1

BOTANY MSCQ,s BOOK

For

CSS , PMS & others Competitive Exams

By

Farhat Ulah Farooqi

Dedicated to My Beloved Parents

Mahr M. Usman CSP

Dr. Ms. Shesta Noor CSP

Big Brother Dr. M. Shahbaz UAF

Baba G Dr. Mansoor Hameed UAF

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ABOUT AUTHER

FARHAT ULLAH AROOQI

From
Chak No. 125. B/T.D.A Layyah Tehseel & Dist. Layyah

Studied at Government High School

Chak No. 125. B/T.D.A Layyah

Inter At Govt Postgraduate College Layyah

Graduation Bsc B+Z+C in G.C.L (BZU)

Master in Botany frm UAF Pakistan

Having many certificates from colleges & BZU Multan

Also win the certificate {Winner of the Year} 2010

Remaining special Honorable Member of IUABZU Multan 2012

Member of Educational & Professional Endowment Lahore (2015-2016)

Distt. I.B Officer D.I. Khan 2497

Specialist Current affairs Study

Member of TOPPERZ {2016-2018}

FPSC Civil Bereau 2016

Mailing Addresses

[email protected]

Social media;;;;;;;;;;; [email protected]

0321-6761266
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Bismillah-ir-Rahman-irRaheem

BOTANY MSCQ,s
Algae

1. Agar-Agar is obtained from

a) Gelidium*

b) Polysiphonia

c) Fucus

d) Laminaria

MCQ on Algae

2. Plants which are not differentiated into roots, stem and leaves are grouped under

a) Gymnosperms

b) Pteridophytes

c) Thallophytes*

d) Spermatophytes

3. Which are the most primitive group of algae

a) Blue green algae*

b) Red algae

c) Brown algae
 4

d) Green algae

4. Iodine is obtained from

a) Ulothrix

b) Ectocarpus

c) Laminaria*

d) Oedogonium Laminaria

Clue: Identify the Algae

5. Which of the following is the most advanced group of algae

a) Cyanophyta

b) Rhodophyta

c) Phaeophyta*

d) Chlorophyta

6. Which of the algae is responsible for red colour of red sea

Red sea

a) Chlamydomonas brauii

b) Trichodesm*ium erythrium*

c) Ulothrix zonata

d) None of the above

 5

7. One of the following is present in blue green algae

a) Starch

b) Cyanophacean granule*

c) Any polysaccharide

d) Floridian starch

8. Ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen is found in

a) Leaves of some crop plants

b) Chlorella

c) Some marine red algae

d) Some blue green algae*

9. Origin and evolution of sex in algae is best seen in

a) Blue green algae

b) Green algae*

c) Red algae

d) Brown algae

10. Kelps is obtained from

a) Algae

b) Marine algae*
 6

c) Aquatic algae

d) Lichens

11. Algae differ from Riccia ana Marchantia in having

a) Multicellular body

b) Multicellular sex organs

c) Pyrenoids in the cell*

d) Thalloid body

12. Heterocysts are Anaebaena

a) Green and thin walled

b) Green and thick walled

c) Colourless and thin walled

d) Colourless and thick walled*

13. Zygotic meiosis is a characteristic feature of

a) Algae*

b) Bryophytes

c) Pteridophytes

d) Gymnosperms

Zygotic Meiosis
 7

14. Cephaleoures is

a) An epiphytic green algae

b) A parasitic green algae*

c) A fresh water green algae

d) A colourless red algae

15. Sargasso sea is named after an algae Sargassum which is a

a) Green algae

b) Brown algae*

c) Red algae

d) Blue green algae

Fungi

1. Fungi can be stained by

a) Saffranine

b)Cotton blue*

c) Glycerine

d) Lactophenol

2. Fungi usually store the reserve food material in the form of

a) Starch
 8

b) Lipid

c) Glycogen*

d) protein

3. Fungi can be distinguished from algae in fact that

a) Cell wall is cellulosoic cell wall and chlorophyll is absent

b) Nucleus is present

c) Mitochondria are absent

d) Cell wall is chitinous and chlorophyll is absent*

Ergot

Clue: Ergot is obtained from ?

4. Ergot is obtained from

a) Rhizopus

b) Claviceps*

c) Albugo

d) Phytomonas

5. One of the following is a predatory fungus

a) Arthrobotrys*

b) Puccinia
 9

c) Fusarium

d) Alternaria

6. Fungi producing usually eight spores in a sac like structure belong to

a) Phycomycetes

b) Ascomycetes*

c) Basidiomycetes

d) Deuteromycetes

MCQ on Fungi - mushroom

7. One of the following is a heteroceous fungus?

a) Albugo

b) Phytophora

c) Puccinia*

d) Ustilago heteroceous fungus

8. In some parasitic fungi a globular or hook like structure is formed at the point of contact with
the host. This is known as

a) Haustoria

b) Appresorium*

c) Hold fast

d) Hook
 10

9. Fungi which grow on dung are termed as

a) Coprophilous*

b) Terricolous

c) Sacxicolous

d) Saxiphilous

10. The fruiting body of Aspergillus is called

a) Apothecium

b)Perithecium

c) Cleistothecium*

d) Hypanthodium

11. All fungi are

a) autrophs

b) Saprophytes

c) Parasites

d) Heterotrophs*

12. One of the common fungal diseases of man is

a) Cholera

b) Plague
 11

c) Ringworm*

d) Typhoid

13. Aflatoxin is produced by

a) Bacteria

b) Virus

c) Fungi*

d) Nematode

14. Yeast is unlike bacteria in being

a) Unicellular

b) Multicellular

c) Prokaryotic

d) Eukaryotic*

15. “Perfect stage” of a fungus means

a) When the fungus is perfectly healthy

b) When it reproduces asexually

c) When it forms perfect sexual spores*

d) None of these
 12

Angiosperms Morphology

Plant Morphology

1. Angiosperms differ from gymnosperms in having

a) Fruits*

b) cotyledon

c) tracheids

d) broad leaves

2. If seed is defined as an ovule modified as a result of fertilization, one may expect to find seed
in

a) all vascular plants

b) angiopsperm only

c) gymnosperm only

d) phanerogams*

3. The branch of botany that deals with the form of the plant is known as

a) physiology

b) anatomy

c) morphology*

d) cytology
 13

4. The roots which develop from any portion of the plant except the radical are known as

a) tap roots

b) stilt roots

c) fibrous roots

d) adventitious roots*

5. The arrangement of leaves on branches

a) Phyllotaxy*

b) vernation

c) venation

d) phytotaxy

6. Red root is another name of

a) beet root*

b) sugar cane root

c) potato root

d) none of the above

7. Branches of stem are

 14

a) exogenous in origin*

b) endogenous in origin

c) partially endogenous and partially exogenous

d) superficial

8. Leaf less stem of onion which is produce to bear flowers is called

a) peduncle

b) rachis

c) floral axis

d) scap*

9. Phyllode is nothing but a leaf modification meant for photosynthesis is an adaptation

a) xerophytic*

b) hydrophytic

c) mesophytic

d) thallophytic

10. Thick and woody climbers are called as

a) suckers

b) climbers

c) lianas*
 15

d) creepers

11. Parallel venation are found in

a) monocots*

b) dicot stem

c) dicot root

d) none of these

12. Angiosperm differ from the gymnosperms

a) in having compound leaves

b) being evergreen

c) being smaller in size

d) in having ovules enclosed in ovary*

13. Which of the following feature distinguish a monocot from a dicot plant

a) phyllotaxy

b) venation*

c) vernation

d) aestivation

14. The axillary buds arise

 16

a) endogenously from the pericycle

b) endogenously from the main growing point

c) exogenously from the inner cortical layers*

d) exogenously from the epidermis

15. Bulb is a modification of

a) root

b) stem*

c) radicle

d) plumule

Angiosperms Embryology

1. Double fertilization is characteristic of

a) Gymnosperms

b) Angiosperms*

c) Monocots

d) Bryophytes
 17

2. In angiosperm endosperm is

a) Haploid

b) Diploid

c) Triploid*

d) None of the above

Porogamy 3.

Porogamy is

a) Fertilization in which pollen tube enters the ovule through integument

b) Fertilization without pollen grain

c) Fertilization in which pollen tube enters the ovule through chalaza

d) Fertilization in which pollen tube enters the ovule through micropyle*

4. Monosporic eight nucleated female gametophyte is found in

a) Adoxa

b) Onion

c) Fritillaria

d) Polygonum*

5. In angiosperm the free nuclear divisions take place during

a) gamete formation

b) flower formation
 18

c) endosperm formation*

d) embryo formation

6. The name perisperm is given to the

a) remnant of the nucellus*

b) peripheral nucellus

c) disintegrated antipodals

d) disintegrated synergids

7. An embryo may sometimes develop from a cell of an embryo sac other than the egg. This is
called

a)Apospory

b)Parthenogenesis

c) Parthenocarpy

d) Apogamy*

8. Double fertilization was discovered by

a) Hofmeister

b)Leenuwenhoeck

c) Nawaschin*

d) Hooke
 19

9. After fertlilization the seed coat develop from

a) Chalaza

b)Ovule

c) Embryosac

d) Integuments*

10. Amphimixis in plants means development not a plant

a) From fusion of two gametes*

b) without fusion of gametes

c) from stem cuttings

d) from root cuttings

11. One of the following shows one celled suspensor

a) Wheat*

b) Petunia

c) Hedera

d) Solanum

12. Which of the following statements is true for the pollen tube?

a) It shows only tip growth*

b) it is composed of three non cellular zones

 20

c) it shows chemostatic movements

d) it shows radial cytoplasmic streaming

13. In the anther wall

a) Tapetum lies just inner to the endothecium

b)endothecium lies inner to the middle layers

c) tapetum lies next to the epidermis

d) middle layers lie between endothecium and tapeum*

14. Fertilization is the process of

a) Transfer the pollen from anther to stigma

b) Fusion of one male gamete with the egg*

c) Formation of seed from ovule

d)Fusion of male nucleus with polar nuclei

15. In flowering plants meiosis occurs at the time of

a) germination of seed

b) formation of buds

c) formation of root primerdia

d) Formatation of pollen grains *

 21

Angiosperms Flower

Flower

1. A characteristic of angiosperm is

a) root

b) seed

c) flower*

d) all of the above

2. A flower with essential and non-essential whorls

a) incomplete

b) irregular

c) sessile

d) complete*

3. A bisexual flowers which never open in its life span is called

a) homogamous

b) heterogamous

c) polygamous

d) cleistogamous*

4. Which of the following is not a single flower

a) China rose

b) Petunia
 22

c) Sun flower*

d) holy hope

5. Plants which flower only once in their life is

a) Polycarpic

b) Monocarpic*

c) cleistocarpic

d) pericarpic

6. Third whorl in flower is of

a) petal

b) sepal

c) stamen*

d) pistil

7. Flower is a modified shoot because

a) in some flowers thalamus become elongated and shows distinct nodes and internodes*

