
unction, it will be safer to
cross away from it where
there are fewer traffic
movement to look out for.
Do not cross diagonally over
a unction or use the centre
island of a roundabout, unless
there is a pedestrian crossing.
Cross one arm of a unction at
a time following the Road
Crossing Code. ook out for atch out for traffic turning into the road, particularly those rounding Do not cross diagonally over a unction.
crossing places carefully, the corner from behind. ook over your shoulder. Cross each arm of the unction separately.
particularly across a main
road, and choose the safest
route, trying to minimise the
number of crossings. atch
out for turning traffic. Drivers,
particularly at ive wayʼ or
topʼ lines, who may be
preoccupied in looking for a
safe gap in traffic, may not
give way to you.
Take into account signals
given by a police officer or
traffic warden in controlling
traffic at a unction to udge
whether the traffic is going
to stop. If the police officer
or traffic warden is also If the unction includes one-way road, pay particular attention to the Use proper crossing places wherever possible
controlling pedestrians, you direction of coming traffic. particularly in crossing a main road.
must wait for his or her signal
to cross.

13
 For Pedestrians
Crossing Places
Using crossing places Footbridges and subways They are normally sited at Crossings controlled by
very busy places where authorised persons
Crossing aids are often
crossing the road at-grade
provided to help you cross The next safest place to
would be particularly
busy roads. If there is a cross is a crossing place
dangerous or difficult.
crossing place nearby, use controlled by a police officer,
it even though you have to If you are unable to use traffic warden or school
walk further to do so. Direction sign showing a footbridge or subway crossing patrol they know
entrance to subway because you cannot go up best when it is safe to cross.
our safety when using
and down the steps, try to ou should wait at the
crossing places depends
find an alternative pedestrian pavement of the crossing near
upon whether you are
crossing at other place. the road and be within their
following teps 2 to 6 of the
any footbridges and view. ou must not cross until chool crossing patrol sign
Road Crossing Code and
subways have ramps, lifts they signal that you may do
using the crossing in the
Direction sign showing or escalators in addition to so. eep looking and listening
correct way. Follow the rules
entrance to footbridge steps. for traffic on all sides as you
and advice given in this
cross.
chapter. ou do not need Footbridges, subways and ou must not cross the
to follow the Road Crossing elevated walkways are the road within 1 metres of a school crossing patrol
Code only when using safest places to cross busy footbridge or subway. ou may direct any pedestrians,
a footbridge or subway. roads as they keep must use the footbridge or not ust school children,
pedestrians well away from subway if you wish to cross. when to cross the road. ou
the dangers of traffic. can recognise a patrol by
the special sign they carry
to stop traffic.

Rules and advice on crossing places

Footbridges this page. reen man crossings
page 16.
ubways this page.
Crossing places at traffic light
Crossings controlled by
unctions pages 18 and 1 .
authorised persons
this page. Crossing with islands
page 10.
ebra crossings
opposite page.

1
 For Pedestrians
Using Zebra’ Crossings
‘Zebra’ crossings are marked
with alternate black and white
stripes on the road and zigzag
lines on both sides.
The zigzag lines warn drivers
that there may be pedestrians
crossing or waiting to cross
the road. They also tell drivers
that they must give way to
pedestrians on the crossing.
A yellow beacon, usually
flashing, marks the location If you need to cross the road and there is a ebraʼ crossing Walk directly across the black and white stripes. Look out for
of the crossing. nearby, you should use it even though you may have to walk coming vehicles which may be overtaking those that have
further to do so. already stopped before the ebraʼ crossing.
Follow the Road Crossing
Code fully. Always give drivers
plenty of time to see you,
slow down and stop for you
to cross. If necessary, put a
small step on the crossing to
indicate to coming drivers that
you wish to cross. Until you
have stepped onto a ebraʼ
crossing, the traffic does not
have to stop for you. Make
sure that the traffic has
stopped before starting to
cross. Check both directions of traffic, and wait until traffic has If there is an island in the middle of a ebraʼ crossing, stop on
stopped before starting to cross. it and follow the Road Crossing Code and the rules and advice
You must never cross on on this page again. The next part of the crossing is a separate
the zigzag lines, because ebraʼ crossing.
the drivers may not see you
crossing on the zigzag lines
or elsewhere in the area as
their attention is on the
crossing itself.

15
 For Pedestrians
Using Green Man’ Crossings
ou must not cross or start If traffic lights are not working,
to cross if the pedestrian light treat the pedestrian crossing
shows a Red man . ou must as an ordinary cautionary
also not start to cross if the crossing. atch the traffic and
pedestrian light shows a follow the Road Crossing
flashing reen man . Code to cross the road with
extreme caution.

reen manʼ crossings are

pedestrian crossings with
traffic lights to signal drivers
to stop, and pedestrian lights
to signal pedestrians when to
cross.
ou will find reen man
hen you arrive at the
crossings either on their own
crossing, stand on the
or as part of traffic light
pavement near the kerb. t
unctions. The crossing is
some crossings, you will find a
marked by two rows of studs
pedestrian push button touch
with yellow striped markings
the push button and wait
in between. To use a reen
(some reen manʼ crossings
man crossing, follow
will give green signal to
pedestrian lights at page 17
pedestrian only when the
and the Road Crossing Code.
push button is touched).
ou must not cross within 1 atch the pedestrian lights on
metres on either side of the the traffic light pole on the
crossing. other side of the road. hen
the steady reen manʼ light
shows, you may cross with If there is an island in the middle of the crossing, stop on it
care. and follow the Road Crossing Code and the rules and advice
on this page again. The next part of the crossing is a
separate crossing.

16
 For Pedestrians
Pedestrian Lights
What they mean What to do using the Road Crossing Code

When you arrive If waiting to cross If crossing

Red manʼ light means Step 2 Steps 2 and 3 Step 6

that you must not cross or
ait on the pavement near ait on the pavement near If the lights change to a
start to cross the road.
the kerb. If there is a the kerb. ometimes it takes Red manʼ, quickly finish your
pedestrian push button, a while for the lights to crossing, but do not stop or
touch it. change but you must not run and make sure drivers can
cross even if there is no traffic see you.
coming.

reen manʼ light means Steps 2 to 6 Steps 3 to 6 Step 6

that you may cross the road if
ook out for traffic that may atch the traffic as well as ook out for traffic that may
it is safe to do so.
not stop even though the the lights. ait until all the not stop even though the
driver has a red light. traffic has stopped. driver has a red light.

flashing reen manʼ light Step 2 Step 2 Step 6

means you must not start to
ait on the pavement near ait on the pavement near ou will have time to finish
cross the road.
the kerb. If there is a the kerb. your crossing or reach a
pedestrian push button, central refuge island safely.
touch it. eep going at a steady pace.

17
 For Pedestrians
Crossing the Road at Traffic Light Junctions
If there is a reen manʼ
crossing as part of the traffic
light system, follow the rules
and advice for using a reen
manʼ crossing (see page 16).
If there are no pedestrian
lights at the crossing, watch
both the traffic lights and the
traffic. Do not cross when the
traffic lights allow traffic to go
forward, even if you think you
have enough time to cross.
ou should only cross when
the traffic on the road you
wish to cross is stopped by reen manʼ crossing is marked by two rows of studs with atch out the traffic as some traffic lights allow traffic to
red light. Follow the Road yellow striped markings in between and has pedestrian lights. proceed in some lanes while traffic in other lanes are stopped.
Crossing Code. ook out for
traffic turning into the road
which you are crossing.
If traffic lights are not working,
watch the traffic and follow
the Road Crossing Code to
cross the road with extreme
caution.

If there is a path across the road marked by two lines of studs, ook out for traffic turning into the road which you are
use that path to cross. t crossing with no pedestrian lights crossing. The driver may not see you or give way to you.
once you are sure the traffic lights for drivers are showing red
and that the traffic has stopped, you may cross but keep
watching the traffic around.
18
 For Pedestrians

t some unctions, the area Crossing North-west

of roadway over which you Railway (light rail)
may cross is marked with a
ight rail vehicles can run at
box of white criss-cross lines.
very high speed and are quiet.
Do not confuse this marking
hen crossing light rail
with the yellow criss-cross
tracks, use proper crossing
lines for box unction
places including footbridges,
marking for drivers do not
subways and reen manʼ
cross on an area of roadway
crossings.
marked with yellow criss-
cross lines. Certain sections of the tracks
are laid along lightly trafficked
roads where no proper
The advisory white criss-cross crossing places are provided.
lines for pedestrian crossing Under such circumstance,
areaʼ road marking you may you should follow the Road
cross on any path over the Crossing Code and exercise
marking under green extra care when crossing the
pedestrian signals. tracks.

The yellow criss-cross lines

for box unctionʼ road
marking for driver do not
cross over the marking.

1
 For Pedestrians
No-Crossing Zones
Within Zebraʼ controlled areas Guard rails Light rail vehicles and
trams only

You must not cross a road within the controlled area marked The sign permits the entry of
by ig ag lines. Use the ebraʼ crossing. light rail vehicles and trams
only. You must not walk
Near Green manʼ crossings beyond the sign.

15m

15m

ou must not cross within 1 metres on either side of a reen You must not climb through or over any guard rails or barriers
manʼ crossing. ou should use the crossing when the onto the roadway.
pedestrian light shows a reen manʼ and it is safe to do so.

Near footbridges and subways Central reservations

15m 15m

You must not cross within 15 metres on either side of a You must not climb through or over any guard rails, barriers or
foorbridge or subway. Use the footbridge or subway. central reservations.
20
 For Pedestrians
Handcarts, Animals, Marching Groups
Handcarts, trolleys behind regularly when moving person or traffic, for example
along the road. by forcing pedestrians to step
If you are using a handcart,
onto the roadway.
trolley or any other pedestrian
controlled vehicle, you need Looking after your animals
to take extra care to protect on the road
your safety and the safety of
others. Do not let your pet or animal
out on its own. On the road,
Use the pavement whenever you must keep it on a lead or
possible, particularly with under proper control, and
a small cart, but do not away from the roadway as far
endanger or inconvenience as practicable.
other pedestrians. Follow
the rules and advice for When you and your pet are on
You must not pass a traffic wear a hard hat and light- Marching groups and
pedestrians, particularly a pavement or the side of the
sign banning pedestrians or coloured, reflective or processions
when crossing the road. road (when there is no
banning rickshaws and fluorescent clothing.
pavement), walk between Organisers of marching groups
If you are using a large cart or handcarts, or use the road to them and the traffic. If you are leading or herding or public processions should
the pavement is crowded or which the ban applies. You animals, keep to the left of the make an application to the
too narrow, you should use must not enter or use a tunnelRiding a horse on roads with
road and look out for traffic police well in advance and follow
the roadway. Wearing bright, area or control area (see the traffic should be avoided.
particularly at places such as their advice given on using the
light-coloured, fluorescent or signs on page 73). However, if you have to ride a
bends and brows of hills roads. A group of people
reflecting clothing will help horse on the road, make sure
You must also not enter or where drivers may not be able marching on the road should
other road users to see you, you can control it in traffic.
use an expressway. Traffic to see you. If you need to keep to the left. There should
particularly at night or in poor walk with your back to the be look-outs in front and at the
signs are installed to mark the Do not ride recklessly or
visibility. negligently, or at a speed or in traffic, keep looking behind back wearing reflective clothing
start and end points of an
When using the roadway, expressway (see the signs on a manner which is dangerous you to watch out for traffic at night and fluorescent clothing
keep to the left and follow the page 71). to other road users. and keep listening at all times. by day. At night the look-out in
rules and advice for drivers; Make sure approaching front should carry a white or
Try not to push your cart When riding, keep to the left drivers can see you. After
it is important for your safety amber light, and the one at the
along busy roads. Do not of the road. If you are leading sunset, wear light-coloured or
to obey traffic light signals back a bright red or amber light
use elevated roads, flyovers a horse, on foot or while riding reflective clothing and carry
and traffic signs. Do not push visible from the rear. Additional
or underpasses. another, you should also keep lights which show white to the
or pull your cart or trolley the lights should be carried and
to the left and keep the led front and red to the rear.
wrong way along a one-way Do not leave your cart or reflective clothing worn by the
animal on your left. On one-
road or on the right-hand side trolley unattended on a out-side rank of long columns.
way roads, proceed only in Do not ride, lead or drive a
of a two-way road. ive way pavement or roadway or It is preferable if all marchers
the direction of the traffic and horse or other large animal on
to pedestrians at pedestrian where it may cause wear reflective and/or
keep to the left. If you are a footpath or pavement by the
crossings. Keep looking obstruction or danger to any fluorescent clothing.
riding a horse, you should side of the road. 21
 For Pedestrians
Persons with Disabilities
Mobility impaired persons
heelchairs (manually or
electrically propelled) and
crutches are the most
common walking aids for
mobility impaired persons to
travel around. any facilities
are provided on roads, such
as pavements and road
crossing places, for mobility
impaired persons, in particular
n international symbol of accessibility may appear on
those using wheelchairs. ost
pedestrian direction signs to indicate facilities or routes for
of the rules and advice given
mobility impaired persons.
to pedestrians also apply to
mobility impaired persons If using a wheelchair, you hen travelling on
using walking aids. should take note of the pavements, you should
arrier-free access facilities, following advice: be considerate towards
like lifts, ramps and dropped other road users and use
efore going out, make
kerbs, are provided to help the wheelchair attentively
sure your wheelchair is in hen crossing the road
you use the footbridges and to avoid causing any
a good condition and you at-grade, always use
subways to cross roads, nuisance, inconvenience or
are familiar with its dropped kerb crossings
and access premises and danger to them. ou should
operation. ear the seat and follow the Road
community facilities move at a reasonable
belt securely, if fitted. If you Crossing Code.
comfortably and safely. Use speed which at most
travel at night, wear bright,
ramps or lifts provided at should be comparable with
light-coloured or reflective
footbridges or subways. that of the moving crowd
clothing. It will help other
ome direction signs may around you. ook out for
road users to notice you.
help you locate the barrier-free the road environment and
access and nearby public Do not use wheelchair if the people moving around
facilities. you are under the influence you, in particular the
of alcohol or drugs as this sudden movement of
will affect your udgement young children or the slow
and control ability. movement of the elderly.

22
 For Pedestrians

Visually impaired persons Electronic audible traffic raille plates

signals and tactile units
The following facilities are To assist visually impaired
provided to help visually t most reen man persons, braille information
impaired persons in travelling crossings, they are on directional arrows and
around: provided with electronic floor numbers are provided
audible traffic signals at the barrier-free access
Tactile guide path
Directional tile with parallel specially designed for facilities such as the
path with continuous raised bars is used to guide use by visually impaired handrails or lifts.
different tactile tiles used to users along an intended safe persons. The audible traffic
link up public transport path. signals emit different sound
interchanges with nearby pattern representing
places of public interest. different pedestrian signal
states, e.g. a continuous
Tactile warning strip at
beeping sound to tell users
dropped kerb crossing
when the steady reen
strip with ha ard warning manʼ light has started to
tiles is used to warn users show, an intermittent
a ard warning tile with
of potential ha ards ahead. beeping for the flashing
raised big dots (3 mm in
reen manʼ and a slow
diameter) is used to give
hammering tone for Red
warning to users of potential
manʼ. tactile unit
ha ards ahead, for example
attached to the traffic light
at road crossing place or
poles may also be included
beginning end of staircase
to supplement the audible
ramp escalator.
traffic signals. Users can ibrator and directional arrow
touch a vibrator located at at the bottom
the bottom of the unit to
receive different vibrating
patterns corresponding to
different pedestrian signal
states and the directional
Positional tile with raised arrow to know the direction
small dots (23mm in of crossing the road.
diameter) is used to indicate
possible change in walking
directions, for example at
unctions.
23
 Chapter 3 For Passengers
For Passengers
Public Transport
Public Transport or request a reen minibus to
stop.
Buses
On some roads with o-
Public buses provide
stoppingʼ ones, the driver
scheduled services and run
may be permitted to stop.
on fixed routes. They may
The driver may also stop at a
only pick up or set down
green minibus stop or stand.
passengers at designated
reen minibuses are yellow in
bus stops or termini.
colour with a green roof.
Trams
Red minibuses (Public light
Trams run on fixed tracks
buses providing non-
along the northern coast of
scheduled services)
the ong ong Island
Red minibuses may operate
between ennedy Town and
on most roads except those
hau ei an. They may
with o public light busesʼ
only pick up or set down
signs. ou may hail or request
passengers at designated
a red minibus to stop
tram stops.
anywhere the driver is allowed
North-west railway (light to do so. In addition to the
rail) stopping restrictions generally
ight rail vehicles ( R s) run applying to all vehicles, there
along fixed tracks in Tuen are o stoppingʼ ones that New Territories taxis ( reen a number of specified ma or Route planning
un and uen ong with apply only to public light taxis) infrastructures and railway
ew Territories ( T) taxis stations via designated routes. Transport Departmentʼs mobile
designated stops. ost of the buses. The driver may also
operate throughout most of Traffic signs End of permitted application provides one-stop
tracks and their reserve areas stop at a red minibus stop or
the ew Territories region area for T taxisʼ are erected service of point-to-point public
are fenced off. Unauthorised stand. Red minibuses are
except Tsuen an, at appropriate road unctions transport route enquiry for pre-
entry into such fenced areas yellow in colour with a red
ha Tin, Tseung wan O, and to advise drivers of T taxis trip planning. ou can access
is strictly prohibited on safety roof.
antau Island. They are also their operating boundaries. it by your smartphone or
grounds.
Urban taxis (Red taxis) permitted to provide service desktop computer to search
Green minibuses (Public Urban taxis provide service to Lantau taxis ( lue taxis) your route. ( ee Further
between the ir Passenger
light buses providing the whole of ong ong but antau taxis serve only the Reference aterialsʼ)
Terminals of the ong ong
scheduled services) cannot operate on the closed whole antau Island and Chek
International irport and
reen minibuses run on fixed roads on antau Island ap ok including the ong
certain districts in the ew
routes to provide scheduled including Tung Chung Road. ong International irport.
Territories. The driver cannot
services. here the driver is take you to destinations
allowed to do so you may hail in the urban area except
24
 For Passengers
Using Buses
Using buses wait for the next one. Look
out for cyclists riding between
Do not get on or off a bus
the bus and the pavement or
unless it is standing at a bus
side of the road.
stop. When waiting by a bus
stop, keep a good distance After boarding a bus, move
from the edge of the footpath. along, and sit down if a seat is
You should queue for the bus available. Do not stand on the
– this makes getting on the upper deck, at the staircase
bus safer and quicker. When or beyond the yellow line near
forming a queue, do not block the bus entrance or exit. If you
the pavement. If queue are a wheelchair user, you
railings/markings are have to stabilise your
provided, queue within the wheelchair with locking
railings/markings. Do not device. The elderly, persons
stand on the roadway or force with disabilities, pregnant
other pedestrians to step onto women or other people in
the roadway. ive passengers need may use the priority
in wheelchairs and persons seats, if available.
with disabilities priority in
Hold on to a suitable handrail
boarding the bus. Do not step
if you have to stand. Sit down
onto the roadway to stop the
and fasten the seat belt, if
bus when it is leaving. When you want to get off at the road in both directions.
fitted. Offer your seat to those
If you want to get on a bus at in need, such as the elderly, next stop, use the bell-push, If the bus remains at the bus
a bus stop, give a clear signal persons with disabilities, or similar device, in good time stop or stand, cross the road
for it to stop. When the bus pregnant women and people to signal the driver. Note the well away from it. Do not cross
approaches, stand well back travelling with young children. bus stop announcement. Do in front or at the rear of the bus.
and wait until it has stopped You must not talk to or not alight while the door is
At a public transport
completely before getting on. distract the driver. Do not opening or closing.
interchange or bus terminus,
If there is no separate interfere with or try to operate When you have got off the bus watch out for buses and other
entrance and exit, let the the emergency exit door and want to cross the road, vehicles that may be coming in
passengers get off first. Do unless in emergency. wait until the bus has moved off or moving off.
not get on a crowded bus – and you have a clear view of

25
 For Passengers
Using Light Rail Vehicles or Trams
Using light rail vehicles (LRVs) Using trams
Follow the rules and advice
for using buses but you will
need to take special care in
reaching the tram or the tram
stop.
To reach a tram stop located
on an island, follow the Road
Crossing Code to cross to
the island. fter leaving a
tram, wait on the island and
follow the Road Crossing
Code to return to the
pavement. Use a footbridge
or pedestrian crossing where
it is oined to the tram island.
If there is no island, wait on
ight rail stops are located on t a platform, you should the pavement. Do not cross
raised platforms ad oining queue up behind the yellow to the tram until it has
tracks. For going to or leaving line while waiting for a R . stopped and other vehicles
a platform or the pavement, lways let people alight first also stopped behind the
you should use proper before you board the R . yellow topʼ line (see pages
crossing facilities, including fter boarding, you should 8 and 127). ikewise, do not
footbridges, subways and move inside. Do not obstruct leave the tram or cross the
reen manʼ crossings where the door. The R has road until you are sure it is
they are provided. If there are announcement of the next safe to do so.
no proper crossing facilities, stop and also warning to ou must not try to get on or
you should follow the Road passengers when the doors off a moving tram.
Crossing Code with extra are opening or closing.
care. ou must not stand on the
staircase of a tram, and
should avoid standing on
upper deck.
ou must not talk to or
distract the tram driver or
touch the controls.
26
 For Passengers
Using Public Light Buses, Taxis or Private Cars
Using public light buses or For private car passengers door locks. Do not throw
taxis anything out of the window or
ait until the car has stopped
put out any part of your body.
Find a safe place to wait before getting in or out.
before hailing a taxi or public here possible get in or out If the vehicle is installed with
light bus. If a taxi stand or a on the pavement or side of airbags, ensure that there is
public light bus stand or stop the road. ou must not open a good distance between you
for the route you want is the door in a manner that puts and the air bag outlet. Do not
nearby, go there and wait. anyone in danger or impedes sit or lean unnecessarily close
Do not wait where there is a pedestrians. Do not leave the to the airbag outlet.
stopping restriction which door open.
(For more information on seat
may prevent the driver from
If it is necessary to get out belts and air bags, see pages
stopping to pick you up, for
onto the roadway, do not 3 to 6.)
example where there are
open the car door until it is
double yellow lines or single
safe to do so. sk the driver
yellow lines (within the here possible, get in or out call bell (if provided) or tell the to help if necessary. Open the
restriction time). of a public light bus or taxi on driver well in advance so the door a little, look all around,
ait near the kerb but do not the pavement or side of the driver can stop safely. Do not particularly behind, and listen.
stand too close to it or on the road. leave your seat until the public atch out particularly for
roadway. hen a taxi or light bus has stopped. cyclists and motorcyclists.
ou must wear a seat belt,
public light bus approaches, if fitted, when travelling on If you are a taxi front seat hen there is no traffic, get
give a clear signal to the a public light bus or taxi. passenger and it is necessary out, stand by the car and
driver. to get out onto the roadway, close the door quickly. ook
hen travelling by taxi, give all around again and when
Do not step on the roadway follow the advice for private
early alert to the driver of any there is no traffic nearby, walk
or try to get in until the vehicle instructions so that the driver car passengers getting out
onto the roadway on this around the back of the car to
has stopped and the driver can carry them out safely.
page. the pavement or the side of
has opened the door for you Follow the rules and advice the road.
or knows you are getting in. for private car passengers
If the vehicle stops on the (Chapter 8 The anguage fter sitting in a seat, buckle
(see this page).
other side of the road, be sure of the Roadʼ includes up. ll passengers must
that the driver has stopped for Do not speak to the driver illustrations of traffic signs, always wear seat belts,
you and not for some other other than to give instructions. traffic light signals and road if fitted (see page 3 for more
reasons, and follow the Road Do not try to pay directly to markings referred to in this information).
Crossing Code to cross the the driver while the vehicle is chapter.)
still in motion. Do not distract the driver
road.
while the vehicle is in motion,
hen you wish to get off or touch any of the controls or
a public light bus, press the
27
 For Passengers
Persons with Disabilities
Public transport services On some taxis, talking meter fter boarding a bus or Certificate for picking up If you are
will inform passengers the a R , you should park and or setting down of
On public transport such as persons with mobility
vehicle registration number lock your wheelchair at the passengers with
buses, public light buses, problem, such as wheelchair
and the total fare. reserved parking space and disabilities in restricted
taxis, railways and tramways, users or users of walking
may choose to sit on the zones
various barrier-free facilities aids or
Mobility impaired persons closest priority seat, if
are provided to help persons passenger with disability or
and wheelchair users available. visually impaired persons,
with disabilities. impaired vision can board
ou may wait at the head hen you hire a taxi including and alight from a taxi, private you can apply for the
Visually impaired persons of the queue with a yellow wheelchair accessible taxi, car, private light bus or certificate from organisations
international symbol of your crutches and wheelchair private bus in no-stopping under the coordination of the
Tactile guide paths will guide
accessibility marked on the are carried free of charge. restricted ones (except ong ong Council of ocial
visually impaired persons
ground at public transport expressways and 2 -hour ervices.
( IPs) to move around public
interchanges, light rail Hearing impaired persons no stopping restricted
transport interchanges and ou can fill in the ourney
platforms and some bus ones), provided that no
light rail platforms, and The display panel of bus stop information and vehicle
stops for easier boarding. ha ard or ma or disruption is
to from nearby places of announcement system will registration number on the
public interest. show you the name of the caused to other road users,
certificate and present it to
next stop. by presenting a Certificate
uide dog can accompany the driver of taxi, private car,
for Picking Up or etting
IP on board. Once private light bus or private
Special transport services Down of Passengers with
on board, IP may sit on bus.
Disabilities in Restricted
the closest priority seat, For persons with disabilities onesʼ to the driver.
if available. raille and tactile who are unable to use public
plates are available on buses, transport, they may use
public light buses and taxis Rehabus. Rehabus provides
to inform them the vehicle territory-wide transport
registration number and or services which enable
the customer service hotline. mobility impaired persons to
travel to work or school,
On buses and R s, there
attend medical appointment,
would be announcement
or participate in social and
of the next stop and also
recreational activities.
bu ers to warn passengers
when the doors are opening
closing.

