PRACTICE QUESTIONS – 3

1 A true breeding pea plant, homozygous dominant for inflated green pods is crossed with another pea
plant with constricted yellow pods (ffgg). With the help of Punnett square show the above cross and
mention the results obtained phenotypically and genotypically in F1 generation?
2 The ‘egg’ of an animal contains 10 chromosomes, of which one is X chromosome. How many
autosomes would there be in the Karyotype of this animal?
3 Write the percentage of F2 homozygous and heterozygous conditions in a typical monohybrid cross?
4 What could be the percentage of phenotypes in a typical dihybrid cross?
5 With the help of a Punnett square, find the percentage of homozygous tall in a F2 population
involving a true breeding tall and a true breeding dwarf pea plant.
6 In Drosophila 2n =8, how many linkage groups are present?
7 How many types of gametes are produced by the individual with genotype AABBCCDD and
AaBbCcDd?
8 Make a cross between round yellow seeds and wrinkled green seeds and find out F2 ratios.
9 The map distance between in certain organism between gene A and B is 4 units, B and C is 2 units
and between C and D is 8 units. Which one of these gene pairs will show more recombination
frequency? Give reasons in support of your answer.
10 Study the Pedigree chart given below and answer the questions that follow:

(a) On the basis of the inheritance pattern exhibited in this pedigree chart, what
conclusion can you draw about the pattern of inheritance?
(b) If the female is homozygous for the affected trait in this pedigree chart, then
what percentage of her sons will be affected ?
(c) Give the genotype of offsprings 1,2,3 and 4 in III generation.
OR
(c) In this type of inheritance pattern, out of male and female children which one
has less probability of receiving the trait from the parents. Give a reason.
11 How many linkage groups are present in an organism with a diploid number of 18 chromosomes?
12 In a flowering plant, tallness is dominant over dwarfness, and red colour of flowers is dominant over
the white colour. When a tall plant bearing red flowers was pollinated with a dwarf plant bearing
white flowers, the different phenotypic groups were obtained in the progeny in numbers mentioned
against them:
Tall, Red = 138
Tall, White = 132
Dwarf, Red = 136

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 Dwarf, White = 128
Mention the genotypes of the two parents and of the four offspring types
13 Workout out a monohybrid cross upto F2 generation between two pea plants and two Antirrhinum
plants both having contrasting traits with respect to the colour of flower. Comment on the pattern of
inheritance in the crosses carried above.
14 A homozygous tall pea plant with green seeds is crossed with a dwarf pea plant with yellow seeds.
1. What would be the phenotype and genotype of F1 generations?
2. Work out the phenotypic ratio of F2 generation with the help of a Punnett square.
3. Mention the genotypic ratio of F2 generation of the same traits.
15 With the help of a Punnett square work out the distribution of phenotypic features in the first filial
generation after a cross between a homozygous female and a heterozygous male for a single locus.
16 In a monohybrid cross of plants with red and white flowered plants, scientist got only red flowered
plants. On self-pollinating these F1 plants got both red and white flowered plants in 3:1 ratio. Explain
the basis of using RR and rr symbols to represent the genotype of plants of parental generation.
17 A plant with red flowers was crossed with another plant with yellow flowers. If F1 showed all flowers
orange in colour, explain the inheritance.
18 Study the given pedigree chart representing the inheritance of Sickle cell anaemia in a family.
Choose the most appropriate option with regard to the genotype of the individuals marked P, Q, R, S.
a. P, Q and S can be heterozygous and R
is homozygous
b. Q, R and S are homozygous for
dominant allele and P is heterozygous
c. P, R and S can be heterozygous and Q
is homozygous
d. P, Q and R are homozygous for
recessive allele and S is heterozygous

19 In Snapdragon plants, red flower [R] colour is incompletely dominant over white [r], the
heterozygous condition being pink. Normal broad leaves [B]are dominant over narrow grass like
[b]leaves, heterozygous condition being intermediate. If a red flowered broad-leaved plant is crossed
with a white flowered plant having narrow leaves, what will be the appearance of offsprings of F1
and F2 generation?
20 Colour blindness occurs in about 8 per cent of males and only about 0.4 percent of females. Give
reason.

PRACTICE QUESTIONS – 4
21 State the Mendelian principle which can be derived from a dihybrid cross and not from monohybrid
cross.
22 Chromosomal disorders are genetic disorders caused due to absence or excess or abnormal
arrangement of one or more chromosomes. Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division
cycle results in the gain or loss of a chromosome(s) called aneuploidy. Sometimes, though rarely,
either an additional copy of a chromosome may be included in an individual or an individual may
lack one of any one pair of chromosomes. These situations are known as trisomy or monosomy of a
chromosome, respectively. Such a situation leads to very serious consequences in the individual.
a. What is the disorder caused due to the absence of one of the X chromosomes called?
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 b. Give an example each of disorders caused in humans due to trisomy of :
(i) autosome and (ii) x chromosome.
Write two features each of individuals with these disorders.
23 What are the possible blood types of the offsprings of a cross between individuals that are of blood
group AB and O.
a. A, B or O
b. AB or O
c. A or B
d. A, B, AB or O
e. A, B or AB

24 In a dihybrid cross, white eyed, yellow bodied female Drosophila was crossed with red eyed, brown
bodied male Drosophila. The cross produced 1.3 percent recombinants and 98.7 progeny with
parental type combinations in the F2 generation. Analyze the above observation and compare with the
Mendelian dihybrid cross.
25 In radish, long tuber[L] is incompletely dominant over spherical tuber [l]. The heterozygous condition
being oval. Red flower colour [R] is completely dominant over white [r]. what will be the appearance
of F1 and F2 plants when a homozygous red flowering plant with long tuber is crossed with a white
flowering plant producing spherical tuber. Explain with the help of a cross. [3 marks]

26 Study the given pedigree chart and answer the questions that follow:

(a) Is the trait recessive or dominant?