b) flowers aggregate to form inflorescence

c) epicalyx is present in some flowers

d) essential organs are present in some flowers

8. In monoecious plants

a) male and female parts are borne by the same plant but not by the same flower*

b) male and female parts are borne by the same flower

c) male and female parts are borne by the different plant

 23

d) none of the above

9. A flower is said to be complete when it has

Complete Flower

a) corolla

b) androecium and gynoecium

c) calyx and corolla only

d) all the four whorls*

10. The perianth is the term used when

a) androecium and gynoecium are similar

b) calyx and corolla are similar*

c) androecium and calyx are similar

d) gynoecium and corolla are similar

11. A flower is brightly coloured, scented and secrete nectar. It is most probably

a) pollinated by insects*

b) sterile

c) pollinated by wind

d) an insectivorous plant

12. Protandry is the situation when

a) anthers and stigma mature at the same time

b) anthers mature later than the stigma of the same flower

c) anthers mature earlier than the stigma of the same flower*

 24

d) anthers of the flower pollinate the stigma of the same flower

13. In a bisexual flowers when the gynoecium matures earlier than the androecium it is called

a) protogyny*

b) Protandry

c) autogamy

d) heterogamy

14. In which of the following plants do the male and female flowers occur in the same individual
 25

pumpkin

gram

c) rose

d) hibiscus

15. In a flower, when the ovary is situated on the torus above all other floral whorls, the flower is
said to be

a) perigynous

b) epigynous

c) inferior

d) hypogynous*

Gymnosperms

gymnosperms

1. In which of the following group would you place a plant which produce seeds but lacks flower

a) Fungi

b) pteridophytes

c) bryophytes

d) gymnosperms*

2. A gymnospermic plant

a) bear flower

b) exhibit no vascular tissue

 26

c) produce seeds in cones*

d) does not produce seeds in cones

3. Megasporophyll is the term used in gymnosperm to denote

carpels

*stamens

c) leaves

d) female cone

4. The megasporium is also known as

a) ovule

b) nucellus*

c) fruit

d) micropyle

5. Perisperm is

a) outgrowth of the outer integument

b) surviving nucellus in the seed*

c) outgrowth of funicles

d) all of these
 27

6. Gymnosperm differ from angiosperm

a) having seeds

b) having fruits

c) having naked ovules*

d) none of these

7. Alternation of generation is exhibited by

a) bryophytes

b) pteridophytes

c) gymnosperms

d) all plants*

8. In which of the following feature angiosperm resemble gymnosperm

a) presence of ovules

b) presence of vessel*

c) nature of endosperm

d) mode of fertilization

9. Endosperm in gymnosperm is formed

a) at the time of fertilization

b) before fertilization*
 28

c) after fertilization

d) along with the development of embryo

MCQ on Gymnosperms

10. In gymnosperm pollination is exclusively by

animals

wind*

c) insects

d) water

11. Phloem of gymnosperm differ from angiosperm in

a) having parenchyma

b) having no companion cells*

c) having no sieve tubes

d) having no sclerenchyma

12. Largest sperms are found in

a) Pinus

b) Cedrus

c) Cycas*

d) Gnetum
 29

13. Zooidogamy is seen in

a) Cycas*

b) Gnetum

c) Pinus

d) angiosperm

14. Coralloid roots are found in

a) Cycas*

b)Pinus

c) Dryopteris

d) Lycopodium

15. The most advanced order in gymnosperms

Gnetum

a) Cycadales

b) Coniferales

c) Gnetales*

d) Taxales

e)

Stelar System in Pteridophytes

 30

1. Stele includes

Stelar system in Plants

a) Vascular tissue

b) Vascular tissue and pith

c) Vascular tissue, pith and pericycle*

d) Vascular tissue, pith, pericycle and endodermis

2. Simplest stele is

a) Protostele*

b) dictyostele

c) stenostele

d)plectostele

3. Most primititive type of stele found in pteridophytes is

a) dicytostele

b) solenostele

c) siphonostele

d) protostele*

4. Protostele is stele divided into many parts

Protostele
 31

a) Angiosperm stele

b) Stele divided into many parts

c) Latent stele

d) Early stele with central solid xylem surrounded by phloem*

5. Pith is absent in

a) siphonostele

b) solenostele

c) dictyostele

d) protostele*

6. The vascular supply given from the main single stele for leaf is called

a) leaf gap

b) branch trace

c) leaf trace*

d) leaf width

7. Foliar gap in vascular cylinder of fern is

a) Parenchymatous zone*

b) Air spaces

c) Exclusively xylem area

 32

d) Exclusively phloem area

8. Amphiphloic siphonstele occurs in the stem of

Amphiphloic siphonstele

a) Pteris

b) Lycopodium

c) Marsilea*

d) Lycopodium

9. Polystelic condition is found in

a) Rachis of Pteris

b) Stem of all species of Selaginella

c) Stem of Selaginella wildenowii*

d) Roots of Dryopteris

10. Meristeles are found in

a) Pinus needle

b) fern leaf

c) Cycas stem

d) Fern Rhizome*

Inflorescence

Inflorescence
 33

1.An inflorescence in which flowers arise from different point but reach at same point is known
as

a) catkin

b) spadix

c) umbel*

d) cymose

2. In raceme the flowers are

a) arranged in basipetal succession

b) arranged in acropetal succession*

c) of separate sexes

d) of the same sexes

3. A spike of unisexual flower is found in

a) wheat

b) onion

c) mulberry*

d) fig

4. In onion the inflorescence is

a) raceme
 34

b) corymb

c) catkin

d) umbel*

5. In musaceae the inflorescence is

a) spadix*

b) spike

c) head

d) none of these

6. The inflorescence in Mimosa pudica (touch me not plant) is

Mimosa pudica

a) umbel

b) corymb*

c) spike

d) globose head

7. Hypanthodium is a characteristic inflorescence of

a) mulberry

b) Ficus*

c) Poinsetia
 35

d) pine apple

8. The inflorescence in Dorstenia

a) amentum

b) coenaanthium*

c) anthodium

d) rhiphodium

9. When dichasial cyme ends into monochasial cyme the inflorescence is

a) uniparous

b) biparous

c) cincissus

d) vericillaster*

10. Dichasial cyme is seen in

a) Ixora*

b) Begonia

c) Calotropis

d) Bignonia

11. Cyathium is found in

 36

a) Ficus

b) Morus

c) Euphorbia*

d) Dorstenia

12. Helicoid cyme is found in

Helicoid Cyme

a) Dianthus

b) Hamelia*

c) Leucas

d) Hibiscus

Sunflower

13. The characteristic inflorescence of the family compositae

a) head or capitulam*

b) cymose

c) racemose

d) verticillaster

14. The inflorescence of Anthurium

 37

a) spike

b) racemose

c) hypanthodium

d) spadix*

15. The most important function of an inflorescence is to help in

a) dispersal of seeds

b) release of pollen grains

c) attracting insects for cross pollination*

d) forming large number of fruits

Bryophytes

Bryophytes

1. Which of the following is the amphibian of the plant kingdom?

a) Pteridophytes

b) Bryophytes*

c) Gymnosperms

d) Angiosperms

2. The unique feature of bryophytes compared to other green plant group is that

a) They produce spores

b) They lack vascular tissue

c) They lack roots

 38

d) There sporophyte is attached to the gametophyte*

3. Which group of plant constitute the lower bryophytes

a) Liverworts*

b) Mosses

c) Anthoceratles

d) Jungermaniales

MCQ on Bryophytes (FUNARIA)

4. Liverworts are closely related to

a) Algae

b) fungi

c) Lichen

d) Mosses*

5. The first land inhabitant plants are

a) Pteridophytes

b) Bryophytes*

c) Gymnosperms

d) Angiosperms
 39

6. The only positive evidence of aquatic ancestry of bryophyte is

a) Thread like protonema

b) Green colour

c) Some forms are still aquatic

d) Ciliated sperms*

7. To which group would you assign a plant which produces spores and embryos, but lacks seed
and vasculature

a) Algae

b) Fungi

c) Pteridophyte

d) Bryopyte*

8. Which is wrong in respect to bryophytes?

a) Water is essential for fertilization

b) Presence of archegonia

c) Presence of ciliated sperms

d) Presence of autotrophic independent sporophyte*

9. Conducting tissue in moss is made up of

a) Xylem and phloem

 40

b) Xylem

c) Collenchyma

d) Parenchyma*

10. Which of the following is diploid in moss plant

a) Spore

b) Leaves

c) Spore mother cell*

d) Gametes

11. A specialised organ of the sporophyte for attachment to the gametophyte is called

a) Stalk

b) Foot*

c) Apophysis

d) Root

12. If the chromosome number in the leaf of Funaria is 20, what will be the chromosome number
in the spores

a) 20*

b) 40

c) 10

d) 5
 41

Funaria

13. The protonema is a stage in the life cycle of

a) Riccia

b) Funaria*

c) All bryophytes

d) Cycas

14. If the leaf of Funaria has 5 chromosomes, the primary protonema will have

a) 10

b) 5*

c) 15

d) 20

15. Bryophyte differ from pteridophytes in being

a) Non-vasculature*

b) Seeded

c) Vasculature

d) Sporophytic
 42

Abscisic acid (ABA)