28
 Chapter 4 For Cyclists
For Cyclists
Cycling
cycle is regarded as a Learning to ride Reckless and careless
vehicle. cyclist has the cycling
There is much you need to
same obligation to follow the
learn before riding on the ou must not ride or use
rules and regulations
road. alancing and steering, your cycle in a manner that
applicable to drivers when
starting and stopping are all endangers other road users
cycling on the road. ost of
extremely important but there or yourself, or that would
the rules and advice given to
is much more to safe cycling. increase the risk of a traffic
drivers in Chapter apply to
s a new rider, you need to accident or increase the risk
cyclists. The advice contained
develop the ability to of in ury or death. ou must
in this chapter is aimed
understand and anticipate ride or use your cycle with
primarily at those using
the movements of other due care and attention
bicycles. owever some of
riders and drivers as well as and with reasonable
the rules and advice also
pedestrians. ou need to be consideration for other road
apply to those using tricycles
able to recognise the signs users.
or multi-cycles.
and signals they use to
ou must obey traffic signs, communicate with each other person who rides or uses
traffic signals, road markings permission before riding on the Do not wear anything that and be sure that your own a bicycle, tricycle or multi-
and traffic rules that apply road and, if under the age of may affect your proper actions are always in the best cycle on a road recklessly
generally to vehicles. 11, must cycle only with an control of your cycle or get interests of both yourself and or carelessly commits an
adult. caught in the wheels or chain. of other road users. offence.
ear glasses if you need
them to see properly. The legs of baggy trousers or Do not ride on the road until If you understand and follow
ome road users may not
shoelaces can get caught you can do so safely and the rules and advice in this
Do not ride if you suffer from be looking out for cyclists.
easily in the chain. Use a competently and until you chapter, as well as those in
any disability or illness that In addition, cycles can be
band to tie up trouser legs know and can follow the Road Chapter that apply to
makes it difficult harder to be seen from end-
if needed. Usersʼ Code. cyclists, you will ride safely
for you to ride safely. on. earing bright, light-
coloured, fluorescent or and with consideration for
ou must not ride when under reflective clothing belt will others.
Multi-cycles Riding of multi-cycles is
the influence of alcohol or help other road users to see restricted to certain
drugs. you. Reflective clothing belt designated areas and cycle
If you are taking medication, is the most effective safety tracks indicated by the left
consult your doctor to make gear to keep you visible by sign. child under the age
sure that it will not affect your others, particularly in the dark of 11 who rides or steers
ability to ride. or in poor light. a multi-cycle in such
Ride where drivers and designated places must be
Children should seek their accompanied by an adult.
parentʼs or guardianʼs pedestrians will be looking
and expect to see you.
2
 For Cyclists
You and Your Cycle
Cycles are of different types andlebars should be at maximum play
and si es and usually the about the same height or 2cm
Bell
height of the handlebars and slightly higher than the saddle Red light
at the rear
the saddle can be ad usted. (see diagram below) so that
To ride safely and your weight can be shared White light
in front Red reflector
competently, you must ride between the handlebars and
a cycle of the right type the saddle.
and si e and make proper
ad ustments to suit you. Check that the moving
Do not ride a cycle that is parts are oiled sufficiently
too small or too large for you. and the chain is tight enough
Check it with your local cycle (2cm maximum play) with no
dealers or experienced sign of damage or rust.
persons for further advice. If you prepare to ride at night
Check that you can ust touch or in poor visibility, your cycle
Efficient braking system

the ground with the tips of must be fitted with a white

Safety checks ake sure the brakes are lamp on the front and a red
both feet while sitting on the
suitably ad usted and kept in lamp on the rear. ake sure
saddle (see diagram below) ake sure your cycle is
proper working order, and can your lamps are in good
and ad ust it if necessary. If suitable for you and safe to
stop the wheels effectively condition and if you use
not, the cycle is too big or the ride.
and also the tyres are in good battery powered lamps,
saddle too high. If you can put Check that you can apply
ear a bright colour and condition with clearly seen check that the batteries have
both feet flat on the ground both brakes easily and fully
correctly fitted safety helmet tread pattern and are properly sufficient energy for your
while sitting on the saddle, with your fingers while still
which complies with pumped up. ourney. It is a good idea to
then the cycle is too small or holding the handlebar grips
the saddle is too low, giving and maintaining full steering international standards (see carry spare batteries and
you a cramped riding position. control. Further Reference aterialsʼ). lamps.
Put on suitable clothing with
Check that you can operate reflective belt (see page 2 ) our cycle must have a rear
the bell while holding and and wear personal protective red reflector fitted.
controlling the handlebars. equipment (for example, Reflectors can increase your
pads, gloves). our cycle visibility to other road users.
must be fitted with a warning Fit white reflectors on the front
bell. or side of your cycle, and
amber reflectors on the
pedals.

30
 For Cyclists
Safe Cycling
Basic cycling skills A system for safe cycling
s a new rider, learn and efore moving off, stopping, or turning, always carry out the
practise the following basic following routine:
skills at a suitable and safe Think: Think carefully what
place away from any traffic you want to do and allow
and where you can do so sufficient time to do it.
safely without causing any
inconvenience or risk to
others.
Do not ride on the road until
you can ride your cycle with
good balancing and steering,
starting and stopping well ook: Check if it is safe to
enough for you to concentrate manoeuvre look ahead,
on and cope with the dangers do not freewheel but keep Braking behind and all around.
of the road and other traffic. pedalling. Try and practise
earn which hand works the
steering around markers or
oving off practise this skill front brake and which hand
other obstacles.
following a narrow path as works the rear brake. pply
you become more competent. Emergency braking apply the rear brake for smooth
Use a low gear, if fitted. both front and rear brakes gradual slowing down. The
simultaneously. Try and front brake is more powerful
lowing down and stopping
practise emergency braking and efficient. owever, if you ignal: ignal what you
practise progressive and
by stopping as quickly as you apply it too hard, the cycle will intend to do, provided it is
controlled braking, bringing
can (also see rakingʼ on stop more abruptly and the safe. rm signals must be
your cycle to a stop smoothly
right). rear wheel may lift off the correct, clear and given in
and in the exact place
ground causing you to lose good time.
required. Try it at speed. hen you have mastered
control or even fly over the
On a wet surface, it will be these skills, try them again
handlebars, particularly when
more difficult. and also practise looking
going downhill at speed.
behind and giving correct
Pedalling, balancing and In normal riding conditions,
signals. Develop a constant
steering use the balls of apply the rear brake first, then It is only when the above steps have been taken that it is safe
awareness of all other vehicles
your feet to pedal. smooth the front brake. Control your
and pedestrians around you, to move off, stop, or change speed or direction.
pedalling style that exerts speed by braking
including their positions and
force throughout the entire appropriately when travelling
speeds. ou can find advice
circle will help balancing the downhill or before rounding
on what to do and when to
cycle. Even at low speeds, a bend. Only brake when the
do it in this chapter.
front wheel is straight. 31
 For Cyclists
Giving Signals
ive your signals clearly and Left-turn signal Right-turn signal Other vehicles can give Signals by other road
in good time. ive only the signals throughout the users
correct signals the three manoeuvre because they
illustrated on the right. are using direction indicator efore riding on the road,
signals or stop light signals. not only should you know
iving an arm signal means how to give signals, but also
These signals are more easily
riding with only one hand on be able to recognise signals
seen by other road users.
the handlebars. s riding given by others and know
one-handed is dangerous, s a cyclist, you have to rely what they mean (see pages
arm signal should not be on arm signals only before 10 and 10 for more
given for longer than the manoeuvre. our signals information on signals given
necessary and sometimes This signal indicates that the This signal indicates that the are not easily seen by other by drivers and cyclists).
it is safer not to give a signal cyclist is going to move out cyclist is going to move out road users, particularly at
at all. to the left or turn left. The to the right or turn right. night or in poor visibility.
whole of the arm and hand efore changing direction or
lways complete your signal
is extended level with the slowing down, make sure
and return your hand to the
shoulder, palm facing Slowing down signal other road users have seen
handlebars before carrying
forwards. If you give the you and avoid abrupt changes
out the manoeuvre, such as
signal in this way, it can that may bring you into
changing direction or slowing
be more easily seen and conflict with them. Do not rely
down so as to maintain
understood by other road completely on your signals.
maximum control.
users. eep looking around to
others.

This signal indicates that the

cyclist is going to slow down
or stop. The arm is extended
level with the shoulder, palm
facing downwards. ove the
arm up and down at least
three times, but not too fast.

32
 For Cyclists
Riding on the Road
Starting Emergency stop lways keep both hands on
the handlebars unless you are
efore you move off from the Do not signal. eep both
signalling.
side of the road, think which hands on the handlebars to
way you intend to go and look maintain control and use ou must keep at least one
ahead, behind and all around, both brakes. ove your hand on the handlebars at all
particularly over your right bodyweight lower and back times.
shoulder, for moving traffic. if you can.
lways keep both feet on the
If there is traffic approaching,
pedals.
wait until it has passed. hen Riding along
the traffic has passed, signal In general, keep to the left
lways cycle within your
clearly with your right arm and side of the road in single file
ability. In particular, you Regulatory sign cycling
then move off. and move at a steady speed.
should be comfortable with restriction
ook out for potholes, drains,
the road and traffic conditions.
Stopping road expansion oints, covers Cycling is prohibited beyond
afe riding requires skills not
and track, etc. the above sign. Cyclists must
Except in an emergency, only in controlling the cycle,
stopping must be done such as balancing, steering, hen you are about to make dismount and push their
carefully and gradually. starting and stopping, but a turn or come to a narrow bicycles or tricycles to
Decide where you wish to also in the following key areas: road, you may ride in the proceed beyond the sign
stop and look particularly to middle of the lane if it is safe until the end of the restriction.
• Awareness of cycles and
the rear over your right to do so and without causing
vehicles ahead, behind
shoulder for following traffic. serious disruption to traffic.
and to the sides, as well as
ignal that you are going to ook out for following traffic
pedestrians, traffic signals,
slow down and stop. hen when you move out. If you
road surface and the entire ou must not ride or push
braking, keep both hands on ride on a long narrow road,
vicinity your bicycle or tricycle past
the handlebars. try to make a stop at a lay-by
• Anticipation of what is or some wider area to allow the above regulatory traffic
On wet roads, it will take you signs banning bicycle or
likely to happen by following vehicles to pass
more time and much longer tricycle. These signs are often
observing movement, where possible.
distance to stop, so allow at found near elevated roads,
watching out for hidden
least twice the normal ou must not enter a tunnel flyovers and underpasses.
dangers and listening for Regulatory sign End of
distance. area, a control area or an
engine sounds, etc and cycling restriction
expressway. The start and
• Positioning yourself so end of such area are marked
that other drivers can see by traffic signs (see pages 71
you and know what you and 73).
intend to do.

33
 For Cyclists

ou must not ride on ou must never be towed or Use of the bell Steep cycleway
pavement. If there is a hold on to a vehicle or tow
Use your bell to warn other
cycleway or cycle lane along another cycle or other vehicle.
road users, especially
the road, you must use it.
ou must not carry any pedestrians, of your presence,
Do not stay on the cycleway The sign above advises
passenger. ou must not but only when it is necessary.
if you need to stop or take a cyclists to dismount and walk
carry any animal or anything
rest. Other motorists may not hear down the steep road section
which might obstruct your
your warning bell, so you ahead.
ou must ride in single file view, affect your balance or
should take safety
except when overtaking or complete control of your
precautions as necessary.
riding on cycleway. cycle, or get caught in the
wheels or chain. ou must not use your bell
ou must not ride a cycle in teep (downward)
to demand other road users,
the opposite direction to traffic Do not wear earphones of
especially pedestrians, to
on road. any audio devices or use
clear the way unless in
mobile phone.
atch out for pedestrians, emergency such as you are
particularly young children, unable to stop.
Do not lead any animal.
who may step or run onto
the road suddenly. If riding at night or in poor
visibility, you must switch on
atch out for other vehicles,
your cycle lamps to show a
particularly when approaching
white light to the front and a
a unction. Other drivers may
red light to the rear. Ensure the
turn left across your path.
lamps are on during your trip. teep (upward)
eep a safe distance from Even in daylight, switching on
any vehicle you are following. your cycle lamps can help On steep sections of roads,
ever get close to it. other road users see you. take care of your speed not
Otherwise, if it stops d ust suitably your cycle to reach a speed from which
suddenly, you may not have lamp to dip downwards so as you cannot stop safely. If you
time to do so. not to da le other road users. feel that you may not be able
to control the cycle, you
should dismount and push
your cycle through that road
section. The above signs
indicate steep downward
upward cycleway sections
ahead.

34
 For Cyclists

Overtaking hen riding along a road, It is very dangerous to Bus lanes ook out for pedestrians
you may need to overtake overtake a vehicle on its left. who may step unexpectedly
vehicles which are stopped ou however may overtake onto the road and for drivers
or are moving more slowly pass on the left under the who may drive into a bus lane
than you, or to pass road following situations only: to gain access to premises or
works or stalls on the side of when taking evasive action.
hen it is obvious from
the road. e prepared to ride in normal
the vehicleʼs position,
traffic conditions at the end
efore overtaking a parked movement, speed and
of the bus lane (for more
or slow-moving vehicle, think signals that it is going to
information on bus lanes, see
look of which line you wish to take. turn right.
page 6 ).
ook behind over your right
On one-way road (but not
shoulder for approaching
signal left dual carriageway) with Pedestrian crossings
vehicles and let them pass
stopped or slow-moving
before moving out. Time your ou must give way to
vehicle on the right-hand
manoeuvre so that you are pedestrians on a ebraʼ
side of the road.
not overtaking, as they pass crossing. If there are
you. Ensure also that while Do not pass between the kerb pedestrians on the crossing,
overtaking, you will be in no and a bus when the bus is stop and wait behind the
danger from vehicles coming at a stop. ait until the bus ive wayʼ line. ou must not
in the opposite direction. moves off, unless it is safe to weave through pedestrians on
ignal with your right arm pass it on the other side and a crossing or try to force your
before moving out. you can return to your normal way.
path before the bus moves
hen you are about to t reen manʼ crossings,
off.
overtake parked vehicles, you must stop and wait
you should look out for any ou should never overtake on behind the topʼ line if the
pedestrians who may appear the left of or weave in and out red light is showing. ou may
look again
suddenly between the of stationary or very slow only go forward if the green
vehicles also watch out for moving traffic. It is often better light is showing and the way
ou may use bus lanes unless
signal right any driver or passenger of the to wait for the traffic to move. is clear. ive way to any
there are signs banning
stopped vehicle who are likely pedestrians still on the
cyclists. owever, buses at
to open a door into your path. crossing.
look bus lane may be travelling
If possible, leave at least a
faster than the traffic in other
doorʼs width clearance
lanes. llow bus to pass when
between your cycle and
situation permits.
the vehicle.

35
 For Cyclists
Turning and Junctions
t unctions, traffic may be Right-turn ait until there is a safe gap the traffic condition before
moving in different directions. in the oncoming traffic and you turn.
This makes such places take a final look before
ook to the right, left and right
particularly dangerous. completing the turn. eware
again before you turn into a
Decide well in advance which of traffic coming out from the
main road. ook out for other
way to go, then think of which side road. Do not cut the
cycles as well as cars and
line you wish to take. ook corner during the turn. egin
larger vehicles coming.
particularly to the rear for to turn when you are opposite
traffic. efore you turn, signal the centre of the road into If there is any traffic coming,
clearly and in good time the which you intend to turn. let it pass. Do not assume that
direction you wish to go. look again a vehicle approaching from the
On busy roads or at night or
right and signalling left will turn
lways be ready to give way wait until clear in poor visibility, you may stop
left. ait to make sure. hen
to pedestrians who may step (signal right) on the left side of the road
look again all traffic lanes are clear, make
onto the road near a unction. and wait for a safe gap in the
look again your turn as quickly as
traffic in both directions before
ou cannot be seen as easily possible.
as larger vehicles and other wait until clear you make your turn. ignal
signal left before you turn. Do not wait If you feel safer using a
drivers may not be looking out (signal right)
in the middle of the road, pedestrian crossing place to
for cyclists whenever it is
especially at night. cross a road, do so but push
safe to do so, give clear arm
your cycle and follow the rules
signals to let drivers behind look In any case, or if you feel
and advice for pedestrians.
know your intended move. unsafe, you may dismount on
the roadside and push your
Traffic light junctions
Left-turn cycle across the road at a
pedestrian crossing following ou must follow all traffic
hen approaching a unction, look
the Road Crossing Code. signals, traffic signs and road
look behind and ahead.
markings at traffic light
atch out for vehicles turning
Turning into or crossing a unctions. ou must wait behind
in front of you. Do not ride
main road the topʼ line if the traffic light
near or beside a vehicle ignal left before you turn. Turning right is a potentially
is red, or red and amberʼ. ou
signalling or slowing down to ook out for pedestrians dangerous manoeuvre as you If there is a topʼ sign, you
may continue only when the
turn left. They may not see crossing the road. fter must cross the carriageway must stop even if there is no
green traffic light is showing
you. et them pass first. turning, keep to the left of for oncoming traffic. traffic coming. top behind
and it is safe to do so
the road. the line, not over it.
s you approach the unction, To turn right, signal right and (see pages 106 and 107 for
keep to the left or you may then approach near the centre Even where there is a ive more information about traffic
move to the middle of the of the road, ust to the left of wayʼ sign, it is often better lights).
lane, if it is safe to do so. the centre line. If there is a to stop and check carefully
lane for right-turn, use it.
36
 For Cyclists
Using Roundabouts
There are two types of Turning right Going straight ahead
roundabouts, conventional
and spiral roundabouts (see
page 81). hen using any
roundabout, follow the advice signal left
on this page. signal left
t a roundabout, those
approaching must give way
to traffic already on the
roundabout. ny exceptions
to this rule are always clearly
indicated by traffic signs and
check for check for
road markings.
traffic which traffic which
ever try to use a roundabout may cross may cross
unless you know: your path your path
which way you intend to go For turning right or going straight ahead, you should approach Turning left
long before you reach the on the left, during and after the manoeuver. Once riding on the
unction. ny direction sign roundabout, watch out for vehicles crossing your path to leave
placed before the or enter the roundabout. eep left and signal left as you
roundabout will be of help approach your exit.
the arm signal that you eep to the outside of the roundabout paying particular
should give before attention to traffic on the right which may cut across your path
manoeuvre and to leave the roundabout and traffic which is entering the
the exact route and road roundabout ahead of you. top, if in doubt or necessary,
position you should take before crossing an entrance or exit.
throughout the manoeuvre. ignal left when you are about to reach your exit.
signal left
Other traffic also approaches in the right-hand lane but it is
often safer for a cyclist to keep left.
signal left
If in doubt or you feel unsafe to negotiate the roundabout,
get off and push your cycle along the pedestrian route.
ou should approach on the left signalling left as you get
near the unction. ou must give way to traffic on the
roundabout. Once on the roundabout, keep left and signal
left again as you approach your exit.
37
 For Cyclists
Cycleways
If there is a cycle lane, or an ook out for pedestrians on Riding on steep down ramps
ad acent cycleway beside the or crossing the cycleway, or
roadway, you must ride on it persons working or carrying It is potentially dangerous to travel down steep gradients
and not on any other part of out other activities near the (often found at cycle subways and bridges) at excessively
the roadway. cycleway. They may not see high speed. Riding too fast down a steep ramp can cause a
or hear you coming. lways loss of control or even a crash, especially under
If there is a footpath and a inappropriate braking. Take great care and dismount if
give way to pedestrians.
cycleway side by side, you necessary. e especially alert at:
must ride on the cycleway Ride only in the direction
only. ook out for any indicated by traffic signs and a long steep downhill ramp combined with a sharp bend
pedestrians, particularly road markings. If the backs of at the bottom
young children, who may step the traffic signs are facing you, an intersection within a subway
or run onto the cycleway you are probably riding the
without looking. wrong way. On a two-way a long steep scissor-type down-ramp
cycleway, keep to the left.
hen riding on cycleways,
you must follow the rules and e aware of vehicles at road
advice that apply to you on crossings with cycleway, and
normal roads. Cycleways are prepared to stop or give way
also roads but motor vehicles to other cyclists at unctions
are generally not permitted to with other cycleways.
enter and use cycleways.
eep to the left of the
cycleway and allow other
Regulatory signs marking the
cyclists to pass you on
start of a cycleway, or an
the right. Overtake only on
ad oining footpath and
the right.
cycleway
The following signs advise cyclists to dismount as there are
potential conflicts or ha ards ahead.

Direction sign showing the

route for cyclists

38
 For Cyclists

End of cycleway Crossing roads Crossing light rail tracks

cycle route may cross a cycle route may cross a light rail track. here it does so,
road with traffic, where drivers you must get off your cycle and push it across the tracks
may not be alert and prepared using the reen manʼ crossing at a designated crossing
for cyclists. point. ou must obey the traffic lights for pedestrians.
ou should get off your cycle Do not cross until the steady reen manʼ shows.
and push your cycle across
the road, and follow the
advice on Road Crossing
Code given in Chapter 2 for
pedestrians but allow yourself
more time and room to push
and handle your cycle safely.

This regulatory traffic sign

or the concerned road
Regulatory sign indicating that
marking indicates which
you must get off your cycle
side must be used by
and push it across the road
cyclists and which side
by using a pedestrian
n Endʼ traffic sign or road marking may indicate the end must be used by
crossing.
of a cycleway. ou have to oin or return to the normal road pedestrians. o other road
and ride with other traffic. e prepared to oin traffic on the users are permitted.
normal road. ook over your shoulder and wait for a safe
gap in the traffic.

3
 For Cyclists

Pushing your cycle Cycle parking

ou may find it necessary
or desirable to get off and
push your cycle along,
particularly if the traffic
conditions are such that you
do not feel safe to ride with
the traffic or you may find it
difficult to do so.
If you push your cycle along,
do keep proper control of
your cycle by pushing your
cycle with both hands on
the handlebars and use the
brakes as necessary.
If you are pushing your cycle
along the road, keep as
close to the side of the road The rules and advice for the obstruction to pedestrians,
as possible and keep your parking of vehicles generally would not cause any
cycle between you and the apply to cycles. On a road danger, for example by
traffic. Follow the rules and with street lighting, you may forcing pedestrians to step
advice as if you are riding on only park your cycle in a onto the road, and does not
the road. parking place designated for make it more difficult for
pedal cycles. owever, no others to see clearly.
If you are pushing your cycle
cycle should be continually
on the pedestrian crossing,
parked at the same parking
pavement, verge or
place for more than
footpath, follow the rules
2 hours.
and advice for pedestrians
given in Chapter 2, If you want to have a
particularly the advice given temporary stop, such as to
on page 21 for pedestrians take a rest, you may leave
with handcarts or trolleys. your cycle on a pavement,
footpath or verge for a short
period, provided that this
would not cause any
0
 Chapter 5 For All Drivers
For All Drivers
Driving
ou must be aged at least alcohol can affect your driving per 100ml of blood, or 67mg of doctors, pharmacists or It is also an offence if you,
18 and hold a valid driving ability. Do not drive after alcohol per 100ml of urine. ny dentists if in doubt and ask for without reasonable excuse,
licence which you must have drinking. s an alternative, driver of motor vehicle found alternative medications when refuse or fail to undergo
with you whenever you are you can use taxi or other exceeding the prescribed limit necessary. preliminary drug tests or to
driving. public transport services, or will face prosecution under provide blood and or urine
arrange a non-drinker to do the law. If the proportion of Preliminary drug tests specimens for drug analysis.
ou must wear glasses if you
the driving. alcohol far exceeds the
need them to meet the driving ou may be requested by
prescribed limit, the penalty Smoking
test standard to read at a The police have the power to police officer to undergo
will be more severe.
distance of 23 metres in good demand a screening breath preliminary drug tests if you moking will distract your
daylight a vehicle number test from any driver who is are involved in a traffic driving. void smoking while
Drug driving is a criminal
plate. ou must not drive with randomly stopped during accident, or have committed driving.
offence
uncorrected defective vision. roadblock operations or other a moving traffic offence, or are
If driving in bright sunlight is traffic enforcement checks, It is an offence if you drive a suspected of driving under the
uncomfortable, use good or from any driver who is motor vehicle with any influence of drugs.
quality sunglasses but not involved in a traffic accident, concentration of specified
Your passengers
at night or in conditions of or has committed a moving illicit drugs heroin, cocaine,
poor visibility. traffic offence, or is suspected ketamine ( k ), Front seat passengers 3 or above and under 1.3
of drink-driving. methamphetamine ( ice ), should maintain a gap of not metres tall can be counted
ou should not drive if you less than one quarter of a
cannabis ( grass ) and D as two passengers)
suffer from any disability or If the screening breath test metre between their bodies
( ecstasy ) present in blood or
illness that may make it result indicates a level above ou should arrange
urine. and the dashboard. In case
difficult for you to drive safely.
the prescribed limit. The driver passengers to get in or out
of accident or emergency
our health affects your must provide specimens of ou must also not drive under of your vehicle from the
braking, if their bodies are
driving even a cold can put breath, blood or urine as the influence of any drugs pavement or the side of the
too close to the dashboard,
you below par. required by police officer (other than the above- road. Do not allow them to
they might be in ured by
for alcohol analysis. mentioned specified illicit open the door in a manner
ou should not drive, if you hitting the dashboard first
drugs) to such an extent as to that will put anyone in
are tired, unwell or emotionally It is also an offence if you, before the seat belts could
be incapable of having proper danger.
upset. without reasonable excuse, hold them back.
control of the motor vehicle.
refuse or fail to provide hen you get out of your
Passengers must sit on
Drink driving is a criminal specimens of breath, blood Drugs can affect body and vehicle to help passengers
properly provided and
offence or urine for test analysis. mind coordination, boarding alighting or load
secured seats. ou must not
significantly impairing oneʼs unload goods, you must
It is an offence if you drive carry more passengers than
Prescribed limit ability to drive. If taking drugs switch off the engine, engage
under the influence of alcohol the seating capacity
before driving cannot be the vehicle in first gear
to such an extent as to be The prescribed limit is set at indicated on your vehicle
avoided, make sure the drugs (manual) or park mode
incapable of having proper 22 micrograms of alcohol per licence. ( child under the
will not affect your driving (automatic), and apply the
control of your motor vehicle. 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, or age of 3 years need not be
ability. Consult healthcare parking brake first.
Even a small amount, the 0 milligrams (mg) of alcohol counted. Three children aged
professionals including 1
 For All Drivers
Safety Checks

our vehicle must be covered

by an effective insurance
policy and have a valid vehicle
licence displayed on the left-
hand side of the windscreen.

ou must keep your vehicle in Check the performance of lights and instruments work ou must ensure that any ou must not start or run your
good working order. Follow steering wheel and brakes, properly. loads carried or towed are engine with the fuel tank cover
the advice in your vehicle including the parking brake. secure and they do not removed.
Replace tyres before they
ownerʼs handbook on regular obstruct your view.
ake sure windscreen, become badly worn and
servicing and vehicle checks.
windows, number plates never use a combination of Driver assistance system systems, you still have to
ake sure your vehicle doors and reflectors are clean. cross-ply and radial-ply tyres. keep watching the road and
and door latches are properly Ensure that your tyres are If your vehicle is equipped
ou must make sure all your traffic conditions and keep
maintained in good working inflated to the correct pressure. with driver assistance
lamps work and are clean, your hands on the steering
condition. The required minimum depth systems, you must fully
and your headlamps are wheel, so that you can
of tread is 1mm throughout at understand their functions,
ake sure the window glass properly ad usted. adly resume manual control of the
least three quarters of the operation and limitations
will not obscure the view of ad usted headlamps will vehicle immediately in
breadth of the tread. before you use them. hen
the interior. lso, your view da le other drivers. emergency situation or when
using driver assistance
should not be obscured by ake sure your seat belts necessary.
Check whether windscreen
ob ects inside the vehicle. are properly maintained and
wipers and washers, warning
42 ad usted.
 For All Drivers
Seat Belts
Legal requirements for wearing seat belts
Drivers Front Seat Rear Seat
Passengers Passengers
Private Cars
eat belt must be
Taxis
worn if fitted
Public ight uses eat belt must be eat belt must be
worn if fitted worn if fitted
Private ight uses
and oods ot applicable
ehicles
uses eat belt must be worn ot applicable

Private cars, taxis, eat belts that are fitted to Exemption on medical grounds
light buses, goods your vehicle must be of an
The Commissioner for Transport may consider granting you an exemption from wearing a
vehicles and buses approved type. The seat belt
seat belt if you can present a valid medical certificate from a doctor. owever, very few
must be worn properly
ou must wear an approved people could be exempted on medical grounds. There is no list of health reasons, including
it must securely fasten the
seat belt, if fitted, when driving pregnancy, which will automatically exempt you.
wearer to the seat. Two or
except when you are carrying
more persons must not share
out a manoeuvre which Pregnant drivers or effects of traffic accidents
a seat belt at the same time.
involves reversing, for passengers are also sub ect occurring at quite low speeds.
example a three-point turn, or child passenger under the to the above requirement of head-on collision involving
moving forward and reversing age of 3 must be securely wearing seat belt. In case of a two vehicles each moving at
into a parking place. fastened to the seat by means crash, pregnant women who only 2 km h produces an
of an approved child restraint wear seat belts sustain fewer impact speed of 0 km h -
For private cars, you as a
when travelling in the front in uries than those who do the same as falling head first
driver must make sure that all
seat of private car, goods not, hence the risk to the from the third floor window of
your passengers wear seat
vehicle or private light bus. It baby is reduced. a building.
belts, if fitted. s private light
would be much safer to put
bus and goods vehicle earing a seat belt can
your children in the rear seats
drivers, you are responsible reduce your chance of death
of a vehicle than in the front
for ensuring that your front or serious in ury by about half.
seats. (For more information
seat passengers aged below eat belts are also very
on child safety in cars, see
1 wear seat belts, if fitted. effective in reducing the
page )

43
 For All Drivers

Wearing your seat belts Looking after your seat Making a seat belt more How to wear seat belts during pregnancy
correctly belts comfortable
ost seat belts fit eat belts should be looked ome people may find
automatically. ut there are after and checked regularly. seat belts uncomfortable.
still some points to watch. orn, damaged or defective For example, for smaller
nd these are more important seat belt cannot protect you persons, the upper part of
with static type belts. The lap or your passenger, and is also the belt may be across their
belt must restrain your hip illegal. eat belts will wear, neck instead of across the
bones by lying across the top even if not used very much. shoulder. Usually such
of your thighs not stomach. Check your belts for signs of problem may be overcome
The diagonal strap should lie damage and make sure that by using a booster seat.
mid-way across your they run freely through the
Even if a seat belt is
shoulder, staying in contact upper anchorage guides.
uncomfortable, it must be
with your chest up to about If you have inertia reel belts,
worn. It is safer to wear a
your collar bone. ee that the check that the unused
seat belt that does not fit
buckle is well down to your webbing goes back into the
comfortably than to travel
side and not lying on your reel easily.
without using it. It will still
body. ou may have to
ake sure that no part of a protect you in an accident.
change the length of the ap belts, as well as the The shoulder strap should
belt becomes trapped in a
straps. ake sure the straps lap portion of a lap-shoulder be placed between the
door or under a seat. This can
are not twisted or trapped belt combination, should be breasts, above the bump.
cause serious damage to the
and then fasten the buckle. placed low, across the hips, d ust the shoulder belt for
belt. If the buckles are on
If necessary, tighten the belt under the bump and over a snug fit. If it cuts across
flexible stalks, do not bend
as tight as possible but the upper thighs. They must your neck, reposition your
them back behind the seats
allowing for comfort. lie snugly over the pelvis, car seat for a better fit.
or out of the way when they
one of the stronger bones of
ou must not put on clips are not in use. ive you and your baby the
the body.
onto the seat belt as this best protection available by
If a seat belt is worn, damaged
would seriously reduce the ever place the belt over the buckling up.
or defective, it should be
effectiveness of the seat belt abdomen.
replaced immediately.
and also be illegal.
tatic belts should always be
stowed on the clip provided.
Do not allow them to dangle
on the floor.

