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Unit 18 Pol Sci

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Unit 18 Pol Sci

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UNIT 18 POL SCI

The National Policy for the Empowerment of Women in India was first
formulated in 2001 and subsequently revised in 2016. The policy aims to
create a gender-just society in which women can enjoy their full human
rights and participate in all spheres of life on an equal footing with men.
The policy recognizes the need for comprehensive and sustained efforts to
address the systemic and structural barriers that prevent women from
realizing their full potential and accessing equal opportunities.

The policy outlines a set of objectives and strategies for achieving gender
equality and women's empowerment in India. The key objectives of the
policy include:

1. To create an environment in which women can exercise their rights


and participate fully in all spheres of life. This objective aims to
address the socio-cultural norms and attitudes that perpetuate
gender discrimination and restrict women's mobility and agency.
2. To eliminate discrimination and violence against women and girls.
This objective aims to address the pervasive problem of gender-
based violence, which affects women across all age groups and
social strata.
3. To provide women with equal access to education, training, and
employment opportunities. This objective aims to address the
gender gap in education and employment and enable women to
participate in the formal economy.
4. To promote women's economic empowerment by facilitating access
to credit, technology, and other resources. This objective aims to
address the structural barriers that prevent women from accessing
financial resources and participating in entrepreneurship and other
economic activities.
5. To improve women's health and provide access to quality
healthcare services. This objective aims to address the gender gap
in health outcomes and ensure that women have access to
reproductive and sexual health services.
6. To enhance women's participation in decision-making processes at
all levels. This objective aims to address the under-representation of
women in politics, public administration, and other decision-making
bodies.
7. To ensure the protection and promotion of women's human rights.
This objective aims to ensure that women's human rights are
respected, protected, and fulfilled in all spheres of life.

The policy identifies various strategies and measures for achieving these
objectives. These include legislative reforms, capacity building,
awareness-raising, and institutional strengthening. The policy also
recognizes the need for partnerships and collaboration between
government agencies, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders
to ensure the effective implementation of the policy.
The policy recognizes that women's empowerment is not a one-time
event, but a long-term process that requires sustained and coordinated
efforts across multiple domains. The policy also acknowledges the
importance of addressing the intersectionality of gender with other social
identities, such as caste, class, religion, and ethnicity.

In recent years, the Government of India has taken several steps to


implement the National Policy for the Empowerment of Women. These
include the adoption of the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace
(Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013, the Beti Bachao Beti
Padhao (Save the Girl Child, Educate the Girl Child) campaign, and various
other initiatives aimed at promoting women's education, health, and
economic empowerment.

Despite these efforts, women in India continue to face numerous


challenges, including gender-based violence, limited access to education
and healthcare, and underrepresentation in decision-making processes.
The implementation of the National Policy for the Empowerment of
Women, therefore, remains a crucial priority for the government and other
stakeholders in India.

RECENT SCHEMES

India has implemented several policies and initiatives to promote women's empowerment and
gender equality. Here are some of the key policies:

1. Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao: The Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao (Save the Girl Child, Educate the Girl Child)
initiative was launched in 2015 with the aim of addressing the issue of declining child sex ratio in
India and promoting girls' education. The initiative involves various schemes and programs to
empower girls and promote gender equality.

2. Mahila E-Haat: Mahila E-Haat is an online platform launched by the government in 2016 to
promote women entrepreneurs and provide them with a platform to showcase and sell their
products. The platform provides a range of services, including product cataloging, order processing,
and payment gateway.

3. Women's Helpline: The Women's Helpline is a toll-free helpline number (181) launched by the
government to provide assistance and support to women in distress. The helpline is available 24/7
and provides information on legal and medical services, counseling, and other support services.

4. One-Stop Centers: One-Stop Centers are established by the government to provide a range of
services to women affected by violence, including police assistance, medical aid, legal aid, and
counseling. These centers aim to provide a safe and supportive environment for women in distress.
5. Maternity Benefit Scheme: The Maternity Benefit Scheme is a cash incentive scheme launched by
the government to promote the health and well-being of pregnant and lactating women. The scheme
provides financial assistance to women for their medical expenses and for the care of their newborn.

6. Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act: The
Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act was enacted
in 2013 to prevent and redress sexual harassment of women in the workplace. The act mandates
that all workplaces with more than ten employees have an Internal Complaints Committee to
address complaints of sexual harassment.

These policies and initiatives aim to promote women's empowerment and gender equality in India
and address the various challenges and issues faced by women in the country.

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