1. Which of the following hormone is a growth inhibitor

a) IAA

b) 2ip

c) GA3

d) Dormin*

2. Abscisic acid is also called as

a) abscisin I

b) abscisin II

c) dormin

d) all of the above*

3. ABA regulates

a) flowering

b) dormancy*

c) ripening

d) etiolation

4. The active form of ABA is

a) (+) cis ABA*

 43

b) (+) 2-trans ABA

c) (+) cis 2 trans ABA

d) (+) trans ABA

5. The precusrsor of ABA is

a) Violaxanthin*

b) methionine

c) tryptophan

d) carotenoids

6. Which of the following is a bioassay for ABA

a) chlorophyll preservation test

b) triple pea test

c) rice seedling growth inhibition test*

d) excised radish cotyledon enlargement test

7. All the following are functions of ABA except

a) induce dormancy

b) enhances abscission

c) involved in stress response

d) cell elongation*
 44

8. ABA stimulates release of

a) auxin

b) ethylene*

c) cytokinin

d) GA

9. During water stress rise in ABA levels initially cause

a) stomatal opening

b) stomatal closure*

c) reduced transpiration

d) increased transpiration

10. Transport of ABA takes place through

a) xylem

b) phloem

c) endodermis

d)both a and b*

11. ABA is an

a) antiauxin

b) anticytokinin
 45

c) antigibberelin*

d) ethylene inhibitor

12. Which of the following hormone functions as an anti-transpirant

a) auxin

b) cytokinin

c) ABA*

d) ethylene

13. ABA is also called as

a) stress hormone

b) ripening hormone

c) growth hormone*

d) none of these

14. High levels of ABA are synthesized in

a) tissues undergoing cell division

b) tissues undergoing cell elongation

c) tissues undergoing stress*

d) tissues undergoing ripening

 46

15. ABA synthesis begins in

a) cytoplasm and chloroplast

b) chloroplast and amyloplast

c) cytoplasm and amyloplast

d) chloroplast and amyloplast*

Kingdom

This quiz is designed to assess your basic knowledge in ‘plant kingdom'. Questions come under
‘medium’ category. Choose the best answer from the four options given. When you've finished
answering as many of the questions as you can, scroll down to the bottom of the page and check
your answers by clicking ' Score'. Percentage score will be displayed along with right answers.

plants

1. Which of the following plant kingdom is called as

amphibians thallophyta pteriodophyta tracheophyta bryophyta

2. A plant having seed but lacking flowers and fruits

belongs to pteridophyte bryophyte mosses gymnosperms

3. The plant group that possess spores and embryo but

lacks vascular tissues and seeds are pteridophyte rhodophyta

bryophyta phaeophyta

4. Plant group with largest ovule, largest tree and largest

gametes pteridophyte angiosperms gymnosperms bryophytes

 47

5. Plants reproducing by spores such as mosses and ferns

are grouped under the general term cryptogams sporophytes

bryophytes thallophytes

6. Most primitive vascular plants are kelps mosses cycads

ferns

7. Pteridophytes differ from mosses in having dependent

gametophyte

independent and dominant sporophyte

independent gametophyte flagellate

antherozoids

8. Angiosperms have dominated land flora primarily

because of their nature of self pollination power of adaptability

in diverse habitats property of producing large numbers of seeds

domestication by man

9. In which of the following would you place the plants

having vascular tissue lacking seeds pteridophyte angiosperms

bryophyte gymnosperms

10. Which of the following is without exception in

angiosperms presence of vessels double fertilization secondary

growth autotrophic nutrition

 48

Monera

1. Kingdom Monera consist of

a) Prokaryotes*

b) Eukaryotes

c) Archaebacteria

d) None of these

2. Some bacteria thrive extreme environment conditions such as absence of oxygen, high salt
concentration, high temperature and acidic pH. Name them

a) Cyanobacteria

b) Eubacteria

c) Archaebacteria*

Bacteria

Bacteria

3. A common character found in cyanobacteria and eubacteria is

a) Cell wall being composed of Peptidoglycan*

b) Occurrence of oxygenic photosynthesis

c) Presence of photosynthetic lamellae

d) Presence of gas vacuoles

 49c

d)
4. The bacteria were first observed in the year 1675 by

a) Carolus Linnaeus

b)Alexander Fleming

c) Anton Von Leenuwenhock*

d) Robert Brown

5. Bacteria are classified on the basis of

a) Method of reproduction

b) Nucleus

c) Cell wall*

d) pigments

6. Bacteria without flagella are known as

a) Atrichous*

b) Peritrichous

c) Lophotrichous

d) Monotrichous

7. The cells of cyanobacteria and bacteria exhibit similarly in having

 50

a) Plastids

Nuclei

DNA*

Centrosome

8. Bacteria do not need sunlight to grow because

a) They prepare their food without the help of light

b) They do not like sunlight brightness

c) Due to the absence of chlorophyll they are incapable of manufacture their own food*

d) They use other kinds of light for manufacturing their own food.

9. Organism a regarded as “Joker’s in microbiological park”

a) Bacteria

b) Virus

c) Mycoplasma*

d) Rickettsie

10. Who discovered conjugation in bacteria?

a) Arber and Smith

b) Lederberg and Tatum*

c) Jacob and Monad

b)
 51c

d)
d) Zinder and Lederberg

11. Bacteria used as biogas fermenters are

a) Halophiles

b) Methanogens*

c) Cyanobacteria

d) Vibrio bacteria

12. The gram negative bacteria detect and respond to chemicals in their surroundings by

a) Volutin granules

b) Lipopolysaccharide

c) muramic acid

d) Porins*

13. Which of the following is not present in Bacteria?

a) RNA

b) Cell wall

c) Flagella

d) Mitochondria*
 52

14. The cyanobacteria of great nutritional value being marketed today is

a)Serytonema

Spirogyra

Spirulina*

Stigonema

15. The amino acid found only in bacteria and blue green algae is

a) Methionine

b) Diamino-pimelic acid*

c) aspartic acid

d) glutamic acid

Protista

1. Protozoa which completely lack trophic organelles are classified under

a) Ciliophora*

b) Sporozoa

c) Rhizopoda

d) Flagellata

2. Highest degree of differentiation of the body is reached in

a) Parameceium*

b) Euglena

b)
 53c

d)
c) Trypanosoma

d) Amoeba

3. The primary grouping of protozoa is based upon their

a) Feeding habits

Mode of reproduction

Mode of locomotion*

Mode of nutrition

4. African sleeping sickness is caused by

a) Giardia intestinalis

b) Leishmania donovani

c) Trypanosoma gambiense*

d) Entamoeba histolytica

5. An example of a dimorphic protozoan is

a) Amoeba proteus

b) Parameceium

c) Polystomella*
 54

d) Plasmodium

6. Besides erythrocytes, the plasmodium attacks one more type of cells in our body; these are

a) Muscle cells

b) Nerve cells

c) Kidney cells

d) Hepatocytes*

b)
 55

7. Contractile vacuole is present in

a) Marine protozoa

b) Fresh water protozoans*

c) Both a and b

d) Parasitic protozoa

8. In Paramecium, the trichocysts are used for

Paramecium - MCQ on Protozoans

a) Offence

b) Defence*

c) Fight or flight response

d) None of these

9. The intermediate host of malarial parasite is

a) man

b)culex

c) female anopheles*

d) monkeys

10. The most widely accepted theory of locomotion in amoeba is

a) Rolling movement theory

 56

b) Suface tension theorey

c) Contraction hydraulic theory

d) Mast’s sol-gel theory*

11. Locomotor organelles in the parasitic protozoa of class sporozoa are

a) Cilia

b) Flagella

c) Pseudopodia

d) Absent*

12. Entamoeba can be identified from amoeba due to the absence of

a) Pseudopodia

b) Nucleus

c) Food vacuoles

d) Contractile vacuole*

13. The mode of nutrition in Paramecium

a) Saprozoic

b) Saprophytic

c) Holophytic

d) Holozoic*
 57

14. A major evolutionary advance exhibited by protozoan cell as contrasted with a bacterium

a) Formation of permeable cell membrane

b) Presence a nucleus

c) Presence of extensive system of cytoplasmic organelles

d) Both (b)and (c)*

15. Sleeping sickness in man is caused by trypanosome by the bite of the infective

a) male tse-tse fly

b) female tse-tse fly

c) both male and female tse-tse fly*

d) male and female Aedes mosquito

Plant Histology

1. When a tree grows older, the rapid increase in thickness is found in

a) sap wood

b) heart wood*

c) hard wood

d) spring wood

2. Vascular cambium is an example of

a) secondary meristem
 58

b) intercalary meristem

c) lateral meristem*

d)primary meristem

3. The waxy substance associated with the walls of trunks of some angiospermic trees is

a) cutin

b) suberin*

c) lignin

d) hemicellulose

4. Bicollateral vascular bundles are present in

a) malvaceae

b) gramineae

c) leguminosae

d) cucubitaceae*

5. Wounds in plant are healed by the activity of

a) apical meristem

b) lateral meristem

c) secondary meristem

d) intercalary meristem*
 59

6. Multilayered epidermis on both ventral as well as dorsal side is present in

a) Magnifera indica

b) Zea mays*

c) Ficus bengalensis

d) Amaltas

7. Bulliform cells are found in the leaves of

a ) sunflower

b) Wheat

c) potato

d) Tinospora*

8. Increase in girth in woody plants is due to the activity of

a) Cork cambium*

b) Procambium

c) Fascicular cambium

d) All of these

9. Casparian strips present in

a)pericycle

b)endodermis*
 60

c)hypodermis

d)collenchyma

10. Grafting is not possible in monocotyledons because they

a) lack cambium

b) have parallel bundles

c) are herbaceous

d) have scattered vascular bundles*

Seed Germination

1. During seed germination, seed coat ruptures due to

a) Differentiation of cotyledons

b) Massive glycolysis in endosperm and cotyledons

c) Sudden increase in cell division

d) Massive imbibitions of water 2. Seed develops from*

a) ovary

b) Embryo

c) Ovule*

d) Embryo sac

3. An albuminous seed showing hypogeal germination is

a) castor

b) Bean
 61

c) Gram

d) Maize*

4. Proteinaceous part of maize endosperm is

a) Apophysis

b) scutellum

c) Aleurone layer*

d) Peripheral layer

5.Vivipary is

a) Seed germination with subterranean cotyledons

b) Seed germination with epiterranean cotyledons

c) Fruit development without pollination

d) seed germination inside*

6 the fruit the fruit while attached to the plant 6. A gas required for germination of pea seed is