44
 For All Drivers
Child Safety in Cars
Children under the age of 3 child must not be held in Child restraint device should be placed on the floor,
must be restrained by an arms or allowed to sit on wedged between the front
approved child restraint the lap of a front seat and rear seats. folded
device when travelling in the passenger. In an accident, blanket will help to level the
front seats of a private car, the child would be crushed floor or wedge the cot in
private light bus or goods between the passenger and place. Fasten a cover over the
vehicle. The requirement also the vehicle dashboard or carrycot to help stop the baby
applies to those children thrown out of the vehicle. from being thrown out.
travelling in the rear seats of
If children are in someone
private car when such device
elseʼs car or if you are
is available for use.
carrying a lot of children,
Other young child passengers child restraints may not be
(aged 3 and above) travelling available. In that case,
Up to 12 months (or babies
in private car should also use children must wear seat belts 3 to 12 years (or children
weighing under 9kg who
child restraint device to instead of not being restrained weighing 15 – 36kg)
cannot sit up by
enhance the protection, at all.
themselves) Use either a child harness
if available. If child restraint
oung children should be made of a lap strap and two
device is not available, they They should be carried in
placed in the rear seats and shoulder straps or a booster
must be restrained by seat the rear of the car lying down
approved restraining devices seat together with the ordinary
belts when travelling in in a carrycot or infant carrier.
appropriate to their age and seat belt, which also has an
private cars. If the carrycot is made for use
si e should be used. 9 months to 4 years (or extra strap running behind the
in a car, fix it on the rear seat
Child restraint device must children weighing 9 – 18kg child that acts as a guide to
using the restraining straps
be correctly and securely who can sit up by change the lie of the diagonal
provided and or the
fitted to the vehicle in themselves) belt.
appropriate anchor points
accordance with the
in accordance with the n appropriate child safety
manufacturerʼs instructions. Over 12 years (or teenager
manufacturer s instructions, seat is the best. The child is
lways ensure that your weighing above 36kg)
and secure the child in the held in the seat by a harness.
children are fastened properly
carrycot. If the carrycot is not Follow the manufacturerʼs The ordinary seat belt could
in the child restraint device.
made for use in car, place it instructions on fixing the child be used.
across the car with the baby s seat to the car structure.
head in the middle of the car.
The carrycot should be held
on the rear seat by special
carrycot restraining straps.
If this is not possible, the cot

45
 For All Drivers
Airbags
How to get maximum
protection
Remember to wear your
seat belt properly.
irbags need space for
inflating. o, ensure there
is a good distance between
yourself your passengers
and the airbag outlet. Do
not sit or lean unnecessarily
close to the airbag outlet.
Do not place any ob ects
over the airbag outlet or
in between the outlet and
you to avoid being hurt by
these ob ects when the
airbag inflates.
Do not place young
children in any front
passenger seats installed
with airbags when using
How airbags protect you irbags can enhance eat belt can hold your rearward facing child
further passenger safety in case entire body in your seat, restraint devices. oung
of accident. irbags can and can reduce your children should be placed
irbags are designed to in the rear seats using
cushion your head and chance of in ury by the
supplement seat belt approved restraining
upper body from striking inflating airbag.
system, but cannot devices appropriate to their
the dashboard. owever,
replace it. eat belt offers the best age and si e.
airbags inflate very fast and
and most effective
eat belt is the most with great force. If you are
protection in all types of
important restraining too close to an inflating
collisions or roll-over
system. lways wear your airbag, you could be
accidents. irbags only
seat belt. seriously hurt.
function in particular
collisions.

6
 For All Drivers
Driver Education
Learning to drive To pass the written test, you
have to demonstrate your
knowledge and understanding
of the Road Usersʼ Code. To
pass the practical driving test,
you have to demonstrate your
driving ability to drive safely
and competently following
the rules and advice in this
Code. earner drivers
preparing for the practical
driving tests are also advised tart and continuation of
to make reference to the an expressway
uide to Driving Test
-plateʼ learner driver under
published by the Transport
instruction
Department. uch guide will
If you start to learn driving a be provided to persons who s a learner driver, you may
private car or a light goods apply for the driving test. drive only at certain times
vehicle, you must obtain a of the day and you are
s a learner driver, you must
learnerʼs driving licence for prohibited from using certain
not drive on an expressway.
the respective class of vehicle. roads. ou must not normally
Traffic signs on the right mark
ou must not drive without a carry any passengers. our
the start and end of an
licensed driving instructor vehicle must be fitted with
expressway.
until you have obtained a -platesʼ. sk your driving
probationary driving licence instructor about these and
after passing the written and other rules and advice for
practical driving tests. End of an expressway learner drivers.
Information on different types earner drivers must not drive
of driving licences and driving past this sign or drive on the
tests may be obtained from road to which the ban applies.
any icensing Office of the
Transport Department.
ou may also see Further
Reference aterialsʼ.

7
 For All Drivers

Probationary driving If you are convicted of road Driving improvement have not incurred any DOPs Driving-offence points
licence scheme (motor traffic offence that carries course system
have accumulated 1 or
cycles, motor tricycles, driving-offence points
The driving improvement more DOPs incurred within The DOPs system is a
private cars and light (DOPs) or relates to any of the
course is specially designed the past 2 years or measure designed to
goods vehicles) above restrictions during the
to instill in drivers a stronger promote safety on the road.
probationary driving period, have within the past 2 years
ou are only eligible to apply sense of road safety and The main purposes are to
your probationary driving been deducted DOPs from
for a probationary driving good driving behaviour. deter habitual traffic offenders
period may be extended or the total number of DOPs
licence to drive a motor cycle, Drivers who wish to improve and to improve standards of
your probationary driving incurred.
motor tricycle, private car or their driving behaviour may driving in order to reduce the
licence may be cancelled
light goods vehicle upon attend the course in one of accident toll. Certain traffic
(see Further Reference
passing the respective driving the designated driving offences will carry driving-
aterialsʼ about driving
tests. ou have to undergo a improvement schools. offence points, in addition to
licences).
probationary driving period other penalties. Committing
If you have been convicted
of at least 12 months To obtain a full driving licence, any of these scheduled
of serious traffic offences,
satisfactorily before applying you must submit an offences will result in the
such as dangerous driving
for a full driving licence. application within 3 years recording of the
and drink driving, you are
During the period, you are from the date of satisfactory corresponding points. If 1
compulsorily required to
required to display a Pʼ plate completion of the or more DOPs have been
attend and complete the
at the front and rear of the probationary driving period. incurred within a period of 2
driving improvement course.
vehicle you are not allowed years, the driver can be
to drive your vehicle at a If you have accumulated 10 disqualified by a court from
speed in excess of 70 km h DOPs incurred within the past holding or obtaining a driving
(on roads with speed limit 2 years, you are also required licence for a certain period.
greater than 70 km h) and to attend the driving ny scheduled offence
drive on the right most lane of improvement course (i.e. for committed as from that date
expressways where three or every 10 DOPs). attracts DOPs if the driver:
more traffic lanes are open for
Upon your satisfactory is convicted by a court or
use by traffic unless you are
attendance and completion
heading for a right side exit. becomes liable to a fixed
of the course, 3 DOPs will
If you are a probationary be deducted from the total penalty of that offence.
rider of motor cycle or motor number of DOPs you have For more information of
tricycle, you are not allowed Pʼ plate for probationary incurred. owever, no DOP DOPs system, scheduled
to carry any passenger. drivers of motor cycles, motor will be deducted if on the offences and their
tricycles, private cars and light completion date of the corresponding DOPs, see
goods vehicles to display on course, you: Further Reference aterialsʼ.
their vehicles.
8
 For All Drivers
Before Moving Off
efore getting into your ear secured footwear with Blind spots Route planning
vehicle, check that there are full enclosure of foot when you
no obstructions nearby which drive. Do not wear any loose efore moving off,
you would be unable to see shoes, open back shoes, ensure that you know
when seated. In particular, sandals, high heels, etc. how to get to your
check that there are no destination. For
children near the vehicle. Pre-start routine example, Transport Department s
Pay particular attention to mobile application can help you
the blind spots at the rear. plan the route. ou can access it
re all the by your smartphone or desktop
Once seated, ensure that doors properly computer (see Further
all doors, including the closed Reference aterialsʼ).
passenger doors, are securely
shut and that child safety A safe system for driving
Is your driving
locks on doors, where fitted, ell before you carry out any
seat in the right manoeuvre moving off, turning
are secured when children are
position left, turning right, changing lanes,
in the vehicle, and that seat
belts are being worn. slowing down, stopping, reversing,
re the mirrors overtaking or performing any other
If you are going to drive an clean and movement always carry out the
unfamiliar vehicle, make sure properly following routine:
you know where the various ad usted Think you should think carefully
controls are and also any what you want to do in good time.
difference in the way they ave you, and ook you should check if it is
operate. your safe to do it by looking ahead,
passengers, put looking behind in your mirrors or
If your pet or animal is in the
on seat belts other monitoring displays, and
vehicle, keep it under control looking all around.
and ensure that it cannot
Is the hands- ignal when it is safe, signal
disturb you while driving.
free kit of your what you intend to do. This signal
ou must also not let it out of must be correct, clear and given
your vehicle onto the road mobile phone
The grey areas are blind driver of a large vehicle, in good time.
unless it is under control. ready for use
spots areas a driver cannot such as a bus or lorry, may ook again check that it is still
ake sure no passenger see. Outside mirrors help to not normally have the use of safe to carry out or complete your
or load obstructs your reduce blind spots. an inside mirror. The blind manoeuvre.
movement or view. spots will be larger, Always use the think –
particularly to the rear. look – signal – look again
routine well in advance of
every manoeuvre.
 For All Drivers
On the Road
Moving off parked vehicles, allow room mobile phone or any other short while, for example, to If possible, arrange a
for a door to be opened. telecommunication equipment alight to help your second driver with you.
efore moving off, you must
Parts of your vehicle may or their accessories by passengers.
use your mirrors or other
overhang, such as mirrors. holding it in your hand, or Safe and courteous driving
monitoring displays, and look
If so, allow more room. holding it between your head Avoid fatigue driving
around as well for a final Bad driving habits and
and shoulder. Even if you are
check. ook out for ou must not allow Do not drive if you are tired. manners are more than
not holding your mobile
pedestrians who may be passengers to hold the ave a good rest before irksome and rude. They are
phone, you should also avoid
crossing or standing by your steering wheel or to lean out driving. often dangerous and
using it (e.g. reading or
vehicle. small child may be of a window. sometimes illegal. ou should
texting) while driving. ou will Plan your trip well ahead
hidden from view. ignal be more courteous and
In a traffic hold-up or in slow be distracted by the use of particularly for a long
before moving out. ove off co-operative. ad driving
moving traffic, do not try to mobile phone and will not ourney.
only when you can do so adds to congestion and
ump the queue by cutting have proper control of your
safely without making other Do not drink alcohol or take general aggravation.
into another lane or by vehicle. If you wish to use
vehicles change speed or drugs. ust a small amount Always avoid:
overtaking the vehicles waiting mobile phone while driving,
direction. will aggravate the effects of
in front of you. either stop in a safe place or Travelling too fast
fatigue and impair
ask a passenger for Observe the speed limit and
Driving along On narrow or winding roads, significantly your driving
assistance. ad ust your speed to suit the
or roads where there is a lot ability. Drink or drug driving
eep to the left except traffic flow, the road and
of traffic following, drivers of Drivers who have a real need is also a criminal offence.
when traffic signs or road weather conditions, and your
large or slow-moving vehicles to use mobile phone while
markings indicate you may do Plan to take regular breaks ability. Remember that as
should be prepared to pull in, driving must use hands-free
otherwise when intending to during a long ourney. speed increases, the stopping
and slow down or stop, as device and are advised to
overtake or turn right or when et out of the car, and distance and the severity of
soon as there is a suitable keep the conversation short.
you have to pass stationary have a snack or a stretch, any accident will increase.
opportunity to do so, so as lso, if you use mobile phone
vehicles or pedestrians on the if possible.
to give faster vehicles a or other equipment as a Going too slow lthough
road. llow others to overtake
chance to overtake. driving aid such as navigation If you feel tired while some consider this to be safer
if they want to. Do not drive
device, you must still focus on driving, lower the windows driving, it may be irritating to
on a footpath or pavement by Do not drive while wearing
road conditions and are to let fresh air in or lower other drivers. If you observe
the side of the road. Do not earphones. Do not play an
advised to use audio guide. the temperature of the air- traffic building up behind you,
drive on a hard shoulder, audio device loudly as it
conditioning to keep you look for an opportunity to
hard strip or verge. would distract your attention ou must turn off the engine,
awake. here condition move over or pull off the road
towards emergency siren or engage the vehicle in first
hen driving, keep away from permits, find a suitable to allow other motorists to
horns. ou must not watch gear (manual) or park mode
the edge of the road. Do not parking space to stop and pass. On a multi-lane road,
television or video while (automatic), and apply firmly
drive close to the pavement take a rest, but never stop merge quickly but safely,
driving. the parking brake before
or verge allow room for a on an expressway or a road matching your speed with
vacating the vehicle, even
pedestrian to step onto the hile vehicle is in motion, with fast moving traffic. other traffic.
though you ust leave for a
roadway. hen passing you are prohibited from using
0
 For All Drivers

Following too close Poor lane discipline and cyclists the same rights the overtaking manoeuvre Let heavy vehicles pass
Following too close to the The rules are simple, but and courtesy as any other farther back to see that the To conserve fuel, heavy
vehicle in front is a ma or widely ignored. tay in your drivers. road is clear, pass quickly and vehicle drivers tend to
cause of accidents. hen lane. Donʼt drive over the wait until you can see the maintain a steady speed.
Bad manners This includes
driving, keep a suitable clear centre line, drift from side to front of the vehicle in your They need more braking time
a host of misbehaviour
distance between you and the side, ig ag through traffic, rear-view mirror before and accelerate more slowly
cursing, obscene gestures,
vehicle in front (see page bully your way into another returning to the same lane. If it than cars, and they usually go
use of the horn unnecessarily,
topping Distanceʼ). lane or stay unnecessarily in is raining, be extremely faster downhill and slower
playing loud music, refusing to
the fast lane. hen changing cautious. The water spray uphill. any drivers donʼt like
Unsafe overtaking eep merge, littering (including
lanes, remember Think, ook, from long heavy vehicles can to follow them and sometimes
left unless overtaking. Do not cigarette butts) and any other
ignal, ook againʼ. Even with impair your view. speed up when the heavy
overtake unless it is safe to act of rudeness or selfishness
your mirrors, there are blind vehicle tries to pass. The
do so indicate your intention that may annoy others. little Not drive too close
spots which they cannot result is often 20 tonnes of
during the manoeuvre and more courtesy and If you drive too close to the
cover, so it is important to heavy vehicle riding your
observe other traffic both consideration by all of us vehicle in front, the driver in
take a quick glance over your bumper definitely not a
behind and ahead of you. could make driving safer and front may not see your vehicle
shoulder for a final check. good situation and should be
The manoeuvre should be more pleasurable. and you also canʼt see any of
avoided.
done quickly but smoothly. Failure to give way If there the road ahead and anticipate
Ignorance ake sure you
hen being overtaken, is no give way sign, the rules any potential ha ards. In bad Not travel in the long
fully understand and comply
do not increase your speed, of the road dictate that cars weather, vehicle spray vehicleʼs blind spot
with all traffic laws, signs and
but be prepared to slow down entering from the minor road reduces visibility as well. longside a long vehicle, ust
markings.
if necessary. Overtake only on or access should give way to behind its doors, is another
Be aware of air turbulence
the right side of the other those already on the ma or blind spot. Donʼt hang around
Be cautious of long/heavy hen passing, being
vehicle. road, and cars making a right- there. The driver of the long
vehicles passed or meeting long heavy
turn must give way to vehicle may not be able to see
Failure to use direction vehicles, be aware that they
oncoming traffic. It is an Donʼt brake abruptly or cut you when making a lane
indicators ccidents can push a large volume of air, like
offence not to pull over for an suddenly in front of vehicles, change. If you can, always
be prevented if other drivers the bow of a ship, causing air
emergency vehicle with its particularly heavy vehicles. allow long vehicles enough
know your intentions to turbulence, particularly
lights flashing or siren on. eavy vehicles need almost room to change lanes.
change direction. Therefore, affecting small vehicles, motor
Failure to give right-of-way 0 percent more distance
use the direction indicators in cycles and cycles.
immediately can endanger than cars to stop. lways
good time before changing
you, your passengers and the leave a lot more distance Allow long vehicles room
direction whether to turn,
people the emergency vehicle between your car and a to turn ong vehicles
change lanes or overtake and
is carrying or trying to reach. tractor-trailer. You should: require a wide turning area.
observe traffic both ahead
In addition, drivers should These vehicles need extra
and behind before the actual Pass with care It takes
always show consideration to road space before making
manoeuvre. Remember to longer to overtake a long
pedestrians, even if they are their turns. atch out for
turn off the direction indicators vehicle, so allow yourself more
aywalking give motorcyclists signals and give them room.
after the manoeuvre. room and time to pass. tart
1
 For All Drivers

U-turns Use of horn Reversing ive way to other traffic and Dangerous and careless
to pedestrians when reversing. driving
ou must not carry out a ou must not use your horn efore you reverse, make sure
U-turn or turn your vehicle unless as a warning of danger that there are no pedestrians Do not rely on white reversing ou must not drive in a
around on a road, unless to other road users. ever use particularly children and lights or reversing alarms to manner that creates an
you can do so without it as a rebuke or when the elderly people behind your alert other road users that you obvious and serious risk of
endangering or obstructing traffic is temporarily stopped vehicle. Pay particular are reversing or about to causing death or in ury to
other road users. without danger. attention to blind spotsʼ reverse. pedestrian may not any person or causing
behind you that is, the parts see the light or hear the alarm. serious damage to property
U-turn may be banned at
of the road which cannot be lways look and listen. Only
some unctions or along some ou will be regarded as
seen from the driving seat. reverse if you can do so safely
length of road. o U-turnʼ driving dangerously if
If there is any doubt, get out, and without making other
signs (and may be with
or ask a passenger to check, road users change speed or the way you drive falls far
supplementary plates nos. 61
to make sure. direction. below what would be
or 62 on page 113) will
indicate this. Reversing ideo Device s a safety practice, you may expected of a competent
(R D) can help you observe also turn on the ha ard and careful driver and
the back when you are warning lights when parking it would be obvious to a
reversing vehicle or about to or reversing. competent and careful
do so. In low light conditions, driver that driving in that
Regulatory sign marks the you should switch on the way would be dangerous.
beginning of a ilent oneʼ auxiliary illumination when
using R D. ny dirt or rain ou must drive with due
ou must not sound your horn care and attention and with
drops on the camera may
in a ilent oneʼ. n End reasonable consideration for
affect the image quality.
sign marks the end of a ilent other road users and your
oneʼ. ilent onesʼ are If you cannot see clearly passengers. Otherwise, you
usually found near hospitals. behind or if you drive a large may be regarded as driving
Time plateʼ may show the vehicle, get someone to guide carelessly.
Regulatory sign o U-turn period of its operation. you when you reverse. ou
must not reverse unless it can The rules and advice in this
Headlamp flashing be done safely and you must chapter will help you drive
Use your mirrors often so
also not reverse for an safely and with consideration
that you know what is behind The flashing of headlamps
unreasonable distance or for others.
you. has only one meaning like
time. ever reverse from a
sounding your horn, it lets
side road into a main road.
other road users know you
are there. Do not flash
headlamps for any other
reason.
52
 For All Drivers

Police signs Switch off engines of

idling vehicles
llowing idling vehicles to
run their engines causes air
pollution, heat and noise
nuisances and fuel wastage.
It is an offence for a driver to
allow the engine to operate
for more than three minutes
in aggregate within any
Temporary informatory sign continuous 60 minutes while
be prepared to stop if the vehicle is stationary,
signalled to do so by a police unless an exemption applies.
Temporary regulatory sign officer or if indicated by a In general, exemptions are
you must stop before the traffic sign. provided to drivers stopping
sign. due to traffic conditions or
In an emergency, or for other Temporary regulatory sign for boarding alighting
purposes, the police may you must slow down to a passengers, and also to
erect temporary signs and speed, slower than normal, drivers of certain classes of
barriers. In addition to the at which you can stop vehicle to meet their
temporary police signs quickly and safely. operational needs, etc.
shown, other traffic signs
and flashing blue and amber Further details of the
lights may be used to warn restrictions and exemptions
and guide you. may be obtained from the
Environmental Protection
Department or its website
(see Further Reference
aterialsʼ).

53
 For All Drivers
Stopping Distance
Shortest stopping distance in metres On a dry road, an alert driver
with a car equipped with good
Thinking distance braking distance stopping distance brakes and tyres driving at
speeds shown on the left, can
40km/h stop in the distances shown
10m 10m 20m
vehicle speed on the right. These are the
shortest stopping distances.
Thinking distance braking distance stopping distance
The stopping distance is the
60km/h thinking distance plus the
1 m 20m 3 m braking distance.
vehicle speed

Thinking distance braking distance stopping distance Thinking distance

80km/h the distance the vehicle
20m 0m 60m
vehicle speed travels after the driver has
seen the danger and before
the brakes are on.
n average double-decker bus is about 12 metres long. Compare the distances shown with a line of buses
Thinking distance increases
greatly for drivers suffering
from slow reactions,
tiredness, illness or lack of
concentration.
Wet roads – double braking distance

raking distance
the distance the vehicle
travels after the brakes have
been put on before stopping.
raking distance increases
greatly with wet and slippery
roads, poor brakes or tyres.

54
 For All Drivers
How Fast
ou must obey the speed How big should a gap be? reasonable and practical rule Two-second rule simple aid to udging the
limits for the road and for your to apply in good conditions is distance of a two-second
eave a big enough gap
vehicle. speed limit is the a two-second time gap time gap and one which
between you and the vehicle
maximum speed allowed. more if you are driving a heavy can be practised by driver or
in front big enough for you
It does not mean that it is vehicle. passenger (e.g. car in the
to stop safely if the vehicle
safe to drive at that speed diagram) is to select an
suddenly slows down or ote: km h means
always take into account all easily identifiable mark on the
stops. kilometres per hour.
the conditions prevailing at the road or roadside ahead and
time. Continuously try to anticipate B as the vehicle in front passes
the situation on the road it (e.g. car in front ust
ever drive so fast that you
ahead and leave yourself passes a roadside sign), say
cannot stop well within the
room to work room to the phrase one thousand
distance which you can see
recognise a developing one, one thousand twoʼ at a
as being clear. o much more
situation and to act. normal speaking rate, which
slowly if the road is wet or if
there is fog or mist. Do not If you have to take panic should take about two
brake sharply except in an action because you have seconds.
emergency. insufficient room to act If the driver in the ʼ car
smoothly, you are either going reaches the traffic sign before
too fast or driving too close to judge the finishing saying the phrase,
the vehicle in front. 2-second the driver ʼ is too close to
On wet roads, or if your tyres, time gap the ʼ car in front (less than
brakes, or even your health, the two-second time gap).
are below par, the gap should In bad conditions, double the
The maximum speed on all be much bigger than normal. count to four seconds, or
roads is 0km h unless nd when a vehicle overtakes even more.
speed limitʼ signs show you and moves into the gap
otherwise. ahead, drop back to regain
A
your safe gap.
The safe rule is to leave your
stopping distance between
your vehicle and the one in
front. On roads with faster
traffic it becomes much more
ariable speed limit signs important to keep a safe gap.
our stopping distance is still
the only really safe gap but a
55
 For All Drivers
Overtaking
Do not overtake unless you If the vehicle you are Overtaking a large vehicle
are sure you can do so overtaking increases speed,
without causing danger to drop back if necessary and
others as well as yourself. return to your normal lane
efore you start to overtake, behind it. Ensure that the road
make sure the road is clear far behind is still clear by using
enough ahead and behind. your mirrors.
Use your mirrors and signal small large
On a normal two-lane road, blind spot blind spot
before you start to move out.
give way to vehicles coming
e particularly careful at dusk,
towards you before you pass
at dawn, in the dark and in
parked vehicles or other
mist, when it is more difficult
obstructions on the left-hand
to udge speed and distance.
side of the road.
On faster roads, vehicles may
Do not increase your speed
be approaching much more
while being overtaken. low
signal quickly than you think. ake
down, if necessary, to let the
left sure that the road is clear for
overtaking vehicle pass.
a long way ahead.
Once you have started to
overtake, move quickly past
the vehicle you are overtaking
A
and leave it plenty of room.
Then move back to the left
side of the road as soon as
you can, but without cutting
in.
B
Overtaking only on the
right.
signal
right
etting too close behind a large vehicle makes it impossible
to see far enough ahead. The ʼ car is too close. The driver
of the ʼ car, who is keeping much farther back, has a much
better view.

