CAPACITANCE

1. The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air as medium is 6 µF. With the introduction of a
dielectric medium, the capacitance becomes 30 µF. The permittivity of the medium is :[NEET-2020]
–12 2 –1 –2
(ε0 = 8.85×10 C N m )
–10 2 –1 –2 2 –1 –2
(1) 0.44 × 10 C N m (2) 5.00 C N m
–13 2 –1 –2 –12 2 –1 –2
(3) 0.44 × 10 C N m (4) 1.77 × 10 C N m
Ans. (1)
Sol. Cair = 6µF, Cmedium = 30µF
ε0 A ε 0 Ak
Cair = , Cmedium =
d d
Cmed = KCair
30µF = K6µF
K=5
–12
∴ ε = ε0k = 8.85 × 10 ×5
–12
ε = 44.25 × 10
–10
ε = 0.4425 × 10
–10 2 –1 –2
ε = 0.44 × 10 CN m

2. A parallel plate capacitor having cross-sectional area A and separation d has air in between the
plates. Now an insulating slab of same area but thickness d/2 is inserted between the plates as
shown in figure having dielectric constant K(= 4). The ratio of new capacitance to its original
capacitance will be, [NEET-Covid-2020]
d

d/2

(1) 2 : 1 (2) 8 : 5 (3) 6 : 5 (4) 4 : 1

Ans. (2)
ε0 A
Sol. Ca =
d
ε0 A
Ck =
t
d– t +
k
ε0 A
Ck =
d d
d– +
2 8
8 ε0 A
Ck =
5 d
8
Ck = Ca
5
Ck 8
=
Ca 5

1
3. The equivalent capacitance of the combination shown in the figure is : [NEET-2021]
C

C
(1) 3C (2) 2C (3) C/2 (4) 3C/2
Ans. (2)
C B C

Sol. C A B

B C
C
(one capacitor gets short)
⇒ Ceq
= C1 + C2

= C + C = 2C


4. A parallel plate capacitor has a uniform electric field 'E' in the space between the plates. If the
distance between the plates is 'd' and the area of each plate is 'A', the energy stored in the capacitor
is : ( ε0 = permittivity of free space) [NEET-2021]

1 1 E2 Ad
(1) ε E2 (2) ε0EAd (3) ε E2 Ad (4)
2 0 2 0 ε0

Ans. (3)
1
Sol. E= CV2
2
1  ε0 A 
 (Ed)
2
= 
2  d 

1
= ε E2 Ad
2 0

5. Polar molecules are the molecules : [NEET-2021]

(1) having zero dipole moment.
(2) acquire a dipole moment only in the presence of electric field due to displacement of charges.
(3) acquire a dipole moment only when magnetic field is absent.
(4) having a permanent electric dipole moment.
Ans. (4)
Sol. Polar molecules have centres of positive and negative charges separated by some distance, so they
have permanent dipole moment.

2
6. A capacitor of capacitance C = 900 pF is charged fully by 100 V battery B as shown in figure (a).
Then it is disconnected from the battery and connected to another uncharged capacitor of
capacitance C = 900 pF as shown in figure (b). The electrostatic energy stored by the system (b) is:
[NEET-2022]

–6 –6 –6 –6
(1) 3.25 × 10 J (2) 2.25 × 10 J (3) 1.5 × 10 J (4) 4.5 × 10 J
Ans. (2)

Sol.

Common potential
C1V1 + C2 V2
VC =
C1 + C2

C × 100 + C × 0
=
C+C
= 50 Volt
Electrostatic energy stored
1
2 × CV2 =
= CV2
2
= 900 × 10−12 × 50 × 50
= 225 × 10=
−8
J 2.25 × 10−6 J

7. The equivalent capacitance of the system shown in the following circuit is : [NEET-2023]

(1) 3µF (2) 6µF (3) 9µF (4) 2µF

Ans. (4)
3×6
Sol. CAB = = 2µF
3+6

3
8. If the plates of a parallel plate capacitor connected to a battery are moved close to each other,
then [NEET-2024]
A. the charge stored in it, increases.
B. the energy stored in it, decreases.
C. its capacitance increases.
D. the ratio of charge to its potential remains the same.
E. the product of charge and voltage increases.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) A, B and E only (2) A, C and E only (3) B, D and E only (4) A, B and C only
Ans. (2)
Sol. Given V′ = V = Constant
ε0 A ε0 A
(i) =C' = ,C
d' d
d' < d ⇒ C' > C
Hence, final capacitance greater than initial capacitance,
1
(ii) U' = C ' V2
2
1
U = CV2
2
U' > U
Hence final energy is greater than initial energy
Q' Q Q' Q
(iii)= C= ' and C ⇒ ≠
V' V V' V
(iv) Product of charge and voltage
X ' Q'
= = V C ' V2 ⇒ X QV
= = CV2
X' > X

9. In the following circuit, the equivalent capacitance between terminal A and terminal B is :
[NEET-2024]

(1) 2 µF (2) 1 µF (3) 0.5 µF (4) 4 µF

Ans. (1)

Sol.

Given circuit is balanced Wheatstone bridge

CAB = 1 + 1 = 2µF