a) Nitrogen

b) Oxygen*

c) Hydrogen

d) Water vapours

7. Seed dormancy allows the plants to

a) Overcome unfavourable climate conditions*

b) Develop healthy seeds

c) Reduce viability
 62

d) Prevent deterioration of seeds

8. Among the following which compound can induce seed dormancy?

a) ABA*

b) Potassium nitrate

c) Gibberelllins

d) Ethylene

9. Protective covering over radical during seed germination is

a) Suspensor

b) Coleorhiza*

c) Epithelium

d) Coleoptile

10. Germination is epigeal in

Epigeal seed germination

a) Rice

b) Wheat

c) Zea mays

d) Helianthus*

Vegetative Propagation in Plants

1. Which of the following statement is true regarding vegetative propagation?

a) Vegetative propagation occurs naturally and artificially producing genetically identical

plants*
 63

b) Vegetative propagation occurs naturally and artificially producing genetically different

plants

c) Vegetative propagation occurs artificially producing genetically similar plants

d) Vegetative propagation occurs naturally producing genetically similar plants

2. All the following plants can be propagated by leaf cuttings except

a) Begonia

b) Hibiscus*

c) Bryophyllum

d) Sansiveria

3. Which of the following method is commonly practiced for root induction?

a) Cutting

b) Layering*

c) Grafting

d) Budding

4. Rooting in stem cuttings are stimulated by using

a) jasmonic acid b) ABA c) ethylene d) IAA*

5. ‘Conifer cuttings’ are practiced for propagating pine, spruce etc. They are usually taken during

a) early spring
 64

b) early winter*

c) late spring

d) late winter

6. The method of inducing rooting by girdling aerial branches is called air layering. Air layering
is also called as

a) gootee

b) Chinese layering

c) pot layering

d) all of these*

7. The method of layering in which rooting is induced at different nodes simultaneously in the
soil is called compound layering. It is also called as

a) air layering

b) serpentine layering*

c) trench layering

d) mound layering

8. Which of the following method is suitable for combining the desirable characters of two plants
together in a single plant

a) cutting

b) layering
 65

c) grafting*

d) all of these

9. Identify the diagram

a) layering

b) approach grafting

c) wedge grafting*

d) tongue grafting

10. In grafting, the rooted plant is called the stock. The stem cutting from the donor plant is called

a) transplant

b) scion*

c) bud graft

Wood Anatomy

1. Major part of annual rings is formed by

a) spring wood*

b) autumn wood

c) both a and b
 66

d) none of these

2. Autumn wood is present at the ---of annual ring

a)beginning

b)middle

c)end*

d)none of these

3. Heartwood is also known as

a)duramen*

b)sap wood

c)non porous wood

d)porous wood

4. Which region in heartwood is light in colour?

a)innermost region

b)middle region

c)outermost region

d)peripheral region*

5. Tracheid percentage is 90-95% in

a)soft wood*
 67

b)hardwood

c)sapwood

d)heartwood

6. Wood that entirely lacks vessel

a) non porous wood*

b) homoxylous wood

c) early wood

d) hard wood

7. Which of the following monocot showing anaomalous secondary growth?

a) Rice

b) Maize

c)Dracena*

d)none of the above

8. Which of the following is durable?

a) Heartwood*
 68

b) soft wood

c) sap wood

d)Spring wood

9. In an old stem the major part of wood is filled with tannins, resins, gums etc. This region is
known are

a) sap wood

b) soft wood

c) Heartwood*

d)Spring wood

10. The age of tree by counting the annual rings is called

a)chronology

b)countology

c)dendrology

d)dendrochronology*

Xylem and Phloem

1. Which of the following tissues are involved in water conduction ?

a) Xylem and Phloem

b) Tracheids and tracheae*

c) Parenchyma and sclerenchyma

 69

d) Xylem fibres and bast fibres

Xylem and phloem

2. Vessels are present in all plants except

a) Pinus*

b) Rose

c) Gnetum

d) mango tree

3. Xylem consists of

a) tracheids, vessels, fibres and parenchyma*

b) tracheids, vessels and companion cells

c) tracheids, fibres and parenchyma

d) tracheids, vessels, sieve cells and companion cells

4. Which of the following water conducting element is considered as most advanced

a) tracheids

b) multiple vessels

c) annular tracheids

d) simple vessels*

5. Tracheids and vessels are present in all except

 70

a) Marselia

b) Equisetum

c) Gnetum

d) Cycas*

6. Wood parenchyma is formed from

a) fusiform initials*

b) ray initials

c) collenchyma cells

d) all of these

7. Phloem consists of

a) vessels, sieve tube cells, phloem parenchyma, phloem fibres

b) sieve tube cells, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, phloem fibres*

c) vessels, tracheids, phloem parenchyma, phloem fibres

d) vessels, tracheids, sieve tube cells, companion cells

8. Which of the following statement is true about sieve tube cells

a) Sieve tube cells are nucleated but devoid of mitochondria and ER

b) companion cells are non-nucleated and are regulated by nucleated sieve cell

c) Sieve tube cells are present in all plants

 71

d) companion cells are nucleated and regulates activity of non- nucleated sieve tube cell*

9. Which of the following are the examples of phloem fibres

a) jute

b) hemp

c) flax

d) all of the above*

10. All the following plant groups possess phloem parenchyma except

a) Dicots

b) Monocots*

c) Gymnosperm

d) Pteridophytes

1. d) all of the above

2. b) Monocots

Q. 1. Fill in the blanks

i. W.M. Stanley isolated —TMV— for the first time from tobacco plant.

ii. The capsule of bacteria is made up of —Polysacchride——-.

iii. Nostoc belongs to the class —Cynophyceae—– of group algae.

iv. iv. Chara is also known as —Stonewort—–.

v. The outer covering of cystocarp of Polysiphonia is known as —Pericarp—-.

 72

vi. A flask shaped ascocarp is known as —Perithecium—.

The first stage of life cycle of Puccinia is called —Uredinal stage—-.

vii. The lichens which grow on tree trunks are called ---Corticoles—.

ix. The sporophyte of Anthoceros is surrounded by a sheath called

Involcure—-.

x. The mature sporophyte of Polytrichum consists of three parts,

i.e., foot, —Seta—and capsule.

xi. The main body of Bryophytesis called —Gemetophyte

xii. In Siphonostele—Pith- is present in the centre.

xii. The aerial portion of stem of Equisetum consists of two types of branches called —Fertile—

– and sterile.

xiv. The strobilus of Seleginella is a compact structure of --- sporophyllus—.

xv.Species of Marsileaceae have long, slender —Rhizomes—- that creep along or

beneath the ground.

xvi. The male cone of Cycas is produced singly at the —Apex– of the stem.

Q. 3. Multiple Choice Questions

Please encircle the appropriate letter (a, b, c or d) of the correct answer.

i) The transformation in bacteria was reported by

a) Lederberg and Zinder

b) J. Lederberg and E. Tatum

c) Fred Griffith*
 73

d) McCarty

ii) Which one is called colonial alga

a) Chara

b) Volvox*

c) Vaucheria

d) Bactrachospermum

iii) A disease called late blight in tomato and potato is caused by

a) Yeasts

b) Albugo

c) Phytophthora infestans*

d) Alternaria

iv) The fused sporangia called synangium is found in

a) Equisetum

b) Marsilia

c) Selaginella

d) Psilotum*

v) The most advanced plant from the evolutionary point of view among the following is