6
 For All Drivers

Overtaking on dual You must not overtake You should not overtake You may overtake/pass on the left
carriageways
here you cannot see far hen the driver in front hen traffic is moving
Overtake only on the right. enough ahead to be sure gives a right-turn signal slowly in queues, and
ever move to a lane on the that it is safe to do so, for and you may overtake that vehicles in a lane on the
left to overtake. ou must not example, when at or vehicle on the left without right are moving more
use a hard shoulder for coming to a corner or a getting in the way of slowly than you are, you
overtaking. bend or the brow of a hill. others and without may pass on the left.
Do not overtake unless it is entering a bus lane during
here you might come hen traffic is moving
safe for yourself and others. its period of operation.
into conflict with other slowly in queues, you may
any accidents on dual road users, for example, hen you want to turn left move to a lane on your left
carriageways are rear-end at a unction, where the at a unction, you may only in order to turn left or
collisions. efore you start to road narrows or on the pass on the left. to park. Do not change
overtake, make sure that the ign marking the beginning
approach to a pedestrian lanes to the left in order to
lane you will be oining is clear of o overtakingʼ On one-way road (but not
crossing. overtake.
far enough ahead and behind. dual carriageway), you
ou must not overtake
Traffic may be coming up from here it would involve may pass on either side.
behind much more quickly If you have to cross or driving over an area
here there are double
than you think. ignal before drive on double white marked with hatched
white lines along the road
you move out. e particularly lines, with the solid line white lines.
between you and the lane
careful at dusk, in the dark nearer to you.
On the approach to a on the right, and both
and in fog or mist, when it is If you are within the ig ag tram stop. traffic streams are moving
more difficult to udge speed area of a ebraʼ crossing. in the same direction, you
and distance. hen to do so would
may pass on the left.
fter a o overtakingʼ force another vehicle to
et back to the left most lane sign and until the end of swerve or slow down. hen using marked traffic
as soon as possible after the ban. lanes, you may pass a
overtaking, but do not cut in hen to do so would
tram on the left, unless the
right in front of the vehicle you force a pedestrian
tram is stationary at a tram
have ust overtaken. eave crossing the road to stop
stop where there is no
plenty of room. or run.
tram stop island.
Overtaking on expressways If in doubt – do not
overtake.
On expressways, it is an
offence to overtake on the left
(see page 71).

7
 For All Drivers
Pedestrians
Tram stops On the roadway Pedestrian priority zone

Beware of pedestrians hen entering or emerging arning sign pedestrians on

from a place facing the road, or crossing road ahead Regulatory sign pedestrian
Drivers have the legal and
wherever possible use proper priority one
moral responsibility to
driveways and avoid reversing On roads with no or very
take proper care to avoid
onto the road. ive way to narrow pavements or ou must give way to
accidents with pedestrians hen approaching a tram
pedestrians. footpaths, pedestrians, pedestrians on the roadway
at all times and places island, look out for
perhaps with children, may in a Pedestrian priorityʼ one.
even if the pedestrians are pedestrians crossing to or
Crossing the road be walking on the roadway or The traffic sign marks the
aywalking. lways give way from the island. ome may be
crossing ahead. e on the beginning of the one and
to pedestrians on the unctions are a common looking for oncoming traffic
look-out and keep your speed an Endʼ plate is added to
roadway. place for pedestrians to cross and not for traffic from your down and be prepared to indicate end of the one.
the road, particularly across a direction. If a tram has stop. ive pedestrians
Drive carefully and slowly
side road where it oins a main stopped, look out for walking on the roadway plenty
Drive carefully to give way
when pedestrians are around
road. pedestrians who may appear to pedestrians, pedestrians
particularly in crowded streets, of room.
from behind the tram. with handcarts or trolleys,
or when you see a bus stop, ive way to pedestrians ook out for pedestrians processions or other
or are near a stall. ook out for crossing the road into which If there is no tram island you
forced to walk on the roadway marching groups on the road.
pedestrians entering the road you are turning. must stop behind the yellow
when a pavement or footpath ive them plenty of room
suddenly, for example, from topʼ line (see page 127)
hen approaching a ma or is closed or blocked by road and keep your speed down.
behind parked or stopped and give way to pedestrians
road, give way to pedestrians crossing to or from the tram. works. If there is insufficient room to
vehicles. In particular, when
crossing or waiting to cross. pass, slow down or stop until
you are driving a relatively ait until there are no more
the pedestrians move away
quiet vehicle (e.g. an electric ook out for pedestrians passengers getting on or off
and it is safe to do so.
hybrid vehicle), pedestrians crossing the road in front of or the tram and look out for
may not notice that you are from behind parked vehicles. people hurrying to catch
approaching. the tram.
8
 For All Drivers

Disabled pedestrians Child pedestrians Drive slowly near schools or School crossing patrols Safety of pedestrians
children s playgrounds and
look out for children crossing Pedestrians are not ust
the road, or getting on or off trafficʼ they are people.
buses. Their movements are
unpredictable, and the
Do not park or wait at or younger they are the faster
near school or playground they are likely to move or
entrance or exit, particularly change direction. Children,
when children are leaving or the elderly, the visually
arriving. impaired and the disabled all
Parked vehicles and vehicles need your special attention.
arning sign disabled
reversing or moving off create The rules and advice in this
persons ahead chool crossing patrol sign
risks for children. If taking a chapter often refer to or take
ook out for disabled child from school, park in a you must stop at the sign
into consideration the safety
pedestrians who may have safe place a little way from the (see page 1 ).
of pedestrians. ooking out
mobility, visual or hearing school and then walk to the ou must stop when and making allowances for
impairment and give them school entrance. Do not stop signalled to do so by a pedestrians is a continuous
plenty of time to cross the or wait on the opposite side of school crossing patrol task for a driver, particularly
road. the road to the school showing a hand-held topʼ when driving along urban
entrance since the child may sign. ive way to roads, near unctions,
Elderly pedestrians become excited to see you pedestrians who are still pedestrian crossings, bus
arning sign children going
and run onto the road without crossing even if the patrol stops or road works, in poor
s people grow older, their to and from school ahead
following the Road Crossing allows vehicles to move. weather or at night.
reaction time become
Children cannot udge speed Code. Pedestrians other than
longer and the likelihood of The safety of pedestrians is
very well and young children school children may use a
inattention increases together also important when you
also have difficulty in school crossing patrol.
with a general physical or stop or park your vehicle.
concentrating on and
mental deterioration. dvance warning of some
understanding the dangers of
The elderly may not udge school crossing patrols may
the road. mall children are
speed very well or notice be given by the children
also more easily hidden by
approaching traffic and ahead warning sign. twin
parked vehicles, roadside
may step onto the road flashing amber light below
ob ects or other pedestrians.
unexpectedly. ive them the sign warns you that a
Children may step or run onto
plenty of time to cross the patrol is operating ahead.
the road unexpectedly.
road.
 For All Drivers
Cyclists
ook out for cyclists and If you are driving a high-sided using a cycleway or bus lane). Child cyclists Cycle routes may cross
make allowance for the vehicle, slow down to pass Do not overtake a cycle normal roadway, particularly at
Children on cycles, and others
differences between your and give extra room to before turning left. Instead, unctions. ook out for cyclists
learning to ride, need plenty of
vehicle and theirs. If you are cyclists to avoid unbalancing follow the cycle and then entering the main roadway
room. ive them a wide berth
driving behind a cyclist, be them with the air turbulence make the turn behind it. from a cycleway or cycle lane
when you are passing and
patient and do not attempt behind your vehicle. Cyclists (see pages 38 and 3 for
efore opening your door, always be ready in case they
to overtake until there is may also be affected by more information on the traffic
always look back to check wobble or change direction
sufficient room to do so cross-winds. signs and road markings that
that no approaching traffic, suddenly.
without forcing the cyclist to mark cycleways or cycle
Cyclists may ride in the especially motorcyclists
move towards the kerbside. lanes).
centre of the lane, especially or cyclists, would be
The younger they are, the
when on a narrow road or endangered. Ensure that your
more closely you should Motorcyclists
approaching a unction. passengers do the same.
watch out for them, and be
atch out and be patient with There are many situations in
ready to slow down or stop.
them. which a two-wheeled vehicle
Cyclists looking over their
shoulder or glancing around is In headwinds or in wet is less stable than other
a sign to you that they may be weather, cyclists tend to vehicles, so leave plenty of
going to move out or turn. keep their heads down. room, especially for riders on
This creates risk be alert for less powerful machines.
Cyclists have the same rights
it and for the danger of s with cyclists, be on the
to consideration as other arning sign Cycleway
cyclists skidding (side- look-out for motorcyclists
road users and they are more ahead (cyclists on or crossing
slipping) on smooth wet who may move up on your
vulnerable. Drivers (especially road ahead)
surfaces. left when you are preparing
of large long vehicles or of
vehicles towing trailers) should Cyclists going uphill or Cycleways or cycle lanes or waiting to turn left.
hen you are turning into or
take extra care when in the carrying bulky loads, or who eep a special look-out at
waiting to enter a main road, Cycleways or cycle lanes are
vicinity of cyclists slow down are young or inexperienced unctions for motorcyclists.
look out not only for vehicles indicated by traffic signs and
and leave plenty of room for may move unexpectedly. otor cycles are much less
but also for cycles which may road markings. ll road users
cyclists. low down and leave extra easy to be seen than other
not be as noticeable. It is except cyclists must not enter
room for them. vehicles, but may be going
Cyclists may make sudden because your view of a cyclist a cycleway or cycle lane.
sideways movements due to hen you are going to turn head-on is much narrower ust as fast.
road conditions, such as road left, and especially if you have than your view of a motor
debris, oil or surface damage to wait at the corner, look out vehicle.
give them as much room as for cyclists who may have
you could when passing any moved up between you and
cyclists. the roadside kerb. ook out
for them (or who may be
60
 For All Drivers
Other Road Users
Public transport the rear and to the left of their limited view, the driver of the Vehicle markings Animals
vehicles. large vehicle may not be able
Try to give way to buses and
to see you the vehicle on
public light buses waiting to hen turning at unctions,
the left and to the rear on the
move out from stops or large vehicles may need more arking on the rear of a
left. ou should look out for
stands if you can do so safely. room to manoeuvre and may medium or heavy goods
the vehicle turning or
not be able to adhere to the vehicle or its trailer,
Do not drive on tram only lane changing lanes. If you get so
advice given in this chapter. total length not longer than
(see page 127 for the road close, you may not even see
large vehicle may move to 13 metres
marking). Try to give way the driver s warning signals.
the right first when turning left,
to trams, particularly at
and sometimes it may even t all times give large vehicles
unctions. ive trams plenty of
move into the ad acent right plenty of room to manoeuvre
room they cannot change
lane or use the full width of and be ready to stop. Do
direction to avoid you.
the roadway. not overtake on the left
particularly at unctions
Taxis and public light hen turning, the rear end of arking on the rear of a
including the approach and
buses a long vehicle or trailer may goods vehicle, or its trailer,
exit or when the vehicle is
swing into your path the rear total length longer than 13
In the urban areas, taxis slowing down the driver may
end may swing out to the left metres
and public light buses make be slowing down to turn left
if the vehicle is turning right.
up a large part of the traffic. across your path. The larger The above markings may
The rear of the vehicle may
They have to pick up or set and longer the vehicle, the vary slightly in position or
not follow the same path as
down passengers frequently, greater the ha ards. shape.
the front of the vehicle. eep
therefore they may stop
clear of large vehicles when In urban areas access by
suddenly or cut across traffic Emergency vehicles o slowly when you see
they are turning. large vehicles may be made
lanes. ou should allow room animals on the road or
difficult or impossible by ou must give way and take
for a taxi or public light bus to Drivers of large vehicles may roadside ahead. ive them
parked or stopped vehicles. all possible actions to make
move or stop unexpectedly, find it difficult to cross or turn plenty of room and be ready
Park your vehicle at a suitable way for the passage of
without having to brake right onto a dual carriageway to stop if necessary. Do not
parking place so as not to emergency vehicles,
suddenly yourself. without stopping in the gap in frighten them by sounding
obstruct the passage of all including police vehicle, fire
the central reservation. If a your horn or revving up your
types of vehicles. services vehicle, ambulance
Large vehicles long vehicle has to stop in a engine. ou must stop if
gap that is too short, part of or customs and excise requested to do so by a
arge vehicles, especially if service vehicle, which are
the vehicle will block wholly or person in charge of the
they are long or articulated, sounding sirens or
partly some of the traffic lanes animals.
cannot always keep within displaying flashing beacon.
of the dual carriageway.
traffic lanes when turning. our proper actions can
The drivers of large vehicles If you are at the rear left of a help save the lives of those
also have a restricted view to large vehicle, because of the in emergency need.
61
 For All Drivers
White Lines and Traffic Lanes
Along the road Two-way roads Traffic lanes a ard markers these small Hazard warning area
discs or rectangular markers
eep between the traffic lane
(see signs 6 to 67 on page
lines the short broken white
118) are found on roadside
lines which divide the road
ob ects or special posts to
into lanes. eep in the left
indicate the edge of the road
most lane unless you are
or an obstruction near the
overtaking, turning right or
edge. Red markers are used
passing parked vehicles.
on the left edge of a road
The warning line may replace white markers are used on
the normal lane line the right edge of a single
or centre line near a ha ard. carriageway and amber
markers are used on the right
If there is a traffic island with a Do not change lanes unless
edge of the central reservation
eep leftʼ sign in the middle it is safe to do so.
of a dual carriageway.
of the road, pass to the left of
Do not move unnecessarily
the island. ou must not drive
from lane to lane. If you need Reflecting road studs
to the right.
to move to another lane, first
Road studs delineate the
single broken line in the look to see that it is safe to do
edges of a carriageway or the
middle of the road, with short so, remembering to use the
division of traffic lanes. These
markings and long gaps, is mirrors. If it is safe to move
help drivers at night or in poor
a centre line. ou should over, signal before doing so.
visibility.
normally drive to the left of ake sure this will not force
this line except when other drivers to swerve or hite studs mark the lane
overtaking. slow down. lines and the centre of a road.
Red studs mark the left edge
single broken line on the In a traffic hold-up or in slow
of a carriageway. mber studs
road with long markings and moving traffic, do not try to
mark the right edge of
short gaps, is a warning line. ump the queue by cutting
a carriageway ad acent to the
This is to give warning of a into another lane or by
central reservation. reen
ha ard ahead. Do not cross it overtaking the vehicles waiting
studs indicate the edge of
unless you can see the road in front of you. n area formed by warning
the carriageway at a road
ahead is clear. Drive with lines and hatched marking. It
Traffic Centre Warning unction, lay-by or passing
particular care. Along the edge of the road is there to separate traffic
lane line line place.
line Edge lines on some roads, streams liable to be a danger
solid or broken white lines are to one another or to protect
The longer the marking, the traffic turning right. Do not
marked on the edge of the
greater the ha ard. drive over or enter the area.
roadway.
62
 For All Drivers
Double White Lines
Double whiteʼ lines are used to separate traffic travelling in Except where Double whiteʼ
opposite directions where your view of the road is limited. lines are used to separate
traffic travelling in the same
direction, you may cross
Double whiteʼ lines to make
a right-turn into or out of any
road, premises or place
ad acent to the carriageway.
ou should not stop not
even if the broken line is on
your side. If there is no
convenient lay-by, you may,
however, stop briefly to load
or unload goods or
passengers.
ou may cross Double whiteʼ
lines to avoid an accident, or
to conform with a direction
given by a police officer, traffic
warden, traffic sign or road
marking.

Double whiteʼ lines are also

used to control lane
changing. If the Double
whiteʼ lines are used to
warning arrow marked on If the line nearer to you is ometimes to increase the If the line nearer to you is separate traffic travelling in
the road will give you time to solid, you must not cross or separation of opposing broken, you may cross or the same direction and the
get over to the leftʼ before drive on the lines. streams of traffic, the gap drive on the lines, but only if line nearer to you is solid,
the Double whiteʼ lines between the solid lines is it is safe to do so. you must not cross or drive
begin. widened with hatched on them, even though you
ou may cross the lines to
markings. ou must not drive are going to make a right-
overtake if you can do so
on the lines or enter the turn into or out of any road,
before reaching a solid white
hatched area. premises or place ad acent
line on your side.
to the carriageway.

63
 For All Drivers
Light Rail Lanes
light rail lane which operates at all times is indicated by signs and markings.

LRV Platform

R I O ʼ lane markings ox marking prohibits eep rightʼ Warning sign ight rail vehicles only sign ight rail stop marking
and the thick solid white line vehicles stopping on it. bollard directs indicates light indicates the start of a light rail
mark the R I O ʼ area. ou must not enter the box other traffic rail vehicles in lane. Other vehicles and
unless the exit is clear. not to enter the road pedestrians must not enter
the R I ahead. the R I O area.
O lane.

6
 For All Drivers
Bus Lanes
typical bus lane is indicated by signs and markings.
It is operated for the period as shown and can be used
exclusively for all buses, including franchised and non-
franchised.

arning sign us lane Regulatory sign marks the Road marking marks the igns warn side road traffic of End of bus lane sign and
ahead in advance of a bus beginning of a bus lane and opening of a bus lane for a bus lane in the main road road marking indicate the
lane will give you time to specifies the period of its turning traffic at a unction. ahead. end of a bus lane and that
move to an open traffic lane. operation. the lane is open to all traffic.
ou may move across the bus
There are two types of bus Outside its period of operation lane to turn left at the unction
lanes. For bus lanes that a bus lane may be used by all ahead.
are exclusively used by vehicles.
franchised buses, the signs
thick solid white line on the
are marked with a bus
road marks the edge of a bus
symbol. For bus lanes that
lane.
are open to all buses,
including non-franchised
buses, the signs are marked
with the word usʼ.

6
 For All Drivers
One-Way Roads
Traffic on one-way roads ane discipline on a one-way Contra-flow bus lane
flows in one direction only. road is important. elect the
The One-way trafficʼ sign lane which will lead to your us lanes sometimes
indicates the direction of the destination, using either lane operate on one-way roads.
permitted traffic flow. ou markings or direction signs for Information on bus lanes
must not drive in the opposite information, then stay in it. can be found on the page
direction. The sign can be eep to the left most lane if before.
found at the entry to a one- you are turning to the left Contra-flow bus lanes are
way road and at intervals the right most lane if you are lanes that operate on one-
along a one-way road. turning to the right. If you are way roads in the opposite
going straight, be guided by direction to the normal traffic
o entryʼ signs are generally
road markings. hen the One-way traffic sign drive If there is a traffic island with a flow.
erected at exit of a one-way
road is not wide enough for a in the direction indicated. Pass either sideʼ sign, there is
road to prohibit all vehicles
middle lane, you may choose no need to change lanes as
from entering.
the left or right of the road. the traffic lanes on both sides
It is not always easy to tell if of the island will meet along
aving made your choice of
you are about to enter or are the same route.
lane, get into it as soon as
on a one-way road, and
you can do so safely and stay ide roads leading off a one-
perhaps your view of the
in it, but look out for other way road may also be one- Contra-flow bus lane
sign is blocked by a parked
drivers who may change lanes way. ou should expect traffic (franchised buses) sign do
vehicle. ook at the vehicles
suddenly. Traffic may overtake to oin the road from either not drive onto the bus lane
parked in the street. On a
on either side on a one-way side, and if you are intending on the opposite side of the
one-way road they will all be
road. to turn off down a side road, road at any time.
facing one way. ehicles are
normally parked facing the look well ahead to check that
same direction as the traffic entry to it is actually allowed.
flow. ometimes lane o entryʼ sign no entry for
indication arrows may guide all vehicles, do not drive past
you. this sign.

ign placing at the beginning

of a contra-flow bus lane
(franchised buses) o
entry of motor vehicles
except franchised buses.
66
 For All Drivers
Narrow Roads, Steep Hills
Narrow roads Steep hills

ign marking a passing place arning sign the road arning sign a steep uphill
on a narrow or winding road ahead narrows on both sides section of road ahead
ome roads (often called The ratio shows the gradient,
single track roads) are only the higher the ratio, the
wide enough for vehicles to steeper the slope. For
move in one direction at a example, a 1: slope
time. They may have special (or 20 ) is steeper than a
passing places along the 1:10 slope (or 10 ).
road. hen you see a vehicle arning sign a steep
downhill section of road hen driving downhill, for
coming towards you, or
ahead, with advice on other than a short distance,
the driver behind wants to
selecting a low gear do not rely solely on your
overtake, and a nearby
footbrake to slow down the
passing place is on your side
vehicle. To maintain control,
(left side), pull in if it is on the arning sign the road
select and stay in a low gear
other side (right side), wait ahead narrows on the left side
and ad ust speed with light
opposite it. ive way to
These warning signs are also pressure on the footbrake.
vehicles coming uphill
used as temporary signs at
whenever possible. Do not (For advice on parking on
road works when the normal
park in passing places. hills, see page .)
road width is reduced.

ehicle waiting in a passing

place to allow passage of
oncoming vehicle or following
vehicle to pass.

67
 For All Drivers
Dual Carriageways

signal right signal left signal left

dual carriageway, or Even if you missed your On a three-lane carriageway The right lane is intended for Dual carriageway ahead
divided highway, is a road turning at a unction or have the normal eep to the left overtaking only. If you use it,
with a dividing strip between taken the wrong route you rule still applies. ou may, move back to the middle lane
opposing traffic flows. The must carry on until you reach however, stay in the middle and then into the left lane as
dividing strip is called the the next unction. lane when there are slower soon as you can, but without
central reservation. vehicles in the left lane, but cutting in.
On a two-lane carriageway,
you should return to the left
ou must not reverse or turn drive in the left lane except t some unctions, the right
lane after passing them. Do
on a dual carriageway, cross when overtaking. most lane may be used by sign can usually be seen
not stay in the middle lane
the central reservation, or right-turning traffic or exit to in advance of a dual
unnecessarily.
drive against the traffic. specific destinations. ook carriageway. dual
out for direction signs, carriageway may cross the
destination road markings road you are on or your road
or lane indication arrows and may become a dual
choose the correct lane for carriageway.
your route in approaching
unctions.

68
 For All Drivers
Roads with Faster Traffic
Traffic usually travels faster eeping your distance Speed limit
on dual carriageways and from the vehicle in front is
on some rural roads than important to allow yourself The speed limit for all roads
on ordinary roads and you time to react if any is 0 km h unless signed
will need to assess traffic unexpected happens or in an otherwise. On roads with
situations more quickly. emergency. If you follow close faster traffic, the speed limit
Using your mirrors and to vehicle in front, you may may be 70 km h, 80 km h,
concentrating all the time are not be able to stop or move to 100 km h or 110 km h.
even more important where other lane in time to avoid a peed limit signs will be put
traffic is faster. possible collision when it up to mark the beginning of a
slows down or stops change of speed limit and will
In good visibility and weather be repeated along the road.
suddenly.
conditions, drive at a steady 0 km h speed limit sign
cruising speed within the Use the Two-second rule will mark the end of the
limits for the road and for your leave at least a two-second higher speed limit.
vehicle. ou must not break time gap between you and
the speed limit for the road the vehicle in front. hen you are about to leave
or for your vehicle. On wet a road with faster traffic,
( ee page for more Regulatory signs showing the
roads, or in fog or high winds, ad ust your driving to suit the
information on the Two- speed limit for the road in
keep your speed down. new conditions. our speed
secondʼ rule.) kilometres per hour
will be higher than you think
ooking well ahead will give 70 km h on an open wide
you more information on traffic The Reduce speed nowʼ
road may feel like 0 km h plate is usually used with
situation as well as more time so be sure to check your
to react to it. some warning signs on roads
speedometer. with faster traffic.
Do not walk on the
carriageway. In an emergency, ou need to start slowing
be particularly careful to keep down to a slow speed, or a
children off the carriageway, speed lower than normal, so
including the hard shoulder. as to drive safely through the
ou must turn on the ha ard ha ard ahead.
warning lights if your vehicle is
stationary on an expressway
or a road with speed limit arning sign speed limit
exceeding 0 km h because lowered to 0 km h ahead
of breakdown or emergency.
ee Chapter 10 for advice on
breakdowns and emergencies.
6
 For All Drivers
Expressways and Trunk Roads

Notes: For the latest list of expressways, see ʻFurther Reference Materialsʼ.
70
 For All Drivers

Trunk roads are busy roads Tuen Mun Road Part of the Hong Kong- Under the Road Traffic ou must not drive on the
which link up areas and ( ong Chu Road to Zhuhai-Macao Bridge - (Expressway) Regulations, hard shoulder, verge or
districts. ome trunk roads Tsuen an Road) Hong Kong Link Road there are special driving rules central reservation of an
are designated as (excluding cenic ill to enhance road safety and expressway except during
Tsing Long Highway
expressways. Tunnel)(This expressway is maintain smooth traffic flow traffic diversion, breakdown
(excluding Tai am Tunnel)
a right-driving road you on expressways: or emergency. The
ll expressways and most
North Lantau Highway must fully understand and boundary of the hard
of the trunk roads are high eep to the left most lane
( antau Toll Pla a to comply with the relevant shoulder, verge or central
standard multi-lane dual of an expressway unless
Tung Chung Eastern legislation, rules and advice reservation is normally
carriageways with grade- you are heading for a right
Interchange) on right-driving road - ee indicated by a thick solid
separated interchanges and side exit or overtaking
Further Reference white line.
are designed to carry a high Lantau Link and Ma Wan another vehicle, and
aterials .)
volume of traffic at a higher Road overtake only on the right. ou must not U-turn or
speed. reverse your vehicle on an
Tai Po Tai Wo Road edium goods vehicles,
expressway.
The following roads are (Tolo ighway to Po ga heavy goods vehicles and
presently designated as Road) buses are prohibited from ou must not stop or
expressways: using the right most lane of park your vehicle on any
Tsing Kwai Highway
an expressway where the part of an expressway
Sha Tin Road
Tsuen Wan Road carriageway has three or except for breakdown or
Sha Lek Highway and more traffic lanes available emergency, and in these
Tsing Sha Highway
Tateʼs Cairn Highway unless they are heading for situations, you must turn on
(Cheung Tsing ighway to
( ha Tin Road to a right side exit. oreover, the ha ard warning lights,
Eagleʼs est Tunnel
a On han Road) if you ride a motor cycle or and if possible drive off the
excluding am an Tunnel)
motor tricycle, or drive a carriageway and stop on
Tai Po Road – Sha Tin tart and continuation of an
West Kowloon Highway private car or light goods the verge or hard shoulder.
(Tolo ighway to expressway
vehicle on an expressway
o Che Estate) Island Eastern Corridor Cyclists and pedestrians
while holding a probationary
( ictoria Park Road to are prohibited from using
Tolo Highway driving licence for the
ing Tai Road) expressways. ire fences
corresponding vehicle
Fanling Highway are erected along the
Kwun Tong Bypass class, the same restriction
boundaries of expressway
San Tin Highway applies to you.
Kong Sham Western areas.
Yuen Long Highway Highway
( am Tei Interchange to
hap Pat eung
Interchange)