(b) Is the trait sex-linked or autosomal?
(c) Give the genotypes of the parents shown in generation I and their third child shown in generation
II and the first grandchild shown in generation III.
27 Parents with blood group A and B could potentially have offsprings with genotypes: [MCQ]
a. A b. B c. AB d.O e. All of the above

28 Aneuploidy of chromosomes in human beings results in certain disorders. Draw out the
possibilities of the karyotype in common disorders of this kind in human beings and its
consequences in individuals.
29 In radish, long tuber[L] is incompletely dominant over spherical tuber [l]. The heterozygous condition
being oval. In what ratios would you expect genotypes and phenotypes in the following cases?
a. Long x oval b.Spherical x oval. c.Oval x oval

30 A, B and C are three genes lying in a sequence on a chromosome. Between A & C, there is 11%
recombination and between B & C there is 5% recombination. How many map units are found
between A and B?

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31 Two genes ‘A’ and ‘B’ are linked. In a dihybrid cross involving these two genes, the F1 heterozygote
is crossed with homozygous recessive parental type (aabb). What would be the ratio of offspring in
the next generation?
32 Find out the probable blood groups from the following crosses.
a. IA IB x IA i
b. IA IA x ii
c. IB i x IA IB
d. IA IB x ii
e. IA IB x IA IB
f. IA i x IB i

33 Haemophilia is a sex linked recessive disorder of humans. The pedigree chart given below shows the
inheritance of Haemophilia in one family. Study the pattern of inheritance and answer the questions
given.

(a) Give all the possible genotypes of the members 4, 5 and 6 in the pedigree chart.
(b) A blood test shows that the individual 14 is a carrier of haemophilia. The member
numbered 15 has recently married the member numbered 14. What is the probability that their first
child will be a haemophilic male.? Show with the help of Punnett square.
34 Parents with blood group A and blood group B have four offsprings – two with O blood group, one
with B blood group and one with AB blood group. Work out the cross.
35 In Snapdragon plant, red flower colour is incompletely dominant over white, the heterozygous
condition being pink. write the flower colour of the following offsprings.
a. Rr x RR. b. Rr x rr
36 Give examples of:
a. Autosomal aneuploidy. b. Sex-linked blood disorder caused due to frameshift mutation
c. Monosomy of x
b. Autosomal blood disorder caused due to point mutation
37 Di$erentiate between aneuploidy and polyploidy.

38 Males are more a$ected with haemophilia than females. Give reason.

39 Compare and contrast Sickle cell anaemia and thalassemia.

40 Karyotype of a child shows trisomy of chromosome number 21. Identify the disorder and state
the symptoms which are likely to be exhibited in this case.

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 PRACTICE QUESTIONS – 5
41 Read the following and answer the questions given below:

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder where the body produces an abnormal hemoglobin
called hemoglobin S. Red blood cells are normally flexible and round, but when the hemoglobin
is defective, blood cells take on a “sickle” or crescent shape. Sickle cell anemia is caused by
mutations in a gene called HBB. It is an inherited blood disorder that occurs if both the maternal
and paternal copies of the HBB gene are defective. In other words, if an individual receives just
one copy of the defective HBB gene, either from mother or father, then the individual has no
sickle cell anemia but has what is called “sickle cell trait”. People with sickle cell trait (carrier)
usually do not have any symptoms or problems but they can pass the mutated gene onto their
children. There are three inheritance scenarios that can lead to a child having sickle cell
anemia: - 1. Both parents have sickle cell trait 2. One parent has sickle cell anemia and the
other has sickle cell trait 3. Both parents have sickle cell anemia

A If both parents have sickle cell trait, then there is _______________of the child having sickle cell
trait.

a. 25 % risk b. 50 % risk c. 75% risk d. No risk

B If one parent has sickle cell anemia and the other has sickle cell trait, there is __________that
their children will have sickle cell anemia and ___________will have sickle cell trait.

a. 25 % risk, 75% risk b. 50 % risk, 50% risk c. 75% risk, 25% risk d. No risk

The following statements are drawn as conclusions from the above data .

I. Patients with SCD (Sickle Cell Disease) are less likely to be infected with malaria.
II. Patients with SCD (Sickle Cell Disease) are more likely to be infected with malaria.
III. Over the years the percentage of people infected with malaria has been decreasing.
IV. Year 2000 saw the largest percentage di$erence between malaria patients with and
without SCD.

Choose from below the correct alternative.

a. only I is true b. I and IV are true c. III and II are true d. I and III are true

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D If both parents have sickle cell trait, then there is _______________of the child having sickle cell
anemia.

a. 25 % risk b. 50 % risk c. 75% risk d. No risk

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