a) Ephedra*

b) Cycas

c) Pinus
 74

d) Ginkgo

vi) Asexual reproduction in Penicillium takes place by

a) Budding

b) Akinetes

c) Aplanospores

d) Conidia*

Economic botany

1. Major food crops of the world belongs to the family

a) Leguminosae

b) Solanaceae

c) Cruciferae

d) Gramineae*

2. Saffron is produced from

a) roots of Indigofera

b) petals of Rosa

c) stamens of Hibiscus

d) Style and stigma of Crocus*

3. One of the following is a plant of great medicinal value:

a) Brassica oleraceae
 75

b) Rauwolfia serpentine*

c) Coffea robusta

d) Cryptostegia grandiflora

4. Resrpine, s drug is extracted from

a) Brassica oleraceae

b) Atropa belladonna

c) Rauwolfia serpentine*

d) Digitalis purpurea

5. Fibre of great commercial importance derived from epidermis is

a) Flax

b) Hemp

c) Coir

d) Cotton*

6. A milk like preparation can be made from the seeds of

a) Gram

b) Grapes

c) Soybean*

d) Barley
 76

7. Coir of commerce comes from which part of coconut?

a) Epicarp

b) Mesocarp*

c) Seed coat

d) Endocarp

8. One of the following is a source of rubber:

a) Hevea brasilensis*

b) Tectona grandis

c) Cedrus depdara

d) Michelia champaca

9. Which of the most important source of food and fodder?

a) Algae

b) Fungi

c) Lichen

d) Cereal*

10. A drug which reduces high blood pressure is obtained from

a) Aconitum chasmanthum
 77

b) Centella asiatica

c) Rouwolfia serpentine*

d) Solanum nigrum

11. One of the following plants is a rich variety of timber:

a) Cassia fistula

b) Dalbergia sissoo*

c) Acacia arabica

d) Morus alba

12. The chicory powder which is mixed with coffee powder is obtained from

a) seeds

b) leaves

c) roots*

d) stems

Ricinus communis

13. Castor oil is obtained from

a) Sesamum indicum

b) Linum spp

c) Brassica campestris
 78

d) Ricinus communis*

14. The flax fibres are obtained from

a) Cannabis sativa

b) Crotolaria juncea

c) Cocos nucifera

d) Linum ustistissimum*

15. One of the following is an oil seed crop:

a) Marigold

b) Sunflower*

c) Roses

d) Crysanthemum

Plant Physiology - Mineral Nutrition

Nitrogen Fixation

1. Which of the following is necessary for biological nitrogen fixation?

a) Copper

b) Zinc

c) Manganese

d) Molybdenum*
 79

2. The essential element for the synthesis of auxin is

a) Zinc*

b) Sulphur

c) Potassium

d) Phosphorus

3. The disease “die back of shoots” is caused due to the deficiency of the following
microelements

a) Copper*

b) Chlorine

c) Manganese

d) Molybdenum

4. Little leaf disease is due to the deficiency of

a) Nitrogen

b) Zinc*

c) Manganese

d) Molybdenum

5. Hydroponics is

a) Growing of aquatic plants

 80

b) Growing off floating aquatic plants

c) Soilless cultivation of plants*

d) Growing of plants inside water

6. Molybdenum is involved in plant metabolism in

a) Translocation of solutes

b) Tryptophan synthesis

c) ABA synthesis

d) Nitrate reduction*

7. Plant require Fe and Mg for

a) Synthesis of chlorophyll*

b) Opening and closing of stomata

c) Translocation of carbohydrates

d) None of these

8. Plant absorb the element nitrogen in the form

a) nitrogen gas

b)nitrites

c) Nitrates*

d) nitric acid
 81

9. Bacteroid means

a) dead bacteria

b)living bacteria

c) A bacteria like substance

d) living bacteria but cannot divide*

10. Which of the following bacterium brings about denitrification?

a) Pseudomonas*

b) Rhizobium

c) Azotobacter

d) Nitrobacter

11. Ion can be accumulated against concentration gradient due to?

a) Mass flow

b) Active uptake*

c) Passive uptake

d) Donnan equilibrium

12. Which of the following is essential for Nitrogen Fixation by leguminous plants?

a) Chlorophyll

b) Leghaemoglobin*
 82

c) Anthocyanin

d) Phycocyanin

13. First experiments related to the method of hydroponics were done by

a) Knop

b) Sachs*

c) Arnon

d) Hill

14. The most widely accepted theory accepted to explain the translocation of carbohydrates in
higher plants

a) Root pressure theory

b) Osmotic theory

c) Imbibition theory

d) Mass flow theory*

15. Which element is required for Nodulation in Legumes?

a) Mn

b) Fe

c) Mo*

d) B
 83

Taxonomy and Systematics

1. The system of plant classification proposed by Carolus Linnaeus was artificial because

a) It was based on evolutionary relationship of plants

b) It was based on similarities and differences in floral and other morphological characters only

c) It took into account the physiological facts along with the morphological characters

d) None of the above*

2. Linnaeus is credited with introducing

a) The concept of inheritance

b) Law of limiting factor

c) Theory of heredity

d) Binomial nomenclature*

3. Out of the 4 widely known systems of classification one remains less phylogenetic and more
natural and that is of

a) Engler and Prantl

b) Hutchinson

c) Bentham and Hooker*

d) Rendle

4. The chief merit of Bentham and Hookers classification is that

 84

a) it is a natural system of classification of all group of plants

b) a system based on evolutionary concept

c) it also considered the phylogenetic aspect

d) The description of taxa are based on actual examination of the specimens*

5. ‘Systema Naturae’ written by Linnaeus contains a list of

a) 4000 species of plants

b) 2000 species of plants

c) 4200 species of plants

d) 4200 species of animals*

6. Natural system of classification of plants differs from artificial system of classification in

a) taking into account only one vegetative character

b) taking into account only one floral character

c) taking into account all the similarities between plants*

d) all of these

7. One of the best methods for understanding general relationships of plants is

a) Cytotaxonomy

b) Experimental Taxonomy

c) Numerical Taxonomy

d) Chemotaxonomy*
 85

8. Systematics deals with

a) Identification of Organism

b) Classification of organisms

c) the kinds and diversity of all organisms and the existing relationships amongst themselves*

d) identification, naming and classification of both plants and animals

9. α- taxonomy deals with

a) Classical taxonomy*

b) Chemotaxonomy

c) phylogeny

d) experimental taxonomy

10. Classical taxonomy is also termed

a) β taxonomy

b) systematics

c) descriptive taxonomy*

d) experimental taxonomy

11. The advantage of Systematics is that it

a) gives an idea of organic diversity, its origin and evolution in the plant and animal kingdom

b) is complementary to other branches of biology

 86

c) provides correct information needed in agriculture, medical, veterinary sciences etc.

d) All of these*

Syngenesious

12. Syngenesious anthers and epipetalous stamens are found in

a) Liliaceae

b) Malvaceae

c) Solanaceae

d) Compositae*

13. Indefinite stamens are characteristic of family

a) Malvaceae*

b) Gramineae

c) Labiatae

d) Cruciferae

14. Synandrous condition is common in the family

a) Umbelliferae

b) Rosaceae

c) Malvaceae

d) Cucurbitaceae*
 87

15. Polyadelphous condition is found in

a) Leguminosae

b) Rutaceae*

c) Compositae

d) Liliaceae

Plant Anatomy

Collenchyma

1. Collenchyma are characterized by the presence of

a) elongated cells with deposits of cellulose and pectin all over the wall

b) isodiametric cells with deposits of cellulose and pectin at the corners

c) elongated cells with thickening at the corners*

d) isodiametric cells with thickening all over the wall

2. The waxy substance associated with the wall of cork cells is

a) Cutin

b)Lignin

c) Hemicellulose

d) Suberin*

3. A simple mechanical tissue devoid of lignin is

 88

a) parenchyma

b) sclerenchyma

c) collenchyma*

d) chlorenchyma

4. Vascular bundles in a dicot stem are

Dicot Stem

a) open,collateral,exaarch

b)closed, collateral, endarch

c) closed, collateral,exarch

d) open, collateral, endarch*

5. Abnormal secondary growth is found in

a) Dracaena*

b) Triticum

c) Helianthus

d) Cucurbita

6. Presence of casparian strips is characteristic feature of

a) Endodermis*

b) Exodermis
 89

c) Epidermis

d) Pericycle

7. External protective tissue of plants are

a) cork and cortex

b) cortex and epidermis

c) Epidermis and cork*

d) pericycle and cortex

8. Annual rings are distinct in plants growing in

Annual rings

a) Temperate regions*

b) Tropical regions

c) Grasslands

d) Arctric region

9. The lateral roots generally originate in

a) cork cambium

b) cortex
 90

c) pericycle cells lying against protoxylem*

d) endodermal cells lying against protoxylem

10. Velamen cells are found in epiphytes

a) below the epidermis

b) just outside the cortex

c) below the endodermis

d) just outside the exodermis*

11. Sclerenchymatous bundle sheath is present in

a) Grass*

b) Mango

c) Banyan

d) Mango

12. Intercalary meristem results in

a) secondary growth

b) apical growth

c) primary growth*
 91

d) none of the above

13. The best method to determine the age of tree is

a) to count the number of leaves

b) to count the number of annual rings*

c) to measure it’s diameter

d) to find out the number of branches

14. The bark of a tree comprises

a) all the tissues outside the cork cambium*

b) all the tissues outside the vascular camboim

c) only the cork

d) just inside the cork cambium

15. Which of the following give rise to the cork tissue?

a) Phellogen*

b) periblem

c) periderm

d) phelloderm
 92

Auxins

1. The term auxin was coined by

a) Skoog

b) Haberlandt

c) Miescher

d) F.W. Went*

2. Precursor of Indole acetic acid (natural auxin) is

a) Glycine

b) Methionine

c) Isopentynyl pyrophosphate

d) Tryptophan*

3. All the following hormones are growth inhibitors except

a) Absiccic acid

b) dormin

c) ethylene

d) IAA*

4. Which of the following is a gaseous hormone

a) IBA
 93

b) NAA

c) Abscicic acid

d) Ethylene*

5. Which of the following is widely used as a rooting hormone

Auxins

a) NAA*

b) 2,4, D

c) 2,4,5-T

d) cytokinnin

6. “Agent orange” the leaf defoliator used by USA in Vietnam war was

a) ethylene

b) 2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T*

c) 2,4,-D and NAA

d) 2,4,5-T, NAA and ethylene

7. All the following inhibits auxin transport (anti-auxins) except

a) Cytokinnin*

b) α naphthyl thalamic acid

 94

c) 2,3,5-tri iodo benzoic acid

d) ethylene

8. Which of the following auxin is widely used as a selective weedicide

a) IBA

b) 2,4,-D*

c) NAA

d) 2,4,5-T

9. All are synthetic auxins except

a) NAA

b) IAA*

c) 2,4,-D

d) 2,4,5-T

10. Auxin transport is

a) Polar*

b) non-polar

c) symplast

d) apoplast

11. Which of the following bioassays are used to detect the presence of auxin
 95

a) Avena curvature test and tobacco pith culture

b) Split pea stem curvature test and tobacco pith culture

c) Avena curvature test and Split pea stem curvature test*

d) tobacco pith culture only

12. Which of the following is not a function of auxin

a) inducing dormancy*

b) enhancing cell division

c) inducing callus formation

d) maintaining apical dominance

13. Nodule formation is induced by

a) IBA

b) IAA*

c) Both (a) and (b)

d) NAA

14. All are natural auxins except

a) IAA

b) Phenoxy acetic acid

c) Indole-3-acetic acid
 96

d) NAA*

15. Which of the following is an auxin receptor

a) ETR1

b) CBP1

c) ABP1*

d) GRE

Abbreviations used:

* ABP: auxin binding protein 1

* GRE: giberillin responsive element

* NAA: naphthalene acetic acid

* IAA: indole acetic aicd

* TIBA: tri iodo benzoic acid * 2,4,-D: 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid

Cytokinins

1. Cytokinins are

a) adenine derivatives*

b) guanine derivatives

c) cytidine derivatives

d) thymine derivatives

2. Which of the following is a natural cytokinin

 97

a) isopentanyl adenine

b) zeatin*

c) 6-isopentanyl aenine

d) 6-amino purine

3. The first kinetin isolated by Miller was from

a) coconut endosperm

b) maize grains

c) herring sperm DNA*

d) wheat grains

4. The first natural cytokinin isolated from liquid endosperm was

a) isopentanyl adenine

b) zeatin*

c) 6-isopentanyl aenine

d) 6-amino purine

5. Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmids t-DNA has genes for

a) Auxin and giberrellins

b) cytokinins and ethylene

c) cytokinins and giberrellins

 98

d) Auxin and cytokinins*

6. Which of the following is the precursor of cytokinins

a) Adenine*

b) guanine

c) cytidine

d) thymine

7. Cytokinins are predominantly present in

a) permanent tissues

b) meristamatic tissues*

c) endodermis

d) cortical region

8. All are bioassays for cytokinins except

a) chlorophyll preservation test

b) tobacco pith culture

c) rice seedling growth inhibition test*

d) excised radish cotyledon enlargement test

9. All the statement are true regarding cytokinin except

 99

a) promote cell division

b) delay senescence

c) induce dormancy*

d) counteract apical dominance

10. Cytokinin treatment enhances

a) chlorophyll synthesis*

b) chlorophyll degradation

c) protein degradation

d) water uptake

11. In tissue culture, high cytokinins to auxin ratio causes

Cytokinin: Auxin ratio

Cytokinin: Auxin ratio

a) root differentiation

b) shoot differentiation*

c) both a and b

d) none of these
 100

12. In tissue culture, low cytokinins to auxin ratio causes

a) root differentiation*

b) shoot differentiation

c) both a and b

d) none of these

13. Translocation of cytokinin is polar and takes place through

a) xylem*

b) phloem

c) both phloem and xylem

d) capillary rise

14. ‘Pomalin’ is effective in increasing apple size and is a combination of

a) Auxin and giberrellins

b) cytokinins and ethylene

c) cytokinins and giberrellins*

d) Auxin and cytokinins

15. Which of the following hormone is involved in counteracting apical dominance induced by
auxin

a) Cytokinin*
 101

b) ethylene

c) abscisic acid

d) brassinosteroids

Ethylene

Ripening Hormone

1. Which of the following is a naturally occurring gaseous hormone

a) IAA

b) zeatin

c) 2iP

d) Ethylene*

2. High concentration of ethylene is present in

a) young leaves

b) meristamatic regions

c) buds

d) ripening fruits*

3. The precursor of ethylene is

a) tryptophan

b) serine

c) methionine*
 102

d) cysteine

4. All the following are functions of ethylene except

a) promote senescence

b) enhances abscission

c) promote ripening

d) induces cell division*

5. All are ethylene inhibitors except

a) phenyl mercuric acetate*

b) Ag+

c) amionooxy acetic acid

d) aminoethoxy vinyl glycine

6. Which of the following ion is an ethylene inhibitor

a) Mg2+

b) NH3+

c) Ag+*

d) Cl-

7. Which of the following is a bioassay for ethylene

a) chlorophyll preservation test

 103

b) triple pea test*

c) rice seedling growth inhibition test

d) excised radish cotyledon enlargement test

8. Climacteric fruits are

a) fruits exhibiting increase in respiration before final stages of ripening*

b) fruits exhibiting decrease in respiration before final stages of ripening

c) fruits exhibiting increase in photosynthesis before final stages of ripening

d) fruits exhibiting decrease in photosynthesis before final stages of ripening

9. All are climacteric fruits that respond to ethylene except

a) apple

b) banana

c) grape*

d) mango

10. Ethylene treated shoots shows triple response that include

a) epinasty (down ward curvature of leaves)