End of an expressway
71
 For All Drivers

ehicles driven by learner and alert. ou need to give In this chapter, you will find ooking well ahead to give oining and leaving a dual
drivers, public light buses, yourself bigger margins rules and advice that will help yourself more time to react carriageway or an
special purpose vehicles than on ordinary roads, you drive safely on page 6 . expressway at
and any vehicle with an such as more space expressways and trunk intersections pages 82
engine of cylinder capacity between your vehicle and Using headlamps if visibility
roads. and 83.
under 12 cc (or if the the one in front. is reduced page 87.
vehicles are solely propelled ome of the more important reakdowns and
• When driving on aintaining a safe gap
by an electric motor points are: emergencies pages 133
expressways and trunk page .
electric private car with a and 13 .
roads, your speed may be aking sure you are in
rated power less than 7 ane discipline and
higher than you think. ou good shape and your eeping left unless
kilowatts, and electric overtaking pages 6
may not only underestimate vehicle in good working overtaking page 71.
motor cycle or motor and 68.
the stopping distance for condition pages 1
tricycle with a rated power Overtaking only on the
your actual speed but also and 2.
less than 3 kilowatts) are right page 68.
easily exceed the speed
not allowed to use an
limit. lthough you may feel
expressway, unless prior
safe, you must not exceed Trunk roads and
written permission has
the speed limit for the road, expressways designated as
been obtained from the
or for your vehicle. There strategic routes are assigned
Commissioner for Transport.
may be hidden dangers. with route numbers and the
The rules advice below are exits along each route are
igher noise levels, also assigned with exit
also generally applicable to Exit number on a direction
particularly in wet weather, numbers. These route and
expressways and trunk roads: sign (the number shown in
may prevent other drivers exit numbers are shown on
ehicles tend to travel from hearing your horn. white on black)
direction signs to assist you
faster on expressways and Flashing your headlamps is in finding your way. full
trunk roads. The faster usually a better warning of description of the route
speeds on expressways your presence when numbering system for
and trunk roads mean that necessary. e alert for such strategic routes is provided
you need more time for a warning yourself. on pages 128 and 12 .
many driving actions. ou
Change lanes only when Route number on a direction
need more time to slow
there is a need and it is sign (the number shown in
down and stop. ou need
safe to do so. eep in the black on the yellow shield)
more time to change
middle of the lane you are
direction. ou should signal
using and do not let your
other road users your
vehicle wander from side to
intention as early as
side or into other lane.
possible. s with driving on
any road, you need to be fit
72
 For All Drivers
Tunnel Areas and Control Areas
Tunnel areas In a tunnel, you must not likely to be blocked. Autotoll

Use headlamps on main • Carry passenger on the

beam. outside of a vehicle or
seated so that any part of
Use a horn. utotoll lane
his her body hangs over
Drive less than 2 km h in sign displayed
the sides or rear of the utotoll lane
normal traffic. on top of a
vehicle. guide mark
traffic lane with
Cross or drive on Double top except in an autotoll booth.
whiteʼ lines. emergency (for example,
utotoll lane guide marks are
ake a U-turn. to avoid an accident),
Tunnel users must follow the painted at regular intervals
Reverse. or breakdown, or when you
rules set out in the concerned along traffic lanes leading to
are signalled to stop by a
tunnel ordinance(s), Push a vehicle either by autotoll booths. Only vehicles
police officer, tunnel officer,
regulation(s) and bylaw(s) hand or any other way. with valid tag may use autotoll
traffic sign, or flashing red
(refer to the relevant legislation Drive a vehicle without o vehicles carrying lanes.
light signal.
on page ). These rules enough fuel to pass specified dangerous goods
apply to tunnel areas or et out of your vehicle Control Areas
through the tunnel. Drive a vehicle carrying
tunnels, which generally except in an emergency or
Drive a bus, coach, to fetch help. dangerous goods listed as hen you enter a control area
include the tunnel tubes and Categories 1, 2 or goodsʼ (for example, Tsing a Control
medium heavy goods
the roads leading to or from Change tyre or wheel, under the Dangerous rea or Tsing ha Control
vehicle, or tow another
the tunnel tubes. Traffic signs vehicle other than in the refuel or repair your vehicle. oods ( pplication and rea), you must follow the rules
above mark the start and end left most lane (except llow an animal to enter the Exemption) Regulations set out in the concerned
of a tunnel area. Central - an Chai ypass tunnel other than in your (Cap. 2 ) without control area ordinance(s),
ou must obey all signals and Tunnel). vehicle. permission. regulation(s) and bylaw(s) (refer
directions given by police Drive a vehicle where your llow an animal to leave Enter or exit on foot except to the relevant legislation on
officers or tunnel officers. view to the front or sides is your vehicle. in an emergency. page ) and the instructions
given by authorised personnel
here there are two or more In gernal, all tunnels have two and special traffic arrangement Emergencies and in such area. igns below
lanes open to traffic through a tubes, one for each direction and temporary signs will be breakdowns show the start and end of a
tunnel, select the appropriate of travel. Under normal used to guide you. ou must control area.
lane you wish to approach conditions the tubes are one- not overtake or drive in the If your vehicle breaks down
and use in the tunnel. eep in way roads, the same as a right most lane since in such or you are involved in a traffic
lane through the tunnel, and dual carriageway. owever, circumstances it would be the accident inside a tunnel, stop
do not cross any Double if one tube is closed such as oncoming lane. and do not move your
whiteʼ lines, even if your lane during maintenance at night, vehicle. Refer to information
e prepared for any diversions and advice in Chapter 10
is temporarily blocked. the other open tube may
and the unexpected. (page 133).
implement two-way operation
73
 For All Drivers
Junctions
pproach unctions with Turning left Turning right
great care. Consider your
road position and your speed.
Drive on only when you are
sure it is safe to do so and
you will not block the unction.
ook out for long vehicles
turning left or right which may
have to use the whole width
of the road to make the turn.
hen waiting to enter a
unction, do not assume that a
vehicle coming from your right
which is signalling with its left
direction indicator will turn left.
ait to make sure.
Give way to pedestrians
crossing or waiting to Turning right from a narrow
cross the road at junctions. road

ook out for trams at ell before you turn right,

unctions. use your mirrors to make sure
you know the position and
movement of traffic behind
you. hen it is safe, give a
ell before you turn left, use right-turn signal and take up
your mirrors and give a left- the position ust left of the
turn signal. efore and after centre line or in the space
the turn keep as close to the marked for right-turn traffic.
left as safety and space will If you can, leave room for
allow. Do not swing out to the other vehicles to pass on the
right when making the turn. left. ait until there is a safe
ake sure a cyclist or a gap between you and any
oncoming vehicle. Then make right-turn lane formed with
motorcyclist is not coming
hatched markings to protect
from behind on your left. ook Turning right from a wide road the turn, but do not cut the
corner. the right-turn traffic
out for pedestrians suddenly
coming out from pavement.
7
 For All Drivers

hen turning right at a hen turning right at a

unction where there is also signalised unction with a
an oncoming vehicle turning right-turn pocket, you have
right, drive your vehicle so to give way to the oncoming
that you keep the oncoming traffic. hen the traffic light
vehicle to your left and pass for you is green, you may
in front of it (nearside-to- proceed from the right-turn
nearside) unless traffic signs lane and wait inside the
and road markings indicate pocket for a safe gap
otherwise or nearside-to- between you and any
nearside passing is oncoming vehicles. hen
impractical. waiting at the pocket, the
traffic signals no longer apply
efore conducting the turn,
to you. ou should udge an
find a safe gap in the
enough safe space for you to
oncoming traffic and look
pass and complete the turn if
out for oncoming traffic
it is safe to do so.
approaching from behind the
opposite right turning vehicle,
as your view may be blocked
by it.

Turning right Turning right (at a signalised unction with a right-turn pocket)
(nearside-to-nearside)

7
 For All Drivers

Junction ahead

ou must turn ou must go ou must go

left in this lane forward in this forward or turn dvance direction signs
lane right in this lane ( ocal destinations are shown
in black on white.)

hen coming to unctions, be

guided by any lane indication
arrows on the road or any
signs. Think about which arning sign the priority
route you want to take and through the unction is
get into the appropriate lane. Pointed direction sign at shown by the broader line.
ou must follow the direction Traffic sign showing traffic unction The symbol will vary for
given by the lane indication different unction layouts.
lanes for different movements
arrow for the lane in which at unction ahead arning of a unction ahead
you are driving after passing is often given by an advance
the transverse top lines or direction sign or a warning
ive way lines. Do not dvance direction sign sign. On main roads, ma or
change lanes suddenly or at showing the layout of the unctions have a rectangular-
the last moment. unction ahead the more shaped advance direction
important the road from the sign some way before the
unction, the thicker the line unction. ome of these
on the sign. signs show a simple map
of the unction layout. t the
unction, a pointed direction
sign marks the turn.
76
 For All Drivers

t some unctions, you may

not be allowed to turn into
or enter one of the roads.
Turn right only Illustrated at the left side are
some prohibitory signs
(circular with red border)
telling what you may not do.
There are also mandatory
signs (blue circular) and you
may only go in the direction
Turn left only shown.

head only

n advance direction sign

o left-turn showing o entryʼ at the
unction ahead.

o right-turn
ou must turn left at the
unction ahead.

77
 For All Drivers
Traffic Light Junctions
Do not go forward when Box junctions Tram and North-west railway
traffic lights are green unless (light rail) crossing box
you are sure there is room to junctions
clear the unction safely. ou
must not go forward under
red lights or when the red and
amber lights are showing
together.
here traffic lights show a
green arrow filter signal, do
not get into the lane where keep clear for
filtering is allowed unless you pedestrians
want to go in the direction
shown by the arrow.
ive way to pedestrians
crossing or look out for
pedestrians waiting to cross
the road into which you are
turning.
If traffic lights are not working,
slow down or even stop as
necessary, treat the unction
as a non-signalised unction ou must not enter the box if here a road unction is
and proceed through the the exit road or lane from it is crossed by tram tracks or light
unction with extreme caution. not clear. rail tracks and is marked with
the crossing box marking, you
hen you cannot go forward ou may however enter the
must not enter the box
you must wait behind the box from a right-turn lane
unction from any approach
topʼ line. marked with Turn right
lane, including a right-turn
arrows if you want to turn
(For the meaning of traffic light lane, unless the exit
right but are prevented from
signals and advice on what to is clear.
doing so by oncoming traffic
do, see pages 106, 107 and
or by other vehicles waiting to
108)
turn right.

78
 For All Drivers
Stop and Give Way Junctions

top sign and road markings Warning sign ive way sign and road Warning sign The upright ive way
you must stop behind the showing the markings - you must give showing the sign and the triangle road
top lines even if there is no distance to the way behind the ive way distance to the marking are not used at
traffic on the ma or road. topʼ lines. This lines to traffic on the ma or ive wayʼ lines. unctions with relatively
ait for a safe gap in the sign is used road. top if necessary. This sign is used little traffic.
traffic before you move off. when the view of ive way to pedestrians when the view of
ive way to pedestrians the unction is crossing or waiting to the unction is
crossing or waiting to cross restricted. cross the minor road. restricted.
the minor road.

7
 For All Drivers
Roundabouts
hen on a roundabout, Roundabout ahead
look out for and show
consideration to other
vehicles crossing in front
of you, especially those
intending to leave by the next
exit. On a spiral roundabout,
ou must turn left at the take note of the road marking
entrance to a roundabout. guiding vehicles to leave the
roundabout. arning sign
roundabout ahead
hen you are leaving the
roundabout, pay attention to
dvance direction sign and road markings for a conventional
any vehicles that may cross
roundabout
your path from behind on your
hen approaching a left even if the road marking at
roundabout, decide as early a spiral roundabout is in your
as possible which exit you will favour.
take and get into the correct
lane. Reduce your speed. In case you have missed the
hen entering a roundabout, exit, continue to circle around
give way to any traffic on your the roundabout until you
immediate right inside the reach that exit again and
roundabout unless road leave.
markings indicate otherwise dvance direction sign and road markings for a spiral
ook out for cyclists and
and keep moving if the way roundabout
motor cyclists, and give them
is clear. Do not enter a more room. ook out for long
roundabout if you see your vehicles which may have to
exit is blocked. take a different course, both
ive way to pedestrians on the approach to and on a
crossing or waiting to cross. roundabout.

here there are two lanes at

the entrance to a roundabout,
follow the paths shown by the
blue lines in the diagrams on
page 81, unless signs or road
markings indicate otherwise. One of the above signs can usually be seen in advance of a
roundabout.
80
 For All Drivers

Conventional roundabout Spiral roundabout

Turning left
Approach in the left lane and signal left.
Keep travelling along the outer lane of the roundabout
signal signal
and continue to signal left to leave.
left left

signal signal
left left

Going straight ahead signal signal

Approach in either the left or right lane left left
(for 3-lane roundabout, left or middle lane). Do not
signal. Keep to that lane on the roundabout.
After passing the exit before the one you want, signal
left to leave.

Turning right / U-turning signal signal

Approach in the right lane (for 3-lane roundabout, left left
right or middle lane) and signal right.
Keep travelling along the inner lane of the roundabout
(for 3-lane roundabout, inner or middle lane).
Continue signalling right until you have passed the
exit before the one you want, then signal left to leave signal signal
(inner lane user of 3-lane roundabout may change to right right
the middle lane first when signalling left).
signal signal
left left

signal signal
right right 81
 For All Drivers
Junctions with Dual Carriageways
Leaving a major trunk road (signs in blue)/an expressway (signs in green)
The main features of an exit from a ma or trunk road an expressway at a multi-level unction
are shown. Other unctions may have some of these features.

deceleration lane

Information about the Countdown markers may direction sign is erected Deceleration arrow is used to direction sign is erected at
unction ahead is usually also be used to indicate the immediately before the indicate the start of a the unction to provide
given at least 00m in distance in hundreds of unction to give information deceleration lane which gives information about the
advance to give you time to metres to the start of the about the route and unction you time and space to begin unction. The slip road leads
move to the left most lane. deceleration lane. ahead. reducing your speed. you to a unction with an
ordinary road or to another
dual carriageway. ome slip
roads may have sharp bends
which can only be taken
safely by further reducing
your speed.
82
 For All Drivers

Joining a major trunk road (signs in blue)/an expressway (signs in green) On wide busy roads, and particularly on expressways
and trunk roads, direction signs may be placed on gantries
slip road leads you into an acceleration lane. atch the traffic on the trunk road and ad ust
above the road. On expressways, the direction signs are
your speed so that you can oin the nearest lane in a suitable gap. fter oining the lane, stay
green in colour.
in the lane long enough to become accustomed to the speed of the traffic before trying to
change lanes as necessary.

acceleration lane
rrows below the destinations mean elect your
destination and get in lane . Do so in good time. The sign
above generally means there is a lane-drop for the exit and
the number of lanes on the main road will be reduced from
four to three.

here there is no loss of lane beyond the unction, the

panel containing the sloping upward arrow in the sign above
indicates the exit destinations, while the panel containing
(erected on main road) (erected on main road) the downward facing arrows gives destinations for the main
road. eep left if you are leaving the main road.
These are informatory merging signs used
before the merge at unctions on expressways. (erected on slip road) (erected on slip road)

83
 For All Drivers
Zebraʼ Crossings
ʻGive wayʼ line

ʻGive wayʼ line

hen approaching a ebra ou must not stop on a ever park, carry out loading
crossing, look out for ebra crossing. ou must unloading, or overtake ust
pedestrians waiting to cross also not stop in the controlled before a ebra crossing.
(particularly children, the area marked with ig ag lines
ook out for pedestrians
elderly and the disabled). e except when giving way to
crossing the road across
ebraʼ crossings are well ready to slow down or stop pedestrians on the crossing
the ig ag lines.
marked with black and white behind the ive way line to or waiting to turn left or right.
stripes and ig ag lines on let them cross. In traffic queues, leave
ithin the controlled area
either side. These road ebra crossing clear and
ou must give way to anyone marked with ig ag lines, you
markings not only control stop behind the ive way
who has stepped onto a must not pass ahead the
traffic by giving orders, but line. arning sign pedestrian
ebra crossing. ignal to moving vehicle nearest the
also warn you as a driver that other drivers that you intend crossing, or the leading If there is an island in the crossing ahead
there may be pedestrians to slow down or stop. Do not vehicle which has stopped to middle of a crossing, the
crossing or waiting to cross signal pedestrians to cross give way to pedestrians on parts of the crossing on its
the road. yellow beacon, another vehicle may be the crossing. either side are separate
usually flashing, marks the approaching. crossings.
location of the crossing.

8
 For All Drivers
Green Manʼ Crossings

reen man crossings are t reen man crossings,

marked by two rows of studs the signals have the same
and have traffic lights for meaning as traffic lights at
vehicles and pedestrian lights a unction.
for pedestrians.
hen the red light shows,
The crossings are marked you must stop or wait behind
with yellow stripes and you the top line.
must not stop on the
hen the green light shows,
crossing.
you may go forward if there
reen man crossings can are no pedestrians on the arning sign traffic lights or
be found either independently crossing and there is room for reen man crossing ahead
on a length of road or as part you to do so do not block
of a traffic light unction. the crossing.
ive way to any pedestrians If traffic lights are not working,
on the crossings. The elderly, slow down or even stop as
the disabled and children may necessary to give way to
need more time to cross. Do pedestrians, and proceed
not harass pedestrians, for through the unction with
example by revving up your extreme caution.
engine or creeping forward.
8
 For All Drivers
Bright Sunlight, Driving at Night
Bright sunlight Driving at night ou must dip your headlamps If da led by approaching
where there are street lights or traffic, slow down or even
hen driving at night, you
in the face of approaching stop.
must use headlamps even if
traffic.
there are street lights. This will Dip your headlamps when
help other road users to see Divert your eyes, when you passing other vehicles or road
you more easily. meet high beams head on. users and also when driving
Don t stare into them. ook to close behind another vehicle
It is very difficult to see
the left edge of the road. Do so as not to da le the driver.
pedestrians at night,
not flick your high beams to
especially when the road Even if your headlamps are
warn the other drivers. ever,
surface is wet and shiny dipped, do not drive so close
however, should you get even
because of reflections and behind another vehicle as to
by leaving your own high
glare. t night, drivers and da le the driver.
beams on. This only increases
pedestrians become tired
the chance of an accident.
and find it more difficult to
concentrate, udge speeds
and distances, and see
properly.
In bright conditions, glare and Entering or leaving a tunnel
da le can cause discomfort particularly under bright Driving at night or in the half-
to some drivers. Da le is a conditions outside needs light of dusk and dawn can
serious ha ard. ou may not special care. If you are be more difficult than driving
be able to see for a second or wearing sunglasses when during the day. topping
two and you will have to rely entering a tunnel, you may be distances increase with speed
on what you have memorised unable to see at first. but the range of your
the scene ahead. headlamps does not.
On leaving a tunnel, drive with
Therefore reduce speed for
ou may find it difficult to read care, particularly if you are
night driving so that the
traffic sign if the sky behind unfamiliar with the road layout
overall stopping distance is
the sign is bright. The shape or approaching a toll pla a.
well within the range of your
of the sign will help you.
headlamps.
ou must switch on your hen you are following on dipped headlamps
headlamps in poor visibility or the illustration on the left shows the right way, provided that
during the hours of darkness your speed is low enough. The illustration on the right
including dusk and dawn. shows the wrong way as you are too close to the vehicle
in front, the driver is da led by your headlamps through
the rear window.
86
 For All Drivers
Rain, Fog, Wind
Rain and wet roads Rain can be so heavy that it See and be seen – you should
forms a thin sheet of water on use your headlamps or fog
When roads are wet, braking
the roadway. Even good tyres lamps, and rear lamps. In fog,
distances increase because
cannot grip through this and use fog lamps if fitted and
tyre grip is reduced. Give
you may have no control at all your windscreen wipers as
yourself much more room for
over steering or braking. necessary. Avoid using fog
slowing down and stopping.
lamps in other circumstances.
Your allowance for braking Slow down through pools of
distance should be at least water. Water thrown up can Check and clean
doubled. block your view, affect your windscreens, lamps, rear
brakes and stop your engine. mirrors and windows
Water on the roadway makes
It may also affect the view of whenever necessary.
a slippery film, especially after
other drivers or drench
a spell of dry weather. If you have to drive in fog or
pedestrians.
mist, adjust your speed and
Be on the look-out for
Beware of likely serious road allow more time for your trip.
difference in road surfaces
flooding when red/black
which may reduce the grip
rainstorm warning signal is Wind
of your tyres still more. The
issued and take extreme care
smoother your tyres, the Keeping control of your
on the roads. If the road is
greater the increase in braking vehicle in strong winds,
flooded, try to stop in a safe
distance on a wet road. particularly near high-sided
place and find out how deep
vehicles, demands quick and
Pedestrians run the risk of the water is. If it is not too
positive reactions.
slipping and falling when deep and you decide to drive
crossing the road. through, drive as slowly as Look out for fallen trees and
you can but keep the engine other obstructions on the
See and be seen – You must
speed up to avoid stalling. As roadway.
use headlamps during the
soon as you have driven
day whenever visibility is Strong winds can blow
through a stretch of flooded
poor because of heavy rain, Fog and mist Watch your speed and pedestrians and cyclists off
road, try your brakes but be
smoke, mist or fog or any remember you may be going course, so give them plenty
cautious to do so when there Slow down and keep a safe
similar condition. much faster than you think. of room.
are vehicles behind. distance. You should always
Not only is your visibility cut Do not speed up to escape If there is a tropical cyclone
be able to stop within the
down when it rains, it is also a vehicle which is too close near Hong Kong, pay
distance of your view ahead.
more difficult for pedestrians behind you. attention to its latest news
to see you if their views are Do not concentrate on and forecast track to plan
If you are driving a heavy
hampered by umbrellas or someone else’s rear lamps; your trip.
vehicle, it may take you
headwear. it gives you a false sense of
longer to stop than the
security.
vehicle ahead. 87
 For All Drivers
Road Works
ets of warning signs and The temporary traffic signs near road works are illustrated Temporary traffic control
sometimes flashing lights will and warning lights are often on pages 11 and 120.)
Temporary traffic lights may
give you warning of works on put on stands and may be
be set up to provide traffic
or near the road ahead. In easily knocked down or
control in near a road works
many cases, normal speeds displaced.
area. The lights may be used
are impossible when travelling
ook out for pedestrians at a unction, a site access or
in the vicinity of road works,
forced to step onto the where the roadway is
so you should slow down
roadway because a pavement narrowed to a single track for
when seeing the first
or footpath may be closed or Traffic cones and cylinders are two-way traffic.
indication of road works. e
blocked by road works. used to mark temporary traffic anually operated top oʼ
prepared for persons and Traffic lights aheadʼ sign
lanes or diversions. ou must signs may be also used for
vehicles working on or near may be used to warn you of
not drive over them. control of one-lane-two-way
the roadway moving temporary traffic lights (see
traffic.
unexpectedly close to or into sign 22 on page 11 ).
the open traffic lanes. topʼ and oʼ signs if the
t temporary traffic lights, a
topʼ sign is showing, you
Persons responsible for temporary traffic sign (see
must not drive past the sign
carrying out road works would below) may be used instead
if the oʼ sign is showing,
follow the Code of Practice of a topʼ line. ou must stop
you may go if the way is clear.
for the ighting, igning and and stay before the sign if the
uarding for Road orks red, or red and amber lights
published by the ighways are showing (see pages 106
The Road works aheadʼ sign
Department (see Further to 108 for the meaning of
should be the first sign you
References aterials ) to set traffic light signals).
see as you approach road
up temporary traffic
works or other obstructions
arrangements and the arning of temporary traffic
on the roadway.
associated warnings. control by top oʼ signs
ost road works involve ahead
e prepared for the
temporary narrowing of the
unexpected, especially at
roadway and possibly lane
night, even if you are familiar
closure or closure of the road
with the route or with the
itself. arning signs and
temporary traffic
informatory signs will help
arrangements.
guide you through the road
The temporary traffic works area or divert you
arrangements may change around an obstruction.
The Road works aheadʼ sign
from time to time as the works
( any of the temporary traffic with an Endʼ plate marks the
progress.
signs that may be seen at or end of the road works.
88
 For All Drivers
Road Works on Dual Carriageways/in Tunnels
On dual carriageways, when the road works are extensive, some traffic lanes may be switched to the other carriageway.

Temporary signs give you Traffic signs warn you of the On the carriageway with Traffic signs warn you of the On returning to the normal
information on the traffic change to the other two-way traffic, water-filled change back to the original carriageway, stay in your lane
lanes ahead and time to carriageway for one or more barriers, traffic cylinders or carriageway. until well past the road works
move to the correct traffic lanes of traffic. tay in your traffic cones are used to unless traffic signs or road
lane if necessary. lane and follow the traffic separate traffic flows. Traffic markings indicate otherwise.
signs and traffic cones placed lanes may be narrower than
In general, drivers of large
on or by the road to guide usual and there is little room
vehicles should use the left
you. Take particular care when for error so take extra care
most lane.
driving through the gap in the and keep your speed down.
central reservation if your lane
switches to the other
carriageway.

One-tube-two-way operation in tunnels hen implementing one-tube-two-way operation, the speed limit in tunnel tube will be lowered
to 0km h in general. ou must strictly follow the traffic signals and signs of the temporary traffic
One-tube-two-way operation is generally implemented in the arrangement, particularly the diversions at both ends of the tube. ou must obey all signals and
small hours of morning for regular tunnel maintenance or directions given by the tunnel officers and should pay attention to the advisory message
cleansing works. displayed on variable message signs or broadcasted through radio broadcasting system.
8
 For All Drivers
Where Not to Stop
Where you must not stop The stopping ban does not ʻNo stoppingʼ zones here there is a single solid The o stoppingʼ signs
apply in an emergency yellow line and o may apply to certain class
ou must not stop, not even
(for example, to avoid an stoppingʼ signs do not of vehicle only, such as
to pick up or set down
accident), when your vehicle stop during the time period public light buses, goods
passengers or to load or
breaks down or stops to cope shown. ometimes the vehicles or buses (see traffic
unload goods in the following
with traffic conditions, or stopping ban is indicated signs below).
places:
when signalled to stop by a by traffic signs only, and
On an expressway. police officer, traffic warden, there may be no yellow
authorised personnel in tunnel lines marked on the road.
In a o stopping one
area or control area, a traffic
during the restriction time here there are double
sign or traffic light.
(see on this page). yellow lines and or o
stopping signs do not
On a ebraʼ or reen
Regulatory sign no stopping stop at any time.
manʼ crossing.
On trunk roads and other
In a ebra controlled area
ma or roads, a o stoppingʼ
marked with ig ag lines
ban may be indicated by
unless you are giving
traffic signs only. The o
precedence to pedestrians
stoppingʼ ban will be marked
or are waiting to make a left
at the beginning and end by
or right-turn.
signs with yellow background
t a bus stop, public light Traffic signs mark the signs with white background
bus stand or taxi stand beginning and end of o (repeaters) at intervals along
(except permitted users). stoppingʼ ones. the roads remind drivers of
the ban in force.
On parts of a roadway on The times during which the
which you are normally not stopping ban applies are On expressways, neither
allowed to enter, for shown on the signs. signs nor yellow line markings
example bus lanes, hard are used to indicate the
Regulatory signs and road
shoulders and cycleways. no-stopping restrictions.
markings may be used
Once you enter an
In a tunnel area or control within a one to remind you
expressway, you must not
area. of the stopping ban or to
stop under normal traffic
indicate a change in the
On a yellow box marking conditions.
time period.
or yellow striped green
manʼ crossing.

0
 For All Drivers

Road markings Regulatory signs and repeaters Coloured sign post Certificate for picking up or setting down of
Red, yellow and green colour passengers with disabilities in restricted zones
o stopping at any time
sign posts are used to
represent the three most
common standard
no-stopping restriction time
periods for all motor vehicles -
the colour of the sign post is
for reference only. The
no-stopping restriction time
tart sign Repeater period should refer to the
traffic sign.
o stopping at time period
shown on the signs Colour Time period
Red 7am midnight
ellow 7am 7pm
reen 8am 10am and The police will exercise record of the ourney.
pm 7pm discretion to allow drivers of The following persons with
rey for all other time taxis, private cars, private light disabilities are eligible to
periods buses and private buses to use the Certificate:
pick up or set down
• persons with mobility
You should not stop passengers with disabilities in
problem such as
restricted ones (except
ear a reen manʼ wheelchair users or users
crossing. expressways and 2 -hour
of walking aids or
no stopping restricted ones),
ear a pedestrian crossing
place, for example where provided that no ha ard or • visually impaired persons.
there is an island on the disruption is caused to other
The driver can present the
road. road users.
certificate to a police officer
ear traffic lights. person with disability to prove that he she has
ear a school crossing can give to the driver a picked up or set down a
patrol. Certificate for Picking Up or passenger with disabilities
On a ma or dual carriageway. etting Down of Passengers in the restricted one in case
ear or at a unction. with Disabilities in Restricted he she is interrogated by
ear or on a roundabout. ones (issued by The the officer.
here you may cause ong ong Council of ocial
danger to yourself, your ervice) completed with
tart sign Repeater
passengers or other road
users. 1
 For All Drivers
Where Not to Park
Where you must not park Other than at no-stopping On a road without street lighting or a private road:
places as described on pages
ou must not park your
0 and 1, you may stop to
vehicle:
pick up or set down
here your vehicle will passengers, or load or unload
cause obstruction or goods if you can do so
danger to other road users. without causing obstruction
Temporary o parking sign
or danger.
On a road with street arrows show the direction or
lighting that is a road ou should not stop for directions to which the ban
where the street lights are longer than necessary to let applies
spaced not more than 200 passengers get on or off. ou
ou must not park where
metres apart other than in should only let your vehicle
there are temporary
a marked parking place. stand for a longer time if
o parking signs or in a
loading or unloading of goods
On, or partly on, a closed or suspended parking
is taking place.
pavement, footpath, central space.
reservation, verge, hard uch loading or unloading
shoulder or traffic island. activities should be carried
out as quickly as possible. ou must not park on the
here your vehicle would side of the roadway or on the
our vehicle should not be left
block a vehicular access to pavement or verge along that
unattended or left standing
properties or car parks. side of the road where there
when the loading or unloading
here your vehicle will of goods has been is o parking sign at any
obstruct access to a fire completed. time, or at the time period
hydrant from the roadway. shown on the Time plate
under the o parking sign.
single broken yellow line
may be added on the side of
the roadway to indicate the
parking restriction.
ou must not park at any
time on the side of the
roadway or on the pavement
or verge along that side of
the road where there is a
single broken yellow line near
the edge of the road.
2
 For All Drivers

Where you should not let Do not let your vehicle stand If your vehicle breaks down,
your vehicle stand you must not repair, maintain
t or near a school ear or on a bend. In a passing place. or carry out any works on a
ou should not let your vehicle entrances exits, not even
ear or on the brow of here it would prevent vehicle on a road, except for
stand, wait, or load or unload to pick up or set down
a hill. properly parked vehicles works that are necessary to
goods where school children.
from moving out. enable the vehicle to be
it would cause danger or Opposite a traffic island. removed without undue delay.
ear a school crossing
inconvenience to other road In hospital entrances exits. ou must not leave a broken
patrol. longside another
users, or hold up traffic down vehicle on a road
stationary vehicle. In police, fire and
here it would hide a unattended except while
it would cause difficulties ambulance station
traffic sign or road If this would narrow the getting help.
for others to see clearly entrances exits.
marking. road not enough for
such as in vicinity of passage of two vehicles On a ma or dual
unctions or crossings t or near any bus stop,
in opposite direction. carriageway.
public light bus stand
it would reduce the width stop, or taxi stand. ear road works. On a slip road.
of that part of the road
generally used by traffic ear a reen man On a narrow or single track On a hard shoulder,
crossing or pedestrian road. marginal strip or
emergency vehicles would crossing place. emergency lay-by
stop, or go in or out of On a flyover or in an
(except in an emergency).
premises and On a two-way road with underpass.
Double white lines. In a bus bay.
it would cause danger or On main road with faster
inconvenience to t or near at a unction. traffic. In a police lay-by.
pedestrians, particularly
where pedestrians are likely
to cross the road such as
at a pedestrian crossing,
at or near a unction or near
a traffic island.

3
 For All Drivers
Where to Park
ou must not park in a space Parking signs
designated for vehicles of a
ehicles other oods vehicles
different type from your
than medium only
vehicle. For example, you
heavy goods
must not park a private car in
vehicles, buses,
a parking space for goods
coaches, motor
vehicles or reserved for
cycles and
specified users, such as
Direction sign showing the pedal cycles
ambulances.
direction to a car park or
parking place ou must not park over the uses otor Pedal
lines marking out the parking and cycles cycles
ou should only park your coaches only only
space. ou must not park in
vehicle where it will not cause only
a parking place for more than
any danger nor inconvenience
2 hours.
to other road users. alk a
short distance rather than parking space may be During the period of operation
causing a danger. marked with either white of a parking meter, you must
road markings or road pay the appropriate charge
Park in a parking place or a studs. as shown on the meter.
car park if you can.
ou must do this as soon as
On a road with street lighting parking sign nearby will possible after parking your
that is a road where the give information on what vehicle.
street lights are spaced not class type of vehicle the Time plates used with parking signs showing the operating
Time plate with the
more than 200 metres apart parking place is designated time of the meters and the maximum charging period.
Parking sign will tell you the
you may park only in a for, and the allowed parking
maximum charging period
designated parking place. period. ome parking spaces
and the operating time of the
may be designated for
meters.
Parking places different classes types of
ou must not park on the vehicles at different times
yellow hatched road markings (such as for private cars in
between parking spaces of a daytime and for commercial
parking place (see page 127). vehicles at night).

pecified classes of vehicles ehicles with disabled

only such as refuse collection person s parking permit only
vehicles
 For All Drivers
Parking
If you have to park on the Parking on hills eaving a gap oving in or
road, stop as close as out of a parking space is more
possible to the edge. efore difficult on a slope than on the
leaving your vehicle, you must flat and tends to take more
switch off the engine and room. o leave a bigger gap
engage the vehicle in first It will help you and others.
reverse gear (manual) or park
mode (automatic). lso, make
sure the parking brake is on
firmly. lways lock your
vehicle and switch off all the
lights.
efore opening any door of
a vehicle, make sure that
there is no one on the road,
pavement or footpath close
enough to be hit by the door,
or likely to walk into it. e
particularly careful about
cyclists and motorcyclists. Uphill Uphill downhill Downhill
Remind your passengers with kerb no kerb with kerb
especially children to take
note of the above and arrange Parking uphill top as close Parking uphill or downhill with Parking downhill top as
them to get out from the side as you can to the nearside no kerb Turn the steering close as you can to the
of the pavement or kerb kerb and leave your steering wheel to the left. eave the nearside kerb and turn the
whenever possible. wheel turned to the right. vehicle in first (uphill) or steering wheel to the left,
ever park on the road at Then, in case the vehicle rolls reverse (downhill) gear, or park so that any forward
night if it can be avoided, backwards, it will be checked mode (automatic), and apply movement of the vehicle
unless there are designated by the front wheel coming the parking brake firmly. will be checked by the kerb.
parking places. It is particularly against the kerb. eave the Then, at least, the vehicle will eave the vehicle in reverse
dangerous to park on unlit vehicle in first gear or park not run back down the road, gear or park mode (automatic)
roads or roads in fog or mist. mode (automatic), and apply in case it rolls. and apply the parking brake
ights should always be left the parking brake firmly. firmly.
on in fog or mist conditions.
 Chapter 6 For Professional Drivers
For Professional Drivers
Commercial Vehicles
ost of the rules and advice Further details on the Goods vehicles ou must not smoke in or
given to drivers in Chapter 5 requirements and near a vehicle carrying
apply to drivers of commercial application for the different inflammable or explosive
vehicles. types of driving licences for goods.
and driving tests of
To drive a commercial vehicle, Passengers, including
commercial vehicles may be
you must have a valid driving members of any work crew,
obtained from any icensing
licence for the appropriate must be carried only on
Office of the Transport
vehicle class. To apply for a properly provided and
Department (see Further
driving licence of relevant secured seats. Passengers
Reference aterials ).
commercial vehicle class, must not sit on loads or in the
you must be aged at least 21, In general, the heavier the load-carrying part of the
have held a full driving licence vehicle, the longer the vehicle.
for a private car or light goods braking distance. For a
Do not allow passengers to
vehicle for at least 3 years (or heavy vehicle, the braking
get on or off your vehicle
at least 2 years if the full distance may be twice of
when it is in motion.
driving licence was issued the distance needed by a
after the completion of car. o keep a longer ou should use a R D, if
probationary driving period) distance between your The maximum speed limit The above restriction also fitted, to help you monitor the
immediately preceding the vehicle and the one in front for medium and heavy goods applies to light goods vehicles area behind the vehicle while
application, and have not (see pages and ). vehicles is 70km h. ou must driven by holders of reversing. In low light
been convicted of dangerous not drive faster than the probationary driving licence. conditions, you should switch
driving causing death (or speed limit for the road or on the auxiliary illumination
grievous bodily harm), your vehicle, whichever is Dust, mud, oil and other when using R D. ny dirt or
drink, or drug driving within the lower. debris blown off or dropped rain drops on the camera lens
years immediately preceding from a vehicle can be an may affect the image quality.
Under the Road Traffic inconvenience or a danger to If necessary, you may arrange
the application.
(Expressway) Regulations, other road users. ou must someone to check the traffic
ith effect from 1 October medium and heavy goods properly secure a load - cover condition behind the vehicle.
2020, the requirement on the vehicles are prohibited from it if necessary. lways keep
number of years of holding a using the right most lane of an your vehicle clean, for s a safety practice, you may
valid private car or light goods expressway where there are example by sweeping the also turn on the ha ard
vehicle full driving licence three or more lanes available, trailer floor or washing mud off warning lights when parking
would be changed to at least unless you are heading for a the tyres before leaving a or reversing.
1 year (or having obtained the right side exit. construction site.
full driving licence after the
completion of probationary
driving period).
6
 For Professional Drivers

Buses and public light buses to stand, are able to grasp a Bus lanes
secure handrail or hand-hold.
Passengers may change
seats or move towards the
exit door while the vehicle is
moving. Therefore, driving
actions should be carried out
smoothly and gradually. You
must observe the conditions
near the door(s) carefully
before opening or closing the
door(s) to avoid trapping
passengers. Do not open the
door, or allow passengers to
get on or off your vehicle,
while it is still in motion.
The maximum speed limits for
There are additional rules for in writing and buses are buses and public light buses Bus lanes are for buses use crossing the road. Other
the driving and operation of prohibited from using the right are 70 km/h and 80 km/h only. The Franchised bus drivers may also drive into a
buses, coaches and public most lane of an expressway respectively. You must not laneʼ signs indicate that buses bus lane to gain access to
light buses. These rules are where there are three or more drive faster than 70km/h other than franchised buses premises or when taking
contained in the Road Traffic lanes available, unless you are (buses) or 80km/h (public light are not allowed to use such evasive action. If the traffic in
(Public Service Vehicles) heading for a right side exit. buses), or the speed limit for bus lane (see sign 63 on page the normal lanes is moving
Regulations and in the the road on which you are 113). slowly or is stationary, look out
Any driving action you take,
conditions for the passenger travelling, whichever is the for pedestrians or motor
whether it be stopping, When using a bus lane during
service licence for your lower. cycles emerging from gaps
changing speed or direction, its period of operation, look
respective vehicle. Ask your between vehicles.
must be carried out in a out for other road users.
employer about the rules that Taxis
manner that does not put Cyclists are permitted to use a (See pages 65 and 66 for
apply to you if you are
your passengers and other There are additional rules for bus lane - give them plenty of more information on bus
employed to drive a public
vehicles at risk. You must the driving and operation of room when overtaking and be lanes.)
service vehicle.
drive with consideration for taxis. Information about these prepared for their sudden
Under the Road Traffic your passengers, as well as rules can be obtained from sideways movements.
(Expressway) Regulations, other road users. any Licensing Office of the Pedestrians may step
public light buses are Transport Department (see unexpectedly into the bus
After picking up passengers,
prohibited from entering an ‘Further Reference Materials’). lane or wait at the edge of the
do not move off until they are
expressway unless authorised bus lane marking when
properly seated or, if allowed
97
 For Professional Drivers
Loads, Long Vehicles, Towing
Carrying loads Overloading has a detrimental extends sideways with an Long Vehicles dditional reference
effect on the brakes, suspension overall width (including the information for loading of
ou must properly secure hen driving a long vehicle,
and steering, making the load and the vehicle) more vehicles is available in the
loads, and cover them if you may not be able to keep
vehicle difficult to control. n than 2. metres Code of Practice for the
necessary. within the normal traffic lane
overloaded vehicle will respond oading of ehiclesʼ (see
with the vehicle is higher or follow the path taken by
ou must not drive an slowly and irregularly to the Further Reference aterials ).
overloaded vehicle (its than the overall height of smaller vehicles, particularly if
driverʼs controlling actions,
permitted gross vehicle weight thus causing danger to other the vehicle specified in the the lane is narrow and your
or maximum permitted axle Road Traffic (Construction path is tightly curved. hen
road users.
weight is exceeded). and aintenance of carrying out unusual
(For rules and advice on ehicles) Regulations (e.g. manoeuvres, look out for
The permitted gross vehicle where to stop on the road to light goods vehicle: 3. m, other road users, in particular
weight and maximum load and unload goods, see medium heavy goods pedestrians, motorcyclists or
permitted axle weight of a pages 2 and 3.) vehicle: .6m) or cyclists who may drive or step
goods vehicle are shown on into the swept path of your Towing
the vehicle licence displayed Overhanging loads is at a height that may
vehicle or into one of your O TO ʼ sign - the letters
on the windscreen or marked cause damage to any
blind spots. Turning left or and characters must be at
on both sides of the vehicle. hen driving a vehicle with an ob ect or wires erected
right has to be done with least 1 0mm high in white on
overhanging load, you must above the road.
ross vehicle or axle weight great care. On leaving a a dark surface.
ensure that there is a red flag
includes the weight of the unction, stay in lane until you
vehicle and any passengers not less than 1 square metre Fallen or spilled loads ou must not tow another
are well past the unction.
and load etc. at the rear extremity of the vehicle with a tow rope or
If a load or an ob ect falls or
load in daytime with good efore driving an articulated chain if the gap between the
ou must not carry or support visibility. During the hours of spills from your vehicle, stop
vehicle, check that all the twist two vehicles is greater than .
any load on the tailgate. your vehicle in a safe place
darkness or in poor visibility, locks are fully engaged and metres. ou must make sure
and try to remove the fallen
ou must not allow any load you must install a white light locked in position with the the tow rope or chain is clearly
load or deal with the spillage
to touch the roadway. showing ahead at each side container and the trailer visible to other road users.
if it is safe and practicable to
of the front of the load and a properly connected to the
ou must make sure that your red light showing to the rear of do so. If you are unable to The vehicle being towed must
tractor including braking and
vehicle or trailer is loaded so quickly and safely remove the be under the control of a
the load. electrical connections, in
as not to cause danger to ob ect, try to warn other road driver holding a valid driving
addition to the usual safety
you, your passengers or other ou must not load or drive users and fetch help. licence for the class of the
checks.
road users or to cause a vehicle so that the load vehicle who is able to brake
damage to the road or On ma or trunk roads
dditional rules for drivers of and steer the vehicle properly.
property. ib, crane or similar extends beyond the front and expressways, in tunnel
articulated vehicles can be proper O TO ʼ sign must
attachments equipped on of the vehicle by more than areas and in control areas,
obtained from any icensing be fitted to the rear of the
vehicles must be lowered and 1. metres use mobile phone to inform
Office of the Transport vehicle being towed.
returned to its stowed position extends beyond the rear of the police or control centre.
Department (see Further
after use as recommended by the vehicle by more than ever try to retrieve a fallen Other rules apply when using
Reference aterials ).
the manufacturers. 1. metres load by yourself. tow bars or towing vehicles
8
capable of lifting vehicles.
 For Professional Drivers
Restrictions
Drivers of commercial vehicles Restricted headroom
may be sub ect to bans that
do not apply to other vehicles.
These bans may apply to
particular vehicle classes or
to larger vehicles. Regulatory
idth limit no eight limit no xle weight limit no eight limit no
traffic signs mark the
vehicles over vehicles over vehicles with an axle vehicles with a gross
beginning of the ban. If the
width shown height shown weight over that vehicle weight over
ban applies to your vehicle
(including load) (including load) shown (including load) that shown (including
(including any load), you must
load)
not drive past the sign or drive
on the road to which it
bridge or other structure
applies.
over a road may restrict the
upplementary plates may actual headroom available.
give additional information The restriction may be
or exemptions to the ban. temporary due to bridge or
other construction works.
Commercial vehicles may ength limit no vehicles, or ew signing eight limit o warning sign will indicate the
also be sub ect to stopping combination of vehicles, over arrangement to goods vehicles with a maximum headroom on that
and parking restrictions length shown (including load) replace the sign at gross vehicle weight part of the road.
(see pages 0 to 3). (applying to all vehicle classes) the left over that shown
edium and heavy goods
vehicles, buses, recovery
vehicles, and any motor
vehicles towing a trailer or
another vehicle are prohibited
from using the right most lane o public light o buses or o goods vehicles o vehicles carrying
of an expressway where there buses coaches dangerous goods of dvanced warning of
are three or more lanes open specified categories restricted headroom may be
for use, unless you are
Except for accessʼ plate given by a Restricted
heading for a right side exit.
allows a vehicle to enter the headroom aheadʼ warning
The above restriction also
road so as to gain access to sign with a supplementary
applies to light goods vehicles
premises or land ad acent to plate showing the distance to
driven by holders of Time plateʼ indicates the
the road, to which the ban the restriction. lternatively,
probationary driving licence. time period during which the
applies, where there is no the warning sign may be
ban applies. shown on an advance
alternative route.
direction sign.
 Chapter 7 For Riders of Motor Cycles and Motor Tricycles
For Riders of Motor Cycles and Motor Tricycles
Before You Ride
ost of the rules and advice Eye protection ear light-coloured, reflective Learner riders Probationary driving
given to drivers in Chapter 5 or fluorescent clothing. If you licence
Eye protection is the If you are a new rider, enroll in
apply to riders of motor cycles ride a motor cycle or motor
important function of visors a designated driving school to Upon passing the driving test
and motor tricycles. tricycle as part of your ob,
and goggles. ou are strongly attend a compulsory training for motor cycle or motor
ask your employer to provide
advised to use a visor or course. aving acquired the tricycle, you are eligible to
Safety helmets you with suitable high visibility
goggles at all times when basic knowledge and skills to apply for a probationary
clothing.
hen you ride a motor cycle, riding. void poor quality ride and manoeuvre in an off- driving licence which is
you and your passenger must plastic visors or goggles that Riding in hot weather in road environment and passed sub ect to additional driving
wear and securely fasten a can be scratched easily and clothing such as shorts or the written test as well as the restrictions. ou can then
safety helmet of approved make sure the lenses are short-sleeved shirts is not competence test, you can apply for a full driving licence
type. Riders and passengers shatterproof. advisable, as your skin will then apply for a learnerʼs after satisfactory completion
of motor tricycles should also have no protection in an driving licence. The licence of the probationary driving
If riding in bright light is
wear the safety helmets. accident if you fall and slide enables you to practise on period of at least 12 months.
uncomfortable, use a tinted
on the road surface. roads, with or without a
safety helmet will not visor or goggles, or wear (For rules, advice and
licensed driving instructor,
protect you in an accident good quality sunglasses if loves should always be information about the
but you are not allowed to
unless it fits properly. hen they fit comfortably under worn when riding, to protect probationary driving licence
carry any passenger. hen
buying a helmet, you should your helmet. ut do not use your hands in an accident as scheme, see page 8)
practising on roads, you must
aim for the closest fit that tinted helmet visors or well as for warmth. In hot
display approved ʼ plates at
causes no discomfort, even googles at night or in weather, thin unlined gloves
the front and rear of your
for long periods. Replace a conditions of poor visibility. are the most comfortable and
motor cycle or motor tricycle.
helmet that shows signs of provide the best degree of
ook after your goggles and
damage or after a hard knock control. ou must not ride at certain
visors with care. They can be
even though there is no sign times of the day. ou must not
ruined by scratches. eep ear strong shoes or boots.
of damage on the surface. enter or ride on a road to
them clean particularly when
which the o learner driversʼ
ook after your helmet. It can riding at night.
sign applies. Information
be weakened by accidental
about these rules can be
knocks when not in use. Clothing
obtained from any icensing
It is recommended that you The clothing you wear when Office of the Transport
replace a helmet after four riding should Department (see Further
P plate for probationary rider
yearsʼ use, as it becomes Reference aterialsʼ).
keep you dry of motor cycle or motor
weathered and aged in that
tricycle
time, and cannot guarantee keep you warm in cold
full protection in an accident. weather
be conspicuous and
protect you in an accident.
100
 For Riders of Motor Cycles and Motor Tricycles
Riding Along
ou and your passenger are If your motor cycle or motor or motor tricycle. Being seen The rider of motor cycle or
more vulnerable than other tricycle has a cylinder capacity motor tricycle must turn on
If the road is flooded, beware
vehicle drivers and of less than 12 cc, or rated all front lamps, headlamps
of potholes or mud hidden
passengers, as you do not power less than 3k if it is and rear lamps at all times
below the surface of the
have the protection given to solely propelled by an electric (including daytime) while
water.
them by their vehicles and motor, you must not ride it on riding. ou must dip your
seat belts which you have an expressway. headlamps where there are
Motor cycles
to make up by the use of your street lights or in the face of
ou must not wear earphones passing/overtaking
skills. approaching traffic.
of any audio devices when
In slow moving or stopped
The best way to remain riding a motor cycle on the It is difficult for other road
traffic, you may only ride
upright and in complete road. users to see motor cycles
slowly through gaps that can
control of your machine is to because when seen end-on,
be driven through without
avoid abrupt changes fierce Road surfaces they are thinʼ (a quarter the
danger. ook out very closely
braking, hard acceleration, si e of a car) and often dark
The condition of the road for pedestrians and for
bad gear changing, sudden in colour. ou need to ensure
surface is very important to vehicles that may move into
changes of course and this that you can be seen by
riders of motor cycle or motor your path. If in doubt, stay in
means thinking ahead so that other road users, including
tricycle. ou depend upon the the traffic lane in the normal
each change is carried out pedestrians.
grip of your tyres on the road position. On two-way roads
smoothly and gradually. ou
surface for your stability and with Double whiteʼ lines, witching on your headlamps
cannot suddenly change
safety. ook out for danger when you wish to pass will help other road users,
direction at any but the lowest
from poor surfaces and between the vehicle in front including pedestrians, to see
speed.
potholes even in dry and the Double whiteʼ lines, you coming if necessary,
Using rear-view mirrors in conditions. urfaces become only do so if it is safe. ou flash your main beam. our
good time will help you slippery not only when they must ensure that the driver in rear light will indicate your
maintain awareness of traffic are wet, but also when they front also knows you are presence to drivers behind.
situation behind. o matter are covered with loose gravel coming through and will not Fluorescent or reflective
how good your mirrors are, or sand, mud or oil. hen push you over the Double clothing or ust a reflective
look around and over your wet, ob ects set in the whiteʼ lines and into the belt will help, day and night.
shoulder to check the blind roadway such as metal road oncoming traffic.
spot before moving off, studs or manhole covers, as ood positioning riding
In other situations, do not where other drivers and
changing direction lane or well as road markings, can
overtake another vehicle by pedestrians will be looking
overtaking. become slippery and may
using the same traffic lane as and expect to see you is
cause some types of front tyre
ou must not ride a motor that used by the vehicle. ou very important.
to deviate uncomfortably off
cycle or motor tricycle on a should overtake in the normal
course. ood and well
footway, pedestrian only road, way using the traffic lane on
maintained tyres are essential
footpath, or public open the right (for rules and advice
for safe riding of a motor cycle
space. for overtaking, see page 6). 101
 For Riders of Motor Cycles and Motor Tricycles
Positioning
If you position yourself well In approaching unctions with
on the road, not only is it traffic lights, pedestrian
easier to avoid ha ards and crossings or other places
ad ust your speed in time for where you need to stop or
changing conditions but it will wait before proceeding, take
also ensure you can get the up your position in the centre
best possible view of the road of the appropriate lane well in
ahead. advance. This helps other
drivers notice you and means
ou need not follow the basic
that they are less likely to
rule for drivers, eep to the
force you out of the lane than
leftʼ, too closely it is more
if you are riding close to the
important that you have the
edge of the lane on the left or
best possible view of the road
right. This position is also
ahead that safety permits.
helpful in slow moving traffic
If you ride near the kerb, look making it easier for you to be
out for pedestrians stepping prepared for pedestrians
onto the road or emerging emerging from gap between
from behind parked vehicles. stopped or slow moving
lso look out for people vehicles in ad acent lanes.
opening vehicle doors into
your path. ou are riding Riding in these positions
where they at least expect to as opposed to keeping to
see a vehicle and they may the left or riding near the
not see you. Other drivers kerb also helps other
may also turn left across your On one-way roads or dual On normal two-way roads, hen in slow moving traffic drivers to see you - you will
path. carriageways, use the correct ride near the centre of the or when waiting to go ahead, be in the centre of the view
Under normal traffic traffic lane as for other drivers. road but always be careful ride or stop near the centre of of a driver in the same lane
conditions, ride on the right- ut take up a similar position to check traffic behind and be the lane. and will also be where other
hand side of the traffic lane, in the traffic lane that is ust sure that those coming in the drivers and pedestrians will
ust to the left of the lane line to the left of the lane line so other direction can see you. expect to see you.
or centre line. that you can see the road well ove to the left to allow
ahead. overtaking vehicles to pass
you. lways keep the
recommended safe distance
from the vehicle in front - see
page .
102
 For Riders of Motor Cycles and Motor Tricycles
Signals, Passengers, and Carrying Loads
Signals to other road users If you do not have direction Passengers For pillion passengers
indicators fitted to your
ou must not carry more than ou must wear an approved motor cycle (or some types
machine, arrange to have a
one passenger unless there is safety helmet as a motor of motor tricycle) must be
set fitted, if at all possible.
a sidecar on the motor cycle. cycle passenger. It must be angled over to take bends
n arm signal in good visibility securely worn. Do not wear a and corners. It is not steered
ou must ensure that your
is more likely to be noticed helmet that is uncomfortable by the front wheel alone.
passenger sits astride the
by other road users than a or is not a good fit.
motor cycle on a fixed seat eep your feet on the
flashing light but it does
behind you with feet firmly on pillion passenger who is footrests at all times,
involve riding one-handed.
footrests for motor tricycles, inexperienced or nervous and particularly when the motor
s riding one-handed is
passengers should do the behaves or moves the wrong cycle or motor tricycle is
dangerous, arm signals
same if applicable. way or suddenly is dangerous. stopping or has stopped.
should not be given for longer
than is necessary and at times ou must not carry a void all sudden movements. ou should always hold the
not be given at all. passenger under the age of 8 riderʼs waist or hips, or the
Use direction indicators if you on the motor cycle unless eep your body in line with
grab bar, seat strap, if
intend to turn or move in or Use of the horn such passenger is carried on the rider, especially through
equipped, with both hands.
out. If it is safe to do, also give a fixed seat in a sidecar. bends and corners. Do not
ou must not use your horn void unnecessarily talking
arm signals to emphasise lean to the side to see ahead
unless for warning other road If you are carrying a pillion with the rider as this will
your intentions to other road which might affect the
users of danger. ou may passenger, even an distract the rider s attention,
users and to help avoid balance and stability of the
have to sound your horn more experienced person, it is thereby causing danger.
confusion (see pages 10 and machine.
often than drivers of other better to ride with more
10 for more on signals).
vehicles as other road users caution than usual and avoid Carrying loads
Cancel the direction indicator may not have seen you the sudden changes in speed
signal after the turn or use of the horn at the right or course where possible. ou ou must be aware that any without loose parts straps and
manoeuvre has been time may help them become will nearly always block the additional load, weight and is symmetrically positioned
completed. aware of your presence. ut passenger s view of road accessories on a motor cycle along the longitudinal axis of
only use it when it is really giving little chance for your or motor tricycle may affect its your vehicle. The carrying
Other road users may have stability, performance and loads or the storage box
necessary and you have taken passenger to anticipate and
difficulty in distinguishing handling, and you should should not be wider than the
every safety precaution. be prepared for such
between your left and right ad ust your driving style and factory fitted handlebars. ou
changes.
direction indicators, speed accordingly. Ensure must not allow any load to
particularly if they are close gree a signal, such as a firm that your vehicle shall not touch the road. Check
together. tap on your shoulder, for your exceed the maximum gross regularly to ensure that all
passenger to use when vehicle weight of 00kg tyres are properly inflated and
asking you to stop. Talking (motor cycle) or 600kg (motor maintained (see the relevant
may be difficult or impossible. tricycle). lso ensure that the guidelines in Further
load is mounted securely Reference materials )
103
 Chapter 8 The Language of the Road
The Language of the Road
Signals
Signals by drivers (include top lights are red lights Direction indicator signals
riders of motor cycles and which come on at the rear of
motor tricycles) and the vehicle when the driver I intend to move out to the
cyclists to other road users puts on the brakes. They tell right or turn right.
the following road users that
ou should give signals when
the vehicle is slowing down
this would help or warn other
or stopping. They must not
road users. ive only the
be confused with the rear
correct signals - those
lights which are also red.
illustrated - and only for the
purposes described. ive orns are used only for
them clearly and in good time. warning any person on or
lways be sure that your near a road of danger. I intend to move out to the
direction indicator signal is ever use them for any left or turn left.
cancelled after a manoeuvre. other reason.
rm signals are for use when eadlamp flashing is also a
direction indicator signals are warning to other road users.
not used or when necessary
ells are used by pedal
to reinforce direction indicator
cyclists as a warning.
signals and stop lights. They
are also for use by pedal
cyclists.
ou should only give signals Stop light signals
to indicate your intentions to
other road users. ever use I am slowing down or
them as instructions. stopping.