b) lateral cell expansion

c) loss of gravity response

d) all of the above*

 104

11. Aerenchyma formation in wet land species especially in rice is induced by

a) auxin and ethylene

b) cytokinin

c) ABA

d) Ethylene*

12. Which of the following enzyme production is enhanced by ethylene

a) amylase and protease

b) protease only

c) cellulase and chlorophyllase*

d) cellulase and protease

13. Which of the following is an artificial ripening agent

a) ethaphone*

b) 2,4-D

c) NAA

d) ethylene

14. Which of the following hormone stimulates ethylene release

a) auxin

b) cytokinin
 105

c) gibberellin

d) abscisic acid*

15. Ethylene production by organisms can be detected by

a) coloum chromatography

b) gas chromatography*

c) spectrophotometer

d) colorimeter

Gibberellins

1. Gibberellins was named after a fungus called

a) Gibberella fujikuroi*

b) Gibberella gaditijirrii

c) Gibberella acuminata

d) Gibberella africana

2. Gibberellins are chemically

a) phenolic derivatives

b) terpenoid derivatives*

c) adenine derivatives

d) alkaloid derivatives
 106

3. Gibberella fujikuroi the fungus causes

a) foolish seedling disease of rice or bakanae disease*

b) damping off seedling disease of rice or bakanae disease

c) fungal blight disease of rice or bakanae disease

d) rust disease of rice or bakanae disease

4. The most studied gibberellin is

a) GA1

b) GA9

c) GA3*

d) GA4

5. All are anti giberrellins except

a) Acetosyringone*

b) Amo1618

c) maleic hydrazide

d) phosphon D

6. All are functions of gibberellins except

a) promote cell elongation

b) promote dormancy*

c) promote elongation of internodes

 107

d) promotes parthenocarpic fruit fromation

7. Which of the following bioassay is used to test the presence of giberrillins

a) chlorophyll preservation test

b) dwarf pea elongation technique*

c) rice seedling growth inhibition test

d) excised radish cotyledon enlargement test

8. The gibberilins present in the aleurone layer of barley increase transcription of

a) lipase and protease

b) protease and cellulase

c) protease and amylase*

d) lipase and cellulase

9. Elongation of rosette plants is achieved by treatment with

Elongation of rosette plants

a) auxin

b) zeatin
 108

c) cytokinin

d) gibberellin*

10. Translocation of gibberrelins is non-polar and predominantly takes place through

a) xylem

b) phloem*

c) both phloem and xylem

d) capillary rise

11. The hormone which is involved in regulation of florigen synthesis

a) ethylene

b) zeatin

c) cytokinin

d) gibberellin*

12. Which is the giberrellin involved in elongation responses

a) GA1*

b) GA9

c) GA3

d) GA4
 109

13. Which is the giberrellin involved in flowering

a) GA1

b) GA9*

c) GA3

d) GA4

14. Early stages of gibberrellin synthesis take place in

a) mitochondria

b) peroxisome

c) plastids*

d) cytoplasm

15. Genetic dwarfism can be nullified by spraying with

a) auxin

b) zeatin

c) cytokinin

d) gibberellin*

Phytohormones - Polyamines, Morphactins, Brassinosteroids, Florigen

1. Polyamines are compounds containing

a) one amine group

 110

b) two or more amine group*

c) one amide group

d) two or more amide group

2. Precursors of polyamines are

a) arginine and asparagine

b) arginine and glutamine

c) arginine and lysine*

d) arginine and serine

3. All the following are polyamines except

a) spermidine

b) spermine

c) putrescine

d) lysergine*

4. Brassinosteroids are lipids synthesized from

a) cholesterol

b) stigmasterol

c) campesterol*

d) ergosterol
 111

5. Brassinisteroids are involved in enhancing

a) senescence

b) dormancy

c) cell division*

d) ripening

6. Which of the following is a synthetic growth inhibitor

a) ethylene

b) ABA

c) Morphactin*

d) IBA

7. Which of the following is a flowering hormone

a) ethylene

b) ABA

c) morphactin

d) florigen*

8. The hormone that is produced during chilling treatment

a) IAA

b) ethylene
 112

c) gibberrelin

d) vernalin*

9. Traumatic acid is a

Traumatic acid

a) stress hormone

b) flowering hormone

c) wound hormone*

d) growth hormone

10. Which of the following is a hormone derived from phenols

a) morphactins

b) phosphon D

c) polyamines

d) coumarin*

11. Which of the following are flowering hormones

a) vernalin and florigen*

b) florigen and ethylene

c) ethylene only
 113

d) both a and b

12. Caulines are hormones

a) specific to particular region of a plant*

b) of meristamatic region

c) of abscission layers

d) none of these

Plant Physiology - Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis

1. Photosynthetic pigments are located in

a) stroma

b) grana

c) cytoplasm

d) thylakoids*

2. The Dark reaction of photosynthesis was worked out by:

a) Hatch and Slack

b) Melvin Clavin*

c) Arnold

d) Emerson

3. During photosynthesis oxygen is evolved from

 114

a) carbohydrates

b) proteins

c) sunlight

d) water*

4. Light reaction occur in

Chloroplast: Photosynthetic apparatus

a) Grana*

b) stroma

c) thylakods

d) mitochondria

5. Photosynthetic pigments absorb

a) UV radiation

b) IR radiation

c) Visible radiation*

d) Gama radiation
 115

6. In cyclic photophorylation the high energy electrons are driven out from

a) Chlorophyll a 683

b) P 700*

c) Chlorophyll a 673

d) P 870

7. One among the following elements is very important for photolysis of water

a) Mg*

b) Mn

c) Fe

d) Zn

8. The hypothesis that all photosynthesis organisms require a source of hydrogen was first
proposed by

a) Van Niel*

b) Hatch and Slack

c) Hill

d) Ruber and Kamen

9. In the photosynthesis process, PS II absorbs energy at or just below

a) 700 nm

b) 870 nm

c) 680 nm*

d) 780 nm
 116

10. The amount of ATP required for the synthesis of one glucose molecule in C4 pathway is

a) 18 ATP

b) 30 ATP*

c) 12 ATP

d) 24 ATP

11. In bacterial photosynthesis comes from

a) H2S*

b) H2O

c) H2SO4

d) NH3

12. Isotopes popularly known to have been used in study of photosynthesis:

a) C16 and N15

b) C14 and O16*

c) P32 and C12

d) C11 and P32

13. Dark reaction is traced by

a) O19

b) P32

c) X-rays

d) 14CO2*

14. Photosynthesis is maximum in

 117

a) Blue light

b) Red light*

c) Blue and green light

d) Blue and red light

15. Law of limiting factor was proposed by

a) Black man*

b) Hill

c) Arnold

d) Engle man =

16. The process of Photosynthesis is

Photosynthesis

a) Reductive, exergonic and catabolic

b) Reductive, endergonic and catabolic

c) Reductive, endergonic and anabolic

d) Reductive, exergonic and anabolic*

17. A photosynthetic organism which does not release oxygen is

a) Blue green algae

b) Green alga
 118

c) Green sulphur Bacterium*

d) Lichen

18. Who was the first to study the influence of light during photosynthesis?

a) Van Niel

b) Blackmann

c) Warburg

d) J. Ingenhouz*

19. 90% of the total photosynthesis is carried out by

a) Algae*

b) Mesophytes

c) Pteridophytes

d) Xerophytes

20. An essential process connected with photosynthesis is

a) Synthesis of glucose

b) Photolysis of water*

c) Photophosphorylation

d) Breakdown of glucose

21. The site of Dark reaction of photosynthesis is

a) grana

b) stroma*

c) thaylakoids
 119

d) Both (a) and (b)

22. Which of the following is least effective in photosynthesis?

a) Blue light

b) Green light*

c) Red light

d) Sunlight

23. The hydrogen donor in bacterial photosynthesis is usually

a) Water

b) Ammonia

c) Sulphur

d) Hydrogen sulphide*

24. The percentage of light energy fixed in photosynthesis is generally around

a) 0.1 %

b) 1 %*

c) 10%

d) 100%

25. Light is necessary in the process of photosynthesis to

a) Split carbon dioxide

b) Produce ATP and a reducing substance*

c) Release energy

d) combine carbon dioxide and water

 120

Photosynthetic Pigments

1. Which of the following is a chlorophyll molecule lacking central Mg2+ ion?

a) chl a

b) bacteriochlorophyll

c) chl c

d) pheophytin*

2. The primary pigment in photosynthesis is

a) chl a*

b) chl b

c) chl a and chl b

d) chl a, chl b and carotenoids

3. The pigments that gives brown colour to kelps or brown algae is

a) chl c

b) pheophytin

c) fucoxanthin*

d) phycocyanin

4. Phycobilins (phycoerythrin and phycocyanin) are accessory pigments found in

 121

a) green plants

b) blue green algae and red algae*

c) blue green algae and diatoms

d) red algae and brown algae

5. Which of the following pigments are present in all photosynthetic plants?

a) chl a

b) chl a and b

c) chl a and carotenoids*

d) chl a, b and carotenoids

6. Instead of –CH3 group at the third C of the side group of Chl a, Chl b has

a) –COOH group

b) –CO group

c) –CHO group*

d) –OH group

7. The photosynthetic activity of chlorophyll is maximum in

a) violet and red light

b) violet light

c) blue light

d) red light*
 122

8. Xanthophylls differ from carotenes (C40H56) in having

a) Mg

b) Cl

c) O2*

d) H

9. Which of the following is a water soluble pigment?

a) chl a

b) chl b

c) carotenoids

d) phycobilins*

10. The photosynthetic pigments are located in

a) chloroplast

b) grana

c) stroma

d) Thylakoid*

Plant Physiology – Pla*nt Water Relations

Translocation of Water

1. The water readily available to plants for absorption by roots is

 123

a) Gravitational water

b) Capillary water*

c) Rain water

d) Hygroscopic water

2. The water potential of pure water at atmospheric pressure is

a) -2.3 bar

b) +2.3 bar

c) Zero bar*

d) One bar

3. Loss of water from the stomata of leaves are known as

a) Guttation

b) Exudation

c) Transpiration*

d) Evaporation

4. During rainy season wooden doors are difficult to open or closure because of

a) Plasmolysis

b) Imbibition*

c) Osmosis
 124

d) Diffusion

5. Plasmolysis occurs due to

a) Absorption

b) Osmosis

c) Endoosmosis

d) Exosmosis*

6. The marine animals that kept in fresh water burst. It shows the process of
 125a

b)

c)
Exosmosis

Endoosmosis*

Plasmolysis

d) Deplasmolysis

7. Cooling of plants is caused by

a) Guttaion

b) Photorespiration

c) Transpiration*

d) Assimilation

8. Active uptake of minerals by roots mainly depends on the

a) Availability of oxygen*

b) Temperature

c) Light

d) Availability of CO2

9. The hormone which signals the closure of stomata is

 126

a) Auxins

b) Cytokinine

c) Gibberelline

d) Abscisic acid*

10. Water absorption takes place through

a) Lateral roots

b) Root cap

c) Root hairs*

d) Tap root

11. Which of the following is an anti-transpirant

a) PMA*

b) PAN

c) IAA

d) AUG

12. What is the action spectrum of transpiration?

a) Orange and red

b) Green and ultraviolet

c) Blue and red*

 127a

b)

c)
d) None of these

13. Which one of the following is used for measuring the rate of transpiration?

Porometer

Osmometer

Moll’s experiment

d) Potometer*

14. Transpiration is least in

a) High atmospheric humidity*

b) good soil moisture

c) high wind velocity

d) dry environment

15. Stomata open at night and close during day time in

a) Xerophytes

b) Mesophytes

c) Succulents*
 128

d) Hydrophytes

Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms (Flowering Plants)

1. Testa of a seed is produced from

a) hilum

b) ovary wall

c) funicle

d) outer integument of ovule*

2. Endosperm is formed during the double fertilization by

one polar nuclei and one male gamete

two polar nuclei and one male gamete*

two polar nuclei and two male gamete

d) ovum and male gamete

3. One advantage of cleistogamy is

a) it leads to the greater genetic diversity

b) seed set is not dependent on pollinators*

c) seed dispersal is more efficient and widespread

d) each visit of a pollinator result in transfer of hundreds of pollen grains

 129a

b)

c)
4. Pollen grains are shed at which stage?

a) Two celled

b) Three celled

c) Single celled

d) Usually at two celled, but sometimes three celled*

5. Filiform apparatus is characteristic of

a) egg

b) synergids*

c) antipodal cells

d) anther wall

6. An ovule which becomes curved so that the nucellus and embryo sac lie at right angles to the
funicle is

a) hemitropous*

b) anatropous

c) orthrotropous

d) campylotrophous
 130

7. The egg apparatus of angiosperm comprises

a) an egg cell and two antipodals

b) an egg cell and the central cell

c) an egg cell and the two polar nuclei

d) an egg cell and two synergids*

8. Fusion of male gamete with polar nuclei of embryosac is known as

a) Pollination

b) embrogeny

c) triple fusion*

d) double fertilization
 131

9. Study the following statements and select the correct one.

A. Tapetum nourishes the developing pollen grains

B. Hilum represents the junction between ovule and funicle

C. In aquatic plants such as water hyacinth and water lily, pollination occurs by water.

D. The primary endosperm nucleus is triploid.

a) A and b are correct but C and D are incorrect

b) A, B and D are correct but C is incorrect*

c) B, C and D are correct but A is incorrect

d) A and D are correct but B and C are incorrect

10. The entry of pollen tube into the ovule through micropyle is called

a) mesogamy

b)anisogamy

c) Porogamy*

d) chalazogamy

Plant Physiology - Respiration

Respiration in plants

CH2O + O2 → CO2 + H2O + energy

1. The process of respiration in green plants occurs

a) only when stomata are open

 132

b) only when photosynthesis ceases

c) only when photosynthesis is in progress

d) At all times*

2. Respiratory enzymes are located in

a) mitochondrial matrix

b) cristae*

c) perimitochondrial space

d) outer membrane

3. The site of glycolysis in a cell is

a) chloroplast

b) nucleus

c) cytoplasm*

d) mitochondria

4. Respiration is

a) Anabolic process

b) Exothermic process*

c) Endothermic process

d) Endergonic process
 133

5. The annual plant exchange of gases takes place mainly through

a) Leaf scars

b) lenticels

c) stomata*

d) stem

6. Kreb’s cycle take place in

a) vesicles of ER

b) Mitochondrial matrix*

c) lysosomes

d) Dictyosomes

7. Common immediate source of energy in cellular activity:

a) NAD

b) ATP*

c) DNA

d) RNA

8. Photorespiration involves
 134

Photorespiration involves three organelles:Chloroplast, Peroxisome and

Mitochondria

a) Glycolate cycle*

b) kreb’s cycle

c) calvin cycle

d) CAM cycle

9. In succulent xerophytes the R.Q is :

a) Zero*

b) unity

c) less than one

d) more than one

10. R.Q. of fatty substances is generally:

a) unity

b) Zero

c) more than one

d) less than one*

 135

11. Conversion of pyruvic acid into ethyl alcohol is facilitated by the enzymes:

a) carboxylase

b)phosphatase

c) dehygrogenase

d) carboxylase and dehygrogenase*

12. During respiration yeast converts glucose to

a) ethanol and water

b) ethanol and oxygen

c) ethanol and CO2*

d) lactic acid and CO2

13. The net gain of ATP produced during the oxidation of one glucose molecule in a plant cell

a) 38 ATP molecules

b) 30 ATP molecules

c) 36 ATP molecules*

d) 24 ATP molecules

14. The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is

a) Water

b) Oxygen*
 136

c) Hydrogen

d) Cytochrome b

15. In plant cell, digestion of fats occurs with the help of

a) lysosomes

b) Peroxisomes

c) Glyoxisomes*

d) microtubules

16.The ultimate respiratory substrate, yielding maximum number of ATP molecules, is