Do not drive or ride on the

road until you know how to
signal properly and what other
peopleʼs signals mean.

10
 The Language of the Road

Arm signals Signals by police officers

and other authorised
I intend to move out to the
persons
right or turn right.
ignals given by a police
officer, traffic warden, or
other authorised person
(for example, the authorised
personnel at tunnel areas or
control areas, or school
crossing patrols) take
precedence over all traffic
I intend to move out to the signs, road markings and
left or turn left. traffic light signals. Use your
common sense before relying
on signals given by any other
person.
t unctions when all traffic is
stopped by police officers or
traffic wardens, you must not
filter to the left or right until
they signal you to do so.
I intend to slow down or stop. Two-tone horns and sirens,
white, red or blue flashing
lights are used by
ambulances, fire engines,
police and other authorised
organisations in emergencies
to warn of their presence and
signal their right-of-way.
Drivers must give way to
emergency vehicles signalling
their right-of-way.

10
 The Language of the Road
Traffic Lights
Traffic lights control Traffic signs may also be used For some signalised unctions
movements of all road users. with traffic lights to qualify the with right-turn pockets (see
They tell drivers and meaning of the green light page 7 ), an indicative right-turn
pedestrians when to stop or such as banning a turning green arrow may be added.
go. Traffic lights for drivers movement or instructing traffic
and cyclists are illustrated on hen the full green light is on
that it must move in a certain
this and the following two and the right-turn arrow is off,
direction.
pages. Traffic lights for the right-turners can proceed
pedestrians are illustrated on into the pocket to wait for a safe
page 17. gap in the opposing traffic
If movement is allowed only in stream and turn right when it is
In the ma ority of cases, safe to do so. Other traffic
one direction, a green arrow
as well as the main traffic movements are allowed to
pointing in that direction may
lights at the topʼ line, there proceed.
replace the full green light.
are duplicate traffic lights
igns are often used with
known as secondary traffic hen the right-turn arrow is on
these signals to indicate this
lights. They are usually as well, it indicates the opposing
permitted movement
located on the opposite side traffic is stopped by red traffic
direction.
of the unction (or crossing), light and you can turn right if
but are sometimes placed on safe to do so.
the same side of the unction.
If the main traffic light fails, green arrow may light up t some unctions, different
for example, a green lamp even though the red light is traffic lanes may have
fails, you must obey the still showing. This means you separate traffic lights. ou
secondary traffic light as if it can go in the direction shown should only obey the traffic
were the main traffic light. by the arrow if it is safe to do lights that apply to your lane.
Once clear of the topʼ line so, whatever the other lights
you should continue with may be showing.
care, without reference to the
traffic lights. Intermittent red light hen red lights are flashing
warning signals (wig-wag) alternately, all approaching
vehicles must stop, until both
red lights have stopped
flashing. These lights are
used at places where traffic
is only stopped infrequently -
for example at fire station
exits.
106
 The Language of the Road
Traffic Lights for Drivers and Cyclists
What they mean What to do - if stationary What to do - if approaching
The green light means that o if way is clear. ive way to Cross carefully. Do not
you may move across the pedestrians still on crossing. accelerate before the lights.
unction or crossing provided efore you enter the unction,
that it is safe to do so. check right and left and
right again. ive way to
pedestrians who are still
on crossing.

The amber light follows the tay behind the topʼ line. low down and stop behind
green light. ou must stop the top line in the correct
unless you are so close to lane.
the unction or crossing that
to do so suddenly might
cause an accident.

The red light follows the tay behind the topʼ line. low down and stop behind
amber lights. ou must stop the top line in the correct
behind the topʼ line. lane.

The amber light comes on Remain stationary but may low down and do not move
while the red light is still on. prepare to move off. across the unction or
ou must remain stationary crossing until lights have
but you may get ready to changed to green.
move across the unction or
crossing when the green light
shows, provided that it is safe
to do so.
107
 The Language of the Road
Lane Signals
Lane signals in tunnel Lane signals on trunk roads/expressways Lane signals in tunnels
areas, control areas and
trunk roads/expressways green downward arrow, a green light or a
ane signals are often used in blank face means you may proceed in the
tunnel areas, control areas lane if it is safe to do so.
and trunk roads expressways.
In normal conditions, they are
switched off or show a green
downward arrow or a green
light. In the occurrence of
incidents, amber lights flash
and the signal shows what The flashing amber light warns of danger
action must be taken. ahead, for example, a traffic accident, an
obstruction or adverse weather conditions.
In most tunnels or on trunk Drive with caution and be prepared to stop.
roads expressways, the lane
signals are overhead, one
applying to each lane. In
some places, the signal is
on the roadside, central
reservation or on the tunnel green diagonal downward arrow pointing
wall alongside the traffic lane to the left (as shown) or right means you
or slip road to which it applies. must leave the lane in the direction shown.
Illustrated on the right are the Do not change lanes suddenly and do not
displays of the overhead lane move over unless it is safe to do so. If you
signals. reach the danger or obstruction or a red
light before you can safely leave the lane,
The lane signals are for safety. stop and wait in that lane until it is safe to
lways act on them - danger change lanes.
may be present even if you
cannot see the reason.
red cross or a red light means you must
not proceed beyond the signal in the lane.

108
 The Language of the Road
Signing System
ou can see many different
traffic signs and road
markings on the roads.
They give advance information
about road conditions ahead.
Road markings also give
orders, warning or guidance
to drivers and cyclists.
earn the meaning of these
signs and markings and look
Circular signs give orders Triangular signs give warnings Rectangular signs mostly There are a few exceptions to
out for them when on the
give directions or information the shape and colour rules.
road. ou will not then be
These give prominence to
surprised by a bend, a one-
certain signs, for example,
way road or a unction ahead.
the octagonal topʼ sign and
Drivers and cyclists should be
the inverted triangular ive
well prepared for the road
wayʼ sign.
condition ahead.
ost of the traffic signs and Signs that give warning
road markings are illustrated
in this chapter.

Signs that give orders

Traffic signs that give orders
are called Regulatory signsʼ.
They include all signs which
give notice of requirements,
prohibitions or restrictions.
They may be either mandatory
or prohibitory. These signs give warning of
prohibitory sign means that mandatory sign means that ha ards ahead. ost of them
Regulatory signs are usually something must not be done. something must be done. It is are triangular, with the apex at
circular in shape and may be It usually has a red border. usually blue in colour. the top. They are sometimes
supplemented by plates supplemented by rectangular
beneath them augmenting the plates giving additional
message given by the sign. information as may be
warning sign with
necessary.
supplementary plate 10
 The Language of the Road

Signs that give information Journey time indication The displayed digits on the Road markings
system ourney time indicators are
shown in three colours for
The ourney time indication
different traffic conditions:
system provides the ourney
red represents congested
time information of different
traffic, amber represents slow
routes and assist you to make
traffic and green represents
an informed route choice
smooth traffic.
before arriving at the critical
These signs normally give dvance direction signs and diversion points.
road users information or direction signs normally have
guidance about the route and a blue background but on
about places and facilities of expressways, they are green.
particular value or interest. hen the signs are for local
ost informatory signs are destinations or temporary Road markings are a special
rectangular in shape but signs diversions, they have a white type of traffic signs which are
giving route directions at a or yellow background marked on the surface of the
unction usually have one end respectively. road. ike traffic signs, they
pointed. can give orders, warning or
information. ometimes they
are used with traffic signs.
Variable message signs Speed map panels to provide real-time
traffic information and
peed map panel systems are
estimated ourney times. ou
installed in the ew Territories
can make use of the real-time
at critical diversion points of
information to choose the
strategic routes to owloon
most appropriate route.
ariable message signs give
general road information,
including traffic conditions Prismatic variable message
ahead and road safety signs are used at approaches
messages. to tunnels and ma or bridges
to give information on
temporary traffic arrangements
for diversions due to incidents
or adverse weather.

110
 The Language of the Road
Traffic Signs giving Orders

1. ive way to 2. top and 3. head only . eep left . Turn left 6. Turn left at 7. o stopping 8. o parking . o entry 10. One way
traffic on give way (keep right (turn right unction for all vehicles traffic
ma or road if symbol if symbol ahead
reversed) reversed) (turn right
if symbol
reversed)

11. ehicles 12. ehicles 13. o lane 1 . 1 . icycle 16. 17. ulti- 18. Cycling 1 . End of 20. ight rail
must stop at must stop at changing egregated tricycle route. egregated cycle ground. restriction cycling vehicles and
the sign the sign pedestrian o motor pedestrian o motor cyclists must restriction trams only
(sign used by (sign used by and bicycle vehicles route and vehicles dismount and
police) school tricycle route. multi-cycle push their
crossing o motor ground. o cycles
patrol) vehicles motor vehicles

30. Restriction does

21. Dual 22. Direction 23. 2 . 2 . One way not apply to vehicle
carriageway in which the Prohibition or Prohibition or road ahead classes shown to
ahead prohibition or restriction mandatory 26. o 27. End of 28. o 2 . End of pick up or drop off
restriction applies in order applies stopping ʻno stopping for public light passengers
applies both to vehicle during time stoppingʼ public light buses ʻno (wording may be
(symbol may directions class shown shown restriction buses during stoppingʼ varied to loading
be reversed) time shown restriction unloading goods)
111
 The Language of the Road

31. Pedestrian 32. ehicles 33. o motor 3 . o motor 3 . o motor 36. o buses 37. o public 38. o goods 3 . o motor 0. o left-
priority one prohibited as vehicles vehicles cycles and and coaches light buses vehicles vehicles turn ( o right-
indicated by except motor motor driven by turn if symbol
supplementary cycles and tricycles learner drivers reversed)
plate motor
tricycles

1. o U-turn 2. o 3. o . o . o use 6. o 7. o 8. o . o 0. o
pedestrians pedestrians, bicycles of horn overtaking vehicles over vehicles or vehicles over vehicles over
pedestrian and width shown combinations height shown gross vehicle
controlled tricycles (including of vehicles over (including weight shown
vehicles, bicycles load) length shown load) (including load)
and tricycles (including load)

1. o 2. peed 3. ariable . Prohibition . Prohibition 6. Prohibition 7. Prohibition 8. Time plate . Day plate 60. Time and
vehicles over limit speed limit does not apply or mandatory or mandatory or mandatory day plate
axle weight (in km h) (in km h) to vehicles order applies order applies order does
shown gaining access to vehicles to goods not apply to
(including to premises over the vehicles over vehicle classes
load) ad acent to the length shown the gross shown
road vehicle weight
(see page ) shown
112
 The Language of the Road

61. ength 62. End of the 63. eft lane shows bus lane 6 . Contra- 66. End of 67. End of 68. End of rail
over which prohibition, for franchised buses only 6 . eft lane shows bus lane flow bus lane bus lane tram only lane only lane for
the prohibition restriction or during the time shown for franchised and other for franchised light rail
or ha ard warning buses during the time shown buses only vehicles
exists

6 . o wind susceptible 70. ign marking start of 71. ign marking end of 72. o 73. ign when
vehicles (vehicles with an tunnel area tunnel area vehicles used with ign
overall height exceeding carrying 72 to indicate 7 . Parking place for specified
1.6m, motor cycles and dangerous the categories vehicle class or type shown on
motor tricycles) goods of of dangerous sign
specified goods
categories

7 . Parking place for

vehicles other than medium 76. Parking 77. Parking 78. Parking 7 . Parking 80. tart and 81. End of an 82. Taxi stand 83. Urban taxi
and heavy goods vehicles, place for place for place for place for continuation expressway stand used
buses, coaches, motor goods buses and motor cycles pedal cycles of an with ign 82
cycles and pedal cycles vehicles only coaches only only only expressway
113
 The Language of the Road

8 . ew Territories 8 . antau taxi stand, 86. Cross-harbour taxi 87. End of ew 88. End of antau 8 . reen 0. reen
taxi stand, used with used with ign 82 stand, used with ign 82 Territories taxis taxis operating minibus stop minibus stand
ign 82 operating area area

1. Red 2. Red 3. ehicle must . Time plate . Time plate 6. ard shoulder do not 7. ay-by, use in an
minibus stop minibus stand use the left most for taxi stand for public light use except in an emergency emergency
lane except when and taxis bus stand and
overtaking parking at public light buses
other times parking at
other times

8. Cyclists must dismount . ay out 100. o exit for 101. ay in for 102. o entry 103. utotoll 10 . utotoll
and use crossing to cross for vehicles vehicles vehicles for vehicles booth traffic lane
the road
( igns to 102 used at entrances or exits of car parks or
petrol filling stations)
11
 The Language of the Road
Traffic Signals giving Orders

1. top 2. top 3. o if . o but only . o, but 6. o, but 7. o, but 8. top . Traffic 10. Traffic light 11. top
behind the behind the way is in the turn left ahead only turn right behind the light signal signal for light rail behind the
top line top line clear direction of only only top line for trams vehicles only signals, when
and the left arrow unless only flashing
prepare to unsafe to alternately
start when do so
green light
shows

Lane
signals

12. Do not 13. Proceed 1 . Change 1 . Change 16. eave 17. eave 18. Do not 1 . arning 20. Proceed
proceed in this lane if it lanes to left lanes to right expressway at expressway at proceed signal slow in this lane if it
beyond the is safe to do next exit on next exit on beyond the down and is safe to do
signal in this so the left ahead the right signal in this prepare to so
lane ahead lane stop

Lane Pedestrian
signals signals

21. Drive with 22. o wind susceptible

caution and vehicles (vehicles
prepare to with an overall height
change lanes exceeding 1.6m in 23. Do not 2 . Cross 2 . Do not
or stop height, motor cycles cross with care start to cross
and motor tricycles)

11
 The Language of the Road
Traffic Signs giving Warning

1. top or 2. Distance 3. Distance . end to left . eft bend 6. Double 7. Dual 8. Round- . Road 10. Road
give way to ive wayʼ to topʼ line, ahead sign with bend ahead carriageway about ahead narrows on narrows on
ahead line, used with used with (right if symbol reduce speed first to right ends ahead right ahead both sides
ign 1 ign 1 reversed) now (symbol may (left if symbol ahead
(right if symbol be reversed) reversed)
reversed)

11. Reduce 12. owering 13. harp 1 . Traffic 1 . teep 16. teep hill 17. Use low 18. Use 1 . eep in 20. ingle file
speed now of speed limit deviation signals ahead hill upwards downwards gear low gear low gear traffic ahead
to that shown of route to ahead ahead for distance
ahead left (right shown
if symbol
reversed)

21. Cyclists to keep left 22. Cyclists to walk on steep 23. Traffic 2 . Pedestrian 2 . Cross roads 26. taggered 27. ide road to
road accident accident ahead unction ahead right ahead (left if
blackspot blackspot (symbol may be symbol reversed)
ahead ahead reversed)
116
 The Language of the Road

28. T- unction 2 . Traffic 30. erging 31. lip road 32. erging into 33. Overhead 3 . Disabled 3 . evel 36. uay- 37.
ahead merging from into main traffic merging main traffic on electric cable persons crossing with side or river Restricted
left traffic on right from left right ahead ahead barrier ahead bank ahead headroom
ahead
( ymbol may be reversed) erging traffic from slip road should give
priority to main traffic on expressway
(blue colour for trunk roads)

38. 3 . Children 0. Risk of 1. orses 2. Cattle 3. Fog or . us . us lane 6. us lane 7. us lane 8. Warning
Pedestrian ahead falling or ahead ahead mist ahead lane ahead ahead (Franchised ( ll buses) to
crossing fallen rocks (Franchised ( ll buses) buses) on on ma or pedestrians
ahead ahead buses) ma or road road ahead crossing
ahead road with
bus lane

. ight rail 0. ight rail 1. ight rail 2. 3. . Cyclists . Uneven 6. Road 7. Two-way 8. Two-way
vehicles or vehicle lane vehicle lane Pedestrians Cycleway ahead road surface hump ahead traffic across traffic ahead
trams ahead or tram lane or tram lane on or crossing ahead ahead a one-way
ahead on ma or road road ahead (cyclists on or road ahead
ahead crossing road
ahead)
117
 The Language of the Road

. Red light speed camera 60. Red light camera control 61. Plate used with ign 33 62. chool ahead, plate used 63. Playground ahead, plate
ahead one to state the safe height with ign 3 used with ign 3

6 . Distance as shown 6 . Red-on 66. White-on 67. mber-on

to ha ard the left edge the right edge the right edge
of a road of a single of the central
carriageway reservation of a
dual carriageway
( a ard markers - facing drivers to indicate the edge
of a carriageway or an obstruction near that edge)

118
 The Language of the Road
Temporary Signs and Road Markings
Temporary signs
Temporary signs are used to
give warning of temporary
ha ards, or information
or guidance about temporary
traffic arrangement. They can
1. Right lane 2. Right lane 3. eft lane . eft lane . Road 6. Divert to 7. eep right 8. ehicles
be regulatory, warning or
closed ahead closed ahead only ahead only ahead on works ahead another (keep left if may pass
informatory. Temporary
two-way road carriageway symbol either side to
signs are as important as
to right ahead reversed) reach same
permanent signs. ou should
(direction may destination
look out for them even if you
(Red bars in signs 1 to indicate that lanes are closed) be reversed)
are on a familiar road.
Temporary signs are usually
mounted on portable stands
but may also be found on
posts like permanent signs.
ome regulatory signs such
as topʼ and oʼ may be
manually operated. . Road 10. End of 11. Used with 12. Temporary 13. Temporary 1 . anually 1 . anually 16. anually
Temporary signs can be narrows on road works, ign to closure of sharp operated operated operated
used for temporary traffic left ahead used with indicate line lane or road deviation to top oʼ temporary temporary
arrangements for ma or (right if symbol igns 1 to painting left (right if sign ahead topʼ sign oʼ sign
events or if a section of road reversed) (wording may symbol
is closed because of an be varied to reversed)
emergency or road works. suit nature of
road works)
They can also be used for
warning of temporary road
conditions or for short-term
traffic control by the police.

17. Ramp or sudden change 18. Ramp or sudden change 1 .Temporary 20.Temporary 21.Temporary 22. Traffic
of road level ahead of road level traffic cone traffic cylinder o parkingʼ signals ahead
sign
11
 The Language of the Road

Diversion signs guide you

along an alternative route that
will re oin the normal route
after passing the closed road
or obstruction. Temporary
direction signs may be used 23. Road ahead 2 . Road closed to 2 . Temporary 26. Temporary 27. Used with 28. Temporary
for temporary routes or for closed to vehicles vehicles route for vehicles route for temporary traffic closure of
short-term events that likely pedestrians signals. ehicles pedestrian crossing
attract much traffic. Diversion must not proceed
signs and temporary direction beyond the sign
signs have a yellow when red light
background. shows.
ometimes a worded warning
sign may be used for specific
ha ard when there is no
suitable standard sign for
use. The signs are usually of
rectangular shape and have
a red background. 2 . Diversion 30. Temporary 31. Temporary 32. End of 33. lippery 3 . oose 3 . Uneven 36. low
ahead for all diversion for route for all diversion road ahead chippings road surface ( ign used by
Temporary road markings vehicles at all vehicles diverted traffic ahead ahead police in
distance emergency)
Temporary road markings may shown
also be used to delineate
carriageway edges or to
divide a carriageway into
traffic lanes (see pages 12
to 127).

37. arn of 38. Other 3 . Used with 0. ingle file 1. low, 2. Reduce
road surfacing danger ahead ign 38 traffic ahead road works speed now,
works (used with (wording may (wording may works ahead
(wording may plate to be varied) be varied to
be varied to describe the ingle track
suit specific ha ard) road )
ha ard)
120
 The Language of the Road
Direction Signs
Direction signs guide you Left: simple advance
to your destination. direction sign showing the
ll important traffic routes destinations.
have direction signs, most are Far right and right: The
blue with a white border, but advance direction signs may
signs on expressways are also show a simple map of
green. the unction layout the more
ost strategic trunk roads important the road from the
have route numbers shown unction, the thicker the line
on shields on direction signs, on the sign.
which enable motorists to
quickly find the most Left: dvance direction signs
convenient and direct route for a roundabout showing the
from one district to another. exit arrangement. Exit to
expressway or local
To change your mind in last destination is shown in
minute or hesitation in green or white background
choosing route at diverging respectively.
point is dangerous.
Understanding the direction Far right and right: t multi-
signing system, knowing well level unctions on roads with
in advance which route you faster traffic, information
need to take and following about the unction is usually
direction signs in good time given at least 00m in ( t 00m in advance)
will enable you to drive safely advance and repeated at the
and avoid unnecessary beginning of the deceleration
( t start of deceleration lane)
detour. lways plan your route lane.
before moving off (see the
Left: dvance direction signs
details of mobile applications
may also give advance
for ourney planning in Further
indications of prohibitions or
Reference aterialsʼ).
warning of dangers ahead.
Direction signs are normally
Far right and right: Lane
provided on the approach to
information may also be given
and at unctions. Those on the
on an advance direction sign
approach to unctions are
or marked on the road.
advance direction signsʼ.
121
 The Language of the Road
Traffic Signs giving Information

On busy roads, signs may be placed on gantries above the ymbols for the three cross-harbour tunnels are marked with E, C and to indicate the
roads. (The panel on the right indicates the lane to ha Tin directions to the Eastern arbour Crossing, Cross- arbour Tunnel and estern arbour
through a road tunnel.) Crossing respectively.
The arrow below the destinations points to the lane for these The arrow below the destinations points to the lane for these destinations, and you should
destinations, and you should select your destination and get select your destination and get in appropriate lane. The middle two lanes can equally lead
in appropriate lane. you to all destinations shown in the middle panel.

Chainage Direction sign Direction sign showing Direction sign to Direction sign for Pointed direction Route Continuation
marker to give showing exit destination and its expressway. local destination sign at unction number of expressway
position along number along associated exit Destination, route (black on white marks the turn to along with route
strategic strategic route number along number and background) the destination strategic number
routes (see strategic route expressway logo shown route
page 133) are shown.
(On ma or trunk roads, the signs are in blue background
on expressways, the signs are in green.)
ymbols may be
used on direction
signs to help you find
your route quickly or
direct you to a facility
Urban taxi ew Territories antau taxi such as parking Direction to Direction to airport Direction to
pick up and taxi pick up and pick up and place. The symbols parking place nearby hospital
drop off only drop off only drop off only may also appear on with accident
ive way to their own. and emergency
buses services
122
 The Language of the Road

Direction signs for cyclists

or pedestrians
Direction signs for pedestrians
or cyclists show a pedestrian Route for cyclists
or cycle symbol respectively Direction to hillside escalators Direction to subway
and are also blue in colour with
n international symbol of
a white border. They may also
accessibility may appear on
show some of the symbols
signs to indicate suitable
used on general direction signs
routes or entrances to
(see page 122). Route for pedestrians facilities for the disabled
Direction to ass Transit
Railway ( TR) tation
Informatory
signs

Carriageway o through o through o through 300m 200m 100m ign showing

narrows on road road on left road on right Countdown markers used to indicate the distance lane indication
right to an exit on the left side of a road arrows for each
(background lane or temporary
in green if on ( ackground in green if on expressway) lane closure at
expressway) ( ymbols may be reversed to indicate exit on right) unction ahead
Worded
informatory
signs

tart of dual Place for ign at start Private road For use by Prepare to top at Census point dvance
carriageway temporary of single track police at stop if Census warning of a
ahead stopping of road accident site signalled to pointʼ need for lane
vehicle to do so selection
allow others
to pass
123
 The Language of the Road
Road Markings giving Warning and Information

erbside
marking at
pedestrian
Transverse crossing
yellow bar Indicate to
marking pedestrians
Reduce speed direction
in approaching looking for
ane line Centre line arning line Warning Edge line of Edge line of Edge of the Edge of the exit to slip road approaching
hatched carriageway carriageway road at a road at a lay-by, roundabout traffic
Line dividing Line dividing Replace lane
marking (continuous) (broken) unction passing place toll pla a
traffic lanes two-way or centre line
or bus stop
traffic near a ha ard

Crossing area Remind Lane low - a ard et over to Entrance to us lane End of bus arking at tart of the
for drivers to information ahead the left (right if deceleration open for lane on left, end of bus speed limit as
pedestrians get into the marking lane on the vehicles open for all lane shown
appropriate reversed) left (right if turning left vehicles (right
lane marking of marking
reversed) reversed)

icycles and ulti-cycles eep clear ive way to

tricycles only only buses
12
 The Language of the Road
Road Markings giving Orders

Double white Double white Double white Double white erging Diverging atched tart of bus ight rail ard shoulder
lines lines with lines where the lines where the chevron chevron traffic island lane marking vehicle only for
hatching line nearest to line nearest to marking marking marking for with time lane emergency
Do not cross
you is solid you is broken two-way period shown use only
or drive on Do not cross
traffic
or enter Do not cross ay cross to
hatched area or drive on overtake Do not cross or enter hatched area

top line at top lines and markings at ive way lines and warning
traffic light topʼ priority unction marking at ive way priority
unction unction

12
 The Language of the Road

o stopping at any time o stopping at times shown o parking at any time Pedestrian crossing ellow striped markings at
on Time plateʼ or at times shown on light signal crossing
Time plateʼ (no stopping of vehicles over
the markings)

head only in Turn left in Turn right in head or turn head or turn Turn left or head, turn Parking space Parking space Parking space
this lane this lane this lane left in this lane right in this right in this left or turn marked with marked with for disabled
lane lane right in this lines road studs person with
lane parking
permit only

126
 The Language of the Road

ebra crossing including its ox unction marking do not Tram and orth-west Railway o parking on yellow hatched us stop area marked with
ive wayʼ lines and ebra enter unless exit is clear crossing box marking do not area lines
controlled areas (marked with enter unless exit is clear
ig ag lines) markings

Public light ight rail stop Tram stop uses only Trams only ight rail Taxi pick up utotoll
bus stand or (stop and vehicles only and drop off laneʼ guide
taxi stand give way to only mark
pedestrians
crossing to or
from tram)
127
 The Language of the Road
Strategic Route Numbers

Notes: For more information on strategic routes and their update, see ʻFurther Reference Materialsʼ.
128
 The Language of the Road

ong ong strategic routes, Route Route Route Route

including most trunk roads Aberdeen to Sha Tin Quarry Bay to Ma Liu Shui Sai Ying Pun to Yuen Long Chai Wan to Kennedy Town
and expressways, have route
numbers which enable drivers berdeen ong Chuk ang uarry ay Eastern arbour ai ing Pun estern Chai an Causeway ay
to quickly find the most berdeen Tunnel Crossing wun Tong Tateʼs arbour Crossing Container an Chai Central heung
convenient and direct route Causeway ay Cairn Tunnel a iu hui Port Cheung Tsing Tunnel an ai ing Pun
from one district to another. Cross- arbour Tunnel (to oin Route ) Tsing i Tai am Tunnel ennedy Town
Route number shields as well ung om owloon Tong Pat eung uen ong
as exit numbers are included ion Rock Tunnel ha Tin (to oin Route )
on direction signs to guide (to oin Route )
drivers. Chainage markers are
also installed at regular
intervals to advise your
Route Route Route Route
position along the strategic
Ngau Tau Kok to Tsuen Tseung Kwan O to West Tseung Kwan O to Kwai Sha Tin to Chek Lap Kok
routes.
Wan Kowloon Chung
ha Tin Tai ai Eagleʼs
Ten routes have been
gau Tau ok owloon ay Tseung wan O Tseung wan O Tseung est Tunnel Cheung ha
designated under the
ai Tak Tunnel ung om Tseung wan O- am Tin wan O Tunnel wun Tong an gong huen Chau
route numbering system. The
au a Tei ai Chi ok Tunnel Cha wo ing owloon ay ong Tai Tsing i am an Tunnel
three north-south routes
wai Chung Tsuen an owloon ay au a Tei in ham hui Po ai Chi Tsing a ridge Tung
(Routes 1, 2 and 3) pass
(to oin Route ) Interchange ok wai Chung Chung Chek ap ok
through the three cross-
(to oin Route )
harbour tunnels, and their
numbering sequence follows
the opening of the tunnels (i.e.
Cross- arbour Tunnel,
Eastern arbour Crossing and Route Route
estern arbour Crossing). New Territories Circular Shenzhen Port Area to
The six east-west routes Route Lam Tei
(Routes , , 6, 7, 8 and 10) hing un Tunnels Tai ai hen hen Port rea Tin
have sequences starting from ha Tin a iu hui Tai Po hui ai uen ong
south to north. The circular Fanling heung hui ok ighway
Route circumscribes the a Chau uen ong ung
ew Territories. Details of hui iu Tuen un ham
these ten routes are listed Tseng Tsuen an
on the right:

12
 Chapter 9 Children and Elderly People as Road Users
Children and Elderly People as Road Users
Children on the Road
Do not allow young children llow them plenty of time for ou should allow children Children as cyclists Riding multi-cycles
out alone on the road. lways their ourney so they do not to play only in safe areas.
ou must not allow children Riding of
go with them. If you cannot need to hurry, particularly Do not allow them to play on
under the age of 11 to cycle multi-cycles is
go, ask another adult to go when going to school. Try to the roadway or the pavement.
on a road without adult restricted to
with them. ou should always ensure that they do not forget Do not allow them to play supervision.
hold their hands and walk anything, as a worried or where they can easily reach certain
between them and the traffic hurrying child may not take a road or pavement, or where Children should be advised to designated
whenever you are on or near care. there is likelihood of moving or ride on cycle tracks and keep areas and cycle tracks as
a road or pavement. If you parked vehicles. Do not allow away from vehicular traffic. indicated by the sign above.
ou should set a good
cannot do this, use reins or them to carry out any other Do not allow any children to child under the age of 11
example when with children
secure them firmly in a activities, such as eating, cycle on the road until they must be accompanied by
by following the Road Usersʼ
pushchair or carry them. drinking, playing mobile have gained the skills to ride an adult so as to ride or
Code carefully and clearly so
Do not let them run onto the games, using a mobile phone, competently and safely, fully steer a multi-cycle in these
that they will learn the correct
road. listening to any audio device understood the driving rules, places.
and safe way to use the road.
or talking, when crossing the and are prepared to use and
Children up to the age of 11 For example, you should
roads. share the road with other road
(those before secondary teach your children how to
users.
school age) should still be apply the Road Crossing ever wait for children on
supervised on the roads, Code properly to cross the the other side of the road, ou should also ensure that
particularly the younger ones. road. for example when they are your children have put on
ou must hold their hands leaving school or a bus. suitable personal protective
hen using a pushchair, keep equipment, and the cycles
when crossing the road. If Children, excited to see you,
it away from the kerb suit their physical condition
they must go on their own, tell may dash across without
particularly when waiting to and are properly maintained
them not to cross unless all following the Road Crossing
cross a road, even though it (also see Chapter For
the traffic from any direction Code properly.
may be more difficult to see if Cyclistsʼ on rules and advice
has stopped or there is no
anything is coming. efore hen getting in or out of for cyclists).
traffic in sight. Do not allow
you cross to an island, make vehicles, let children get in first
them to make a ourney
sure it has enough space for and get out last. hen you
unless they can cope with any
both you and the pushchair. are dropping off a child alone,
dangers they might encounter.
If it is not, cross the whole wherever possible stop at a
road in one go when it is safe location where the child will
to do so. not have to cross the road.

130
 Children and Elderly People as Road Users

Teaching children the Child safety in private cars ou must not hold a child in
Road Crossing Code your arms or allow the child
Children are more vulnerable
to sit on your lap when you
The Road Crossing Code is in crashes. The best way to
are sitting in the front
a guide for all pedestrians. protect them from the impact
passenger seat. In an
owever, children need to of a crash is to put them in
accident, the child can be
be taught how to use it and the rear seats and in suitable
crushed between you and the
should not be allowed to go restraints (see page for
vehicle dashboard or thrown
out alone until they can fully more details of the use of seat
out of the vehicle.
understand and apply it belt and child restraining
correctly. The age at which devices). This will stop them If children are in someone
they can apply the Road from being thrown around or elseʼs car or if you are
Crossing Code will vary for out of the car. carrying a lot of children,
instance, many children suitable child restraints may
If you are the driver, it is your
cannot fully understand and not be available. In that case,
responsibility to ensure that all
apply those parts of the children should wear seat
passengers are belted up. For
Code requiring udgement of belts rather than not be
children, you have to ensure
speed and distance of restrained at all.
(a) any front seat passenger
approaching vehicles. under the age of 3 is securely oung children should be
Teaching children the Road fastened to the seat by means placed in the rear seats
Crossing Code, and the age of an approved restraint for and restraining devices
at which parents allow them children (equally applies if the appropriate to their age
to go out and cross roads child passenger sits in the rear and si e should be used
by themselves, should and such restraining device is (see further information on
therefore be suited to the available for use) and (b) any page ).
abilities of each child. front seat or rear seat
(For a full explanation of the passenger of or over 3 years
Road Crossing Code and of age but under 1 years old
how to apply it in different must wear a seat belt (or a
road and traffic situations, body restraining seat belt or a
see pages 8 to 20.) lap belt or a restraining device
for a young person) if such
seat belt is available for use.
uch seat belt must be
secured to anchorage points
of the vehicle other than on
the seat itself.
131
 Children and Elderly People as Road Users
Elderly People on the Road
Eyesight and hearing Elderly pedestrians Observe traffic condition Elderly passengers
deteriorate throughout adult carefully before crossing
efore you go out, it is a good On taking public transport,
life but udgement improves the road, and keep looking
idea to plan in advance a safe bringing along with bulky
with experience. owever, and listening for traffic while
route with proper crossing items may cause danger. The
this experience is not enough crossing
facilities such as footbridges, seats at bus stops or light rail
and the elderly people need
subways, signalised crossings If there is no proper platforms are provided for the
more time to cross the road
or ebraʼ crossings. Don t crossing facility, follow elderly while waiting. Chasing
safely to overcome slower
forget to bring along your the Road Crossing Code buses, public light buses, etc.
movements and less ability to
glasses, hearing aids and (see pages 8 to 20) to is very dangerous as people
avoid the unexpected. Even a
sticks, or get someone to cross the road and may fall down or forget the
relatively minor accident may
accompany you if necessary. danger of traffic on the road.
pose a serious threat to the It is dangerous to cross
ou are reminded to note the
elderly. This section gives the road by simply waving llow adequate time in
following in crossing the road:
some safety tips for the hands to stop the boarding and alighting of
elderly people in travelling. trictly follow traffic signals approaching traffic, or by vehicles, and pay attention to
and allow sufficient time to emerging from gaps of the possible great difference
cross the road. hen slow-moving or stationary in level between the ground
the reen man signal is vehicles. and the vehicle platform to
flashing, do not start to avoid losing balance.
cross but wait until the next
Once on board, sit on the
steady reen man shows.
closest priority seat and
ever cross when the Red
fasten seat belt, if available.
manʼ signal shows
Otherwise, hold the handrail
at all times to prevent loss of
balance.

132
 Chapter 10 Emergencies
Emergencies
Breakdowns and Emergencies
Breakdowns Ensure that you and your Breakdown inside tunnel Hard shoulders
passengers have kept away
If your vehicle breaks down, ou must switch off the
from the danger of passing
think first of your own safety. engine. witch on the ha ard
traffic, and that children are
witch on your ha ard warning lights immediately
kept under control.
warning lights immediately. and seek help from the police.
et your vehicle off the On some roads, usually tay in the car wearing seat
roadway if possible, such as expressways and trunk roads, belt and wait for assistance.
On some roads, usually
onto a lay-by, hard shoulder you can identify your location Follow the instructions of
expressways, a hard
or hard strip if available. by making reference to the tunnel officers or police
shoulder may be provided for
witch off the engine. ever nearest chainage marker (route officers.
emergency use. traffic sign
forget the danger of passing number, travel direction and
If there is smoke coming marks the beginning of a hard
traffic. chainage). Do not delay in
out or in the event of a fire, shoulder and a thick solid
obtaining assistance and do
eave your vehicle (by the you and your passengers white line marks the edge.
not leave the vehicle
left-hand doors) only if you are should leave the vehicle and ou must not drive, park or
unattended for a long period.
sure you and your passengers move to a safe location as stop onto a hard shoulder
Wait at roadside near the rear
can safely get clear of the soon as possible but do not except in an emergency.
of your vehicle where you can
roadway and have a safe place forget to watch out for moving hen re oining the normal
see the traffic coming but keep
to wait for help. nimals, if any, traffic. alk away from the traffic lanes, build up your
well away from the carriageway
should be left inside the vehicle direction of smoke. speed first on the hard
and hard shoulder (behind
(leaving some gaps in window shoulder and then look for
crash barriers if available).
for ventilation). If in doubt, you a safe gap in the traffic.
and your passengers should ( ee page 8 for rules on
remain in the vehicle and wear towing of vehicles.)
seat belts until the emergency
Chainage Markers chainage
services arrive. ou should
then inform the police by route number Chainage markers (at intervals hen on strategic routes,
mobile phone as soon as travel direction of 100m) are installed along you should give accurately
possible. ʼ north strategic routes and some the information shown on the
eneral trunk roads to provide nearest marker to the police,
ʼ south
If you have come out of your strategic information to motorists and fire ambulance towing
Eʼ east
vehicle, do not routes on their positions, including services in case of traffic
ʼ west
stay on the roadway, ʼ anti-clockwise the route number, travel accident or breakdown.
Route only direction and chainage along
ʼ clockwise
stand in front at the rear of the route (see the example on
your vehicle, or chainage the left).
route number
attempt to check or repair
travel direction
your vehicle on the
133
roadway.
 Emergencies
Warning other Drivers
arn other drivers of an Hazard warning lights Warning triangles If your vehicle could be an
obstruction by switching on obstruction to traffic, under
the four-way ha ard warning safe conditions, stand the
lights. Ensure that nothing warning triangle on the road,
blocks the ha ard warning preferably in the same lane,
lights from the sight of other at about 0 metres before the
drivers. If necessary, switch obstruction and on the same
on other lights or use any side of the road (see the
other means of warning diagram on the left). lways
approaching traffic. walk behind the roadside
crash barriers, if available.
If you have a red warning ou must turn on the ha ard
If the road is not straight or
triangle, display it at a suitable warning lights if your vehicle is Carry a suitable warning
level, stand the warning
place behind your vehicle to stationary on an expressway triangle for use in an
triangle where an oncoming
warn other drivers (see this or a road with a speed limit emergency or when your
driver will see it before coming
page). hen the obstruction exceeding 0 km h because vehicle breaks down on roads
to any bend or brow of a hill.
is cleared, do not forget to of a breakdown or an with speed limit up to 0 km h 50m
owever, if it is not safe for
remove any warning signs emergency to warn other to warn other drivers of your
you to do so, place the
ob ects placed on the road. drivers of your presence. vehicleʼs presence or other
triangle nearer the vehicle.
owever, on expressways or obstruction. The triangle
s a safety practice, you
roads with fast traffic (speed should have a red reflective hen the obstruction is
may also turn on the ha ard
limit exceeding 0 km h), or fluorescent surface so that cleared, do not forget to
warning lights when your
do not attempt to place it can be easily seen in all remove the warning triangle.
vehicle is likely to be a ha ard
a warning triangle or any conditions.
to other road users (e.g. when
warning ob ects on the
parking, carrying out
carriageway as it is a
temporary loading unloading,
dangerous action and the
or making sudden
ob ects placed may pose
deceleration because of
danger to other road users.
congestion ahead) whether
ust switch on your ha ard
the vehicle is stationary or
warning lights.
in motion.

13
 Emergencies
Traffic Accidents
If a traffic accident occurs, personal in uries, you must particularly on the head, see a Fire First aid
there are many things that report it in person to any doctor even if there are no
have to be done at once, and police officer or at the nearest external in uries.
there is more involved than police station as soon as
merely helping the casualties reasonably practicable but not Getting help
warning other drivers, later than 2 hours after the
sending for help and accident, unless you are
protecting the site from further incapable of doing so
accidents until the emergency because of in ury.
services arrive. ever forget
the danger of passing traffic. If any person is killed or
in ured, or there is serious Fire is one of the dangers For most people without any
What to do after a traffic damage to any vehicle or 999 following a traffic accident.
Put out lighted cigarettes or
first aid training, it is better to
do nothing and wait until
accident property in the accident, you
or any other person must not other fire ha ards, switch off medical help arrives. owever,
top if you are involved in a move or interfere with any ake an emergency call 999 your engine and warn others if further danger threatens, it
traffic accident when you are vehicle involved without the for the police, and request for to do the same. Check any may be necessary to help an
driving or riding any vehicle, permission of a police officer, fire and ambulance services leaking from the oil tank if in ured person. For advice on
including a cycle, even if your except to save life, put out a immediately. condition allows and it is safe what to do, see page 137.
vehicle is not damaged. fire or deal with any other ive the following information: to do so.
et some basic training in first
ou must stop, or remain emergency. If you have a suitable fire aid so you can be of some
exact location of the
stationary, if the accident If the accident only involves accident extinguisher, make sure you help to in ured people by
involves (a) personal in uries or slight damage to the vehicles know how to use it. giving them necessary first aid
(b) damage to third partyʼs or property without causing number and general safely and without causing
vehicle, property or animal. personal in ury, you may, condition of casualties Dangerous goods further risk to the in ured.
ou must give your name and having discussed with other number and type of If the accident involves a ou can learn first aid from
address, the name and drivers and the third party vehicles involved and vehicle containing dangerous the ong ong t. ohn
address of the vehicle owner involved, move the vehicle to goods, keep well away from mbulance or from the
and the vehicle registration a nearby safe place at the dangerous goods or fire
the vehicle unless you have to ong ong Red Cross First
number to any police officer or roadside so as not to cause ha ards, if any.
approach to save life. eware id Training Centre.
to anyone (such as the third any obstruction to traffic. It is of dangerous liquid, dust or
party involved) who has not necessary to report such Carry a clearly marked first aid
vapour concentration.
reasonable grounds for accident to the police unless kit. eep it in a place, such as
wanting them. If you fail to do there is a need to seek their ook for as much information a glovebox, where it can be
this in an accident involving assistance in handling the as possible from labels and located if needed. It may not
only damage to third party s accident. other markings and arrange be possible to open the boot
vehicle, property or animal, or for the police or fire brigade to of a car after an accident.
if the accident involves If you or any person received be told immediately.
a severe blow in the accident, 13
 Emergencies

Traffic accidents inside a Traffic accidents ahead Help others If you are at the scene of
tunnel hen you see a traffic a traffic accident, see
accident and wish to offer pages 137 and 138 for a
If you are involved in a traffic
help, first consider your own checklist on what to do
accident inside a tunnel,
safety and follow the advices and for advice on first
do not move your vehicle.
on page 13 . aid.
ou should follow the advice
for breakdown inside tunnel Do not leave your vehicle
on page 133. where it could become a
ha ard to other traffic. top at
the roadside at a safe
distance behind the accident
site and where your vehicle
arning signs used by can easily be seen. eave
emergency services at the room for emergency vehicles.
site of a traffic accident. low Use your ha ard warning
down to a speed, slower lights. t night you can light
than normal, at which you the accident site with your
can stop quickly and safely. headlamps.
Prepared to stop if signalled
to do so and give way to
emergency vehicles.

136
 Emergencies
In an Emergency
Checklist on what to do in an emergency
Warn other traffic Prevent fire Assess conditions Is there danger from
dangerous goods
witch on ha ard warning Impose a o smokingʼ ow many people
lights. ban. involved • Is there anybody present
with first aid training
Display a warning triangle, if witch off vehicle engines. ow many vehicles
available and safe to do so involved ocate first aid kits, if any.
Deal with other fire ha ards.
(except roads with speed
• Is anybody trapped inside
limit exceeding 0km h).
vehicles
witch on other lights and
Is there danger of fire from
use any other means, if
leaking fuel
necessary.

Get help Help the casualties If you need to move in ured Other action
people or they are having
Use any phone to dial Do not move in ured people elp unin ured people get
difficulty in breathing or are
to seek help with details of unless there is immediate out of their vehicles and to
bleeding heavily, follow the
location and casualties. danger. a safe place, if necessary.
advice on page138.
If they are breathing and tay at a safe place near
not bleeding heavily do the scene until emergency
nothing unless you are services arrive.
sure you know what you
are doing.

137
 Emergencies
First Aid on the Road – If You have no First Aid Training
See to unconscious people first Do not move injured
people unless there is
immediate danger. You
could make worse any
internal, back or neck
injuries.
If you are not sure what to do,
leave them well alone, but try
to help if they are having
difficulty in breathing or are
bleeding heavily.
Inside vehicle Mouth-to-mouth Outside vehicle To stop serious bleeding If conscious and breathing
resuscitation to start
Do not move the in ured Do not move the in ured ear a pair of rubber gloves ook for broken bones and
breathing
people unless there is people unless there is if available and apply very firm hidden in uries. ently support
immediate danger, for Roll the in ured people onto immediate danger, then hand pressure to the bleeding the in ured people in a
example a fire. his her back. upport the only move them a short point to stem the flow of position of least pain. void
neck so that the head falls distance to a safer place. blood. Use a pad or apply a unnecessary movement.
upport the head in case
back to open the airway. Do not allow his her neck sterile dressing and bandage
the in ured people passes People in shock pale and
Pinch the in ured peopleʼs to move. firmly.
out and chokes. sweating should lie down
nose shut and hold the mouth
Roll gently onto his her with legs raised, if possible.
Remove any food, debris, open. Cover the mouth with
side. ut only if they are not in ured
fluid or false teeth from the yours and blow out firmly to
or there is no risk of internal
mouth. inflate the lungs. Then release Remove any food, debris,
in uries.
nose and mouth. eep fluid or false teeth from the
If there is bleeding from
repeating until the in ured mouth. eep all in ured people,
mouth and nose then turn
people starts to breathe including those in shock,
gently to his her side. ook, listen and feel for
unaided. warm. Do not give them pain
breathing and chest
ook, listen and feel for relievers, alcohol, other drinks,
movement. If you cannot
breathing and chest food or cigarettes they may
detect breathing, try to
movement. If you cannot have internal in uries and will
restore the in ured people
detect breathing, try to require medical treatment.
by the mouth-to-mouth
restore the in ured people
resuscitation. ( ee column Reassure them confidently
by the mouth-to-mouth
mouth-to-mouth that help is coming.
resuscitation. ( ee column
resuscitation to start
mouth-to-mouth
breathingʼ)
resuscitation to start
138 breathingʼ)
Further Reference Materials
This section provides information on useful websites with further materials for reference. The contents of these websites do not form part of the Road Users Code.
1. Relevant Transport Department’s Website
Road Users’ Code Advisory Leaflets and Guidelines
The Road Users Code is available at the Transport Department s There are many road safety related guidelines, newsletters, leaflets,
homepage: pamphlets, etc. available at the Transport Department s homepage:
Transport Department s homepage Transport in ong ong Transport Department s homepage Transport in ong ong
Road afety Road Users Code Road afety . Examples are:
Relevant Codes of Practice afe Cycling uides
Cycling Information Centre
The following codes of practice are available at the
afe Cycling: Rules and Tips
Transport Department s homepage:
afe otoring uides
Transport Department s homepage Publications and Press Releases
Roundabouts
Publications Code of Practice
eat belts
Examples are: Drink Driving
Code of Practice for the oading of ehicles Drug Driving
Code of Practice for Private Roads Road afety ulletins
Strategic Routes and Expressways ewsletters, leaflets and pamphlets
ore information on strategic routes and their update: Transport Driving-offence points system
Department s homepage Transport in ong ong trategic Transport Department s homepage Transport in ong ong
Route, Exit umber and Chainage arker ystem Road afety afe otoring uidesʼ Driving-offence points
atest list of expressways: systemʼ
Transport Department s homepage Traffic otices otices on
Expressways Determination and Delineation of oundaries Guidelines for Right-driving Road
of Expressways In general, the Road Users Code contains the rules, advice and
information for all road users covering most road and traffic
Information on Driving and Vehicle Licences conditions, including the ong ong huhai acao ridge
Transport Department s homepage Public ervices ong ong ink Road. owever, users of the ong ong ink Road
icences Permits . Examples are: also need to fully understand and comply with the relevant legislation,
icences Permits rules and advice for right-driving road. ore information on the use of
Driving icences right-driving road is available at the Transport Department s
ehicle icences homepage:
Driving Tests Transport Department s homepage Transport in ong ong
Information on Vehicle Examination and-based Cross oundary Transport ccess to ong ong
huhai acao ridge ( ) ong ong Port
Transport Department s homepage Public ervices ehicle Type
pproval and Examination ehicle Examination . Examples are: Hong Kong eMobility
ehicle Examinations Transport Department s mobile application for ourney planning is
lterations and odifications to ehicle - DO s and DO Ts available at the Transport Department s homepage:
uidelines for dding on-factory uilt torage ox on otorcycles Transport Department s homepage Public ervices ll-in-one
Tyres and our afety obile pplication e obility 13
 2. Legislation 4. Further Advice from Highways Department
The legislation of ong ong are available at the ong ong The Code of Practice for
e- egislation website: the Lighting, Signing and
https: www.elegislation.gov.hk Guarding of Road Works
(published by the Highways
Department)
3. Relevant Websites of the Government Departments and Pass the vehicle on its left
ou can access the Code at
the Road Safety Council
the ighways Department s
Transport Department https: www.td.gov.hk homepage:
ong ong Police Force https: www.police.gov.hk ighways Department s
ighways Department https: www.hyd.gov.hk homepage Publications
Environmental Protection https: www.epd.gov.hk Publicity Publications
Department Technical Documents
Pass the vehicle on its right
Road afety Council http: www.roadsafety.gov.hk Code of Practice
for the ighting,
igning and
uarding of
Road orks

Flashing Arrow Sign Pass the vehicle on its right

The Code of Practice for the or left
ighting, igning and uarding
of Road orks advises those
responsible for road works to
use Flashing rrow ign to
warn drivers of the presence of
stationary or slowly moving
works vehicle and lane closure
on roads with speed limit of
70 km h or above. Drivers
should be alert and take special
care once seeing the sign at a ard (amber lights at
distance - suitably reduce diagonal corners are
speed and follow the arrow flashing alternately) - the
direction to change lanes and works vehicle intends to
pass the works vehicle carefully. change or is changing lane.
1 0
Further enquiry
For enquiries, please contact the Transport Department through 1823 as follows:
Telephone hotline 1823
Fax hotline 2760 1823
E-mail address [email protected]
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June
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2020Edition
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