a) glycogen

b) glucose*

c) amylose

d) ketogenic amino acid

17. End product of citric acid/ Kreb’s cycle is

Citric acid Cycle

a) citric acid

b) pyruvic acid

c) latic acid*

d) carbon dioxide and water

18. The first phase in the breakdown of glucose, in animal cell, is

a) glycolysis*
 137

b) E.T.S

c) Kreb’s cycle

d) Glycolysis

19. End product of fermentation are

a) O2 and C2H5OH

b) CO2 and O2

c) CO2 and C2H5OH*

d) CO2 and acetyaldehyde

20. Out of 36 ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule during respiration

a) 2 are produced outside glycolysis and 34 during repiratory chain

b) 2 are produced outside mitochondria and 34 inside the mitochondria*

c) all the formed inside mitochondria

d) 2 during glycolysis and 34 during Krebs cycle

21. Incomplete oxidation of glucose into pyruvic acid with several intermediate steps is known as

a) TCA pathway

b) Glycolysis*

c) HMS pathway

d) Glycolysis

22. When one glucose molecule is completely oxidised, it changes

a) 36 ADP molecules into 36 ATP molecules

 138

b) 38 ADP molecules into 38 ATP molecules*

c) 30 ADP molecules into 30 ATP molecules

d) 32 ADP molecules into 32 ATP molecules

23. Link between glycolysis, Kreb’s cycle and β oxidation of fatty acid or carbohydrate and fat
metabolism is

a) citric acid

b) succinic acid

c) acety CoA*

d) Oxaloacetic acid

24. Terminal cytochrome of respiratory chain which donates electrons to oxygen is

Electron transport Chain

a) Cyt. b

b) Cyt.a1

c) Cyt.c

d) Cyt.a3*

25. R. Q is ratio of

a) CO2 produced to substarate consumed

b) CO2 produced to O2 consumed*

c) oxygen consumed to CO2 produced

 139

d) Oxygen consumed to water produced

Biofertilizers and Pesticides

1. Organic farming is the technique of raising crops through uses of?

a) manures

b) biofertilizers

c) resistant varieties

d) all of these*

2. Pyrethrin is got from

a) Azardirachta indica

b) Urtica dioca

c) Tagetus erecta

d) Chrsanthemum cinerarifolium*

3. Which one is green manure/ biofertilizer

a) Sesbania*

b) Rice

c) Oat

d) Maize

4. Azolla is used as biofertilizer as it has

 140

a) Rhizobium

b) Cyanobacteria*

c) Mycorrhiza

d) large quantity of humus

5. The most quickly available source of nitrogen to plants are

a) amide fertilizers

b) ammonia fertilizers

c) nitrate fertilizers*

d) ammonia nitrate fertilizer

6. Most effective pesticide is

a) carbamates

b) Organophosphates*

c) organochlorines

d) All of these

7. Which is true for DDT? It is

a) not a pollutant

b) an antibiotic

c) an antiseptic agent
 141

d) a non degradable pollutant*

8. Which is major component of Bordeaux Mixture?

a) copper sulphate*

b) sodium chloride

c) calcium chloride

d) magnesium sulphate

9. Which one is correctly matched?

a) carbamates- malathion

b) organophosphates- carbofuran

c) carbamates- malathion

d) organochloride- endosulphan*

10. IPM stands for

a) integrated pest manufacture

b) integrated plant management

c) integrated plant management

d) integrated pest management*

11. Azolla is used as biofertilizer as it has

a) Rhizobium
 142

b) Cyanobacteria*

c) Mycorrhiza

d) large quantity of humus

12. Green manuring increases the crop yield by

a) 5-10%

b) 15-25%

c) 30-50%*

d) 80-90%

13. Insecticides generally attack

a) respiratory system*

b) nervous system

c) muscular system

d) circulatory system

14. Organisms associated with sorghum and cotton, which provide nutrition to them are

a) Azospirillium, Azotobacter*

b) Azotobacter, Azospirillum

c) Anabaena, Rhizobium

d) Rhizobium, Azotobacter
 143

15. Azolla as biofertilizer, increases the yield of rice fields by

a) 10%

b) 20%

c) 30%

d) 50%*

For CSS/PMS

Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)

(i) NADH from the Krebs cycle is approximately equal to:

(a) 2 ATP

(b) 3 ATP*

(c) 4 ATP

(d) 6 ATP

(e) None of these

(ii) In mitochondrial electron transport chains, the final c acceptor is:

(a) H2O

(b) H2O2
 144

(c)

(d)

(e)
NAD+

FAD

None of these

(iii) The movement of water from cell to cell via plasmadesmata is called:

(a) Symplastic*

(b) Transmembrane

(c) Apoplastic

(d) Facilitated

(e) None of these

(iv) In maize plant, the CO2 fixation mechanism is called:

(a) C3 pathway

(b) C4 pathway*

(c) CAM pathway

(d) C3 – C4 intermediate

(a)

(b)
 145

(c)

(d)

(e)
(e) None of these

(v) Salt-loving plants are known as:

Glycophytes

Halophytes*

Xerophytes

Mesophytes

None of these

(vi) With the addition of solution to a liquid system, the water potential of the system:

(a) Increases

(b) Decreases*

(c) Remains stable

(d) Remains variable

(e) None of these

(a)

(b)
 146

(c)

(d)

(e)
(vii) The conversion of pyruvate into acetyl C0. A is called:

(a) Glycolysis*

(b) Fermentation

(c) Oxidative carboxylation

(d) B-Oxidation

(e) None of these

(viii) Between adenine and thymine, there are:

Two hydrogen bonds*

3 hydrogen bonds

One hydrogen bond

4 hydrogen bonds

None of these

(ix) The stage of meiosis in which pairing of homologous chromosomes starts is

called:

(a) Leptotene

(a)

(b)
 147

(c)

(d)

(e)
(b) Zygotene*

(c) Diplotene

(d) Pachytene

(e) None of these

(x) The site of chromosome on which a gene is located is called:

(a) Allele

(b) Locus*

(c) Site

(d) Trait

(e) None of these

(xi) In a dihybrid cross, the ratio of F2 generation is:

9:3:3:1*

3:1

1:2:1

(a)

(b)
 148

(c)

(d)

(e)
1:1

None of these

(xii) When a single gene has multiple effects, the phenomenon is called:

(a) Codominance

(b) Epistasis

(c) Pleiotropy*

(d) Genostasis

(e) None of these

(xiii) Lamarck’s theory of evolution was published in:

(a) 1807

(b) 1808

(c) 1809*

(d) 1810

(e) None of these

(a)

(b)
 149

(c)

(d)

(e)
(xiv) The book “Origin of Species” was written by:

Linnaeus

Lamarck

Mendel

Darwin*

None of these

(xv) The interaction between algae and fungi to form lichen is called:

(a) Parasitism

(b) Mutalism*

(c) Commensalism

(d) Amensalism

(e) None of these

(xvi) The actual location or place where an organism lives is called:

(a) Habitat*

(a)

(b)
 150

(c)

(d)

(e)
(b) Ecosystem

(c) Niche

(d) Biome

(e) None of these

(xvii) Which of the biomes has been increased in area by human activities?

Savanna

Grassland

(a)

(b)
 151

(c)

(d)
Desert*

Coniferous forest

(e) None of these

(xviii) Which zone of the lake ecosystem consists of phyto-and zoo-planktons?

(a) Littoral zone*

(b) Limnetic zone

(c) Profundal zone

(d) Water deep layers

(e) None of these

(xix) Which of the following is a biotic component of an ecosystem?

(a) Producers

(b) Consumers

(c) Decomposers

(d) All of these*

(e) None of these

 152

(xx) A sequence of changes in the community structure of an ecosystem over a period of time is
called:

(a) Natural selection

(b) Succession*

(c) Neo-Darwinism

(d) Lamarckism

(e) None of thes

Important Lecturer Botany Solved MCQs Test

1. Heterocyst’s are

Colorless and thick walled

2. Liverworts are closely related to

Mosses

3. Fern plants are

Hygrophytes
 153

4. Largest sperm are forud in

Cycas

5. Red root is another name of

Bleet root

6. Cyathium is found in

Euphorbia

7. Third whorl in flower is

Stamen

8. The edible portion of mango is

Mesocarp

9. Heartwood is also known as

Duramen

10. Pith is absent in

Protostele
 154

11. Most primitive vascular plants are

Ferns

12. Vivipary is characteristic of halophyes

13. Number of ATP molecules produced by one NADH is

14. Element present in midlle lamella is

Ca

15. Wilting occurs due to excessive of

Guttation

16. Photolysis of water is caused by

PS II

17. Kranz anatomy is typical for

C4 plants

18. Haploid plants can be obtained from

 155

Anther culture

19. Xylem consists of

Tracheids, vessels, fibers, parenchyma

20. Casparian strips present in

Endodermis

THEEND